Type erasure

In programming languages, type erasure is the load-time process by which explicit type annotations are removed from a program, before it is executed at run-time. Operational semantics that do not require programs to be accompanied by types are called "type-erasure semantics", to be contrasted with "type-passing semantics". The possibility of giving type-erasure semantics is a kind of abstraction principle, ensuring that the run-time execution of a program does not depend on type information. In the context of generic programming, the opposite of type erasure is called reification. 
Type inference.
The reverse operation is called type inference. Though type erasure can be used as an easy way to define typing over implicitly typed languages (an implicitly typed term is well-typed if and only if it is the erasure of a well-typed explicitly typed lambda term), it does not always lead to an algorithm to check implicitly typed terms.