List of hoaxes

The following is a list of hoaxes:
Proven hoaxes.
These are some claims that have been revealed, or proven definitively, to be deliberate public hoaxes. This list does not include hoax articles published on or around April 1, a long list of which can be found in the "List of April Fools' Day jokes" article.
Proven hoaxes of exposure.
"Proven hoaxes of exposure" are semi-comical or private sting operations. They usually encourage people to act foolishly or credulously by falling for patent nonsense that the hoaxer deliberately presents as reality. See also "culture jamming".
Journalistic hoaxes.
Deliberate hoaxes, or journalistic fraud, that drew widespread attention include: