Cygnet Cinema

Cygnet Cinema is located at 16 Preston Street, Como, Western Australia. It was the first purpose built sound cinema in the suburbs immediately south of the city in the inter-war period. The Cygnet Cinema opened in 1938 and was built by local identity and film entrepreneur James Stiles. It is an excellent example of the art deco style of architect William Leighton and is included on the State's Heritage Register.
History.
The Cygnet Theatre, built in 1938 for James Stiles of the Grand Theatre Company, was originally named the Como Theatre. Formerly a real estate agent, Stiles moved into the cinema industry to save one of his assets, Grand Theatre, which faced ruin in the wake of the stock market crash in 1929. With the boom in cheap entertainment, the Grand Theatre Company soon became a very successful company. In 1938, Stiles managed to secure a ten-year lease on Piccadilly Theatre, modernised his existing cinemas and built Como Theatre.
In the late 1930s South Perth had developed as a desirable, respectable riverside suburb. Como Beach was a popular recreation area for families, and a ferry service to the city left from the Como jetty at the bottom end of Preston Street.
The 1930s were also a boom period for entertainment. Attending the cinema was a popular pastime and an escape from the poverty of the Depression. A number of cinemas were built, not only in the city centres of Perth or Fremantle, but also in the suburbs. The Cygnet Theatre was not the first cinema in the South Perth area. It was preceded by the picture shows held twice weekly at the Swan Street Hall (1922), the Gaiety Picture Theatre on the corner of Coode and Angelo Streets (1926) and the Hurlingham Picture Theatre on Canning Highway (1933). The Gaiety and Hurlingham were still in operation when the Como Theatre opened in 1938 as the most modern and up-to-date-cinema in the district, screening "talkies" for the first time.
The Como Theatre was officially opened on 4 March 1938, by the Chairman of the South Perth Road Board, G.V. Abjornson. It was designed by William T. Leighton, the well known Inter-War architect, and built by W H Ralph and Sons. In the late 1930s Leighton secured a reputation as a leading cinema designer for his work on several Perth cinemas, including the Piccadilly Theatre and Arcade, the Windsor Theatre in Nedlands, and the Astor Theatre in Mount Lawley. He was also behind the refurbishment of the Royal Theatre and Grand Theatre. Como Theatre originally had both an indoor auditorium and an outdoor picture garden, which was serviced by one mechanised 'bio box'. The tram and ferry services brought people from outside the area to the Cinema.
The theatre was renamed the Cygnet Theatre in the 1960s to associate it with the Festival of Perth's black swan logo. Despite the name change, the original Broadway face type lettering stating "The Como Theatre" around the 'bio box' still exists. Although no longer a Festival of Perth venue, the Cygnet Cinema continues to successfully operate as a suburban cinema.
The entrance and foyer of the cinema were rearranged in 1964, with the entry doors shifted west of the original entrance, and the original entrance area was converted into part of the confectionery counter. Air conditioning was installed in the cinema in October 1968 to combat the threat of television, but patronage continued to drop and the picture garden was demolished within a year. In 1981 alterations were made to the auditorium, with the seats in the front stalls removed and the other seating realigned.
Architectural character.
The theatre reflects the architectural style popular in the inter-war period, using nautical motifs such as wavy lines, smooth flat curves and tubular handrails, with an architectural emphasis on both the horizontal and vertical aspects of the building.
The Cygnet Cinema is an example of the Inter-War Functionalist style. Characteristics of this style are the asymmetrical massing of smooth geometric elements, and emphasis on exterior form reflecting internal function. The prominent central tower housed the 'bio box', which serviced both the indoor auditorium and the outdoor picture garden. Film canisters were hauled up to the 'bio box' balcony from the street. The tower extends out in a fashionable streamlined curve and features a cantilevered balcony with steel railings, resembling the form of a modern ocean liner. The 'liner' theme is reinforced by the three 'port hole' windows on the exterior of the building. The stylistic influence of Le Corbusier, a functional Modernist architect, is evident in these forms and detail.
In the summer of 2013, American street artist Nils Westergard painted a portrait of Alfred Hitchcock on the western facing exterior wall of the building.
Current uses.
In August 2004, the Heritage Council of Western Australia provided a $4,500 grant to prepare a conservation plan for the Cinema. The theatre is currently leased by independent operators from the owner, Colin Stiles, the son of the original owner, James Stiles.
Heritage value.
The Cygnet Theatre was entered into the Register of the National Estate by the Australian Heritage Commission on 27 October 1998 and was classified by the National Trust (WA) on 2 May 1988. The building is also included on the City of South Perth's Municipal Inventory and was permanently listed on the State Register of Heritage Places on 30 June 1995.


Museum Tower (Dallas)

Museum Tower is a 42-story, skyscraper in the arts district of Dallas, Texas. Completed in January 2013, the building is the tallest new structure to be built in the city in recent years, and is now the second-tallest all-residential building in Dallas, behind Gables Republic Tower.
Height.
Museum Tower is the 15th-tallest structure in Dallas, tied with both the Reunion Tower and Cityplace Center in height. Among all-residential buildings in Dallas it is surpassed in height only by the Republic Center Tower I, with its spire. However, if measuring by roof height, and thereby excluding the Republic Center Tower I's spire, Museum Tower is taller. It also breaks the record for the highest residence in Dallas, surpassing the Republic I. The Museum Tower is the 4th-tallest building in Dallas' Arts District, behind Chase Tower, Fountain Place, and the Trammell Crow Center; with Bank Of America Plaza being the tallest building in Dallas.
Design.
Museum Tower was designed by architect Scott Johnson, a member of the Los Angeles-based Johnson Fain architectural firm. Originally proposed as a 20-story tower, the height was significantly increased to accommodate more residences. The glass-clad tower features an elliptical floorplan.
Location and features.
Situated in the center of the Arts District, Museum Tower is located adjacent to the Nasher Sculpture Center, the Meyerson Symphony Center, the Winspear Opera House and Wyly Theatre. The building consists of 115 residential condominiums, ranging from in area. Each condominium will feature direct-access elevators and private balconies.
The Museum Tower's large site features a second story-level outdoor pool and public gardens. The structure is adjacent to Klyde Warren Park and a performance park, which feature public fountains and a movie pavilion.
Groundbreaking.
Originally proposed on June 15, 2007, developers released a tentative groundbreaking date of late 2007, but the 2008 recession put plans on hold until 2010.
As reported by the Wall Street Journal on June 15, 2010, developers had secured financing through the Dallas Police & Fire Pension System to move ahead with Museum Tower. A subsequent review of the Pension System's meeting minutes indicates that the pension fund is the owner of the entire project.
The project broke ground on Thursday, June 24, 2010. The building was completed in January 2013.
Conflict with the Nasher.
The Museum Tower's glass has reflected an undesirable glare into the nearby Nasher Sculpture Center, whose architect Renzo Piano had specifically designed its roof to direct appropriate indirect sunlight into the galleries, based on the arc of the sun across the sky. Artist James Turrell considers his work "Tending (Blue)" to be effectively destroyed by the glare, and the museum has closed the interior of the sculpture to the public at his request. Peter Walker, the landscape architect who designed the Nasher's sculpture garden, has characterized the glare as "an attack on the garden and on the building and on the art." In August 2015, Museum Tower's owners declared that they would no longer consider responsibility for the glare created by the tower, citing the expense and logistical difficulties of proposed solutions.
In popular culture.
Exterior and interior location shoots were used in "Dallas" (the 2012 revived series) as the residence of the fictional character Pamela Rebecca Barnes.


Fuente de las Ranas (Albacete)

The Fuente de las Ranas (English: Fountain of the Frogs) is an emblematic fountain located in center of the Spanish city of Albacete. Built in memory of Dionisio Guardiola, was inaugurated in 1916 in the center of the current Plaza de Gabriel Lodares, having chaired several places in the city until, in 2007, it was moved to its current location, the roundabout between the Paseo de la Libertad, the Avenida de la Estación, the Paseo de la Cuba and Calle Alcalde Conangla.
History.
The Fuente de las Ranas was built in memory of Dionisio Guardiola after being proposed in 1913 by the Society of Water of Albacete to the City Hall of Albacete as a tribute to the important contribution had made this Republican lawyer in the construction of water supply system of the city. The fountain was placed in the Plaza de Gabriel Lodares, then called Plaza de Canalejas, in 1916.
In 1935 was transferred to the Parque Abelardo Sanchez that, at the time, was called Parque de Canalejas. In 1950 was retired and stored at the Matadero Municipal. In 1980 was recovered in the Parque Lineal until, in 2007, after the construction of underground parking El Sembrado, was located on the roundabout between the Paseo de la Libertad, the Avenida de la Estación, the Paseo de la Cuba and Calle Alcalde Conangla.
Features.
The fountain was named by the four frogs that adorn it. The mechanism of water of the fountain is as follows: the frogs expel the water through the mouth into the shells located under the same finally falling into an octagonal pond that forms the basis of the fountain.
It has four scrolls located over the frogs representing the agriculture, the commerce and the industry, the Coat of Arms of Albacete and a dedication of the Society of Drinking Waters of Albacete to Dionisio Guardiola. wrought iron lights consists of nine luminaries and nine pendants and the coat of arms of Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha and Spain.


Holm Church

Holm Church () is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Rauma Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Holm, about half way between the villages of Åfarnes and Mittet. It is one of the churches for the "Eid og Holm" parish which is part of the Indre Romsdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The red, wooden church was built in a long church design and in the dragestil style in 1907 by the architect Karl Norum. The church seats about 220 people.


Henrietta Street, Dublin

Henrietta Street () is a Dublin street, to the north of Bolton Street on the north side of the city, first laid out and developed by Luke Gardiner during the 1720s.
A very wide street relative to streets in other 18th-century cities, it includes a number of very large red-brick city palaces of Georgian design.
Name.
The street is generally held to be named after Henrietta (née Somerset; 1690–1726), the wife of Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton,
although an alternative candidate is Henrietta (née Crofts; 1697–1730), third wife of Charles Paulet, 2nd Duke of Bolton. The nearby Bolton Street is named after Paulet.
History.
Henrietta Street is the earliest Georgian Street in Dublin, and at the forefront of Dublin's later Georgian streetscapes.
Construction on the street started in the mid-1720s, on land bought by the Gardiner family in 1721. Construction was still taking place in the 1750s.
Gardiner had a mansion, designed by Richard Cassels, built for his own use around 1730.
The street was popularly referred to as "Primate's Hill", as one of the houses was owned by the Archbishop of Armagh, although this house, along with two others, was demolished to make way for the Law Library of King's Inns.
The street fell into disrepair during the 19th and 20th centuries, with the houses being used as tenements. While the houses on Henrietta Street had been home to a small number of wealthy residents in the 18th century, these were given-over to tenement use during the 19th century,
and by 1911 there were 835 people living in poverty in just 15 houses.
A number of houses on the street remained in use as tenements until the 1970s. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the street has been subject to restoration efforts.
The street has been used as a period-location for film and TV companies,
with productions filmed including "Albert Nobbs", "Inspector George Gently" and "Foyle's War".
The street is a cul-de-sac, with the Law Library of King's Inns facing onto its western end. As of 2017, there are 13 houses on the street. One of these houses, 14 Henrietta Street, was opened as a museum in late 2018.
"14 Henrietta Street" tells the story of the building and of the lives of the people who lived there.
First residents.
The street was initially popular with landed and merchant families, and a number of hereditary peers had properties on the street in the mid-18th century.
The houses were built to have rear gardens and mews.


