Fastiv

Fastiv () is a city in the Kyiv Oblast (province) in central Ukraine. On older maps it is depicted as Chvastiv (). Administratively, it is incorporated as a city of oblast significance. It also serves as the administrative center of the Fastiv Raion (district), to which it does not administratively belong. Its population is approximately .
Lying on conjunction of railway lines, Fastiv is an important node station on the rail route from central Europe to Russia and Asia. On 1 December 1918 at the Fastiv train station delegations of the Ukrainian People's Republic and the West Ukrainian People's Republic signed the Unification Act uniting territories of Ukraine that were split between Austrian and Russian empires.
Beside transportation industry, Brewing and machinery industry are also present, although the majority of inhabitants are employed by Ukrzaliznytsia's 12 railway installations in the city.
History.
The foundation date of the city is not known. Under its current name the populated place is first mentioned as early as 1390 in old Russian chronicles where it is stated that Prince of Kyiv Vladimir Olgerdovich issued a certificate that stated that Fastiv belonged to Rozhanovsky princes.
Fastiv is a historical city that survived through many times Cossack uprisings and the Great Turkish War with the period of total devastation and later resettlement. In 1685 it became one of centers of revived Cossack movement in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth following the Treaty of Andrusovo. In early 18th century around Fastiv took place Paliy uprising. Following the unsuccessful military campaign of Pylyp Orlyk in 1711, remnants of his military force withdrew to Fastiv after the 1711 siege of Bila Tserkva.
In the second half of 18th century, Fastiv was one of centers of another local uprising known as Koliyivshchyna.
In 1793 the town was ceded to the Russian Empire as part of the Second Partition of Poland and the complete Russian occupation of the Right bank Ukraine.
In 1825 during the Decembrist revolt in Saint Petersburg, the Imperial Russian troops quartered around Fastiv and Vasylkiv supported the revolt. In the mid 19th century around Fastiv, the Imperial Russian archaeological commission conducted archaeological excavations of the "Perepiat kurgan" which were attended by Taras Shevchenko as an experienced artist.
The loss in Crimean War, led to intensive development of railroad network throughout the Russian Empire and in 1870 through Fastiv was installed the Kiev–Odessa railroad.
As Chwastów (Fastów), it is mentioned in the 19th century Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland being a town of the Vasylkiv county.
In 1898 Fastiv became a permanent residence of Imperial Russian inventor Nikolay Benardos out of the Central Ukraine who is known for developing of arc welding in the Russian Empire.
On 24 August 1919 the Ukrainian Galician Army defended Fastiv against hordes of Bolsheviks and few days later on 29 August 1919 the town residents were meeting the Head Otaman of the Ukrainian People's Republic forces Symon Petlura.
Soon after that in September 1919, a pogrom of the Jewish population of Fastiv was carried out by Denikin's White Army forces; about 1,800 people were murdered and about 8,000 died in the following year from wounds or epidemics. In 1941 the German Einsatzgruppe C under Paul Blobel murdered all Fastiv Jews between the ages of 12 and 60.
Architecture.
Historical landmarks include the Intercession Church (Ukrainian: Pokrovska Tserkva; Intercession of the Theotokos Church) - a 17th-century Orthodox church, also known as Paliy Church (after the Cossack leader Semen Paliy). There is also an early 20th-century Catholic church.