2019 in public domain

When a work's copyright expires, it enters the public domain. The following is a list of works that entered the public domain in 2019. Since laws vary globally, the copyright status of some works are not uniform.
Entering the public domain in countries with life + 70 years.
With the exception of Spain (which has a copyright term of Life + 80 years for creators that died before 1987), a work enters the public domain in the European Union 70 years after the creator's death, if it was published during the creator's lifetime. For previously unpublished material, those who publish it first will have the publication rights for 25 years. Russia uses Life + 74 for authors who worked during World War II, otherwise copyright is Life + 70. The list is sorted alphabetically and includes a notable work of the creator that entered the public domain on January 1, 2019.
Entering the public domain in countries with life + 50 years.
In most countries of Africa and Asia, as well as Belarus, Bolivia, Canada, New Zealand and Uruguay; a work enters the public domain 50 years after the creator's death.
Entering the public domain in Australia.
In 2004 copyright in Australia changed from a "plus 50" law to a "plus 70" law, in line with the United States and the European Union. But the change was not made retroactive (unlike the 1995 change in the European Union which brought some e.g. British authors back into copyright, especially those who died from 1925 to 1944). Hence the work of an author who died before 1955 is normally in the public domain in Australia; but the copyright of authors was extended to 70 years after death for those who died in 1955 or later, and no more Australian authors will come out of copyright until 1 January 2026 (those who died in 1955).
On January 1, 2019, any unpublished work by an author who died in 1948 or before entered the public domain. Additionally, any published literary, artistic, dramatic, or musical work (other than computer programs) by a not generally known author (anonymous or pseudonymous) from 1948 or before entered the public domain.
Entering the public domain in the United States.
2019 was the first year since 1998 in which the majority of media from a previous year entered the public domain after the expiration of its copyright term. 2019 is also the first year in this annual process, where 1923 works become public domain that year, then 1924 works in 2020, and so on forward.
Under the Copyright Term Extension Act, books, films, and other works published in the United States in 1923 entered the public domain in 2019. Additionally, unpublished works whose authors died in 1948 entered the public domain. Foreign works from 1923 that were never published in the United States may be in the public domain as well. This was the first time since January 1, 1998, that a new group of works entered the public domain in the United States. From now on, works governed by the Copyright Act of 1909 will enter the public domain at the end of the 95th calendar year from publication. For example, 1924 works will enter the public domain on January 1, 2020, 1925 works in 2021, and so forth.
No United States audio recordings will enter the public domain (as those fixed before February 15, 1972 were covered by state laws only), but international audio recordings published in 1923 entered the public domain in 2019. Under the Music Modernization Act, 1923 domestic audio recordings will enter the public domain in 2024. However, all sheet music published in 1923 in the United States entered the public domain in 2019.
Some of the works that entered public domain are "The Great American Novel" by William Carlos Williams, Charlie Chaplin’s "The Pilgrim", Harold Lloyd's "Safety Last!", Robert Frost's "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening", Kahlil Gibran's "The Prophet", "The Murder on the Links" by Agatha Christie, Cecil B. DeMille’s "The Ten Commandments", Aldous Huxley’s "Antic Hay", and Winston Churchill’s "The World Crisis". While Christie, Huxley, and Churchill were all non-American authors, these works were also published in the United States and their copyright was registered and renewed. Hence, copyright expired in 2019.