Denis Sullivan (schooner)

The S/V "Denis Sullivan" is a replica three-masted, wooden, gaff rigged schooner from Milwaukee, Wisconsin. She is a flagship of both the state of Wisconsin and of the United Nations Environment Programme.
History.
The construction of the "Denis Sullivan" was first proposed in 1991 by a group of Milwaukee residents and volunteers from other states. Their plan was to build a tall ship which would serve as a platform for educating people about the Great Lakes. Community involvement was welcome in the project, and almost a thousand people donated almost a million volunteer hours toward the "Denis Sullivan" construction. Through the efforts of both professional shipwrights and volunteers, the "Denis Sullivan" was partially completed and launched in June 2000. She departed Milwaukee for her first sail to the Caribbean in November 2000.
Design.
The "Denis Sullivan" is not a replica of a specific vessel. Rather, her design is inspired by that of the Great Lakes cargo schooners of the 19th century. Like many of those schooners, she carries a raffee, a square-rigged fore topsail which is triangular in shape.
In designing the "Denis Sullivan", architects Timothy Graul Marine Services looked to several nineteenth century Great Lakes schooners for inspiration, including the "Rouse Simmons", "Clipper City", and "Alvin Clark". Above the waterline, the "Sullivan" closely resembles these earlier vessels. Her shape is that of an efficient cargo carrier, and her rigging and deck arrangement are likewise authentic. She differs from her predecessors, however, below the waterline. Traditionally, Great Lakes cargo schooners were built with a fairly flat bottom to minimize draft and permit sailing in shallow waters. They carried a centerboard to compensate for this when sailing to windward. The "Denis Sullivan" strayed from this tradition to meet both modern Coast Guard safety requirements and the practical considerations of a passenger vessel. She has a relatively deep hull and weighted keel, which provide greater stability to the vessel and allow for of head clearance in the below decks accommodations. An additional concession to safety regulations was the division of the traditional cargo hold into watertight bulkheads.