Pascalis Romanus

Pascalis Romanus (or Paschal the Roman) was a 12th-century priest, medical expert, and dream theorist, noted especially for his Latin translations of Greek texts on theology, oneirocritics, and related subjects. An Italian working in Constantinople, he served as a Latin interpreter for Emperor Manuel I Komnenos.
Oneirocriticism.
Pascalis compiled the "Liber thesauri occulti", a Latin book on dream interpretation, in 1165 but appears not to have completed it himself. The second book and the first part of the third were translated or adapted from the "Oneirocriticon" of Achmet and the classical treatise of Artemidoros. His are the earliest known Latin translations of excerpts from Artemidoros. In the first part of the work, Pascalis also draws on Aristotle, quoting from what he refers to as the "liber de naturis animalium".
Pascalis works within the dream classification system of Macrobius:
Elaborating on the three "true" types, Pascalis distinguishes each by the degree to which the soul achieves liberty from the body and by literary mode. In the "somnium", the soul perceives the future allegorically; in the "visio", historically; and in the "oraculum", prophetically. The future can sometimes be revealed directly, but often dreams rely on integument, allegory, and figure. Pascalis quotes the Solomon of the occult tradition as saying:
What Solomon means, Pascalis goes on to explain, is not that we should avoid the interpretation of dreams, but rather that we should recognize that "littera occidit, spiritus autem vivificat" ("the letter kills, but the spirit brings to life" ). Reason allows us to investigate the truth that is symbolized.
Steven Kruger has discussed the dream theory of Pascalis in the context of medical discourse, or "somatization," resulting from the introduction of new medical and scientific texts to Europe. While the "Liber thesauri occulti" draws on the tradition of humors, Pascalis goes beyond the connection Macrobius makes between "insomnium" and hunger or thirst to offer an elaborate psychosomatics. Where Macrobius had explained the "visum" in terms of an "incubus", Pascalis offers a complex medical explanation involving blood circulation, the bodily position of the sleeper, and humoral disposition.
Other translations.
In 1169, Pascalis translated the "Cyranides", a Hermetic magico-medical compilation. In his preface, he summarized his method:
Other Latin translations from Greek by Pascalis include the "Ystoria Beate Virginis Marie" by the 8th–9th-century priest and monk Epiphanios and the "Disputatio contra Judaeos" attributed (with difficulties of chronology) to Anastasios of Sinai.