Mangar Bani

Mangar Bani sacred grove hill forest next to Mangar village on Delhi-Haryana border, is in Faridabad tehsil of Faridabad district in the Indian state of Haryana. 
It is an important biodiversity area within the Northern Aravalli leopard wildlife corridor stretching from Sariska Tiger Reserve to Delhi. Historical place around sanctuary are Badkhal Lake (6km northeast), 10th century ancient Surajkund reservoir (15 km north) and Anangpur Dam (16 km north), Damdama Lake, Tughlaqabad Fort and Adilabad ruins (both in Delhi), Chhatarpur Temple (in Delhi). It is contiguous to the seasonal waterfalls in Pali-Dhuaj-Kot villages of Faridabad, and the Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary. There are several dozen lakes formed in the abandoned open pit mines in and around the area. 
Etymology.
Mangar Bani, is a Haryanvi dialect term which means the "Mangar Vana" in Hindi or Sanskrit and "the forest of Mangar" in English.
Location.
Mangar village is from the Faridabad. Mangar Bani and other villages such as Gwal Pahari and Bandhwari, lie in the eco-sensitive area of at-risk forested hills of Southern Delhi Ridge in Aravalli range.
History.
Mangar is a 700 years old village nestled in the rocky hills covered with native trees unique to the Aravalli range, the oldest Plateau mountains in India.
Demography.
In 2011, it had a population of about 1965 persons living in 368 households.
Administration.
Mangar is governed by the panchayat local governing body.
Mangar Bani hills biodiversity area.
Forest.
Mangar Bani along with neighbouring villages of Gwal Pahari, Baliawas and Bandhwari, which lies near the forested parts of Southern Delhi Ridge of Aravalli range, is an ecologically sensitive under threat biodiversity area dotted with disused mining pits. The flora, fauna, and ecology has degraded which severely needs restoration by replacing the invasive "Vilayati kikar" weed with the 3-layer cover of native grass, shrubs and trees. This area lies in the habitat of leopards. 95% of the forest is covered with the slow-growing "dhau" tree (anogeissus pendula). Mangar Bani has native plant species such as Dhau and wild eagle can be seen here.
Conservation.
Mangar Bani has been studied by the biologists who found it to be a High-Biodiversity Zone. It is one of the last remaining natural tropical forest in the Aravalli range. It has more than 30 native tree species thriving along with the 100 native shrubs and herbs, all of which provide shelter to the wildlife, animals and rare birds, leopards. It acts as an important source of ground water recharge. Mangar Bani, which was panchayat common land till 1970 was converted to private land in the 1980s, and in 2012 the union environment ministry put the Mangar Development plan on hold. Haryana chief minister Manohar Lal Khattar declared it a protected forest in 2015 with a 500-meter buffer zone.
Gudariya Das Baba temple.
Gudariya Das Baba temple is 2 km to the northwest of Mangar village. This ancient temple provides the status of sacred grove to Mangar Bani. According to the local oral tradition, the baba (saint) Gudariya Das protects this "bani" (forest) and punishes anyone who damages this forest.
Lulu Lake.
Lulu Lake wetland is nestled on the hills of Mangar Bani, 6 km to the southwest of Mangar village and 4 km south of Gudariya Das Baba temple. Its near mount Gaga Lulu, a small hill.
Tribal jewellery museum.
Mangar Tribal Jewellery museum, established by the Sterre Sharma the wife of former INC union minister Satish Sharma, has jewellery from all over India including the tribes of northeast India. Jewellery is made from the glass, bone, brass, white metal, silver and gold plate.
Concerns.
Encroachment, illegal tree felling, illegal construction are major threats to the forest. Nearby is already causing an environmental threat to the sensitive ecology by leeching toxic pollutants in the forest and aquifers. In 2017, National Green Tribunal (NGT) ordered the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) to the test the groundwater sample near Bandhwari plant.