Iguape Formation

The Iguape Formation () is a geological formation of the Santos Basin offshore of the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina. The calcarenite, shale, siltstone, marl and conglomerate formation dates to the Tertiary period and has a maximum thickness of .
Etymology.
The formation is named after Iguape, São Paulo.
Description.
The Iguape Formation is thick, and consists of bioclastic calcarenites and calcirudites, containing bryozoa, echinoids, corals, foraminifera, fragmented shells, and algae remains. They are interbedded with grey-greenish clays, siltstones, marls and variegated grey fine-to-medium grained conglomerates. These facies are interbedded with and change laterally to the Marambaia Formation. The depositional environment is thought to be a marine carbonate platform, influenced by the arrival of alluvial clastics in the most proximal areas. Biostratigraphic data from planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nanofossils and palynomorphs indicate a Tertiary age. Carbonate production rates of the formation have been estimated at per million years.