Alquerque

Alquerque (also known as Qirkat from ) is a strategy board game that is thought to have originated in the Middle East. It is considered to be the parent of draughts (US: "checkers") and Fanorona.
History.
The game first appears in literature late in the 10th century when Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani mentioned Qirkat in his 24-volume work "Kitab al-Aghani" ("Book of Songs"). This work, however, made no mention of the rules of the game. 
In "Board and Table Games from Many Civilizations", R. C. Bell writes that "when the Moors invaded Spain they took El-quirkat with them". Rules are included in "Libro de los juegos" ("Book of games") commissioned by Alfonso X of Castile in the 13th century.
Spanish settlers in New Mexico introduced a four-player variant of Alquerque to the Zuni.
Rules.
Before starting, each player places their twelve pieces in the two rows closest to them and in the two rightmost spaces in the center row. The game is played in turns, with one player taking white and the other black.
The goal of the game is to eliminate the opponent's pieces.
Additional rules.
R. C. Bell developed additional rules, saying those given by Alfonso X "are not sufficient to play a game".
These extra rules are:
Bell also includes a scoring system for rating games.