Canadian Cancer Society

The Canadian Cancer Society () is Canada's largest national cancer charity and the largest national charitable funder of cancer research in Canada.
History.
The idea to form the Canadian Cancer Society originally came from the Saskatchewan Medical Association in 1929, when they formed Canada's first cancer committee.
In 1937, the National Study Committee recommended the formation of new organization, which was later called Canadian Cancer Society for the control of cancer.
The Society was officially formed a decade later, in 1938, to educate Canadians about the early warning signs of cancer. At that time, many people did not seek medical help until their cancer had advanced past a treatable stage.
In 1947, the Society began funding cancer research through the creation of the National Cancer Institute of Canada, an agreement between the Canadian Cancer Society and the Federal Department of Health and Welfare. The Society continues to fund cancer research today the Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute.
In February 2017, the Canadian Cancer Society announced that it would merge with the Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation in an effort to reduce redundancies and operating costs. The merged operation will continue to operate as the Canadian Cancer Society.
Mission.
The Canadian Cancer Society is a national, community-based organization of volunteers whose mission is the eradication of cancer and the enhancement of the quality of life of people who have cancer. The Canadian Cancer Society is Canada's largest national cancer charity and the country's largest national charitable funder of cancer research.
Relying on donor and volunteer support, the Canadian Cancer Society fulfills its mission by:
Organization.
The Canadian Cancer Society consists of:
Public accountability for the organization rests at the national level. The national Board of Directors has 18 volunteer representatives from across Canada. The President and CEO of the Canadian Cancer Society is Lynne Hudson.
Fundraising.
Daffodils.
The logo for the Canadian Cancer Society is the daffodil. The flower had served as a symbol of cancer awareness since the 1950s, when volunteers for the Society organized a fundraising tea in Toronto; the volunteers used daffodils to decorate the tables, as they thought it would create hope that cancer could be beaten.
The use of daffodils for fundraising began in 1956, when volunteers handed out daffodils at Toronto-area restaurants, as means to spread the message about cancer awareness; at first, the daffodils were given to the patrons, just to get the word out about cancer, but when some wanted to pay for the flowers or make a donation, it was realized that the daffodils could be used as a fundraising tool for the Society.
This led to the first "daffodil days" in the spring of 1957, when Society volunteers in Toronto raised over $1,200 on sales of daffodils. As the first flower of spring, the daffodil became a symbol of hope in the fight against cancer and "daffodil days" fundraising events spread throughout the rest of Canada and amongst cancer organizations around the world, including the American Cancer Society, the Irish Cancer Society and The Cancer Council Australia.
Today, the Society is the world's largest purchaser of daffodils. In 2000, the Canadian Cancer Society adopted the daffodil as part of its logo, replacing the sword and snakes logo, which symbolized the rod of Asclepius, the dominant symbol for professional healthcare associations in North America. Many cancer organizations have also incorporated the daffodil in their logos including The Cancer Council Australia, Irish Cancer Society and Marie Curie Cancer Care, although the American Cancer Society continues to use a rod of Asclepius-styled logo.
"Relay For Life".
"Relay For Life" is the Canadian Cancer Society's signature fundraising event. "Relay For Life" is a non-competitive, outdoor, overnight relay held in hundreds of communities across Canada every year. The 12-hour relay brings teams of 10 people together to take turns walking, running or wheeling around a track from 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. Main events include a Survivors' Victory Lap, a luminary ceremony to remember loved ones lost to cancer as well as anything from karaoke to bingo to help keep people energized throughout the night. In 2009, the event raised more than $52 million for the Society at 474 events across Canada.
Cops for Cancer.
The first Cops for Cancer program started in 1994 when Sergeant Gary Goulet, an Edmonton police officer with a shaved head, posed for a picture with a young cancer patient. The officer wanted to support the boy, who was being ridiculed at school because of his hair loss. Since then law enforcement and emergency services officers from across Canada have held Cops for Cancer fundraising events for the Canadian Cancer Society. During these events, each year hundreds of police, officials, and members of the public shave their heads to raise money to support children with cancer and their families. Other fundraising activities from this group include golf tournaments and elite sporting events. Since it began, the program has raised over $32.8 million.
Thing-a-my-boob.
Introduced in 2005 the Thing-a-ma-boob, is an educational keyring made of four different sized beads each indicating the various sized lumps that can be detected through regular breast self-exams, physical exams by a healthcare professional, 1st mammogram, to regular mammograms.
Money raised from the sale of the Thing-a-ma-boob will go towards funding breast cancer research, providing support services for victims and their families, as well as prevention and advocacy initiatives.
Activities.
The Canadian Cancer Society offers a variety of information and support services to Canadians including:
Big Tobacco Lies is a campaign run by the Tobacco Industry Action Committee to provide outreach and information on tobacco use. The group lobbied for Bill 45, the Making Healthier Choices act, which was passed in May 2015.
Research.
The Canadian Cancer Society is the largest national charitable funder of cancer research. Cancer research is funded through the Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute. Using a peer review process, research grants and training opportunities are funded for all types of cancer and include basic laboratory research, clinical trials as well as behavioral, psychosocial and population-based cancer research.
The survival rate for Canadians with cancer to survive at least 5 years jumped from 25% in the 1940s to over 60% as of 2016. In 2015-2016, the Canadian Cancer Society funded over 350 projects and $44 million in research in three aspects; prevention, basic/biomedical/translational, and quality of life.
The Canadian Cancer Society created the Research Information Outreach Teams (RIOT) in Kingston, London, Toronto, and Ottawa with university students and young scientists focused on community outreach.
Notable research that the Canadian Cancer Society has funded includes:
The Canadian Cancer Society also advocates on behalf of Canadians by encouraging governments to pass public policies that will help prevent cancer and help people who have cancer. Issues the Society advocates for include tobacco control, ornamental use of pesticides, health systems reform, occupational carcinogen exposure, cancer screening and gene patenting.
The Canadian Cancer Society gives out four research awards in the advancement in the field of cancer research. The Robert L. Noble Prize is given for achievements in basic biomedical cancer research. The O. Harold Warwick Prize is given to researchers who made accomplishments in cancer control research.


Phulo Jhano Murmu Medical College and Hospital

Phulo Jhano Murmu Medical College and Hospital is a tertiary referral Government Medical college. The college is affiliated to Sido Kanhu Murmu University and is recognized by Medical Council of India. The hospital associated with the college is one of the largest hospitals in the Dumka district.
History.
It was established in 2019
Curriculum.
Phulo Jhano Murmu Medical College and Hospital, Jharkhand undertakes education and training of students in MBBS courses.
The college offers The Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS).
Admissions.
Admission is based on merit through the National Eligibility and Entrance Test. Yearly undergraduate intake was 100 students for 2019.


Gabrielle Belz

Gabrielle T. Belz is an Australian molecular immunologist and viral immunologist. She is a faculty member of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, within the Molecular Immunology division. Belz has made important contributions to the understanding of immune system function, especially in relation to the molecular and cellular signalling pathways of immune response to viruses. Her research has focused on understanding the signals that drive the initial development of protective immunity against pathogen infections, such as influenza and herpes viruses. This includes research into how cytotoxic T cells (a type of T lymphocyte that destroys virally infected cells and tumor cells) recognise and remove virally-infected cells from the body following infection. Research into the description of the specific factors and response during infection will contribute towards the long term development of vaccines for infectious disease, and the development of better treatments for autoimmune diseases.
Education.
Belz trained as a veterinarian and completed her undergraduate studies at the University of Queensland graduating with a Bachelor of Veterinary Biology in 1990, then a Bachelor of Veterinary Science with First Class Honours in 1993. She completed a PhD in 1997 at the University of Queensland. Following her PhD, she took up a Postdoctoral Fellowship in viral immunology with Nobel Laureate Professor Peter Doherty at St Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, USA. She returned to Australia to take up a position with the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in 2000.
Belz was Editor-of-Chief of Immunology and Cell Biology until 2016, and is now deputy editor.
Awards.
In 2007 Belz was awarded the Burnet Prize (recognising the Australian virologist Sir Macfarlane Burnet) for her research into how dendritic cells and cytotoxic T cells work together to defend the body from viral infections. In 2008, Belz was awarded the Gottschalk Medal by the Australian Academy of Science for her contribution to a series of pioneering discoveries illuminating how the immune system deals with viruses. In 2012, Belz was awarded the NHMRC Elizabeth Blackburn Fellowships award (recognising the Australian-American biological researcher and Nobel Laureate, Professor Elizabeth Blackburn). In 2018 she was elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences.


Peter Richardson (politician)

Peter Anthony Richardson (born 23 January 1939) is an Australian doctor and former politician. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1975 to 1977, representing the Division of Tangney. He was elected as a member of the Liberal Party, but shortly before the 1977 federal election defected to the libertarian Progress Party and was an unsuccessful candidate for the Senate.
Early life.
Richardson was born in Perth, Western Australia, and graduated from the University of Western Australia in 1963. He trained at King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Fremantle Hospital, and the Royal Hospital for Women, qualifying as a member of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. From 1968 to 1970 he worked in England as a senior registrar at St. Luke's Hospital, Guildford, and as a consultant to the Welsh Hospital Board. He also undertook further training in laparoscopy and ultrasound, under Patrick Steptoe and Ian Donald respectively. Richardson worked in New York from 1970 to 1972 before returning to Perth in 1973.
Politics.
Richardson was elected to the House of Representatives at the 1975 federal election, standing for the Liberal Party in the Division of Tangney. He won the seat from John Dawkins of the Labor Party. He came into conflict with the Waterside Workers' Federation in January 1977, when he criticised workers for delaying the departure of the Antarctic supply ship MV "Nella Dan" by refusing to work in hot weather.
In September 1977, Richardson announced that he would quit politics after a single term, citing the government's failure to keep its election promises and its decision to close the Rhodesia Information Centre in Sydney. However, on 13 October he instead announced that he had defected to the Progress Party, a small libertarian party, and would be its lead Senate candidate in Western Australia at the 1977 federal election. He stated that he would stand for a "limited government platform, decentralisation and devolution of power from Canberra, and a true private-enterprise economy". His campaign for the Senate was unsuccessful, as the party polled just over 10,000 votes or 1.7 percent of the state total.
Later career.
Richardson returned to medicine after leaving politics, specialising in high-risk obstetrics and gynaecology and later in assisted reproductive technology. He held consultant and teaching appointments at Fremantle Hospital from 1986 to 1991. He later served as chairman of the National Association of Specialist Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (1991–1995) and national president of the Australian Association of Ambulatory Vaginal and Incontinence Surgeons (1995–2000). In 2010, Richardson joined Central Queensland University as an adjunct professor in the School of Medical and Applied Sciences.


National Center for Mental Health

The National Center for Mental Health (), is a 4,200-bed psychiatric hospital occupying 47 hectares of land in the city of Mandaluyong, Philippines. It is PhilHealth-accredited.
History.
Formerly known as the Insular Psychopathic Hospital, the Mandaluyong Mental Hospital, and the National Mental Hospital, was established on 17 December 1928. It was founded in order to accommodate the increasing number of mental patients and other patients with related nervous system conditions who, in 1925, were being taken cared of by two hospitals, namely the San Lazaro Hospital (in its "Insane Department") and the City Sanitarium in the Philippines.
The insane asylum hospital was built under "Philippine Public Works Act No. 3258" at a location in Barrio Mauway, Mandaluyong, Rizal near the City of Manila. Patients from the San Lazaro Hospital were transferred to the National Center for Mental Health in 1928. Patients from the City Sanitarium were transferred in 1935. The National Center for Mental Health is currently under the Department of Health of the Philippines.
With the increasing number of patients being admitted, the center has resorted to soliciting donations from private sectors.
Controversy.
There was a controversy at the center in 2012 because of the unexpected death of a 41-year old male patient. The patient was confined in the hospital since 1998 due to paranoid schizophrenia attributed to drug abuse. The National Bureau of Investigation got involved, but the questioned remained whether the death was a medico-legal or homicide case.


North York General Hospital

North York General Hospital (NYGH) is a teaching hospital in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Primarily serving the North York district, as well as southern York Region, it offers acute care, ambulatory and long-term services at multiple sites. It is one of Canada's leading community academic hospitals and is affiliated with the University of Toronto. NYGH is one of the three constituent hospitals of the Peters-Boyd Academy of the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine.
History.
North York General Hospital at Leslie Street and Sheppard Avenue was opened in 1968. The four founding partners were: Friends of North York General (later to become the North York General Hospital Foundation); the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (IODE), a Canadian women's charitable organization; the Missionary Health Institute; and Volunteer Services. In 1960, a group of local citizens established the North Metropolitan Hospital Association to explore building a hospital to serve the growing area of North York. Under the leadership of Colonel Clifford Sifton, plans were made and funds raised for a 70-bed community hospital on the corner of Leslie and Sheppard. By November 1962, land on the Leslie site was obtained. Some 3,000 volunteers collected $3.2 million of the $8.6 million cost of the new hospital. On March 15, 1968, Premier John Robarts officially dedicated North York General Hospital.
The hospital underwent a major expansion that opened in 2003.
On 1 April 2003 a nurse was infected with SARS. Dr. Donald Low recalls poring over patient charts throughout the Victoria Day weekend, held that year on 19 May, when he hypothesized that a disease that caused the emergency that the province had declared finished a few days earlier was actually still spreading among health-care workers and hospital patients. Low resumed containment efforts and it took a city-wide effort to beat the outbreak completely. On July 2, the WHO removed Toronto from the list of affected cities. In Canada, health-care workers made up 43 per cent of SARS cases.
North York General encompassed satellite sites, such as Branson Ambulatory Care Centre and the Seniors' Health Centre and Reactivation Care Centre. On March 1, 2017, North York General Hospital announced the hospital would not be renewing its lease at the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre in 2019 and would begin to transition services from that site. On December 10, 2017, the Reactivation Care Centre: A Central LHIN Hospitals Collaborative opened at 2111 Finch Avenue West. In May 2018, the hospital announced two new locations would replace the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre.
In 2019, North York General Hospital was ranked the second best hospital in Canada and one of the top 100 hospitals world by Newsweek.
Services.
The General site is located at Leslie Street and Sheppard Avenue in north central Toronto. It offers services including inpatient acute care services and a 24-hour full service emergency. The Charlotte & Lewis Steinberg Emergency at the General site is a full-service emergency. In the 2019-2020 fiscal year there were 28,100 inpatient stays with an average length of stay of 5.1 days. The hospital emergency department had 118,800 visits in 2019-20.
The Cancer Program provides treatment for many types of cancers, including breast, colon, prostate, gynecological and urinary.
Other services in the hospital include family and community medicine, genetics testing, maternal and pediatric care, diagnostic imaging, geriatric care, mental health, surgeries
Satellite sites.
Branson Ambulatory Care Centre.
The Branson Ambulatory Care Centre is located at Bathurst Street and Finch Avenue West. It opened in 1957 as the North York Branson Hospital by the Seventh-day Adventist Church. It was named for Mr. William Henry Branson, an Adventist missionary and President of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. In 1997 it became part of North York General Hospital (as NYGH-Branson Division) after the final report by the Health Services Retructuring Commission. On March 1, 2017, North York General Hospital announced the hospital would not be renewing its lease at the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre in 2019 and would begin to transition services from that site. In May 2018, the hospital announced two new locations would replace the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is currently being used as a COVID-19 assessment centre. The assessment centre occupies the former Urgent Care Centre.
Seniors' Health Centre and Reactivation Care Centre.
The Seniors' Health Centre opened in 1985 and is located at 2 Buchan Court (Leslie and Sheppard). It houses both a long-term care home with 192 beds and Specialized Geriatric Services. These services are aimed at seniors with medical or mental health problems that threaten their independence or the ability to live at home. Along with the day hospital, the Seniors' Health Centre offers many elder care clinics.
The Reactivation Care Centre is a collaborative and innovative approach designed to help patients who no longer need acute care services, but often find themselves waiting for an alternate care facility, such as convalescent and long-term care. NYGH has a patient unit in the centre.


Solagran

Solagran Limited is an Australian pharmaceutical company which has developed a range of biologically-active multifaceted therapeutic substances derived from the live elements of the green needles of certain species of conifer tree known as "Bioeffectives".
History.
Solagran brings together a significant history . Research into "Bioeffectives" has been undertaken for a period of approximately 80 years involving more than 3.5 million PhD. and DSc. research hours (encompassing 74 PhD.s and 80 DSc.s), making it arguably the most substantial botanicals research program ever undertaken. The extent of the effort is evidenced by the fact that the company's intellectual property encompasses 22 patents .
The "Bioeffectives" story began in Russia in the early 1930s. Intrigued by the vitality of conifer trees that remain disease free in temperature extremes ranging from ± 40 degrees Celsius, and in daylight of between 2 and 22 hours per day, a scientific team at the St Petersburg Forest Technical Academy began its investigation into the composition of the conifer tree needles. They discovered that, in conifer trees just as in our own bodies, specific combinations of compounds are responsible for health and vital functions.
During World War II, a precursor to "Bioeffective A", one of the company's "Bioeffectives", was approved by the Russian Surgeon General for use by the military and civilian population as a multivitamin, anti-bacterial wound-healing substance. According to Solagran, it also helped save many lives during the 900-day siege of Leningrad (now St Petersburg).
Over the following decades, new products were developed and trialled in leading Russian and European institutions for medical, cosmetic, agricultural and veterinary applications. Between 1950 and 1975, several "Bioeffectives" were entered into the Russian Pharmacopoeia and used on a national scale. "Bioeffectives" were also used with great success to treat people exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl disaster.
In 1990, one of the leaders of the research effort in the Soviet Union, Dr Vagif Soultanov, now Executive Chairman of Solagran, went to Australia to work at their Government's peak scientific body, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, as part of an inter-government scientific exchange programme.
In 1995, the Australian company Solagran was formed to fund the ongoing R&D effort. In 1998, ownership of all intellectual property associated with "Bioeffectives" was transferred to Solagran. After over three decades of working in the pharmaceutical industry Solagrans managing director gave his position to his brother in-law after the passing of his wife.
The company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in 2003. Since then, in conjunction with the St Petersburg Forest Technical Academy, Solagran has completed a large number of pre-clinical and clinical trials.
Ownership.
Solagran was a public company. Its shares are widely owned.
Solagran (stock code:SLA) was listed on the ASX. Its securities were also traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange (stock code: SLA.F).
Activity and Medical Conditions.
In contrast to conventional pharmaceuticals, "Bioeffectives" display multifaceted therapeutic activity. To date, successful clinical trials have been conducted with respect to a number of medical conditions including liver diseases, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal problems, and colds and flu, to name just a few.
The efficacious nature of "Bioeffectives" is at odds with conventional medicine. Mainstream pharmacology dictates that the active ingredient should be a single molecule, or small number of molecules. Side-effects are an accepted consequence of potency. In fact, pharmacologists speak of efficacy to side-effect ratios. The fact that "Bioeffectives" display such a high degree of efficacy, while causing few if any side-effects, is anathema to the industry.
"Bioeffectives" variously contain compounds known as polyprenols, long-chain isoprenoid alcohols that play a vital role in cell metabolism. Polyprenols are similar to compounds found in the cells of humans and animals known as dolichols. Research indicates that ingested polyprenols are metabolised by human and animal liver into dolichols which then take part in the dolichol phosphate cycle, which is why "Bioeffectives" are so easily assimilated by humans and animals, and have such high efficacy and low toxicity.
The isolation of "Bioeffectives" involves patented extraction technology. The process uses a soft extraction procedure that enables the polyprenols to be extracted without destroying their biologically-active properties.
Manufacturing.
The manufacture of "Bioeffectives" is a key component of Solagran's intellectual property.
Solagran products are manufactured by SibEX, a specialist manufacturer of plant-based extracts headquartered in Tomsk in central Siberia. The facility is the world's first and, at this stage, only commercial polyprenols manufacturing facility .
Products.
The following Solagran products are commercialised:
"Ropren".
"Ropren" has been the subject of extensive trials to determine its efficacy and safety in the treatment of liver disease . In 2007, "Ropren" was approved by the Russian Ministry of Health for entry into the Russian Pharmacopoeia as an effective treatment for liver disease. As such, it is the only natural medication of Russian origin to be registered in Russia for over 20 years.
The trials in Russia also showed that "Ropren" had wider application than liver disease. This included the ability to normalise immune response and normalise cholesterol levels, as well as alleviate the symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders (including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease), alcoholism , drug addiction and depression. A trial conducted at the Brain Sciences Institute at Swinburne University in Melbourne, Australia, reported in 2006, confirmed certain neurocognitive effects of Ropren identified previously in Russia .
Solagran was awarded a Manufacturing License in 2008 . In January 2010, the company received from the Russian Health Control Authority a Pharmaceutical Wholesale Distribution License. Commercial sales of "Ropren" in Russia for the treatment of a number of liver diseases commenced in February 2010 .
"Bioeffective A".
Approximately 50 human clinical trials in relation to "Bioeffective A" have so far been conducted in Russia at various prestigious scientific institutions including the St. Petersburg S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy and the St. Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene.
No side-effects from the use of "Bioeffective A" were evident, except for six cases of individual intolerance when it was applied topically in concentrations well above that required for therapeutic efficacy to elicit an adverse reaction.
A 2006 review by Dr Vladimir G. Bespalov of the N.N. Petrov State Scientific Institute of Oncology presented the results of studies of CGNC and CGNC-based products as used in various fields of medicine.
"Bioeffective A" has been listed on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods since 2006 .
Current major studies into "Bioeffective A" are being undertaken in conjunction with:
In conjunction with both the Pasteur Institute and the N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, Solagran is currently undertaking a series of phased multi-centre clinical trials aimed at achieving full pharmaceutical registration of "Bioeffective A" in Europe.
"Bioeffective A" has been available for purchase and use in both Australia and New Zealand since 2007 as "Bioeffective A" 320 capsules.


