Cohomotopy group

In mathematics, particularly algebraic topology, cohomotopy sets are particular contravariant functors from the category of pointed topological spaces and basepoint-preserving continuous maps to the category of sets and functions. They are dual to the homotopy groups, but less studied.
Overview.
The "p"-th cohomotopy set of a pointed topological space "X" is defined by
the set of pointed homotopy classes of continuous mappings from formula_2 to the "p"-sphere formula_3. For "p" = 1 this set has an abelian group structure, and, provided formula_2 is a CW-complex, is isomorphic to the first cohomology group formula_5, since the circle formula_6 is an Eilenberg–MacLane space of type formula_7. In fact, it is a theorem of Heinz Hopf that if formula_2 is a CW-complex of dimension at most "p", then formula_9 is in bijection with the "p"-th cohomology group formula_10.
The set formula_9 also has a natural group structure if formula_2 is a suspension formula_13, such as a sphere formula_14 for formula_15.
If "X" is not homotopy equivalent to a CW-complex, then formula_5 might not be isomorphic to formula_17. A counterexample is given by the Warsaw circle, whose first cohomology group vanishes, but admits a map to formula_6 which is not homotopic to a constant map.
Properties.
Some basic facts about cohomotopy sets, some more obvious than others: