Moon Mullins

Moon Mullins is an American comic strip which had a run as both a daily and Sunday feature from June 19, 1923 to June 2, 1991. Syndicated by the Chicago Tribune/New York News Syndicate, the strip depicts the lives of diverse lowbrow characters who reside at the Schmaltz (later Plushbottom) boarding house. The central character, Moon (short for Moonshine), is a would-be prizefighter—perpetually strapped for cash but with a roguish appetite for vice and high living. Moon took a room in the boarding house at 1323 Wump Street in 1924 and never left, staying on for 67 years. The strip was created by cartoonist Frank Willard.
Origins and history.
Frank Henry Willard was born on September 21, 1893, in Anna, Illinois, the son of a physician, who early on determined to become a cartoonist. After attending the Academy of Fine Arts in Chicago in 1913, he was a staff artist with the "Chicago Herald" (1914–18), where he drew the Sunday kids' page "Tom, Dick and Harry" and another strip, "Mrs. Pippin's Husband". He next wrote and drew "The Outta Luck Club" for King Features Syndicate (1919–23).
In "The Comics" (1947), Coulton Waugh described Willard's art style as "gritty-looking." In 2003, the "Scoop" newsletter documented the 1923 events that led to the creation of the strip:
Willard was in tune with the working class characters he created, as noted by David Westbrook in "From Hogan's Alley to Coconino County: Four Narratives of the Early Comic Strip":
Characters and story.
After Johnson took over, other characters were added to the cast, including:
The strip was reviewed by Dr. Hermes in "Dr. Hermes Retro-Scans":
The Sunday page's topper strip, "Kitty Higgins", ran from December 14, 1930 to 1973.
Later years.
Ferdinand "Ferd" Johnson (1905–1996) began as Willard's assistant a few months after the strip began in 1923. Starting with the lettering, then the backgrounds, Johnson gradually progressed to the point where he was handling the entire operation; but it was only after Willard's death that he began signing it. When Willard died suddenly on January 11, 1958, the Tribune Syndicate hired Johnson to helm the strip. Johnson's first credited strip ran on March 3, 1958. (Frank Willard's tombstone at the Anna Cemetery in Anna, Illinois, is graced with an engraving of Moon Mullins.)
Ferd Johnson was born December 18, 1905, in Spring Creek, Pennsylvania. Johnson became interested in cartooning after winning the Erie (Pennsylvania) "Dispatch-Herald" cartoon contest at the age of 12. After finishing high school in 1923 he attended the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts, but left school after only three months to take an assistant's job at the "Chicago Tribune" with Willard. While assisting on "Moon Mullins", Johnson remained active with other "Tribune" projects. He created several comic strip features for the Syndicate—"Texas Slim" (1925–1928) and "Lovey-Dovey" (1932)—did sports illustration work, and produced advertising cartoons. In 1940, he revived Texas Slim in "Texas Slim and Dirty Dalton" (with the companion strip, "Buzzy"), which ran for 18 years.
By the time he took "Moon Mullins", it had evolved from long story continuities to a gag-a-day strip. In 1978, Ferd's son, Tom Johnson, signed on as his assistant. Ferd Johnson stayed with the strip until it came to an end upon his retirement in 1991. 
Decline and end.
"Moon Mullins" appeared in 350 papers at its height but declined to 50. Johnson said, “They just kept dropping off because it's so damn old. The new ones come out and the editors want to make room for them, so the old ones get dumped. And "Moon" sure qualifies that way." In April 1991, the "Chicago Tribune" dropped the strip, and the Tribune Media Syndicate told Johnson that it was the end. The last strip ran on Sunday, 2 June 1991.
Licensing and promotion.
Comic books and reprints.
The strip was reprinted in a long-running series of Cupples & Leon books (1927–1937), Big Little Books and comic books for Dell Comics (starting in 1936) and later, the American Comics Group (1947–1948). Dover Publications reprinted a collection of the daily strips in 1976, consisting of the third and fifth Cupples & Leon books. Representative samples of "Moon Mullins" daily continuity were featured in "Great Comics Syndicated by the Daily News-Chicago Tribune" (Crown Publishers, 1972), and "The Smithsonian Collection of Newspaper Comics" (Smithsonian Institution Press/Harry Abrams, 1977). The latter volume also reproduces several full-color Sunday pages. Comic strip historian Bill Blackbeard (1926–2011) edited a series of strip reprints for SPEC Productions.
Moon Mullins merchandise.
"Moon Mullins" merchandising began when agent Toni Mendez arranged a licensing deal for Kayo suspenders. The wave of products that followed included such items as a series of Kellogg's Pep Cereal pins, a Milton Bradley board game (1938), salt and pepper shakers, perfume bottles, Christmas lights, bisque toothbrush holders, a set of German nodder figures, carnival chalkware statues, a wind-up toy handcar, oilcloth and celluloid Kayo dolls, coloring books and a series of jigsaw puzzles (1943).
Kayo Mullins chocolate drink.
"Kayo Chocolate Drink" was the name of a bottled, later canned, chocolate-flavored milk drink. Created in 1929 by Aaron D. Pashkow of Chicago, it was bottled under authority of Chocolate Products, manufactured for decades, and featured Kayo Mullins on its label. It now only sold as a powdered hot chocolate mix distributed by Superior Coffee and Tea and "Smucker Foodservice Canada" for the foodservice market.
Radio.
"Moon Mullins" was adapted for radio during the 1940s. In the third episode of the series (March 25, 1940), the Plushbottoms trade Moon's only suit to pay for a collect telegram and learn they are owners of a goldmine. In a CBS audition recording dated January 31, 1947, Uncle Willie asks Moon for $10 bail, and Moon teaches the game of Blackjack to Kayo. Lord Plushbottom plans to go to a costume party as an Indian but instead winds up with a suit of armor. Character actor Sheldon Leonard was in the cast.
Animation.
Cambria Studios produced two sample episodes of a proposed "Moon Mullins" syndicated TV series with their Syncro-Vox animation process in the early 1960s, but it didn't clear enough television stations to go into production. Comic actor and director Howard Morris was the voice of Moon when the strip was adapted to animation for "Archie's TV Funnies" (1971–1973), produced by Filmation. Moon and Kayo became one of several rotating segments on the Saturday morning cartoon series. Other comic strip character features in the rotation included "Broom-Hilda, Dick Tracy, The Captain and the Kids, Alley Oop, Nancy and Sluggo" and "Smokey Stover". It was repeated in 1978, without "Archie", under the title "Fabulous Funnies".