Jun Matsumoto (politician)

 is a Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party, a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature). A native of Yokohama, Kanagawa and graduate of Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, he worked at the Japanese pharmaceutical company SSP Co., Ltd. from 1974 to 1978 and then at the pharmacy called from 1978 to 2003. Meantime, he was elected to the first of his three terms in the assembly of Yokohama in 1990, and then to the House of Representatives for the first time in 1996.
On January 18 2021, 10 days after the declaration of state emergency due to COVID-19, Matsumoto was spotted violating lockdown rules by visiting a restaurant and two hostess bars at night. Additionally, he first affirmed having been there alone and only met the establishment's manager, before admitting he was accompanied by fellow governing party officials Takashi Otsuka and Taido Tanose whom he had invited, and by female staff of the hostess bars.


Cathrin Brisken

Cathrin Brisken (born in 1967 in Osnabrück, Germany) is a German and Swiss medical doctor, researcher, and professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). Her research focuses on the mechanisms of hormonal control in breast cancer development.
Career.
Cathrin Brisken obtained a doctoral degree in medicine in 1992 and a PhD in biophysics in 1993 from the University of Göttingen. She then pursued postdoctoral work in the laboratory of Robert Weinberg at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, MIT. In 2001, she was named assistant professor at the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center. In 2002, she moved to Switzerland to work as an associate scientist at the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Lausanne. In 2005, she was named tenure-track assistant professor at EPFL, where she was promoted to associate professor in 2012. In January 2020, she was appointed professor at the Institute for Cancer Research in London, where she acts part time and leads the Laboratory of Endocrine Control Mechanisms and the Laboratory of In vivo Modelling.
In 2015, she co-founded the International Cancer Prevention Institute together with Gian-Paolo Dotto.
Research.
Postdoctoral work.
During her postdoctoral studies in Robert Weinberg's laboratory, Cathrin Brisken combined "in vivo" tissue reconstitution approaches with mouse genetics, thereby contributing to the understanding that the female sex hormones, estrogens, progesterone, and prolactin act at sequential stages of mammary gland development, with the mammary epithelium as primary target. She also showed that steroid hormones act by paracrine mechanisms and identified specific secreted Wnt factors as essential mediators of progesterone.
As group leader.
Cathrin Brisken established her own group at EPFL in 2005. Research in her laboratory focuses on the cellular and molecular bases of estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptor signaling in the breast and the respective roles of these hormones and hormonally active compounds in breast carcinogenesis. Brisken's laboratory aims to understand how recurrent exposures to endogenous and exogenous hormones contribute to breast cancer development in order to better prevent and treat the disease.
Brisken's laboratory has proposed novel genetic "in vivo" approaches and develops "ex vivo" and xenograft models using patient samples to study hormone action in human tissues in normal settings and during disease progression. In 2011, it provided evidence that bisphenol A, a common component of consumer products, has persistent effects on mammary gland development of female embryos whose mothers are exposed to environmentally-relevant doses, pointing to epigenetic events influencing life time breast cancer risk during a perinatal window.
Distinctions.
Cathrin Brisken is a member of the Biological Protocol Working Group of the International Breast Cancer Study Group and of the Pezcoller Symposia Scientific Standing Committee. She served as the Dean of the EPFL Doctoral School from 2012 to 2014, as a member of the Hinterzartener Kreis for cancer research, of the oncology think-tank associated with the German Science Foundation, and of various Swiss, European, and AACR committees. She was a member of the Women in Cancer Research Council of the American Association for Cancer Research from 2016 to 2020.
Personal life.
Cathrin Brisken is married to fellow cancer researcher Gian-Paolo Dotto and they have three children. She speaks eight languages including English.


Judyth Watson

Judyth Watson (born 8 March 1940) is an Australian former politician.
Early life.
Watson was born in Burton-on-Trent, England to Cecil and Hylda Watson in 1940. She emigrated to Australia in 1949 and went to school at Perth Modern School. After working as a nurse, Watson completed a Bachelor of Science degree in 1977. In 1981 she completed a PhD studying workers compensation.
Political career.
In 1986 Watson was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly for the electorate of Canning. On election she and Carmen Lawrence were the first female members of the WA Parliament to hold a PhD.
Watson was appointed as Minister for Aboriginal Affairs; Multicultural and Ethnic Affairs; and Seniors in February 1991 under Premier Carmen Lawrence. She was appointed Minister for Women's Interests in September 1992. She served in Cabinet until February 1993.
When the electorate was dissolved in 1989 she was elected to the electorate of Kenwick. After serving two terms, the seat was abolished and she unsuccessfully stood for the new electorate of Southern River.
Watson was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours for "service to the community of Western Australia, and to social justice".


Calgary Health Trust

The Calgary Health Foundation are raising funds for enhanced technology, programs and services at the Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Rockyview General Hospital, Women's Health and Carewest continuing care centres.
Since 1996, the Calgary Health Foundation has raised more than $246 million from donations, lotteries and special events. In 2007/08, the Calgary Health Foundation raised $35.9 million to help provide the resources for health care.
The Calgary Health Foundation supports excellence in health care by encouraging, coordinating and allocating donations to health care priorities in the Calgary area. Funds are raised through a variety of ways – including hospital sites, estate planning and well-known special events and lotteries.
Reach!
Reach!, is a joint fundraising initiative between the Calgary Health Foundation, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services. Through the gifts of more than 700 donors, over $312 million has been raised.
Launched in October 2005 and based on a strong core of community volunteers, Reach! set out to raise $300 million in targeted philanthropic gifts for over 100 projects in medical research, education, patient care, and public health and wellness.


Rena Owen

Rena Owen (born 22 July 1962) is a New Zealand actress in theatre, television and film. Owen is best known for her leading role as Beth Heke in Lee Tamahori's "Once Were Warriors" and as Taun We in George Lucas's "".
Early life.
Born in the New Zealand Bay of Islands, Owen is of Maori, Welsh, and other European descent. One of nine children, she grew up in Moerewa, raised Catholic in a small rural town in the North Island's Bay of Islands. She regularly performed in local Maori culture groups and performed in dramas and musicals while in high school. Owen pursued a medical career and trained as a nurse at Auckland Hospital for three and a half years. Once she qualified as a registered nurse, Owen moved to London, England.
Career.
Owen trained at the Actors Institute in London in the mid-1980s and worked extensively in British theatre. Highlights include Voices From Prison for the Royal Shakespeare Company, Co-Existences for the Elephant Theatre and Outside in for Theater New Zealand, which debuted at the Edinburgh Festival. Owen wrote and starred in "Te Awa i Tahuti (The River That Ran Away)", which had a successful London tour and was later published by NZ Playmarket in 1991.
On her return to New Zealand in 1989, Owen acted in two dramas for Television NZ's "E Tipu E Rea" series. A first of its kind, the series was written, acted, directed & produced by Maori, telling Maori stories. She worked extensively in theatre; acting, writing, directing, working as a dramaturge, and was a founding member of Taki Rua Theatre. Owen wrote and starred in "Daddy's Girl", while also playing reoccurring roles in two TV series; "Betty's Bunch & Shark in the Park". Recent theatre credits include starring in the classic NZ plays, "Haruru Mai" for the NZ International Arts Festival and "The Pohutukawa Tree" for ATC. In the USA, she has acted in multiple stage readings for Native Voices at the Autry in LA, and a charity stage reading of "Vagina Monologues" for the City of West Hollywood. She also played the lead in a Hawaiian play called "Fine Dancing", adapted and directed Toa Fraser's play "Bare" for the Asian American Theatre Company in San Francisco (AATC).
In "Once Were Warriors", Owen played the leading role of Beth Heke alongside Temuera Morrison, who played her husband. "Once Were Warriors" is predominantly narrated from Beth's perspective, and her performance was praised as "classic". Owen reprised the role in the film's sequel, "What Becomes of the Broken Hearted?" (1999).
Owen played Taun We in George Lucas' ', Nee Alavar in ', and a cameo role in Steven Spielberg's "A.I." Whilst playing a reoccurring role in WB's "Angel", Owen played supporting and cameo roles in multiple international independent films. Highlights include the NZ Canadian co-production, "Nemesis Game", Garth Maxwell's "When Love Comes", Rolf de Heer's acclaimed "Dance Me to My Song", Vincent Ward's acclaimed "Rain of the Children", and US thrillers "Alyce Kills" & "The Well". She played leading roles in the Australian TV drama series, "Medivac" in 1998, and recently in ABC's, "The Straits", a multi-ethnic crime family drama. She also appeared in A&E's "Longmire".
Recently Owen and Morrison completed work on a documentary celebrating the 20-year anniversary of "Once Were Warriors".
In 2016, Rena was cast in the Freeform thriller series' "Siren" as Helen, which was premiered on March 29, 2018.
"Star Wars".
Owen acted as Taun We in ' (2002) (in which Temuera Morrison played Jango Fett) and acted in ' (2005) as Nee Alavar. She also worked with the "Star Wars" Expanded Universe when she reprised her role as Taun We in the video game "" and also an uncredited role as Jedi Master Tionne Solusar in the video game "."
Awards.
Her role in "Once Were Warriors" earned Owen rave reviews and multiple international awards including Best Actress at the Montreal World Film Festival, Oporto Film Festival, San Diego International Film Festival, and the Cannes Film Festival Spirit Award. In New Zealand, she was awarded a Special Benny Award for Excellence in Film, and the Toastmasters Communicator of the Year Award.
Further acting accolades include a Best Supporting Actress nomination for her role in the 1997 New Zealand TV Series, "Coverstory" and an AFI Best Supporting Actress nomination in 1998 for her role in Rolf de Heer's film, "Dance Me to My Song". She won the Best Supporting Actress Award at the 2012 Aotearoa Film and Television Awards (AFTA) for her role as Hine Ryan in the New Zealand soap opera "Shortland Street". She was nominated for Best Supporting Actress for her recurring role as Mere Hahunga in the award-winning Australian TV series, "East West 101", at the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts, and nominated for Best Actress at the Montecarlo International Television Festival.


Paul J. Allison

Paul J. Allison is a British-Canadian clinician-scientist and oral surgeon. He is the immediate former dean of the McGill University Faculty of Dentistry and is the current president of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences.
Early life and education.
Paul Allison obtained his BDS degree from University College London in 1986 after which he completed his Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery training. In 1994 he completed an MSc in the specialty of Dental Public Health at the same institution. He completed his PhD at McGill University in 1998.
Career.
He was appointed dean of the Faculty of Dentistry at McGill in 2008, a position he held until 2018. In 2019, he was one of 27 research, policy, advocacy & clinical dentistry experts globally and one of two Canadians on the landmark Lancet Commission on Oral Health.
He previously held the position of President of the Association of Canadian Faculties of Dentistry (ACFD) from 2015-2020.
Awards.
He received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2013 recognizing his contributions to Canadian society.
He was one of six top Canadian health researchers to be appointed to the Governing Council of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) in 2018.


Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital and Research Center

Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College Hospital and Research Center is a full-fledged medical college in Nashik, Maharashtra. The college imparts the degree Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS). It is recognised by the Medical Council of India.
Selection to the college is done on the basis of merit through the National Eligibility and Entrance Test. Yearly undergraduate student intake is 120.


Elaine Reese

Jeanne Elaine Reese is an American-New Zealand psychology academic.
Academic career.
After a PhD at Emory University on early-childhood literacy, Reese moved to the University of Otago, where she rose to full professor in 2012. Reese has received four Marsden grants from the Royal Society of New Zealand.
Reese's work involves longitudinal studies of language and story formation in childhood and youth. In 2013, "The Atlantic" published her piece, "What Kids Learn From Hearing Family Stories", based on her research.
In 2019, Reese was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand.


Albert Thomas Dryer

Albert Thomas Dryer (1 March 1888 – 11 April 1963) was an Australian medical doctor and supporter of Irish republicanism. The founder of the Irish National Association of Australasia (INA) and the Australian League for an Undivided Ireland, Dryer was a noted campaigner on behalf of the Irish community in Australia and the republican cause.
Early life and education.
Born in the Sydney suburb of Balmain, Albert Thomas Dryer was the son of an Irish mother, Mary Ann Cusick, and a German–Irish father, Albert James Dryer. His father died when he was young, and his mother remarried. He began his education in Singleton, New South Wales, in the Hunter Valley, where he lived with his maternal grandmother, and later in Sydney in 1896-1904, then at night schools. When he finished school he found work in Melbourne as a clerk with the Department of Trade and Customs.
In 1909, Dryer was transferred to Sydney, and entered the University of Sydney to study English literature. He was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1914, and it was about this time that Dryer's interest in Irish culture, history, and politics was awakened.
Activism.
On 21 July 1915, at a meeting of 18 Irish people in Sydney, Dryer proposed the establishment of the Irish National Association of Australasia, to preserve the notion of Irish sovereignty in Australia.
On Monday, 17 June 1918, Albert Dryer and six other INA office-bearers were arrested under emergency war-time regulations, and imprisoned without trial. The seven were accused of membership of the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and were held in Sydney’s Darlinghurst Prison for several months. Six were released on 19 December 1918, but Albert Dryer was held until 11 February 1919.
For his entire life, Dryer remained the central figure of the Irish National Association of Australasia, helping secure the land for its premises in Devonshire St, Surry Hills. He was instrumental in organising Éamon de Valera's controversial visit to Australia in 1948.
Medical career.
After failing in such ventures as book-keeping, coaching and shopkeeping, including his own Academic Coaching College, he attended Sydney Technical College, graduating with an associate degree in science and biology in 1926; and, in 1929, he passed first-year medicine at the university without attending lectures. In 1932, he borrowed money to enter medical school full-time and graduated with an M.B., B.S. in 1938.
Death and legacy.
Dryer died of cancer in Lewisham Hospital, Sydney, on 11 April 1963, survived by his wife and son. A devout Roman Catholic, he was buried in Sedgfield Cemetery at Singleton.
The INA's library at its premises in Devonshire St, Sydney is named in his memory.
Personal life.
Dryer had married Elizabeth Ellen Haynes, on 29 April 1933 at St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney. They had been engaged since 1915, but not married until then because of the insecurity of his employment. Their only child, Albert Benjamin, was born in 1934.
Dryer set up his own practice at Fairfield, New South Wales in 1940, and then moved his family and practice to Singleton after the Second World War.
According to his biographer and friend Professor Patrick O'Farrell:
Dryer never visited Ireland, but his devotion to the cause of Irish independence, and particularly the party of de Valera was constant, selfless and total. With great ability and remarkable strength of character and purpose, he was essentially a romantic idealist to whom Ireland represented all that was noble in human affairs. His high intelligence and gentlemanly disposition stopped him well short of any fanaticism, but the realities of indifference and in-fighting which afflicted the Irish cause in Australia were a source of deep disappointment and frustration to him.


William Shaw (Quebec politician)

Frederick William "Bill" Shaw (October 13, 1932 – May 26, 2018) was a Canadian politician from Quebec.
Background.
He was born on October 13, 1932 in Montreal and was a dentist. He served in the Canadian Army in the 1950s. He graduated as an oral surgeon from McGill University in 1958.
Before he ran for office, he was a Progressive Conservative activist. He co-authored "Partition, The Price of Quebec's Independence" in 1980. He moved to Ontario in 2010 after retiring and died in Port Perry on May 26, 2018.
Provincial politics.
Shaw unsuccessfully ran as a Union Nationale candidate to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 1970 election in the district of Robert-Baldwin, finishing a distant third.
He was a leadership candidate to the party convention, held on May 22 and 23, 1976. He lost to Rodrigue Biron.
Shaw ran again for a seat to the legislature and won in the 1976 election in the district of Pointe-Claire, with 45% of the vote. By February 18, 1978, he sat as an Independent. He also briefly supported Les Démocrates in 1978.
He was defeated in the district of Jacques-Cartier as an Independent in the 1981 election and as an Equality Party candidate in the 1998 election.
Shaw was the leader of the "Freedom of Choice Party" until it ceased to exist in 1985.
Federal politics.
Shaw ran as an independent candidate in the federal district of Lachine—Lac-Saint-Louis in the 1993 federal election and as a Canadian Alliance candidate in the riding of Lac-Saint-Louis in the 2000 election. Both times, he lost to the Liberal candidate Clifford Lincoln, finishing in fifth place in 1993 and in third place in 2000.


Rivers State College of Health Science and Technology

Rivers State College of Health Science and Management Technology (RIVCOHSMAT) is a public higher education institution in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. It was established under the College of Health Science and Technology Law (2001). It consists of School of Health Technology, School of Public Health Nursing, School of Nursing and School of Midwifery.
Admission requirements.
RSCHST is open to all regardless of gender, race, color, creed or national origin. There's a minimum entry age of 16 years. Candidates for the College's certificate programs are required to pass the entrance exam. Diploma programs usually require JAMB score. If admitted to any, candidates may be called to submit themselves for interview or further examinations where applicable.


Tess Cramond

Teresa (Tess) Rita O’Rourke Cramond AO, OBE (1926-2015) was an Australian doctor and the director of the Multidisciplinary Pain Centre at the Royal Brisbane Hospital. Her career spanning fifty years, was dedicated to improving the use of anaesthesia, resuscitation and pain medicine, with specific reference to the relief of cancer pain and palliative care.
Teresa (Tess) Rita O’Rourke Brophy (later Cramond) was born on 26 February 1926 in Maryborough, Queensland to a devout Catholic family. Her father was a Railway Superintendent. Her three sisters also pursued higher education. Tess attended Eagle Junction State School and St Ursula's College in Toowoomba during World War II. In 1944, she won an Open Scholarship to study at the University of Queensland, where she enrolled in medicine. She was active in student life and resided at Women's College. She graduated in 1951.
Career.
Brophy commenced work as a Resident Medical Officer in 1951, at the Royal Brisbane Hospital. She was Senior Resident Medical Officer (Anaesthetist) in 1953 and Registrar the following year. She took a Diploma degree in Anaesthetics from the Royal College of Physicians, London and the Royal College of Surgeons, UK in 1955. She received the Nuffield Prize in the same year, and moved to London, where she was Anaesthetics Registrar at Poplar Hospital, London in 1955 and at the London Hospital in 1956. It was while she was in London, that she studied techniques that she would bring back to Australia. In time, she advocated for new trainees to receive similar experience in overseas clinics to develop their skills.
Brophy returned to Australia as Senior Anaesthetist in the Kenneth G Jamieson Neurosurgical Unit of the Royal Brisbane Hospital from 1957-1991 and pursued changes in the use of anaesthetia. She was Senior Honorary Anaesthetist at Mater Children's Hospital from 1958-1973.
In 1961, she and colleague Roger Bennett, demonstrated resuscitation techniques for use in surf lifesaving CPR. Their recommendations led to changes in rescue services and improved survival rates. Their work with the surf lifesaving association ultimately led to the signs required by all modern backyard and public pools, showing basic cardio pulmonary resuscitation, in conjunction with work by the Australian Resuscitation Council. After Roger Bennett's death in 1967 due to cancer, Brophy took up the challenging issue of pain management, but continued her commitment to surf lifesaving as their medical adviser for 30 years. She also advised the Queensland Electricity Commission's Safety Advisory Board from 1976-1987 on appropriate rescue and resuscitation techniques, for workers out in the field.
Brophy was made Director of the Multidisciplinary Pain Centre which she established at the Royal Brisbane Hospital in 1967, the second centre of its kind in Australia. It was renamed for her in 2008. She also served as a Consultant Anaesthetist and Army Officer Colonel (Retired) in the Royal Australian Army Medical Corps from 1977-1986. She was Professor of Anaesthetics at the University of Queensland from 1978-1993.
Brophy was a founding member of the Brisbane branch of the Order of Malta in 1974. This organization oversaw work in health and education projects in Timor Leste, the Mt Sion Eye Project in Papua New Guinea and for Mount Olivet Hospice Home Care Service in Brisbane.
Personal life.
Brophy married widower Dr Humphry Cramond in Brisbane, in 1985. Brophy and Cramond had known one another since their days as medical students. Cramond, whose practice was in Dalby moved to Brisbane where his wife's work was focused. Brophy took her husband's surname after their marriage.
Tess Cramond died on 26 December 2015. Her service was held at St Stephens Cathedral in Brisbane. Her husband Humphry predeceased her in 2014. She is buried beside her husband at Nudgee Cemetery. She was survived by her nieces, nephew and stepchildren.
Legacy.
Annual Tess Brophy Lecture


Sturgeon Community Hospital

Located just northwest of Edmonton, the Sturgeon Community Hospital is a 167-bed hospital that provides a wide variety of health services to the community of St. Albert and surrounding area.
Main services.
The Sturgeon Community Hospital offers many services.


Japan University of Health Sciences

 is a private university in Satte, Saitama, Japan, established in 2010.
The school has a Department of Nursing.


Richard Beasley (physician)

Charles Richard William Beasley is a New Zealand academic and as of 2019 is a full professor at the Victoria University of Wellington.
Academic career.
After studying medicine at the University of Otago, Beasley rose to full professor at Victoria University of Wellington, with connections to Wellington Hospital and the universities of Otago and University of Southampton.
Beasley has received multiple grants from Medical Research Institute of New Zealand.
In the 2008 Queen's Birthday Honours, Beasley was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to medical research, in particular asthma. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 2015. In 2019, he was awarded the Health Research Council of New Zealand 's Beaven Medal.


Amit Abraham

Amit Abraham (born 8th September 1965) is an Indian academician, author, scholar and psychologist. He has worked as the Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academics and Research) at the Mount Zion International University of Rwanda (MZIUR) ,Kigali, Rwanda, East Africa for the period 26th September 2018 to 31st July 2020. Prior to this he was the Registrar at Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India (March 2017 - March 2018). He has been the former principal of Scottish Church College, Kolkata, India (July 2015 - August 2016). He has served as the head of the postgraduate department of psychology at St. John's College, Agra (March 1991 to July 2015). He was teaching graduate and postgraduate classes along with supervision of research work. He had been actively involved in various offbeat research works related with the human psyche. He did his schooling from St. Joseph's College, Nainital and his post-graduation in psychology from the Delhi University. His PhD is in the area of personality as determined and influenced by the Zodiac signs of individuals. He has been the Coordinator of the National Commission For Minority Educational Institutions, New Delhi (Under the ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, New Delhi) for three consecutive terms (2005–2008). He is also the recipient of the U.P. Shikshak Samman for the year 2006, awarded by Bright Organization of Youth, Agra. He features in text books of various state governments, as an eminent Indian psychologist, which detail out his diversified contributions in the field of psychology and social causes.
His works.
Abraham has done extensive work on human sexuality and sexual attitudes. He has developed scales for the measurement of attitudes towards premarital sex, polygamy, pornography, lesbianism, and homosexuality. He has also developed scales for the measurement of values and vocational interest, self-monitoring, procrastination and a case study Performa. He has published research papers in diverse areas. He has authored textbooks and books for competitive examinations. He has also written books on general interest and self-help. He has contributed many articles in the leading daily Hindi newspapers and appeared on various talk shows in the local and state television including Moon T.V. (Agra), Sahara T.V. (Uttar Pradesh), and Sea T.V. (Uttar Pradesh and Uttranchal).
He is also the founder and head of Samvaidna,
 a mental health welfare organization registered under the Societies Registration Act (Registration No. 2016). The organization is providing free guidance, counseling, and therapy for various psychological problems. Abraham's organization also holds regular free guidance and counseling camps in the city of Agra. His organization has done extensive work in the district jail of Agra giving counseling and therapy to the prisoners. Drug de-addiction programs have also been carried out in the jail.
Abraham is also actively involved in offering psychological guidance and counseling via the internet to people. He is offering guidance and counseling through the column of a national youth magazine Trailblazer. He is also the consultant for the local print and electronic media giving interviews and talks on various psychological aspects and issues. Abraham along with BIG 92.7 FM and Resonance conducted a week-long "Shine Under Pressure" motivational exercise in which children of various schools in Agra were addressed by him. He gave the students tips on handling stress, anxiety and tensions related with examination pressure and told them about the various ways in which they can enhance their learning and memorize better. He also counseled them for the various psychological problems they were facing.


Ludvig Manthey

Johan Georg Ludvig Manthey (3 June 1769 - 18 January 1842) was a Danish pharmacist. He owned the Lion Pharmacy in Copenhagen from 1791 to 1805, managed Ørholm and Brede Works from 1805 to 1811 and served as director of the Royal Copenhagen Porcelain Manufactory from 1796 to 1812. He lived on the Falkensteen estate at Slagelse from 1812.
Early life and education.
Manthey was born in Glückstadt, the son of garrison priest Johan Gustav Ludvig Manthey (1735-1813) and Sophia Dorothea Hermes (1745-1826). His father later served as parish priest at the German St. Peter's Church in Copenhagen. His younger brother was Johan Daniel Timotheus Manthey.
Ludvig Manthey studied medicine at the University of Copenhagen and was in 1788 appointed as chief surgeon on a naval ship and later that same year as a lecturer in Copenhagen. He was also employed as a teacher at the pharmacy of Frederiks Hospital in spite of the fact that he had not apprenticed as a pharmacist. In 1789, he also obtained a degree in pharmacy from the university. He was awarded Cappel's Travel Grant and continued his studies abroad.
Career.
In 1791, Manthey succeeded Christopher Günther, his father-in-law- as pharmacist and owner of the Lion Pharmacy on Amagertorv in Copenhagen. This resulted in protests from the Medical Board ("det medicinske kollegium") due to his lack of formal training as a pharmacist.
In 1795, he was employed as lecturer in chemistry at the university and later that same year as an extraordinary professor. In 1796, he assumed a position as director of the Royal Porcelain Manufactory. In 1800, he was sent abroad to study porcelain manufacturing. Hans Christian Ørsted, his protégé, managed his pharmacy while he was away.
He sold the pharmacy in 1805 and then managed the Ørholm and Brede Works until 1811.
He was a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences from 1804 and served as assessor in the "Sundhedskollegiet"in1803-05.
He wrote a substantial number of scientific articles and contributed to "Pharmacopoea Danica" (1805).
Personal life.
Manthey married twice. His first wife was Augusta Günther (1768-1806), a daughter of pharmacistChristopher Günther (1730–90) and Sophie Charlotte Hauber (1733–87). They were married on 19 August 1791 in St. Peter's Church in Copenhagen. His second wife was Annette (Ane) Pauline Holten (1785-1855), a daughter of pharmacist and later customs officer Johannes (Hans) Holten (1741-1816) and Ane Margrethe Abildgaard (1747-1826). She was a sister of banker Nicolai Abraham Holten and a granddaughter of the artist Nicolai Abraham Abildgaard. They were married on 24 January 1808.
Manthey acquired Søllerødgård in 1811. In 1812, he exchanged it for Falkensteen at Slagelse. He died on 18 January 1842 in Copenhagen and is buried in Gerlev at Slagelse.


Annette Chalut

Annette Chalut (née Annette Brigitte Weill; born 29 April 1924) is a French physician who was a member of the French Resistance during the Second World War.
Annette Weill was born in Paris, the daughter of Pierre Weill, a veteran of the First World War, and his wife Emma Alexandre. On the outbreak of war, Pierre became an interpreter for the British army. He was arrested in December 1941 because of his Jewish ethnicity, but was released in March 1942, on the intervention of his wife. The family decided to leave for the free region of France. At Toulouse, Annette succeeded in passing her PCB exams, the first stage in a medical qualification. Along with her father, she joined the Resistance. After a time, the Germans invaded this region of France too.
Pierre was arrested again, this time along with his daughter, and she was imprisoned at Fort de Romainville. On 13 May 1944, she was transported to Ravensbrück concentration camp. From there she was sent on to , which began operation in August 1944; there she was forced to work on the manufacture of gas masks. Finally she was sent to Bergen-Belsen, where she survived until the liberation of 15 April 1945. At this point she was in a poor physical state, weighing only 35 kilos; nevertheless she volunteered to remain behind to help treat those whose suffering was even greater.
After the war she got married and completed her medical qualifications. She became a general practitioner and a member of the Medico-Social Commission of the . From 1992 she served as a member of the International Ravensbrück Committee, and was its president from 1999 to 2015.
In 2015 Annette Chalut returned to Ravensbrück in Germany to take a leading role in the celebrations commemorating the liberation of the concentration camp there. On 1 January 2016 she was awarded the rank of grand officier of the Légion d’honneur.


Emil Aarestrup

Carl Ludvig Emil Aarestrup (4 December 1800 in Copenhagen – 21 July 1856 in Odense) was a Danish physician and poet, who had just one single volume of poetry published throughout his lifetime, yet this gave him a lasting place in Danish literature, due to the originality of the poems, as well as their persistent exploration of erotic themes, somewhat uncommon to the day.
Life and career.
Aarestrup was born in Store Kongensgade in Copenhagen, in a period designated by the Napoleonic wars, which Denmark had been dragged into, and which left the country officially bankrupt. Nonetheless, this period is often characterized as the Danish Golden Age.
His father was a customs officer in the service of the absolute monarchy and also a bon vivant.
Aarestrup had a younger brother, but when he was seven years old, their parents were separated, and tragically both died shortly after, leaving the two Aarestrup boys orphaned, but in the care of a local elderly spinster, Marie Møller, and the boys' grandfather, a dealer in tea and porcelain. As a poet, Aarestrup would later return to feelings of loss and loneliness, perhaps caused by these traumatic childhood experiences.
In 1819 Aarestrup became a student, and continued to study medicine at the University of Copenhagen, graduating as a physician in 1827. That same year he married his 15 year old cousin Caroline Aagard and together they settled in Nysted on the Danish island Lolland, where he would have his practice. It was later found out that he had actually fathered an illegitimate daughter with his landlords wife during his studies in Copenhagen, which naturally put strains on his relations with Caroline, but even so, he made provisions for this daughter also, besides from fathering no less than 12 children with his wife.
The Aarestrup couple would live in Nysted from 1827 until 1838, when Aarestrup got hold of a more profitable district, better suited for his expenses to the growing family, though still not sufficient. In 1849 he finally succeeded in obtaining the much larger post of District Physician in Funen, overseeing the other doctors. Again he and his family moved, for the last time, to Odense, where he spent the remainder of his life.
Works.
Working as a doctor, he wrote poetry in his spare time. Only one book was published while he was alive, in 1838: "Digte" ("Poems"). It was generally ignored by critics as well as the public at the time of its release. Another was published after his death in 1863: "Efterladte Digte" ("Posthumous poems").
Among Danish lyricists, Aarestrup is considered one of the most genuine amorists. Especially in his ritornelles and short and emphasized verses he reaches mastery. As a verse technician he is influenced by the German poet Friedrich Rückert but finds his own form. Compared to most contemporary Danish love poets he is much more sensual, material and audacious though still respecting decorum. His tune is teasing, ironic, witty and elegant but sometimes with a hidden fear of death and vanity. Among his most famous poems must be mentioned "Paa Sneen" (“On the Snow”), "Angst" (“Fear”), "Til Nanna" (“For Nanna”), "Tidlig Skilsmisse" (“Early Divorce”) and "Var det Synd?" (“Was It a Sin?”). Less known today are his few political poems that reveal his liberal sympathies.
Legacy.
Although not recognized in his own time, he is now widely considered one of the most influential Danish poets and is still read in Denmark today. Normally his poetry is regarded as an important precursor of the great poet Sophus Claussen.


Catamaran Corporation

Catamaran Corporation (formerly SXC Health Solutions) is the former name of a company that now operates within UnitedHealth Group's OptumRX division (since July 2015). It sells pharmacy benefit management and medical record keeping services to businesses in the United States and to a broad client portfolio, including health plans and employers. Working independently of the government and insurance companies allowed it to operate as a third party verifier; the RxCLAIM online claim processing system allowed for prescription drug claims to be processed online if the customer lived in and filled his/her prescription in the United States. SXC had three separate but interrelated business segments which dealt with prescription drug programs. For 2013, 23% of company revenue came from Cigna Corporation.
Most of the company's growth came in 2008 when it doubled in size; between 2005 and 2010 revenue increased 3,400%. As a Canadian startup, the company received venture capital subsidies from the Canadian government in addition to private investments. These subsidies allowed the business to grow initially and establish its business model in advance of its initial public offering, which was offered through the NASDAQ exchange in 2009. The success of the mixed public and private approach in SXC's case has been called "perhaps the best example of the flexibility and the value added by the Canadian hybrid system." In 2013 company revenue increased by 49% thanks to a full year of prescription claims at the Catalyst division, and additional volumes from newly acquired Restat. On March 30, 2015, it was announced that Catamaran will be acquired by OptumRx (A UnitedHealth Group company).
History.
Systems Xellence (SXC), founded in 1993, was a Canadian company that first went public in 1995 when it joined the TSX. Six years later, in 2001, it acquired ComCoTec, an Illinois-based software business. After going public on the NASDAQ stock market in 2006, the company shifted its headquarters from Milton, Ontario to Chicago, the city ComCoTec was based in. SXC was one of the first companies to build technology used in pharmacy benefit management.
In February 2008, eight months after the company changed its name to SXC Health Solutions, it acquired National Medical Health Card Systems, Inc. (NMHC) for US$143 million in a move that doubled its size and workforce. It is now known as InformedRx, a division of SXC. On December 19, 2008, the company also acquired Zynchros, an eight-year-old Seattle-based formulary management business.
SXC purchased private company MedfusionRx, Inc on December 2, 2010 for $100 million. Reasons for the acquisition include an interest in strengthening SXC's position in the speciality pharmacy market and improving cost cutting capabilities in the management of complex conditions and improving supportive care. MedfusionRx provides voice messaging services to people in all 50 US states as well as other clinical services to over 9000 patients. The messages have to do with medical treatment assistance including the delivery and refill reminders of medication and patient monitoring for people with chronic diseases. It was founded in 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama. Medfusion manages $270 million in drug spending.
In 2012, SXC agreed to buy rival Catalyst Health Solutions Inc. in a roughly $4.14 billion cash-and-stock deal. Shortly thereafter, SXC Health Solutions Corp. renamed the company, Catamaran Corp.
In 2015, health insurer UnitedHealth Group agreed to buy pharmacy benefit manager Catamaran Corp in a deal worth about $12.8 billion.
Business segments.
SXC has three main business segments: InformedRx, Healthcare IT Group (HCIT), and Health Business Systems.
InformedRx is SXC Health Solution's pharmacy benefit management service. It deals with formulary administration, benefit plan design and management, pharmacy network management, drug utilization review, clinical services and consulting, reporting and information analysis, mail services and specialty pharmacy, and consumer web services.
Healthcare IT Group focuses on the technological aspects of the company. It includes the RxCLAIM, RxTRACK, and RxPORTAL customer interfaces, which support the electronic processing of prescriptions. It also includes pharmacy technology services (technology relied upon by application service providers), as well as Zynchros, a provider of formulary management tools.
Health Business Systems are management systems providers to retail, institutional or nursing home, and mail order pharmacy environments.
Customers.
SXC Health Solutions has been used by various organizations, including Cigna, HealthSpring, PharMerica, TennCare, the Boston Medical Center HealthNet Plan, and Health Alliance of Michigan.
External links.


David Johnson (nephrologist)

Professor David Johnson is an Australian nephrologist known for kidney treatments and transplants in Australia. In 2009 he was a Queensland State Finalist for Australian of the Year, for his work in the early recognition and care of people with chronic kidney disease and specifically for his work in detection of chronic kidney disease.
Current roles.
Johnson currently holds multiple positions within various medical and academic facilities in South East Queensland and Australia, including:
Publications.
Johnson's notable contributions to kidney research include:


South Okanagan General Hospital

South Okanagan General Hospital is a hospital operating under the governance of Interior Health. It is located in the town of Oliver, British Columbia, Canada, on 7139 362 Avenue.
It was founded in 1973 as a replacement for the St. Martin's Hospital. The hospital has obtained $CAN200,000 for emergency care, also having lost a number of beds at the hospital needed for patients. It operates an emergency service.


Louise Maple-Brown

Louise Maple-Brown is an Australian endocrinologist. She is a clinical researcher at the Royal Darwin Hospital (Northern Territory, Australia), serving as the hospital's Head of Endocrinology and as NHMRC Practitioner Fellow with the Menzies School of Health Research at Charles Darwin University. She leads a clinical research program within the Wellbeing and Preventable Chronic Diseases division of Menzies with a focus on diabetes in Indigenous Australians and provides clinical diabetes services to urban and remote Northern Territory communities.
Education.
Maple-Brown completed her Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery at the University of Sydney and PhD at the University of New South Wales. She completed her physician and endocrinology training at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney then moved to Darwin in 2002.
Research.
Maple-Brown is the lead investigator on multiple projects that are funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). She is Chief Investigator of the Northern Territory & FNQ Diabetes in Pregnancy Partnership to improve care and outcomes for women with diabetes in pregnancy and their babies. She has also served as Chief Investigator on two phases of a study on the kidney disease prevalence, determinants interventions in Indigenous Australians since 2012.


Eden Hospital

Eden Hospital, established in 1881, houses the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Medical College Kolkata, India.
History.
The gynaecological & midwifery care at Medical College received a great boost with the establishment of the Eden Hospital in 1881. The admission of patients started from 17 July 1882 with accommodation for 41 Europeans and 42 Indians. This was the largest obstetrics & gynaecological ward in the whole of Asia. The Eden Hospital extension was completed in 1931 to accommodate a further 38 patients. In 1933, the trustees of the Estate of the late Mary Helena Mauger of Darjeeling donated Rs. 3,07,00 for Eden Hospital. Two hostels for junior doctors, namely Bonophool Hostel & Eden Roof Hostels, were built above the 3rd floor of the Eden Hospital in the 1970s.


Ella Stack

Ellen Mary Stack (born 4 May 1929) is an Australian medical doctor and the first female Lord Mayor of an Australian capital city. She was the first Lord Mayor of Darwin, Northern Territory from 1975 to 1980. She is best known for her work following the destruction of Darwin due to Cyclone Tracy.
Early life.
Stack was born in Sydney in 1929, the daughter of William and Elizabeth Stack. She attended Brigidine Convent in Randwick and went on to study piano at the Conservatorium of Music in Sydney
Stack married Thomas (Tom) Lawler, an agricultural scientist, in 1957. They have three sons.
Medical career.
Stack graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery from the University of Sydney in 1956. She then became a Fellow of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and worked in obstetrics and gynaecology. She worked in Wee Waa and Narrabri in the Namoi Valley before moving to Darwin in 1961. Working at a clinic in Parap, she was one of only two private practitioners in Darwin at the time.
After her time as Lord Mayor of Darwin, she completed a Masters of Public Health from the University of Sydney. She then returned to Darwin, becoming the first Assistant Secretary of the Division of Aboriginal Health at the Department of Health of the Northern Territory. She became the Chief Medical Officer of the Northern Territory in 1987. Stack was instrumental in the establishment of Menzies School of Health in 1985.
Stack wrote about and commented publicly on public health and community issues such as abortion and women rights.
Cyclone Tracy and life in Darwin.
After moving to Darwin in 1961, Stack became increasingly interested in politics. She was elected to the Darwin City Council in 1969 and became Deputy Mayor in 1974.
Stack and her family survived Cyclone Tracy, despite the destruction of their house. Stack decided not to evacuate Darwin, instead running an emergency clinic at Darwin High School, which became the main shelter and evacuation centre after the cyclone. She was responsible for the health care of 11,000 people who passed through the centre. "Not only did I look after the people that came in, but also people came and lived here," she said. "They brought their sodden old mattresses with them... I used to do a ward round every day and call them the sodden mattress lot."
Stack was pivotal in establishing the Darwin Disaster Welfare Council, that would later become the Northern Territory Women's Advisory Council. Stack became involved in reconstruction efforts. She was elected mayor in May 1975 and automatically became a Member of the Darwin Reconstruction Commission.
Stack was re-elected Mayor of Darwin on 30 April 1978. Stack became the first Lord Mayor of Darwin in 1979 when it became a capital city. She was the first female Lord Mayor of an Australian capital city. Stack was made Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1979 for services rendered to the people of Darwin following the cyclone.
Stack resigned as Lord Mayor in May 1980 to run for the Country Liberal Party as candidate in the seat of Fannie Bay in the June election. She lost to the incumbent, Pam O'Neil.
In 1985, Stack served as the Northern Territory representative on the first National Australia Day Council.


Noshad A. Shaikh

Noshad A. Shaikh (born 27 October 1958) is the former Vice-Chancellor of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, the first public sector medical university of the country.
Born in an educated family of Shikarpur, his early schooling was done in Shikarpur and Hyderabad. His father, Maqsood Ahmed Shaikh, served in top positions in the Government of Pakistan.
Noshad acquired his MBBS degree from the University of Karachi in 1983, where he did postgraduate work in General Surgery. He was awarded fellowships from the International College of Surgeons USA and College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. He has written several papers published in both national and international journals. He has attended and presented papers in several conferences both within the country and abroad. He has been keynote speaker at many conferences and seminars.
He has worked as Professor of Surgery at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi along with various administrative capacities including the coveted posts of Medical Superintendent, Lyari General Hospital and Civil Hospital Karachi. Later, he was appointed as Principal, Sindh Medical College Karachi. He served as Secretary, Health Department, Government of Sindh, from September 2004 to May 2007.
As Secretary of Health, he had a pivotal role in drafting and implementing the first Provincial Health Policy. He was the pioneer architect in the development of Safe Blood Transfusion Act 2006, Private Hospitals Regulatory Authority bill and the telemedicine project in the province of Sindh.
Under his leadership, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro become the first public sector medical institution in the country to introduce Biomedical Ethics and IT as subjects in the undergraduate syllabus. He introduced an integrated curriculum and a semester system, and established a cardiac surgery unit, a minimally invasive surgery unit, and regular public awareness programs.
Noshad is also honorary Director of the Pakistan Medical and Research Council (PMRC) Jamshoro, and the Chief Editor of "JLUMHS", the official research journal of the university.


University of the East College of Dentistry

The University of the East College of Dentistry was first established as a unit of the Philippine College of Commerce and Business Administration in 1948. The college is one of the pioneers of dental education and labeled as one of the top dental schools in the Philippines.
The University of the East College of Dentistry ranked No. 1 in among dental schools based on the results of the June 2009 Dentist Licensure Examination released recently by the Professional Regulation Commission’s (PRC) Board of Dentistry. Achieving a passing percentage of 98%.
Rankings.
The University of the East College of Dentistry ranked No. 1 in among dental schools based on the results of the December 2007 Dentist Licensure Examination released recently by the Professional Regulation Commission’s (PRC) Board of Dentistry. Achieving a passing percentage of 86%.
Four UE College of Dentistry (UECD) fresh graduates clinched 2nd, 5th, 6th and 10th places in the June 2009 Dentist Licensure Examination. UECD achieved a 98% passing percentage with 57 successful examinees out of 58, garnering No. 1 status at the 29-99 examinees category, maintaining its rank as the No. 1 performing school in Dentistry. This 98% passing percentage, higher by more than 100% than the 45.38% national overall passing percentage, is UECD’s highest passing percentage in ten (10) years, resulting to 3 consecutive years of UECD posting more than 90% passing rate.
Curricular Offerings.
the University also offers four master of Science in Dentistry courses to qualified local and foreign students.
The Masters program is available as one of the following:
Foreign Migration.
A study published in the Journal of American Dental Association showed that UE College of Dentistry sent the highest number of candidates seeking licensure to practice in the United States between 2002-2005. According to the American Dental Association's Department of Testing Services, a total 169 out of 1270 foreign-trained dentists who took the National Board Dental Examination Part II (U.S. dental licensure exam) were from UE College of Dentistry.


Hospital Central Militar Mexico

Central Military Hospital is a third level medical institution, highly specialized, with extensive experience, that provides services not only to military and rights holders, but also to people outside this medical unit, which belongs to and depends directly from the Secretaría De La Defensa Nacional (SEDENA) through the Directorate General of Health. Within the ladder Health Services is located on the highest level, also has 48 medical specialties.
History.
The history of the Central Military Hospital began in the twentieth century when the land belonging to the Hacienda San Juan De Dios (named after the founder of the Order of Friars hospital), were purchased by the Lord Jesus and Tornel Goribar giving structure to a vast expanse of farmland and your child exploitation around the year ended 1885 selling the pair Eduardo Rubio and Ana Cuevas Lascurain. The place ended up becoming the Anzures colony fractions and expansion, it is noteworthy that only the first and second fraction, and the third would be used to create colonies that currently found in the Federal District, and part of the premises where is currently National Defense.
Later, Mr. Cuevas sold the land to the Chapultepec Heights subdivision, although in the early twentieth century heritage flourished, achieving olive oil bottling olive production in the "Sotelo hill ".
After various representations expressed, to government agencies, are considered the building of the National Universal Mexico in those areas, but due to war conditions that arose during the presidency of General Lazaro Cardenas in 1938, plus incentives government to strengthen military structures (particularly the medical care of the armed forces), the land became property of the minister of defense, and the street formerly known as "Calzada de los Morales", it became the Avenue of the National Mexican Army. Within the southern boundary of the land, right in front of the brick and the limits of the river, facilities were built like the Central Military Hospital. The construction of the institution was by architect Luis MacGregor and a list of other advisors, highlighting the American Medical Association and the Ministry of Defense of the United States. The medical unit construction began on March 25, 1942, and was until December 1, 1945, when then President Manuel Avila Camacho accompanied by the Director of Military Health, inaugurated the health building for the Mexican Military Medical School.
Objectives.
The primary objectives of the medical institution are:


Joseph Slogan

Joseph Slogan (born 15 February 1931 at Windsor, Ontario) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a dentist by career.
He was first elected at Manitoba's Springfield riding in the 1958 general election after an unsuccessful attempt to win the riding in 1953. Slogan was re-elected there in 1962 and 1963, then defeated in the 1965 election by Edward Schreyer of the New Democratic Party.


