Kingdom of Sedang

The Kingdom of Sedang (; Vietnamese: "Vương quốc Xơ Đăng"; sometimes referred to as the "Kingdom of the Sedang") was an ephemeral political entity established in the latter part of the 19th century by a French adventurer, Charles-Marie David de Mayréna, in part of what is present-day Vietnam.
Mayréna, a former French government official with a dubious history that allegedly involved embezzlement, was in 1888 the owner of a plantation in French Indochina. When the king of Siam began claiming territories near those held by the French, Mayréna convinced the nervous colonial administrator to permit him to lead an expedition into the interior in order to negotiate treaties with the local tribespeople.
However, upon his arrival, he instead convinced the tribesmen to form a local kingdom under his rule. To justify this he argued that the tribes involved were not subjects or vassals of the emperor of Annam (Vietnam), and hence had a right to independent statehood. The Kingdom of Sedang, as he named it, incorporated the Bahnar, Rengao, and Sedang tribes. Mayréna was elected King by the chiefs of these tribes, established his capital at Kon Gung (also called Pelei Agna, or Great City), and assumed the regnal name of "Marie the First, King of the Sedang", on 3 June 1888.
He subsequently offered to cede his kingdom to the French Third Republic in exchange for monopoly trade rights and hinted that the Prussians were interested if the French were not. When the French government failed to respond positively, Mayréna approached the British in Hong Kong. When he was rebuffed there he traveled to Belgium, where in 1889 a financier offered to provide him with arms and money in exchange for the kingdom's mineral rights. Mayréna's return to Sedang was thwarted by the French Navy, who blockaded Vietnamese ports, and by the seizure of his arms as contraband at Singapore.
During his travels to Southeast Asia and Europe Mayréna awarded dozens of titles of nobility, orders of knighthood and assorted medals and paraphernalia to his supporters. He also created a series of postage stamps that are the main tangible legacy of his kingdom.
Mayréna (who had earlier converted to Islam and married several local women) died under mysterious circumstances (various reports claim by poisoning, snakebite or as the result of a duel) on 11 November 1890 at Tioman, Malaya.