Examination board

An examination board (or exam board) is an organization that sets examinations, is responsible for marking them, and distributes results. Some are run by governmental entities; some are run as not-for-profit organizations.
List of national examination boards.
Poland.
There is one state run central system of examination boards in Poland called "Centralna Komisja Egzaminacyjna" ("Central Examination Board") established within the new legislation on education issued by Polish parliament in 1998. The central board has eight regional branches called "Okręgowa Komisja Egzaminacyjna" (OKE) - "Regional Examination Board". All primary and secondary schools and other education institutions in a region are served by the regional OKE. Universities are not part of that system. It is allowed by law to sit an exam in other regional board than the home one, but practically it does not happen. 
Each OKE is responsible for the content and administration of the entrance tests to primary schools, Gymnasiums and secondary schools in accordance to the Ministry of Education annual guidelines. Final secondary school examination called Matura (analogous to A Levels) is prepared each year by the Ministry of Education and administered by regional examiners, who are recruited, trained and paid by regional OKE boards. Each regional OKE has an authority to issue an official certificate of an examination.
United Kingdom.
England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The members of this list all provide A-Level and GCSE qualifications:
Traditionally, schools were restricted to one of a large number of regional examination boards, but now they can use any (though few outside Northern Ireland choose to use the Belfast-based CCEA). Furthermore, a number of boards have merged making a much lower number overall.
United States.
Primary and secondary school tests are generally administered by the state boards of education - or in the case of private schools, private organizations whose affiliations align with those of the school. Tertiary school entrance qualifications and vocational qualifications are provided by other organizations.
India.
India has three national level boards and various state boards of education and examinations. 