Old Ship Church

The Old Ship Church (also known as the Old Ship Meetinghouse) is a Puritan church built in 1681 in Hingham, Massachusetts. It is the only surviving 17th-century Puritan meetinghouse in America. Its congregation, gathered in 1635 and officially known as First Parish in Hingham, occupies the oldest church building in continuous ecclesiastical use in the United States. On October 9, 1960, it was designated a National Historic Landmark and on November 15, 1966, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Old Ship Church is, according to "The New York Times", "the oldest continuously worshiped-in church in North America and the only surviving example in this country of the English Gothic style of the 17th century. The more familiar delicately spired white Colonial churches of New England would not be built for more than half a century." Within the church, "the ceiling, made of great oak beams, looks like the inverted frame of a ship," notes "The Washington Post". "Built in 1681, it is the oldest church in continuous use as a house of worship in North America."
The most distinctive feature of the structure is its Hammerbeam roof, a Gothic open timber construction, the most well-known example being that of Westminster Hall. Some of those working on the soaring structure were no doubt ship carpenters; others were East Anglians familiar with the method of constructing a hammerbeam roof.
History.
The first minister of the Hingham congregation who built Old Ship was the Rev. Peter Hobart, who had attended what was then Puritan-dominated University of Cambridge. Natives of Hingham in the county of Norfolk in East Anglia, Peter Hobart, his father Edmund and his brother Capt. Joshua Hobart were among Hingham's most prominent early settlers. Edmund Hobart and his wife Margaret (Dewey), said Cotton Mather, "were eminent for piety ... and feared God above many." Assisting Hobart in the foundation of the congregation was Rev. Robert Peck, Hobart's senior and formerly rector of St Andrew's Church in Hingham, Norfolk.
After 44 years of service, minister Peter Hobart died on January 20, 1679, on the eve of the building of the new house of worship. Hobart's diary of events in Hingham, begun in the year 1635, was continued on his death by his son David. By the time Old Ship was built, Harvard-educated Rev. John Norton, who had been ordained by Peter Hobart, had assumed Hobart's ministry. While Rev. Norton was the first pastor of the congregation at its new home in Old Ship Church, Rev. Peter Hobart was the founder of the congregation, although he died before the new meetinghouse was finished.
Old Ship Church deacon John Leavitt, whose son John married Rev. Hobart's daughter Bathsheba, was deacon when Old Ship was constructed and he argued forcefully for the construction of a new meetinghouse. The matter of replacing the old thatched log meeting house stirred intense emotion in Hingham, and it took two heated town meetings to settle on a site for the new edifice, which was built on land donated by Capt. Joshua Hobart, brother of Rev. Peter Hobart. Ultimately, the town appropriated £430 for the new building, said to be the equal of any in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The modern frame edifice, devoid of ornamentation, was raised in 1681, and accommodated its first worship service the following year. Old Ship, with its stark wooden pulpit and stripped-down interior, could not have been further from the houses of worship known to many of the East Anglians who settled Hingham, Massachusetts. It was, in a sense, the anti-Wool church.
The program celebrating the 275th anniversary of the raising of the Old Ship Church in July 1956 described the raising of the meetinghouse:
The side galleries were added to the building in 1730 and 1755.
Originally the building was furnished with backless wooden benches, with the first box pews being installed in 1755.
In the Victorian period, the box pews were removed and replaced with curved pews fanning outward from the pulpit, while the walls were papered and drapes were added to the windows. The church was restored to its current appearance, reflecting its 17th and 18th century characteristics, in 1930.
Current use.
The current minister is Kenneth Read-Brown, a descendant of Rev. Peter Hobart. The is Unitarian Universalist and is a Welcoming Congregation. Some of the meetinghouse furnishings still in use date to its founding: Old Ship's christening bowl, for instance, was made before 1600 and was likely brought to the Massachusetts Bay Colony by emigrants from Hingham, England.
Old Ship Burying Ground.
Old Ship Church is surrounded by a large colonial graveyard amidst gently undulating hills. The graveyard, Hingham Cemetery, is sometimes called the First Settlers cemetery, though more commonly it is called Old Ship Church Cemetery, even though it is independent of the Old Ship Church. It was originally part of a tract of land granted by the town to Thomas Gill, one of Hingham's earliest settlers. (It now comprises , and is the largest and oldest cemetery in Hingham.) Buried within its precincts are many of Hingham's earliest settlers and their descendants, including members of the Cushing, Hersey, Otis, Chaffee, Lane, Andrews, Hobart, Loring, Bates, Leavitt, Thaxter, Tower, Beal, Lincoln, Fearing and other prominent early families.
Among the prominent individuals buried in the graveyard are: Thomas Joy (1618–1678), builder of the first statehouse in Boston (the building was built of timber) and designer of the Old Ship Church; Rev. Peter Hobart (1604–1679), pastor of Old Ship Church, ancestor of Senator John Kerry; Edmund Hobart, father of Rev. Peter, instrumental in founding Hingham, ancestor of John Henry Hobart; William Hersey, one of Hingham's first settlers, ancestor of writer John Hersey; Col. Samuel Thaxter (1665–1740), one of "His Majesty's Council and Col. of His Regiment," delegate to the General Court and Hingham selectman; Col. Benjamin Lincoln (1699–1771), member of "His Majesty's Council," town selectman, town clerk, husband of Elizabeth Thaxter (daughter of Col. Samuel Thaxter), and father of Major General Benjamin Lincoln; Mrs. Sarah Langley Hersey Derby (1714–1790), founder of Derby Academy in Hingham, widow of Dr. Ezekiel Hersey and of Salem merchant Richard Derby, father of Elias Hasket Derby; Mary Revere Lincoln (1770–1853), daughter of Paul Revere; Governor John Albion Andrew (1818–1867), Civil War governor of Massachusetts, instrumental in founding the 54th and 55th Massachusetts Regiments, the first regiments of black infantry in the Civil War; John Davis Long (1838-1915), 32nd Governor of Massachusetts and Secretary of the Navy;(Wilmon Brewer (1895–1998), author/poet, philanthropist (major donations: Old Ordinary tavern to the town of Hingham, More-Brewer Conservation Area, World's End Park); Solomon Lincoln (1804–1881), Hingham attorney, author of first history of Hingham (1827), state senator, president of Boston's Webster Bank, and president of the Hingham Cemetery Corporation.
The oldest burials date from at least 1672, before the building of the current meeting house. The Settlers' Monument in Old Ship burying ground marks the place where the remains of Hingham's earliest settlers were moved after their initial burying place along modern-day Main Street, in front of Old Ship Church, was excavated for the passage of horse-drawn trolleys about 1835.
Memorial Bell Tower.
Also in the grounds, situated close to the church, is the Hingham Memorial Bell Tower, erected in 1912 to commemorate the 275th anniversary of the founding of Hingham, and in memory of the town's founders. The tower contains ten bells hung for change ringing, also made in 1912 by Mears & Stainbank, of Whitechapel, London. The bells were cast specifically in order to be similar to the bells hung in St Andrew's Church in Hingham, Norfolk, which the town's founders would have heard while living in England, and are tuned to the same key of E.


Buksnes Church

Buksnes Church () is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vestvågøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Gravdal on the island of Vestvågøya. It is the church for the Buksnes parish which is part of the Lofoten prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The red, wooden, Dragestil church was built in a long church style in 1905 using plans drawn up by the architect Karl Norum. The church seats about 600 people.
History.
The Buksnes church site has been in use for centuries. The first written record referring to the church at Buksnes dates back to 1324, but the church was not built that year. There have been several church buildings on the site over the years. The first church on the site was located about east of the present church site in what is now a part of the cemetery. The old medieval church was badly damaged in a storm in 1639, so a new, wooden church was completed on the same site in 1641. This church was described in 1750 as having a large tower and a large fenced cemetery. In 1802, the church was deemed to be in very poor condition after multiple repairs over the years, so it was decided to tear down the old church and rebuild a brand new one on the same site. They reused the materials from the old church that were still in good condition.
In 1814, this church served as an election church (). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.
In 1882, the church was again heavily damaged in a storm. It is said that the tower and spire were blown off the church by the powerful storm and the spire was blown into the ground and deeply embedded. So afterwards, the church was torn down and a new church was built on the same site in 1885. The new church was a cruciform design and it seated about 640 people. On 26 January 1903 the church was struck by lightning and it burned down.
Planning for a new church began soon after. It was decided to build the new church in another part of the churchyard, about to the west of the old church site. Drawings for the new building were designed by Karl Norum and were approved on 6 February 1904. Site work and construction soon began and it was consecrated on 22 November 1905 by Bishop Peter W. K. Bøckman. This red, wooden church was built in dragestil "("Dragon style")", a popular design in early 20th century Scandinavia. The old church was torn down after the fire and that area was used to expand the graveyard. Electric power and heat were installed after World War II. The church was renovated in 1965-1967 when some structural defects were corrected.


The Forum, Norwich

The Forum is a community building in Norwich, Norfolk in England. It stands opposite St. Peter Mancroft Church. Built on the site of the previous Norwich Library which burnt down in 1994, the Forum was designed by Michael Hopkins and Partners, and built as a millennium project for the East of England, being finished in October 2001. The Forum is part of Norwich 12, a collection of notable buildings in Norwich spanning the Norman, medieval, Georgian, Victorian and modern eras. It is visited by more than 2.5 million people every year.
The majority of the public area of the building is occupied by the Norfolk & Norwich Millennium (NML) library, which spans across all three floors and has been regularly named as the most popular library in the UK. The building is also home to the local Tourist Information Centre, and the BBC East offices and studios, where the regional television news bulletin "BBC Look East" and local radio station BBC Radio Norfolk are based. An open mezzanine looks out across the floor and the glass front of the building, and currently houses a Pizza Express restaurant. The amphitheatre-like steps at the front have provided a venue for functions such as amateur theatrical performances, outdoor opera, musical competitions, art exhibitions, processions, and celebrations. Because The Forum is funded partly by lottery grants, they hold certain events which are free of charge for people to attend. The Forum is commonly used as a meeting place, and the plaza area attracts skateboarders and free runners.


Silver Falls State Park

Silver Falls State Park is a state park in the U.S. state of Oregon, located near Silverton, about east-southeast of Salem. It is the largest state park in Oregon with an area of more than , and it includes more than of walking trails, of horse trails, and a bike path. Its Canyon Trail/Trail of Ten Falls runs along the banks of Silver Creek and by ten waterfalls, from which the park received its name. Four of the ten falls have an amphitheater-like surrounding that allows the trail to pass behind the flow of the falls. The Silver Falls State Park Concession Building Area and the Silver Creek Youth Camp-Silver Falls State Park are separately listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
The park's most visited waterfall is South Falls, a cascade. Remote Double Falls, however, is listed as the highest waterfall in the park, plunging in a small tributary side canyon deep within the Silver Creek Canyon.
History.
Silver Falls City formed in 1888 and was primarily a logging community with a few homesteaders, and the area was extensively logged. The small lumber town of Silver Falls City sat atop the South Falls, and as the land was cleared, a local entrepreneur sold admission to the Falls area, with attractions such as pushing cars over the falls and even hosting a stunt with a daredevil riding over in a canoe.
By 1900 a Silverton photographer, June D. Drake, began to campaign for park status, using his photographs of the falls to gain support. (Drake Falls was later named for him.) In 1926, however, an inspector for the National Park Service rejected the area for park status because of a proliferation of unattractive stumps after years of logging.
In 1935 President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced that the Silver Falls area would be turned into a Recreational Demonstration Area. Private land that had been logged was purchased, and workers in the Civilian Conservation Corps were employed to develop park facilities, including the historic South Falls Lodge, completed in the late 1930s. It was used as a restaurant from 1946 until the late 1950s and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Silver Falls State Park Concession Building Area in 1983. The Silver Creek Youth Camp—Silver Falls State Park was also added to the National Register at this time.
In January 2008, during the 2008 supplemental legislative session, Fred Girod of the Oregon House of Representatives sought federal designation of the area as a national park via a house joint memorial to the United States Congress, but the bill died in committee.
Geology.
The history of the canyon's formation begins about 26 million years ago to the Oligocene period, when most of Oregon was covered by ocean. After the waters of the ocean receded about 15 million years ago, the flood basalt flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group covered the sandstone that had been the ocean floor. The softer layers of sandstone beneath the basalt sheet eroded over time, creating pathways behind some of the waterfalls that Civilian Conservation Corps workers widened to make safe for public use. Another geologic feature are many tree "chimneys" or casts, formed when hot lava engulfed living trees and disintegrated them.
Waterfalls.
Within the park are many waterfalls, including ten along the Trail of Ten Falls (marked * in the table below) and five more below the confluence of the North and South forks of Silver Creek.
 The South Fork has an average flow rate of , and the North Fork has an average flow rate of . The Trail of Ten Falls passes behind the falls of South Falls, Lower South Falls, Middle North Falls, and North Falls.
Wildfires.
Between July 13th and 28th of 2020, a wildfire broke out in the eastern timbered area of Silver Falls State Park. The blaze grew to 27 acres and was mostly contained by July 15th. The State Park remained open for visitors to the falls but the campgrounds were closed for a short period. It was thought that the fire was the result of a lightning strike which smoldered for about a month before igniting. <ref name=ODF>


Chinese Garden, Singapore

Chinese Garden (; ) is a park in Jurong East, Singapore. Built in 1975 by the JTC Corporation and designed by Prof. Yuen-chen Yu, an architect from Taiwan, the Chinese Garden’s concept is based on Chinese gardening art. The main characteristic is the integration of architectural features with the natural environment. The Chinese Garden is modeled along the northern Chinese imperial style of architecture and landscaping. It is located next to Chinese Garden MRT station and connected to the adjacent Japanese Garden by a bridge. Along with Japanese Garden, the two gardens are collectively known as the Jurong Gardens.
Features.
Stone Lions.
A pair of cloudy-grained marble stone lions at the main gates of the Chinese Garden, guarding the main gates of the Garden. The marble stone used to sculpt the lions was imported from Taiwan.
Bridge.
The 13-arch "White Rainbow Bridge" (, Bái hóngqiáo) at the Garden follows the style of the Seventeen-Arch Bridge at the Summer Palace in Peking.
In 1989 a second bridge, the "Bridge of Double Beauty", was built, to connect the Chinese with the Japanese Garden.
Main Arch Building.
The Main Arch Building is a standard Chinese arch building. This building is popular for picture-taking.
Inside the main arch building, there are two courtyards, namely the “Early Spring Courtyard” and “Garden Courtyard”. Also, there is a fishpond in the centre which is named the “Fishes Paradise”.
Stone Boat and Tea House.
A famous traditional feature of Chinese architecture is the Stone Boat structure. Its design and architectural beauty are considered to be a fine art that has been praised by people throughout the world.
The style of "Yao-Yueh Fang" (the Stone Boat) in the Chinese Garden is based on the Peking style, but with some adaptations in the design and usage of materials.
The "Ming Hsiang Hsieh" (Tea House) is a miniature structure following the style of the elaborate, winding gallery at the Summer Palace. This meandering design is a characteristic and graceful Chinese architectural feature.
Pagoda.
In ancient times, pagodas, originally simple tower structures located beside temples, were used for the storage of human ashes (in urns) by Buddhists. In later times, pagodas were developed into structures which are considered to possess "striking architectural beauty".
The "Ru Yun T'a" (7-storey pagoda) is situated on a small hill in the Chinese Garden. Its typical pagoda design follows the style of Linggu Temple Pagoda at Nanjing.
Pavilion, Plateau and Tower.
The Chinese Pavilion, Plateau and Tower are considered to be an important part of the Chinese gardening art. The artistic features, typical of Chinese architecture, have long been appreciated by man.
The design of the four pavilions at the Chinese Garden is based on the style of Northern Chinese Pavilions, and decorated to blend harmoniously with the Garden.
Bonsai Garden.
Opened in June 1992, the Suzhou-style Bonsai Garden cost an estimated $3.8 million to build. This 5,800-square-metre garden with Suzhou-style buildings (incorporating a main hall of 50 square metres) and landscape houses a collection of over 2,000 bonsais imported from China and other parts of the world.
The Bonsai Garden is considered to be "a beauty that must be seen to be believed". It is designed as a largest Suzhou-style Bonsai garden of its kind outside of China.
A Bonsai Training Centre has been launched. The public are encouraged to sign up for the course, which will be taught by Bonsai experts from Shanghai and Suzhou (China). They will teach how to prune and care for Bonsais and how to appreciate the beauty of this unique artistry.
Garden of Abundance.
The newest addition to the Chinese Garden family is the Garden of Abundance. The original name of this garden is the Zodiac & Pomegranate Garden, derived from the elements used for the construction of the garden.
It consists of pomegranate trees, the 12 Chinese Zodiac animals sculpture, a sundial, stone bridges and planting of materials.
100-year-old pomegranate trees from Shantung, China have been planted into this new garden. They sit among the 12 Chinese Zodiac Animal sculptures.
Live Turtle and Tortoise Museum.
The Live Turtle and Tortoise Museum, a primary attraction in Chinese Garden, exhibits various species of turtles and tortoises.
In 2019, the museum moved out from the gardens and relocated to Yishun; this was due to upgrading works carried out in the surrounding Jurong Lake District.
East Entrance.
This entrance was constructed in conjunction with the Chinese Garden MRT station, to ensure easy access for pedestrians visiting the gardens. Upon approaching the garden, there is a Red Bridge that will lead you in. Four stone lions, welcoming the visitors that are entering the garden, "guard" the entrance.
Renovation.
JTC Corporation is planning a year-long "redecoration and refurbishment" project starting at the end of 2014. The areas to be repaired include the main entrance plaza, the pavilions, the iconic pagodas, the Stone Boat and footpaths. The repair works involve removing wood that has rotted or become infested by termites. These also include patching up spalling concrete and cracked walls, replacing broken and loose roof tiles, stopping water leakage, as well as replacing old electrical wiring, timber footpaths or rusted fittings.


Treguddick Manor

Treguddick Manor is a Grade II* manor house and estate in the parish of South Petherwin, Cornwall, England, to the southwest of Launceston. It is situated just off the A30 road between Polyphant and Kennard's House, near the River Inny.
English Spirit's gin distillery is based at Treguddick Manor and a large visitors centre for the distillery is expected to open in 2020.
History.
The current house was built in 1576 by Nicholas Treguddick, and was later run by the Congdon family of tenant farmers. Following a fire, the house underwent restoration in 1878. The manor served as a workhouse and refuge for the destitute.
Architecture.
The house was built in 1576 in the Elizabethan style and is set in 18 acres. It is built from stone, with features in granite, and a roof made of slate.
The manor contains eight bedrooms, a hall, drawing room, kitchen and a reception room and has offices, a dairy, and salting, boot and tack rooms in the outer buildings. The main house interior contains flagstone floors, old Victorian fireplaces and the remains of a servant's staircase. In the dining hall is a royal crest dated to 1593 when Elizabeth I held royal court here. The courtyard contains two stone barns. The manor owners renovated one of the barns and converted it into an information centre with a café in 2018.
The main manor was designated as a grade II* listed building on 1 December 1951
Distillery.
The firm English Spirit received planning permission to turn an old agricultural building at Treguddick into a gin distillery and attached visitors centre. The company had previously been based in Essex before relocating to Treguddick in Spring 2018. Work on the site is due to be completed in May 2020.


KPN Tower

KPN Tower is a 96.5 metre tall office building in Rotterdam (a city in the Netherlands). It was designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano and construction began in 1998. The building was officially opened by its owner KPN on September 28, 2000.
The concept and design of the motion graphic light installation is from Studio Dumbar.


Ingatestone Hall

Ingatestone Hall is a Grade I listed 16th-century manor house in Essex, England. It is located outside the village of Ingatestone, approximately south west of Chelmsford and north east of London. The house was built by Sir William Petre, and his descendants (the Barons Petre) live in the house to this day. Part of the house is leased out as offices while the current Lord Petre's son and heir apparent lives in a private wing with his family.
The hall is open to the public on selected afternoons between Easter and September.
History.
William Petre bought Ingatestone manor soon after the Dissolution of the Monasteries for some £850 and commissioned the building of the house.
In June 1561, Queen Elizabeth I spent several nights at Ingatestone Hall on her royal progress, where she held court. The Petre family laid on a lavish welcome, procuring food and drink and decorating the house.
In November 1564, Lady Katherine Gray was transferred to the charge of Sir William Petre. For two years she was in his custody, and resided at Ingatestone Hall; where she was then removed to the care of Sir John Wentworth (a kinsman of Petre's first wife) at Gosfield Hall.
The Petre family were recusants, remaining loyal to the Roman Catholic Church after the English Reformation had turned the Kingdom of England into a Protestant country. Statutes were passed prohibiting Catholic worship in England, the Book of Common Prayer was established as the official liturgy of the Church of England, and practising Catholics faced severe punishments. Like many noble Catholic families, the Petres worshipped in secret, holding clandestine Catholic Mass in the private family chapel at Ingatestone Hall.
The first Baron Petre, Sir John Petre, befriended the composer William Byrd, also a Catholic. In 1589–90, Byrd spent Christmas with the family at Ingatestone along with John Petre’s half sister Dorothy Petre and her husband Nicholas Wadham later co-founders of Wadham College, Oxford and in 1593 Byrd took up residence in the neighbouring village of Stondon Massey. Byrd supported the Petre family's covert Catholic worship by composing a comprehensive repertory of choral music to be sung in the private chapels at Ingatestone and nearby Thorndon Hall, the other Petre family property. The compositions included two sets of motets called "Gradualia" (1605 and 1607) and a set of three Mass settings, such as the "Mass for Four Voices" (1592–3), works first heard at Ingatestone that are now considered to be some of the finest examples of Tudor music.
The Petre family sheltered a number of Catholic priests at Ingatestone, among them was St. John Payne, who was executed in 1582. The hall contains two priest holes that were used for this purpose.
In the late 18th century Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre moved the family seat to Thorndon Hall and rented Ingatestone Hall out to tenants.
In 1876 much of Thorndon Hall was destroyed by fire. During World War I, Lionel Petre, 16th Baron Petre was killed in action in 1915 and his widow, Lady Rasch, decided to move back to Ingatestone.
During the Second World War, the house was let to Wanstead High School. In the 1950s, Essex County Council used the north wing to house the Essex Record Office and mounted annual exhibitions there until the late 1970s.
In 1952 the hall became grade I listed and the gatehouse grade II* listed, while several of the outhouses became Grade II listed.
Ingatestone Hall houses the remaining Petre family picture collection.
Architecture.
The building comprises three wings (north, east and south) around a central court. It was built by Sir William Petre 1539–1556 around a central courtyard in English bond brick and includes features typical of Tudor , including stepped gables and tall, ornate chimney pots. Within the courtyard, a prominent feature is a tall crenellated turret containing an octagonal staircase.
In the late 18th century Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre moved back to the other family property, Thorndon Hall, which was being rebuilt in the Palladian style by the architect James Paine. At around this time, Ingatestone Hall underwent significant alterations and was converted into smaller rented apartments. The west wing, which contained the Great Hall, was demolished, opening the enclosed courtyard out into the U-shaped building that is seen today, and the north wing was extended and the outer court buildings were rebuilt, including an entrance arch topped with a one-handed clock. This clock turret, engraved with the motto "Sans dieu rien" ("without God, nothing") is thought to have been the work of Paine.
The Long Gallery in the east range of the house was the main area of the house. It adjoins the remains of the former family chapel, which was pulled down and rebuilt in 1860. The two priest holes within the building, used during the 16th and 17th centuries to conceal Catholic clergy, are located in the east wing in a void under the turret, and in the south wing behind a chimney stack in the old study.
In the 20th century, when Lady Rasch, widow of the 16th Baron Petre, moved the family back to Ingatestone Hall, she began a major project to restore Ingatestone Hall to its original Tudor appearance. The works, overseen by the architect, W.T. Wood, included replacing alterations to the building with reproductions of Tudor period features, notably the re-instatement of mullioned windows on the west side of the building on the ground floor. The initial phase of project was completed in 1922.
In literature and film.
Mary Elizabeth Braddon's 1862 novel "Lady Audley's Secret" is set at Ingatestone Hall and was inspired by a stay there.
The exterior of hall was used as a filming location to represent Bleak House in the 2005 television adaptation of Charles Dickens' novel and also appeared in an episode of the TV series "Lovejoy". Sketches from the TV programmes Horrible Histories and The Fast Show were also filmed at the hall.


Santa Rita da Cascia in Campitelli

The Chiesa di Santa Rita da Cascia in Campitelli is a deconsecrated church in Rome (Italy), in the rione Sant'Angelo; it is located in Via Montanara, at the crossroad with Via del Teatro Marcello. The church formerly rose on the preexisting church of "San Biagio de Mercato", dating at least to the 11th-century. The remains of St Blaise putatively were discovered during the dismantling of Santa Rita.
History.
The church was built in 1643 by architect Carlo Fontana in place of a former church, built by the family Bucabella in the 11th century, and rose at the base of the staircase of Santa Maria in Aracoeli, on its left side. It was dedicated to Saint Blaise. Pope Alexander VII entrusted the church to the brotherhood of the Holy Thorn of the Cross of Jesus. It became property of a confraternity of individuals from Cascia, who advocated for the veneration of the then blessed Rita. The codedication to Saint Rita of Cascia, in addition of Saint Blaise, was added only in 1900, the year of her canonization.
In 1928, as a consequence of the demolitions in the area to make space to the "Via del Mare" (now Via del Teatro di Marcello), the church was dismantled piece by piece and deposited with the aim of rebuilding it in the same place. Nonetheless, in 1940 the church was rebuilt in its present location, as remembered by a commemorative stone on the left side of the building.
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The church is now deconsecrated and used for meetings, conferences and concerts.
Description.
The façade is decorated with lesenes and stuccoes. The interior is on the Greek cross plan with a convex rhomboidal map, like the one of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. The apse, deeper than the side chapels, still houses the baroque altar made of polychrome marbles and a stained glass window depicting Saint Rita of Cascia. The dome is in the middle.
Other churches highly influenced by Borromini's San Carlino include Church of the Gesù, Montepulciano and the Church of the Abbey of the Holy Spirit at Monte Morrone, Sulmona.


Holy Trinity Church, Wray

Holy Trinity Church is in the village of Wray, Lancashire, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Tunstall, the archdeaconry of Lancaster, and the diocese of Blackburn. Its benefice is united with those of St Peter, Leck, St Wilfrid, Melling, St John, Tunstall, St James the Less, Tatham, and the Good Shepherd, Tatham Fells, Lowgill.
History.
The church was built in 1839–40 and designed by the Lancaster architect Edmund Sharpe. Its cost was £2,021 (equivalent to £ in ). The foundation stone was laid on 28 May 1839, and the church was completed the following year, although it was not consecrated until 1 July 1841, when the Bishop of Chester performed the ceremony. In 1879–80 the church was enlarged by Sharpe's successors, Paley and Austin, who rebuilt the chancel, reseated the church, and added an organ chamber and a porch at a cost of £1,307. In 1889 the same practice, now Austin, Paley and Austin, added a new nave roof, and altered the west elevation.
Architecture.
Holy Trinity has a three-bay nave, each bay containing a triple lancet window. At the west end are four lancets, one on each side and two over the entrance. The chancel, added by Paley and Austin, has two bays and a three-light east window containing Decorated tracery. At the west end of the church is a double bellcote. Inside the church is a west gallery, containing the organ. The two-manual organ was made in 1879 by Gray and Davison and overhauled in 1980 by R. D. and E. H. Holmes.
References.
Citations
Sources


Oscar Niemeyer Museum

The Oscar Niemeyer Museum () is located in the city of Curitiba, in the state of Paraná, in Brazil. It was inaugurated in 2002 with the name Novo Museu or New Museum. With the conclusion of remodeling and the construction of a new annex, it was reinaugurated on July 8, 2003, with the current denomination to honor its famous architect who completed this project at 95 years of age. It is also known as Museu do Olho or Niemeyer's Eye (Eye Museum or Niemeyer's Eye), due to the design of the building.
The museum focuses on the visual arts, architecture and design. For its magnificence, beauty and for the importance of the collection, it represents a cultural institution of international significance. The complex of two buildings, installed in an area of 35 thousand square meters (of which 19 thousand are dedicated to exhibition space), it is a true example of architecture allied with art. The first building was designed by Oscar Niemeyer in 1967, faithful to the style of the time, and conceived as an educational institute, which was opened in 1978.
The museum features many of Niemeyer's signature elements: bold geometric forms, sculptural curved volumes placed prominently to contrast with rectangular volumes, sinuous ramps for pedestrians, large areas of white painted concrete, and areas with vivid murals or paintings. Though rooted in modern architecture since his involvement in the international style, Niemeyer's designs have much in common with postmodern architecture as well and this is as contemporary a building as the artwork it displays.
Niemeyer's Eye.
The distinctive annex to the Oscar Niemeyer Museum is reminiscent of a human eye and fundamentally gave the museum a new identity. The annex was completed and opened to the public in 2003, and the Novo Museu was renamed the Oscar Niemeyer Museum in the same year. Constructed of reinforced concrete, the idiosyncratic, 30-meter tall structure sits above a pool of water and is connected to the main museum building by a futuristic underground walkway. The annex contains a large spiral stairway among its levels, and the two diamond-shaped façades of the "eye" of the building are constructed of glass and steel and provide natural light to an exhibit space.
Grounds.
The museum is located within a garden designed by the landscape architect Roberto Burle Marx, Niemeyer's previous collaborator on the design of Ibirapuera Park in Sao Paulo. The garden is further located within of woodland.
See also.
List of Oscar Niemeyer works


Chettle House

Chettle House is a Grade I listed country manor house with Queen Anne style architecture in Chettle, North Dorset, England, about northeast of the town of Blandford Forum. It was built in 1710 for George Chafin, to designs of the architect Thomas Archer. The builders were William and Francis Smith from Warwick.
The manor was bought by the banker William Castleman in 1846, who together with his solicitor son Charles Castleman built the first railway into Dorset in 1845–47 (the Southampton and Dorchester Railway, which was known as "Castleman's Corkscrew" because of its convoluted route). By that time the house "was a ruin used for storing grain, sans floors, ceilings or fireplaces", according to a 2019 report. During the renovations, the family modified some of the interior layout; that included lowering the north and south wings.
Pevsner called it "the plum among Dorset houses of the early 18th century, and even nationally outstanding as a specimen of English Baroque".
In 1946, the property was inherited by Esther Bourke who eventually converted it into a series of flats.
As of 2010, the property was still owned by the Bourke family, who were also long-time owners of the entire community in a form of "benevolent feudalism".
In May 2015, the manor was listed for sale at a guide price of £3.95m, and soon sold, "reputedly for more than 50% above the guide price", and was described by "Country Life" as "arguably, the country-house sale of 2015". The article described the property as "the magnificent, 14,580sq ft mansion, set in 117 acres of gardens, grounds, parkland and woodland, needed substantial renovation". The new owners planned to restore the house into a single family private home.
As of late 2020, the owners were Tom and Rosamond Sweet-Escott, who received a Georgian Group award the previous year for the restoration they had completed, with the guidance of Hugh Petter of Adam Architecture. A November 2020 article in "Country Life" highlighted the results of the work and documented them with photographs.


Kingstree Historic District

The Kingstree Historic District contains forty-eight properties situated along Main Street, Academy Street, and Hampton Street in the commercial area of downtown Kingstree, South Carolina. The district includes the courthouse, public library, railroad station, and numerous commercial buildings. The district is a fine collection of nineteenth-century vernacular commercial architecture. Details such as arched doorways and windows, cast-iron columns and pilasters, decorative or corbelled brickwork and pressed tin interior ceilings are present on most of the district's buildings. The Williamsburg County Courthouse, built ca. 1823, and designed by Robert Mills, is a fine example of Roman neoclassical design with its raised first floor, pediment with lunette, and Doric columns. In 1953-54 the courthouse underwent substantial remodeling on the exterior and interior, though it still reflects much of Mill's original design. With the exception of the courthouse, most of the buildings in the district were built between 1900 and 1920 when Kingstree enjoyed prosperity as a retail and tobacco marketing center of Williamsburg County. The majority of the buildings in the district are a visible record of this twenty-year growth and the historic fabric of the area remains substantially intact. The Kingstree Historic District was listed in the National Register of Historic Places June 28, 1982.


Elmstone Church

Elmstone Church is an Anglican church in the village of Elmstone in Kent, England. The church dates back to the 13th century, and was designated a Grade II* listed building in 1963. Unusually for churches in the United Kingdom, Elmstone Church does not feature a dedication to any saint.
History and architecture.
The nave and lower chancel are from Norman times and are built out of flint. The chancel contains a north window and the nave contains two south windows; all three have Caen stone heads and sills, as well as jambs made of flint. Early 14th-century remodelling is visible in the Y-tracery of the west window, and in the three-light east window which contains intersecting tracery. There is also evidence of an early 14th-century enlargement, specifically the north aisle and the north-west tower, both being built out of squared knapped flint. The church also boasts square-headed windows with ogee lights. The porch is situated to the south. There is an arcade of three bays typical of the 13th century, with the west bay being shared by the tower. The piers are octagonal, and the arches are double-chamfered. The priest's stall is dated to the 14th century, and the pulpit is of a late 19th-century design by Edward Schroeder Prior, with linenfold panels reminiscent of Charles Voysey.
The church is not known to feature a dedication to any known saint, a rare occurrence for Anglican churches in the United Kingdom; the church is thereby titled as "Elmstone Church" for any official purposes.
Glass and windows.
In the east of the chancel is a stained glass window consisting of the Passion of Jesus in 12th-century styled roundels. In the east of the north aisle is stained glass depicting the Resurrection of Jesus. Both windows were produced by William Wailes around 1863. In the west of the nave is stained glass depicting the church's armorial; the date is unknown, however architectural historian John Newman gives a probable date of production around 1840. The north aisle also contains a window by Burlison and Grylls, as well as a window depicting the Nativity by James Powell and Sons. A distorted depiction of 7th-century saints is present on a window in the south wall. The west window contains medieval glass, and the north chancel window contains a medieval roundel depiction of the Lamb of God.
Furniture and monuments.
The church possesses a font that is either 12th or 13th century, set on five shafts. There is a Bethersden marble bowl, being square below with a rounded top; the transition is made through anvil-shaped corner pieces. There are four poppyheads incorporated into the rector's stall.
A monument of Robert Jaques (died 1671) is attributable to Joshua Marshall, built in black and white marble into the south side of the chancel. At the top is a frontal bust, with draperies in an antique style.


Astoria Center of Israel

The Astoria Center of Israel (1925–26) is a historic synagogue in Astoria, Queens, New York City, listed on the New York State Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places.
Design.
The Astoria Center was designed by architect Louis Allen Abramson as one of the earliest synagogues in Queens. The building features a brick façade, two stories tall, and five bays wide. The trim is cast stone, and features double-height Ionic piers flanking round-arched windows. The piers support an entablature and are topped by a balustrade. Its round-arched entrance is topped with a cartouche, within which is inscribed a Star of David.
Among the synagogue's features is a set of murals by French artist Louis Pierre Rigal, added a few years after the building was completed.
History.
The roots of the Astoria Center of Israel can be traced back to Jewish congregation Mishkan Israel, begun sometime in the 1880s, constructing a building in 1906. In 1921 that congregation built a Talmud Torah next to its first building, where education could "implant in our children a love and reverence for our noble tradition." That education building later became the home of the Astoria Center of Israel, with the original Mishkan Israel building later destroyed in a fire.
In 1926, efforts were begun to enlarge the building that housed the new Astoria Center of Israel, and by 1929 ACI "had become a fully operational 'Center' of Jewish life in Queens." It was added to the National and State Registers of Historic Places in 2009.
Rabbis.
In 1926, Rabbi Joshua L. Goldberg became the center's first rabbi. He had been drafted into the Russian Army during World War I, fled to the United States to enlist and serve with American forces in Europe, then returned to New York to attend rabbinical school and become a rabbi. With the outbreak of World War II, Goldberg returned to the U.S. military, this time as a chaplain, as the first rabbi to serve with the U.S. Navy in World War II. In 1951, he was named rabbi emeritus of ACI.


