Climate of Gwadar

The climate of Gwadar is located at – meters above sea level, features dry and hot arid climate. The oceanic influence keeps the temperature lower than that in the summer and higher in winter. The mean temperature in the hottest month of June remains between and . The mean temperature in the coldest month of January varies from to . The uniformity of temperature is a unique characteristic of the coastal region in Balochistan. Occasionally, winds moving down the Balochistan plateau bring cold spells, otherwise the winter is pleasant. In Gwadar, winter is shorter than summer. Gwadar's weather is identical to that of the Middle East as most rain occurs from December till January. The highest rainfall of in 24 hours was recorded on 6 June 2010.
Factors.
Gwadar being near the Arabian peninsula has hot and dry weather almost all year round. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Gwadar.
Monthly weather conditions.
Following is the monthly summary of climatic conditions in Gwadar.
January.
January is the coldest month of the city with lowest temperature of on 31 January 2001 while the highest temperature is recorded on 30 January 1963. Western Disturbance plays a vital role in the weather of Gwadar as most winter rains are dumped by it. Gwadar being close to the border of Iran gets moderate to above moderate rain in this month as Western disturbances are strong near western borders of Pakistan. The highest rain for this month is recorded in 1970 while the average is . The heaviest rain in 24 hours occurred on 13 January 1970 that is .
February.
February is also very chilly in the city with lowest temperature of on 1 February 2001 while the highest temperature is recorded on 27 February 2008. Moderate intensity rains also occur in this month the highest monthly rainfall is recorded in 1986 and average is , while the heaviest 24 rainfall is recorded on 21, 1987.
March.
Hot and dry weather is main factor of this month with highest temperature of recorded on 29 March 1999, while lowest temperature of recorded on 4 March 2003. Rain is a rare in this month with average rainfall of while the highest for this month is in 2005 and the heaviest 24-hour rainfall occurred 2 March 2005 which is of .
April.
Again hot and dry weather hovers over the city with slight increase in temperatures. The highest temperature of recorded on 6 April 2001, while lowest temperature of recorded on 30 April 2004. No rain occurs in this month with average rainfall of while the highest for this month is in 1961 and the heaviest 24-hour rainfall occurred 14 April 1994 which is of .
May.
The weather in May is identical to that of April. The heat wave is the main factor of this month. The highest temperature recorded in the city was on 25 May 1992, while the lowest was recorded on 2 May 2001. There is no rain in this month but drizzle may occur rarely, the highest monthly rainfall of May is recorded in 1982, while the average rain is and the heaviest 24-hour rain of may is also recorded on 2 May 1982.
June.
June is the hottest month of Gwadar city. As the hottest temperature is recorded on 8 June 1979, while the lowest temperature is recorded on 2 June 2000 which is of . Rains do not occur in this month only Tropical cyclone that form in Arabian sea if they approach Gwadar then light rain occurs as these cyclone get weak by the time they reach Gwadar. Cyclone Gonu moved past Gwadar with light rain but strong winds blown in early June 2007. While on 26 June 2007 Cyclone Yemyin as a weak tropical low made a landfall near Gwadar with rain and during the first week of June 2010 Category-1 Cyclone Phet devastated the city with strong windstorms of 120 km/h and a heavy downpour of was recorded in two days, with was recorded on 5 June and a record breaking in 24 hours was recorded on 6 June 2010. Phet's rainfall also make a record highest monthly rainfall of Gwadar while the average is only .
July.
July is identical to June, the weather remains hot and humid. The highest temperature is recorded on 14 July 1987 while the lowest temperature is recorded on 12 July 2001. Drizzle may occur in this month. The highest rainfall of this month is in 1979 while the average is and the 24-hour rain in this month is occurred on 25 July 1976.
August.
There is no change in the weather of Gwadar in August as it remains hot and humid but temperatures decreases a little bit. The highest temperature is recorded on 11 August 1962 while the lowest temperature is recorded on 4 August 1999. Drizzle may occur in this month too. The highest rainfall of this month is in 1979 while the average is and the 24-hour rain in this month is occurred on 22 August 1970.
September.
September is more hot but less humid than August. But temperatures rises in this month. The highest temperature is recorded on 11 September 1962 while the lowest temperature is recorded on 26 September 2004. Trace amount of drizzle may occur in this month. The highest rainfall of this month is while the average is and the 24-hour rain in this month is occurred on 7 September 1976.
October.
October is the most driest month of the city and it is the month in which autumn visits the city. The highest temperature is recorded on 1 October 1999 while the lowest temperature is recorded on 23 October 1975. Drizzle may occur in this month. The highest rainfall of this month is in 1997 while the average is and the 24-hour rain in this month is occurred on 25 October 1997.
November.
The first week of November is hot while the rest is mild with dry weather. The highest temperature is recorded on 1 November 1965 while the lowest temperature is recorded on 27 November 2003. Winter rain showers occur in this month due to Western disturbances. The highest rainfall of this month is in 1963 while the average is and the 24-hour rain in this month is occurred on 24 November 1963.
December.
December is the month in which the cold wave hits the city because Gwadar is close to the sea making December a mild month. Western disturbances cause heavy showers in this month that decreases the temperature. The highest temperature is recorded on 8 December 2005 while the lowest temperature is recorded on 15 December 2003. Heavy downpour occur in this month. The highest rainfall of this month is in 1989 while the average is and the highest 24-hour rain in this month is occurred on 6 December 1997.
List of Cyclones that effected Gwadar and the Makran Coast.
Cyclones do not make a landfall in Gwadar city that instigate in Arabian sea, since Gwadar is located on the extreme western coast of Pakistan. Following are the Cyclone that affected Gwadar city;
Annual rainfall of Gwadar.
The following is the annual rainfall for the last few years based on data from the Pakistan Meteorological Department.<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk"></ref>