Manisch

Manisch refers either to a dialect of Rotwelsch (especially in the vicinity of greater Gießen, Germany) or a speaker thereof (plural: "Manische" or "Manen"). The term "Manisch" however, is also understood primarily throughout much of the German state of Hesse and parts of the Rhineland-Palatinate () to refer to the Manisch/Jenisch (alternatively "gypsy") elements of their vernacular. Several words are recognisably derived from Yiddish (e.g. "malocho", "work") or Romany (e.g. "pani", "water").