Steve Petryk

Steven H. Petryk (born July 10, 1963 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian curler from Calgary, Alberta. He is a former provincial men's and junior champion, and has played in one Brier.
Curling career.
Petryk's junior men's curling team which included Dave Zabolotniuk, Lyle Horneland and Denis Krysalka won the Alberta provincial junior title in 1982. The rink would represent Alberta at the 1982 Canadian Junior Curling Championships where the rink finished with a 4-7 record, missing the playoffs. Ottawa Citizen; February 27 1982
After juniors, Petryk would find himself playing for former world champion Ed Lukowich. In 1994, Dr. Petryk won the Alberta provincial championship playing lead for the rink which also included Fred Maxie playing third and younger brother Dan at second. Until Kevin Koe won in 2012, that rink would be the last Calgary-based team to win the provincial title. They would go on to represent Alberta at the 1994 Labatt Brier in Red Deer. The team went 5-6, missing the playoffs.
Petryk would soon leave the Lukowich rink, and after playing for his brother Dan for a few years, began to skip his own team in 2001. He still plays with his brother though, who throws last rocks for the team.
Personal life.
Petryk is a dentist with Solara Dental Care in Calgary.


Earl Owen

Earl Ronald Owen AO (1934 - 2014) was an Australian microsurgeon and classical music specialist who led or assisted in many pioneering achievements in the field of microsurgery, including many "world firsts", such as the world's first finger reattachment, vasectomy reversal, fallopian tubal ligation, hand transplant, double-hand transplant and face transplant.
Early life.
Born in 1934, Owen's childhood was overshadowed by medical problems, beginning when he underwent radiation therapy to treat a tumour on his leg, which weakened his bones causing them to break when he was aged 11. Enduring multiple failed operations, Owen said he grew to hate his surgeon but the experience inspired him to be a doctor who carefully planned and researched operations before performing surgery.
Medical career.
Owen studied at the University of Sydney where he graduated in 1958. He then commenced work at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney and The Alfred Hospital in Melbourne as a trainee surgeon. During the 1960s, Owen worked in London as a senior registrar at the Great Ormond Street Hospital, during which time he also obtained additional medical degrees and began research into microsurgery. In 1965, he visited Germany to work with microscope maker Carl Zeiss AG.
Finger Reattachment.
Upon returning to Australia in 1970, Owen commenced working at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, where he made the first of many significant breakthroughs when he successfully reattached a young boy's severed finger. The boy's parents had brought the finger, which had been accidentally chopped off with an axe, to the hospital in a bag. Owen decided to attempt to reattach the finger by sewing the nerve endings together with a needle under a microscope. To do this, Owen disobeyed orders by the head of the hospital who had refused to allow the operation to proceed. After successfully performing Australia's first finger reattachment, Owen was promptly dismissed for insubordination.
Following his dismissal, Owen went onto work with the Prince of Wales Hospital, where he became head of the hospital's microsurgery unit.
Owen continued to develop his microsurgical skills, being the first surgeon to perform vasectomy reversals and complete fallopian tubal ligations.
Hand Transplant.
In 1998, Owen and Jean-Michel Dubernard headed up a team to perform what would be the world's first successful hand transplant, which consisted of a groundbreaking 13-hour operation at the Edouard Herriot Hospital in Lyon, where a deceased motorcycle accident victim's hand was transplanted onto the arm of New Zealander Clint Hallam who had lost his hand in a circular saw accident 14 years prior while serving a prison sentence for fraud.
Although the operation was a success and the hand initially moved well, Hallam appealed for the hand to be amputated in 2001 claiming it felt like a dead man's hand with no feeling in it. Doctors who had performed the transplant accused Hallam of failing to complete the full course of anti-rejection drugs and not exercising enough, which Hallam denied. Owen described the amputation as "inevitable" due to Hallam's failure to keeping up the required physiotherapy and accused Hallam of failing to follow the plan he had agreed to prior to the transplant.
Owen had previously been critical of Hallam's behaviour and attitude following the transplant. When an arrest warrant was issued for Hallam in May 2000 in connection to a fuel card scam, Owen inferred in a radio interview that he was beginning to regret his choice of patient for such a pioneering operation, claiming not to know of Hallam's criminal history and accusing Hallam of being only interested in making media appearances for financial gain.
Double Hand Transplant.
In 2000, Owen and Dubernard again led a team to perform what would be the world's first successful double hand transplant, which consisted of a 17-hour operation at the Edouard Herriot Hospital in Lyon, where a donor's hands and part of their forearms were transplanted onto the arms of a French man. The man had previously had both arms amputated below the elbows following an accident involving an amateur rocket which had exploded causing severe injuries.
Face Transplant.
Owen trained the French surgeons who performed the world's first partial face transplant in 2005 on Isabelle Dinoire, a French woman who had been attacked by her own dog. The surgeons had a four month-wait for a reasonably matched face from a donor with a similar age, the same blood group, tissue type and skin colour. Upon a match being found, Owen was unable to arrive in France in time for the operation, having decided it would be disrespectful to keep the brain-dead donor on life support while he made the journey from Australia. However, Owen kept in constant communication with the operating team who conducted the 15-hour operation at a hospital in Amiens.
Music.
During his younger years, Owen showed promise as an aspiring classical pianist, winning a piano competition when he was 14 and attracting the attention of Solomon who invited Owen to study under him. After realising Owen's medical ambitions, Solomon urged Owen to choose to concentrate on either music or medicine.
Music remained a huge part of Owen's life. He lectured in the music department of the University of Sydney and advised a number of the major symphony orchestras in Australia. Owen established a medical clinic for musicians in Sydney during the 1970s and was a director of the International Society for the Study of Tension in Performance, at the Institute of Performing Arts Medicine in London. He was known for playing classical music everywhere, including in the operating theatre.
Owen's passion for both music and medicine sometimes combined.
While working in London in the 1960s, Owen formed a friendship with renowned Russian classical musician Vladimir Ashkenazy. When Ashkenazy's son Dimitri seriously injured his leg when it was sliced open by a boat propeller while waterskiing in 1979, Ashkenazy contacted Owen. Ashkenazy had been told by Greek doctors that they would amputate his son's leg due to the propeller severing arteries, nerves and tendons. Owen, however, convinced the surgeon to temporarily stabilise the boy's condition with an artificial artery and skin graft which would enable him to be shipped to Australia where Owen could operate. When the boy arrived, Owen and his team at the Mater Hospital in Sydney worked on the leg for ten hours, rebuilding it. Dimitri made a full recovery and is now an internationally renowned clarinetist.
In 1985, he and Melbourne plastic surgeon Hunter Fry wrote a paper on how many classical musicians suffer from repetitive strain injury, requiring them to either take time off or stop playing completely. Their paper was presented to the International Congress of Rheumatology at the University of Sydney in May 1985.
Design.
Owen also displayed an interest in ergonomic design, heading up a company that designed chairs for dental clinics. Owen is also credited with designing some of the chairs at the Sydney Opera House.
Honours.
In 1978, Owen was named "Microsurgeon of the Year" at the World Microsurgey Congress held in San Francisco.
Owen was announced as an officer of the Order of Australia on the Queen's Birthday Honours list in 1980.
In 2007, Owen received the Legion d'Honneur for services to French surgery.
Owen was depicted as one of the surgeons in Henry Ward’s painting "The finger-assisted nephrectomy", unveiled in 2010 and exhibited at the National Portrait Gallery, London.
Death.
Earl Owen died at the age of 80 on 22 May 2014 in Sydney.


Tuberculosis sanatorium Hohenstein

The Tuberculosis sanatorium Hohenstein () was a sanatorium in Hohenstein, East Prussia (Olsztynek, Poland) specialized in pulmonology and Tuberculosis treatment for male patients. Founded in 1903, it was located about 4 km north of the town center in the municipal forest and closed down in 1933.
The sanatorium was opened by the "Verein zur Errichtung von Lungenheilstätten in Ostpreußen e.V." on 1 October 1903. Initially holding a capacity of 50 beds it was soon expanded to 84 beds in 6 single- and 17 multi-bedrooms including one 10-bed hall in a three-story main building. About 2/3 of the property size of 5 hectares was forested. The surrounding municipal forest of about 450 ha and a small lake was also accessible.
As of 1912 it was operated by the chief physician, Dr. Walther Liévin, an assistant doctor, four nurses and several technical employees. Between 1903 and 1 April 1912 2,282 patients were treated in Hohenstein. Most of the patients were 16 to 30 year old factory- or agricultural labourers from Königsberg, they rarely recovered completely and mostly remained unfit for work.
With the outbreak of World War I all but five severe cases were released on 1. August 1914, the sanatorium re-opened in April 1915, now treating 100 tuberculous soldiers of the Imperial German Army. On account of the war the provisions were tenuous and the number of patients was reduced. In November 1919 69 patients left the sanatorium because of the catastrophic food supplies and the lack of heating. On 18 December 1919 the Königsberg Hartungsche Zeitung reported that fluid medicine was frozen inside the patient's rooms. Due to the bad reputation only about 50 percent of the capacity was occupied in 1920.
On 15 January 1921 the Hartungsche Zeitung reported the "escape" of 35 patients who complained about the lack of food and the general "military" atmosphere under head physician Dr. Liévin. Liévin, father of actor Albert Lieven, was dismissed on 1 July 1921.
Because of the Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic the sanatorium was temporarily closed in July 1923. The economic situation remained difficult and the hospital was finally closed in 1933.