International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics

The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG; , UGGI) is an international non-governmental organization dedicated to the scientific study of Earth and its space environment using geophysical and geodetic techniques.
The IUGG was established in Brussels, Belgium in 1919. Some areas within its scope are environmental preservation, reduction of the effects of natural hazards, and mineral resources.
Objectives.
IUGG's objectives are the promotion and coordination of studies related to Earth's physical, chemical and mathematical representation. This includes geometrical shape, internal structure, gravity and magnetic fields, seismicity, volcanism, hydrologic cycle, glaciers, oceans, atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere of Earth. It also includes solar, lunar and planetary studies.
Structures.
The IUGG consists of eight semi-autonomous associations: 
It has also established six commissions to promote interdisciplinary problems: 
and the Union Working Group on History.
General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries General.
List of General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries-General.