Aukh

Aukh (Chechen: Ӏовх, Ӏовха, 'Ovkha, Ӏовхойн мохк; Russian: Ау́х) is a historical region in the current republic of Dagestan, populated by Chechens. Aukh encompasses parts of the Novolak, Khasavyurtovsky Babayurtovsky and Kazbekovsky districts. The Chechens of Dagestan call themselves Aukhovites, and speak a sub dialect of the Galanchozh dialect. 
Historical Inhabitants of Aukh.
Aukh has historically been inhabited by Chechen tribes and were mentioned by several sources of the time as Okoki, Kachkalyki, Gueni, Michkizi and others. Aukh was very mixed with a lot of different Chechen Teips from all areas of Chechnya and Ingushetia, due to this the tribes living there had several different names in Russian sources. All of them recognized themselves as Nakhchoy (Chechens) as can be attested by a letter from 1756 by the Sala-Uzden prince Adzhi who in his letter calls the Chechen clans living in Dagestan "Nation of Nakhshai".
History.
"Okotsk Lands".
(Russian: Окоцкая земля) is an Old Russian term used by the Russian Tsardom to denote a Chechen feudal entity, which they encountered in the 16th century. Okotsk was one of the important allies of Russia in the North Caucasus, and had a rivalry with the other polities of Dagestan, particularly the Kumyk controlled Shamkalate of Tarki. It distinguished itself by being in opposition to Persian, Ottoman and Crimean hegemony over the North Caucasus, allying itself with the Russian Tsardom instead. The Prince Shikh Okotsky commanded at some point a host of 500 Cossacks and 500 Chechens (Aukhovites), although the 500 Aukhovites were part of a larger immobilized Chechen force of 1000 infantry and 100 mounted cavalry. In the year 1583 Shikh Murza's joint Chechen-Cossack force would attack an Ottoman force traveling from Derbent to the Sea of Azov to the aid of the Crimean Khanate, the Ottoman force took significant damage which hampered their transit from Derbent to the Sea of Azov.
Aukh Naibstvo.
In the 19th century, Aukh was incorporated into the Caucasian Imamate as one of many Chechen Naibstvos (Administrive unit of the Caucasian Imamate). In 1843 the Aukh Naib district was one of the most important Naibstva, it had up to 1500 families and could equally supply 1500 soldiers to the Caucasian Imamate. In another report from 1857 Aukh under Naib Hatu had in total 530 warriors or which 200 were cavalry and 330 infantry. Another famous Naib of Aukh was Bashir-Sheikh from Endirey who belonged to the famous Chechen-Kumyk nobility called Sala-Uzden.
Administrative Dispute.
In 1921, Aukh was included in the Dagestan ASSR, despite the desire of Aukhovites to join the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. According to another explanation, the reason was the entering Aukhovites fear of losing their winter pastures in the territory of the Khasavyurtovsky District. In 1943, the territory was incorporated into the Aukh district, which only lasted til February 1944, when Aukhovite Chechens were ethnically cleansed from their homeland along with the rest of the Chechen nation. Part of Aukh was incorporated into the new Novolaksy district and the property and houses of the ethnically cleansed Chechens, were given to Laks free of charge. The villages Shircha-Aukh (Kalininaul) and Aukh-Aktash (Leninaul) were transferred to the Kazbekovski District and the property there was given to Avars. In 1956, Chechens began to return to their historical homeland, widespread ethnic conflict ensued.
Ethnic cleansing.
With the permission of the authorities of the Soviet Dagestan, on October 5, 1943, the Aukhovites formed their national Aukhov district (the territory of the modern Novolaksky and part of the Kazbekovsky regions) with the center in Yaryksu-Aukh (modern Novokuli). But at the end of February 1944, the Aukhovites, sharing a similar fate with other Vainakhs, were ethnically cleansed from their homeland. The authorities disbanded the Aukh district, giving the land of Aukhovites to other ethnic groups of Dagestan.
In the period from 1957 to 1960, the majority of Aukhovites returned to the Soviet Dagestan, however, the leadership of the republic forbade them to resettle the land of their ancestors, especially in the Novolaksky and Kazbekovsky districts (only a few successfully repatriated). Due to restrictions, Aukhovites began to settle in other settlements of the republic, which the authorities indicated to them (legislatively, this ban was enacted by a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the DASSR on July 16, 1958). Until 1961, Aukhovites fought for their return to their native places of residence after which under the threat of a new ethnic cleansing, they had to temporarily abandon their claims.
Aukhovites never abandoned attempts to return their former dwellings occupied by Avars and Laks. The resulting interethnic tension led to clashes, sometimes with tragic consequences. In 1964, Aukhovites made another attempt to return to their native homeland, acting in an organized manner and emphasizing the peaceful nature of their action. The leadership of the Soviet Dagestan was confused and declared these actions “riots”, although no repressive measures were taken against the participants in the events then. Once again, Aukhovites tried to return to their homes in 1976 and 1985 in the village of Chapaevo (Chech. Keshen-Evla), and in 1989 in many native Aukh villages. In response to these actions, the local party leadership began to turn the Avars and Laks against the Aukhovites. On July 3, 1989, a rally was organized demanding the renewed cleansing of Aukhovites from Dagestan.
Teips living in Aukh.
Aukh is home to many teips, with some of them being native to the area, while others settled there later on. The following is a list of teips that live in Aukh today: