Academic ranks in Italy

Academic ranks in Italy are the titles, relative importance and power of professors, researchers, and administrative personnel held in academia.
Overview.
Faculty (all these positions are tenured or tenure-track):
Non-faculty and temporary:
Notice that as of January 2011, some changes have been introduced in the above system, in particular faculties have been abolished in all Italian state universities substituted by larger departments in charge of both teaching and research. Therefore, the role of the "Preside", that used to be the head of the faculty, is now extinguished.
Administrative ranks
Professorship.
Faculty members must hold a degree (pre-Bologna process) or a master (after the implementation of the Bologna process). This because pre-Bologna process Italian degrees are equivalent to foreign master degrees. Faculty may hold a PhD (not existent before the Bologna process) and can be (in ascending order):