CCGS Hudson

CCGS "Hudson" is an offshore oceanographic and hydrographic survey vessel operated by the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship entered service in 1963 with the Canadian Oceanographic Service, stationed at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, called CSS "Hudson". The ship made several significant scientific voyages, among them the first circumnavigation of the Americas in 1970. The ship was transferred to the Canadian Coast Guard in 1996 and remains in service.
Description.
The first Canadian ship built specifically for hydrographic and oceanographic survey work, "Hudson" was designed by the Montreal firm of Gilmore, German and Milne. "Hudson" is long overall and between perpendiculars with a beam of and a draught of The ship has a tonnage of , and a . "Hudson" is certified as Arctic class 2. The ship is powered by a diesel electric DC/DC system composed of four Alco 251D diesel engines and two Caterpillar 398 generators. The system, rated at , drives two fixed pitch propellers and bow thrusters, giving the ship a maximum speed of . The ship is also equipped with one Caterpillar 398 emergency generator. The ship has a fuel capacity of of diesel fuel, giving the ship a range of at and an endurance of 105 days.
The ship is outfitted with a flight deck and a hangar and is capable of operating one light helicopter of either the MBB Bo 105 or Bell 206L types. "Hudson" is equipped with one RHIB and has four laboratories. There is one geo-chem lab, two labs, one hydrographic and one oceanographic and one general purpose lab. The ship has a complement of 31, comprising 11 officers and 20 crew, with 23 additional berths available.
Service history.
"Hudson" was constructed and funded by the Canadian Department of Energy, Mines and Resources on behalf of the Canadian Oceanographic Service. The ship was built by Saint John Shipbuilding and Drydock Ltd at their shipyard in Saint John, New Brunswick with the yard number 1046. The vessel was launched on 28 March 1963 and completed in December later that year. Named for the explorer Henry Hudson the ship entered service as CSS "Hudson", in February 1964. The ship is based at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography.
During the 1960s, "Hudson" performed five surveys of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge as part of the world-wide study of continental drift. The ship took part in Expo '67 and had satellite navigation installed, becoming the first ship outside the United States Navy to have the technology. In 1969, "Hudson" circumnavigated North America. From November 1969 to October 1970, the vessel circumnavigated North and South America, starting in Nova Scotia, travelling south to Antarctic waters, around the southern tip of South America, north through the mid-Pacific and back to Nova Scotia through the Northwest Passage. "Hudson" was the first vessel to circumnavigate both continents. While transiting, the ship carried out several experiments, among them studies of marine life along the east coast of the Americas, tidal current surveys of Chilean fjords and geographic discoveries in the Pacific Ocean. This voyage, in which over 100 scientists participated during various stages, was documented in the 1973 book "Voyage to the Edge of the World" by Alan Edmonds .
During surveys of Canada's Arctic, "Hudson" employed a helicopter for the first time. During the early 1970s, "Hudson" performed surveys of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine. In March 1976, "Hudson" rescued the entire crew of the fishery patrol vessel "Cape Freels", which had been abandoned on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland after catching fire. In the late 1970s, "Hudson" carried out the first survey of Baffin Bay.
In the 1980s and 1990s, "Hudson" took part in large surveys that were part of international programs such as the Joint Global Ocean Fluxes Study and World Ocean Circulation Experiment. In 1980, "Hudson" circumnavigated North America. "Hudson" contributed significantly during recovery operations during the aftermath of the semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit that sank in Eastern Canadian waters on 15 February 1982. "Hudson" saved all 24 crew members of MV "Skipper 1" in the North Atlantic on 29 April 1987. On 28 April 1988, an explosion was spotted by the crew over the horizon. When "Hudson" arrived on scene, they found the tanker "Athenian Venture" on fire and in two pieces. "Hudson" recovered only one body from among the wreckage. 
In the 1990s, "Hudson" performed surveys in Greenland waters, Rankin Inlet and Chesterfield Inlet. During operations in Greenland waters, ice tore a gash in the hull of the ship. "Hudson" was forced to return to Canada for repairs. In 1996, "Hudson" joined the fleet of the Canadian Coast Guard. "Hudson" contributed to the recovery operations during the recovery operations of Swissair Flight 111 in the waters off of Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia, Canada during the autumn months of 1998. From 1999 to 2001, "Hudson" performed surveys in the Sable Island region. 
In 2007 the Government of Canada announced several new shipbuilding projects for the Canadian Coast Guard, including a replacement for "Hudson", expected to be in service by 2012. The ship rescued the seven-man crew of the fishing vessel "Ocean Commander" which burned and sank on 6 July 2009. The construction of the replacement for "Hudson" was delayed, forcing the Canadian Coast Guard to replace rusting plates aboard "Hudson" in 2012. The repairs were completed in September 2015. "Hudson" underwent a $4 million CAD refit beginning on 19 December 2016. The refit was performed by Heddle Marine at their shipyard in Hamilton, Ontario. "Hudson" was towed out of Heddle Marine's shipyard to the Canada Centre for Inland Waters in Burlington, Ontario, a Government of Canada facility. The vessel's refit, scheduled to be finished in May 2017 was unfinished at the time of the ship's removal. "Hudson" returned to the East Coast on 14 November 2017 to ensure that the ship was out of the Saint Lawrence Seaway before it closed. The ship underwent further refit at Halifax, which included modification to the cabins and laboratories. The ship is scheduled to return to service in April 2018. On 12 February 2019, St. John's Dockyard Ltd. of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador was awarded the contract to extend "Hudson"s service life by another five to ten years. "Hudson" began the six-month refit on 25 February. On completion of her refit in mid-2020, the ship's retirement date was estimated as 2024.