Sexual abuse in primary and secondary schools

Sexual abuse in primary and secondary schools concerns child sexual abuse occurring in educational institutions from kindergarten through secondary education.
Phenomenon.
With teachers having much influence and close proximity to children, sexual abuse in schools occurs at high rates. A 1993 study performed by the American Association of University Women examined seventy-nine state schools in the United States, finding that 9.6% of students reported sexual abuse by teachers in the school setting.
The victims of school sexual abuse are often "vulnerable or marginal students".
By country.
Canada.
750 cases of abuse in Canadian schools were reported between 1997 and 2017, majority of them occurring in public schools.
Estonia.
In Estonia, the Tallinn Child Support Centre found that 1.3% among the pupils which are aged between fourteen and sixteen had reported rape (a total of 2006 surveys were returned).
France.
In April 2015, education official Najat Vallaud-Belkacem admitted that "16 teachers were allowed to work in schools last year despite holding previous convictions for paedophilia." An international NGO claimed that "Thousands of children in French schools have been sexually abused by paedophile teachers". In the same year, twenty-seven staff members in primary and secondary schools were fired for sexual abuse.
India.
In March 2000, a cross-sectional study of students in the 11th grade of eight higher secondary schools in Goa found that "Coercive sex had been experienced by approximately 6% of
adolescents." The pupils affected by this experienced higher rates of substance abuse, poorer academic performance, as well as poor mental and physical health.
United Kingdom.
In "The New York Times", Stephen Castle documented:
Since 2012, "425 people have been accused of carrying out sexual attacks at UK boarding schools".
United States.
In the United States, "roughly 290,000 students experienced some sort of physical sexual abuse by a public school employee from 1991 to 2000—a single decade, compared with the roughly five-decade period examined in the study of Catholic priests."
A federal report estimated that in the state of California, "422,000 California public-school students would be victims before graduation".
The United States Department of Education withheld US$4 million from Chicago Public Schools "for what federal officials say is a failure to protect students from sexual abuse."
Zimbabwe.
In Zimbabwe, a 2001 study found that 70% of the time, Sexual intercourse through physical abuse was present by teacher perpetrators in primary schools, with 98% of the victims being females.
Prevention.
By 1988, prevention programs and materials with regard to school sexual abuse came into vogue. Problems associated with these, however, include "emphasising a simple solution to a complex social problem and contributing to victim blaming."
Despite the prevalence of these prevention programs and materials, multiple studies have demonstrated that "teachers use programs spasmodically and selectively, omitting the essential concepts relating to children's rights".