Girl Genius

Girl Genius is an ongoing comic book series turned webcomic, written and drawn by Phil and Kaja Foglio and published by their company Studio Foglio LLC under the imprint Airship Entertainment. The comic won the Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story three times, has been nominated for a Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist and twice for Eisner Awards, and won multiple WCCA awards.
"Girl Genius" has the tagline of "Adventure, Romance, Mad Science!". It follows the main character Agatha Heterodyne (introduced in 1995) through an alternate-history Victorian-style "steampunk" setting, although elements veer from what is usually thought of as steampunk. Kaja Foglio describes it as "gaslamp fantasy" instead to suggest its more fantastic style.
As well as the comics, the Foglios have also written four Girl Genius novels, all published by Night Shade Books, and two games based on the world have been made.
Overview.
Setting.
The setting has been described as steampunk, with reviewers for "Wired" describing it as a "mosh of Victorian era, magic and emerging technology" and "steampunk to the core", but co-creator Kaja Foglio dislikes the term and instead coined the term "gaslamp fantasy" to describe the work. Kaja said in a blog post that when "Girl Genius" was first coming out, there was a comic called "Steampunk" and she wanted to avoid confusion. She added that "we have no punk, and we have more than just steam, [so] using a different name seemed appropriate." "Girl Genius" differs from classic steampunk in that technology is not just limited to machines but also encompasses biology such as "constructs" – biological creations which range from Frankenstein-style creatures to talking cats and mouse-sized mammoths.
"Girl Genius" is set in an alternate-universe Europe with Industrial Revolution-like surroundings, airships, and mad scientists called Sparks. These Sparks, who have incredible powers of invention, turned the Age of Enlightenment into a full-scale war that ravaged the continent, until Baron Wulfenbach brought an uneasy peace through force.
Plot.
"Girl Genius" tells the story of Agatha Clay, a student and apprentice at Transylvania Polygnostic University whose experiments never work, until she encounters an electromagnetic pulse and is robbed of her locket. This leads her to break free of an attempt to suppress her powers as a Spark, and to hide that she is the long-lost daughter of famous hero Bill Heterodyne and villainess-turned-good Lucrezia Mongfish. Agatha Heterodyne (whose surname is based on a real scientific concept) learns to mix scientific genius, a streak of true heroism and an obsessive possessiveness for what she considers her own in order to claim her monstrous heritage and birthright, even as the eyes of all Europa watch her carefully in case she turns out to be one of the monsters herself.
Publication history.
The idea for the style of "Girl Genius" came about when Kaja Foglio went through some of Phil's loose drawings, saying in an interview: "I was going through all of Phil's old files and I was filing all of the old sketches, and I was coming across weird airships and cats in tophats with walking canes, and all of this wonderful... Victoriana sci-fi stuff... it was like 'Oh, this is everything I love!'" Phil Foglio said, "We wanted to do something with a strong female lead character. We both like the tropes associated with mad science, and I really enjoy drawing fiddly Victorian-style gizmos". 
Agatha Heterodyne first appeared in print in 1995 in a GURPS sourcebook that the Foglios illustrated. Phil Foglio states that plotting for "Girl Genius" started in 1993, and it was first published in 2000. "Girl Genius: The Secret Blueprints Vol. I" was printed in January 2001, followed closely by the monochrome Issue 1 in February. In 2005 "Girl Genius" became a webcomic, and quarterly print publication of the comic ceased. 
The first three printed issues (which make up Volume 1) were in black and white. Subsequent printed and web comics were in color. Volume 1 was inked by Brian Snoddy, Volumes 2 and 3 by Mark McNabb. Volume 4 by Laurie E. Smith, and all subsequent volumes by Cheyenne Wright. Wright also colored the comics of Volume 1; these colored versions were used for a new print edition of Volume 1 and have replaced the original comics on the website.
In an interview recorded in January 2008, shortly before they began releasing pages of volume 8 of "Girl Genius" on their web site, the Foglios stated that they expected the climax of Volume 8 to be the rough equivalent of "the end of the first season," and that it would provide a logical break in case of author catastrophe and a fresh jumping-on point for new readers. However, this was an underestimate of the length of the remaining "first season": the end of Volume 13 turned out to be approximately halfway through the planned overall story arc. The "second season" of the series began March 3, 2014, with "Act 2, Volume 1," after a two-month hiatus of the main story.
Published collections.
The webcomic, as well as the initial printed issues, have been collected into printed volumes, and in some cases those volumes have been collected into printed omnibuses. Unless stated in the notes below, the books reprint works first published as the webcomic.
"Girl Genius" in other media.
"Girl Genius" has been adapted, or proposed for adaptation, for other media:
Novels.
The Foglios have written four Girl Genius prose novels, which follow the same story as the comics: 
The prose novels are published by Night Shade Books. 
Games.
Further games are being planned:
Movie.
In 2010 it was reported that Felicia D. Henderson had optioned the rights to "Girl Genius" and was adapting it into a movie. However, no movie had been produced.
Awards.
"Girl Genius" and its creators have won multiple Hugo Awards and Web Cartoonists' Choice Awards (WCCAs). They have also been nominated for further Hugo awards, WCCA awards, and Eisner Awards.
References.
Primary sources.
In the text, these references are marked with a double dagger: ‡