Itoigawa Domain

 was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It is located in Echigo Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Itoigawa Jin'ya, located in what is now part of the city of Itoigawa in Niigata Prefecture. 
History.
Itoigawa was initially an outlying portion of Takada Domain under the control of the Matsudaira clan following the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate. It was separated from Takeda Domain following an "O-Ie Sōdō". 
In 1692, Arima Kiyozumi was transferred (i.e. demoted) from Nobeoka Domain to Itoigawa due to mismanagement of his domains which resulted in a peasant revolt. This marked the start of Itoigawa Domain. He has transferred in 1695 to Maruoka Domain and the territory reverted to "tenryō" status.
Itoigawa Domain was created again in 1699, this time as a 10,000 "koku" holding for Honda Tsukeyoshi, who had been elevated from "hatamoto" status. He was transferred to Iiyama Domain in 1717.
The domain was then given to Matsudaira Naoyuki, grandson of Matsudaira Mitsumichi through his son Matsukata Naokata of the Echizen-Matsudaira line. His descendants ruled until the Meiji restoration. Despite the domain's location on the "Shio-no-michi", or main highway connecting the Hokuriku region with Edo and Kyoto, the domain was very small in "kokudaka" and suffered from numerous natural disasters, which meant that its finances were always in a crisis situation. A major uprising occurred in 1814. The sudden inflation of prices following the Perry Expedition and orders from the Tokugawa shogunate to construct coastal defence fortifications also created great unrest. The 7th "daimyō" of Itoigawa, Matsudaira Mochiaki became the 17th (and final) "daimyō" of Fukui Domain. The domain quickly sided with the Imperial forces in the Boshin War and was renamed by the Meiji government. 
In July 1871, with the abolition of the han system, Itoigawa Domain briefly became Itoigawa Prefecture, and was merged into the newly created Niigata Prefecture. Under the new Meiji government, the final "daimyō", Matsudaira Naoyasu was given the "kazoku" peerage title of "shishaku" (viscount).
Bakumatsu period holdings.
As with most domains in the han system, Itoigawa Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned "kokudaka", based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields.
List of daimyō.
Matsudaira Naoyuki.
 was the 1st Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa Domain in Echigo Province under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. Naoyuki born as the third son of Matsudaira Chikatoki of Hirose Domain in Izumo Province, and was adopted as heir to Matsudaira Naotomo of the Echizen-Matsudaira clan. His wife was Kame-hime, the daughter Matsudaira Naokata, the son of Matsudaira Mitsumichi. In 1705, he was received in formal audience by Shōgun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi and granted the courtesy title of "Shinano-no-kami", which was changed a year later to "Omi-no-kami". In 1717, he amassed the necessary "kokudaka" to qualify for the rank of "daimyō" and was appointed to the vacant seat of Itoigawa. However, he died the following year at the age of 36 without ever having visited his domain.
Matsudaira Naoyoshi.
 was the 2nd Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa. Naoyuki born to a "hatamoto" line of retainers, and was adopted as posthumous heir on the unexpectedly sudden death of Matsudaira Naoyuki. His wife was a daughter of Honda Tsukeyoshi, a former "daimyō" of Itoigawa who was now "daimyō" of Iiyama Domain. In 1726, he was appointed to the post of "Osaka Kaban", and in 1727 to the post of "bugyō" overseeing the festivals at the Nikkō Tōshō-gū. These duties, together with a fire which destroyed to domain's main Edo residence in 1731 all but bankrupted the domain. He died in 1739 at the age of 39.
Matsudaira Katafusa.
 was the 3rd Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa. Katafusa was the fourth son of Naoyoshi, and became "daimyō" at the age of eight upon his father's sudden death. Domain affairs were handled by Matsudaira Naokata, who also oversaw his "genpuku" ceremony. In 1750, he was received in formal audience by Shōgun Tokugawa Ieshige. He subsequently served in numerous minor posts within the administration of the shogunate. his wife was a daughter of Wakabe Mizunabe of Ōmizo Domain. He died in 1773 at the age of 39.
Matsudaira Naotsugu.
 was the 4th Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa. Naotsugu was the seventh son of Katafusa, and became "daimyō" upon his father's sudden death in 1773. In 1776, he was received in formal audience by Shōgun Tokugawa Ieharu. He subsequently served in numerous minor posts within the administration of the shogunate, however, with each posting the financial drain on the domain became increasingly severe. He retired from public life in 1806 and died in 1814. His wife was a daughter of Honda Sukemitsu of Iiyama Domain.
Matsudaira Naomasu.
 was the 5th Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa. Naomasu was the eldest son of Naotsugu, and became "daimyō" upon his father's retirement in 1806. He subsequently served in numerous minor posts within the administration of the shogunate, however, with each posting the financial drain on the domain became increasingly severe. The financial problems of the domain were further compounded by a fire which destroyed the domain's main Edo residence in 1810, and another massive fire which destroyed the "jōkamachi" of Itoigawa in 1811. He was forced to borrow money at usurious rates from merchant houses, and to raise taxes to unsustainable levels, which resulted in a widespread revolt within the domain. He retired from public office in 1826 and died in 1833. His wife was the daughter of Matsudaira Naohiro of Akashi Domain; he later remarried to a daughter of Honda Masaharu of Tanaka Domain.
Matsudaira Naoharu.
 was the 6th Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa. Naoharu was the second son of Naomasu, and became "daimyō" upon his father's retirement in 1826. He subsequently served in numerous minor posts within the administration of the shogunate, including "bugyō" overseeing the festivals at the Nikkō Tōshō-gū in 1833. In 1857, he retired in favour of his fourth son Matsudaira Naokiyo; however, Naokiyo was transferred to Fukui Domain the following year by the shogunate, and Matsudaira Naoyasu was sent from Akashi Domain to take his place. As he was still underage, Naoharu ruled the domain from behind-the-scenes until the Meiji restoration. In 1872, he relocated to Tokyo, where he died in 1878. His wife was a daughter of Satake Yoshichika of Iwasaki Domain.
Matsudaira Mochiaki.
 was the 7th Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa Domain and later the 17th (and final) "daimyō" of Fukui Domain in Echizen Province. He ruled Itoigawa as Matsudaira Naokiyo (直廉), but was transferred to Fukui Domain when Matsudaira Yoshinaga (better known as Matsudaira Shungaku was forced into retirement during the Ansei Purge.
Matsudaira Naoyasu.
 was the 8th (and final) Matsudaira "daimyō" of Itoigawa. Naoyasu was the seventh son of Matsudaira Naritsugu of Akashi Domain, and was selected to replace Matsudaira Mochiaki as "daimyō" after the latter was transferred to Fukui Domain. However, due to his youth, all power remained in the hands of his father-in-law, Matsudaira Naoharu, who ruled for behind-the-scenes. In 1868, the new Meiji government renamed Itoigawa Domain "Kiyosaki Domain" and from 1869 to the abolition of the han system in 1871 he served as Imperial governor. In 1872, he relocated to Tokyo, where he died in 1913. He received the title of "shishaku" (viscount) in the kazoku peerage system.
See also.
List of Han