John Spoor Broome Library

The John Spoor Broome Library is located on the campus of California State University, Channel Islands (CSUCI) in Camarillo, California, United States.
The library formally opened on April 4, 2008.
Mission statement.
"The John Spoor Broome Library enhances the CI mission of interdisciplinary, international, multicultural, and service learning through active collaboration with students, faculty, and staff to plan, implement, promote, and access the use of collections and services and support student learning via its robust information literacy program."
History.
The John Spoor Broome Library is a new building that incorporated some of the original but renovated buildings that were part of the former California State Mental Hospital. The project involved the demolition of the former Administration building and the modification of the Receiving and Treatment center to make room for the new facility.
Architecture.
The John Spoor Broome Library was designed by the British architect Norman Foster. The executive architect was Leo A. Daly's Los Angeles architecture firm.
The library is the only "modern"-style building on campus, while the other buildings are of Mission Revival and Spanish Colonial Revival architecture. It features a naturally lit "buffer zone", which separates existing and new structures. The surrounding environment is showcased in 360-degree views. It consists of two separate pieces: the physical structure itself and the canopy above, which extends from the plaza over the library and is anchored to the foundation through eight steel posts visible in the Reading Room. The Reading Room features a thermally insulated glass canopy. In the plaza, the canopy is louvered, thus filtering light through the plaza, while not allowing the sun to make direct contact with the book stacks. The stacks are visible from any vantage point. Just outside the main doors is the Reflection Pool. The library serves as a direct axis point through campus, both north & south and east & west.
According to the Channel Islands university website, the John Spoor Broome Library is 137,000 square feet, in three stories, and cost $56 million. There are two main floors in which there are computers, books, tables and classrooms. The third floor is an outdoor study area. The construction required 7,000 cubic yards of concrete, 300 tons of structural steel, 600 tons of rebar and 40,000 square feet of glass. The architect is Gruen Associates, of Los Angeles. The construction firm was PCL, Los Angeles.
Donors.
The John Spoor Broome Library was named after the Ventura County philanthropist who donated $5 million to the project.
Broome, a sportsman, pilot, farmer and rancher in Ventura, Kern, and Monterey counties, had made the gift anonymously, solely out of a sense of joy over the opening of a long-delayed four-year institution in Ventura County. Only later did the university president, Handel Evans, convince him to permit the celebration of the gift, and only then because they thought it might help motivate another potential donor, said to have been Broome's friend Martin V. Smith. Smith later donated an identical amount to the business school that now bears his name. The university is on part of the Rancho Guadalasca Spanish land grant that had belonged to Broome's grandfather.
Robert J. Lagomarsino, an Ojai resident and U.S. congressman from 1974 to 1993, and his wife Norma, donated $1 million for the new library. The donation was to be used to bolster archives and special collections and host an annual lecture.
Archives.
The John Spoor Broome Library holds a few archives that are available to its students as well as the general public. Two archives of importance include the Robert J. Lagomarsino Federal Collection and the Camarillo State Hospital Collection.
Robert Lagomarsino Collection.
Biography.
As noted by archivist Evelyn Taylor at CSUCI, Robert J. Lagomarsino, a Ventura County native, represented the counties of Ventura and Santa Barbara by serving as a California state senator from 1961 to 1974 and as a United States representative from 1974 to 1992. These years coincided with the time in which both Governors Brown and Reagan were active. During his service as a United States Congressman, Lagomarsino was a member of two major House Committees: the Foreign Affairs Committee and the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. He was also asked by the House Leader to chair a task force to analyze and develop recommendations to the system of selection of standing committee assignments, the Committee on Committees.
Collection.
In this collection, all of Lagomarsino's services to California are documented. The collection not only contains documents on Lagomarsino and early Ventura, but also original furniture, artifacts, signed photographs, and other memorabilia from government officials and celebrities. Additional original archival material includes documents reporting information on the Watergate scandal, the "Challenger" space shuttle incident, and original signed letters from the Nixon and Bush administrations. As a whole, the collection reflects the conflicts and changes of the time, and also displays Lagomarsino's contributions to Ventura County. This contribution in particular was the introduction of Senate Bill Number 70 which requested a state university for Ventura County (now CSUCI).
The Lagomarsino Collection not only benefits students and scholars interested in politics or history, but also provides valuable primary resource material for such areas of study as agriculture, economics, education, environment, civil rights, crime, family concerns, foreign affairs, health interests, labor law, trade, transportation, and veterans' affairs.
Camarillo State Hospital Collection.
History.
According to archivist Evelyn Taylor from CSUCI, the State of California purchased the former Lewis Ranch from agriculturists Adolpho Camarillo and Joseph P. Lewis, to build the Camarillo State Hospital in 1929. George McDougall was immediately put in charge of the State's architectural plans. In 1933 the hospital began accepting male patients, who in the beginning, were held in the former Lewis Ranch farmhouse. The hospital was eventually reconstructed under the WPA to accommodate both male and female patients. In 1936, it emerged as the largest mental hospital in the world. Between 1947 and 1957, the hospital rapidly grew, incorporating men, women, and children of all ages, eventually reaching over 7,000 patients at its peak. By 1967, the hospital was treating illnesses such as schizophrenia, manic depression, organic brain disease, autism, and birth defects, and would later successfully address drug and alcohol abuse.
Its early years were rather isolated from the outside world, sustaining the hospital community using its own farms; butcher; shoe maker, dairy; ice house; schools; and hospital, police, and fire departments. In time, various services that promoted social interaction were established, such as a bowling alley, swimming pool, clothing store, petting zoo, beauty parlor, and hamburger shop.
A new law regarding involuntary treatment of mental patients was put into action in 1969. The law required judicial review of every patient who was held against their will for an extended period of time, which in turn, led to the decrease of mental patients at the hospital.
However, in 1983, a new approach was put into action. Discoveries of new drugs that would help the mentally disabled lead normal lives were uncovered and the hospital began to utilize these innovations. A new mission statement emerged as the hospital, now under the Department of Developmental Services of the State of California, addressed both mental and developmentally disabling illnesses: "Enhancing independence through innovation". The hospital now focused on treating patients with the intention of releasing them successfully back into society.
After a long and successful treatment record, the hospital closed its doors to the public on June 30, 1996 due to lack of patients and cost per capita.
Collection.
The Camarillo State Hospital collection consists primarily of documents, photographs, and unique artifacts. Many collection items are direct work-product items created during the hospital's tenure, until its closing in 1996. The material is classified by date (1836–2007) and general topic (e.g. treatment). Each of the eleven boxes in the collection includes primary sources such as newspaper articles, correspondence, manuals, memos, proposals, speeches, trailers, and information on movies filmed on the land and books written about the hospital. Old Camarillo State Hospital newspaper articles can be found in the "Los Angeles Times" Historical Database.
Although the archives in this collection provide first-hand knowledge and useful information about the Camarillo State Hospital, due to California state law no personal records or confidential information is allowed to be released to anyone other than the subject, without authorization. For more information contact the "California Department of Developmental Services".
Services.
The John Spoor Broome Library offers a variety of services and events to current and prospective students, staff and faculty, and the general public. At the University Writing Center, students can find help and advice from peers on developing a proper essay or paper. The IT Help Desk offers assistance with technical problems. A GIS lab with three computers that obtain the proper ArcGIS software and computer and printing privileges may be accessed with a student ID. The library holds a total of 130 hardwired computers for students, faculty & staff, and printers are located all around the building. Students and faculty & staff can check out laptops, digital cameras, digital video cameras, flip video cameras, digital tape recorders, and projection units. The library has DVD's, VHS's, CD's, and best sellers. The children's section holds many children's books and collections. Study rooms which can be reserved by groups at any time throughout the academic year.
Students can obtain jobs at the John Spoor Broome library in different departments, including the IT help desk, the University Writing Center, and the front desk.
Events.
The library holds events throughout the year that the community, staff & faculty, and students can participate in. Events hosted by the John Spoor Broome library include the Art Walk outside the library, art exhibits held inside the John Spoor Broome library, and Children's Reading Celebration. Every fall the library hosts a Dia de los Muertos celebration in which an exhibit is created to commemorate the tradition and for visitors to learn about the history of the culture. The library hosts a September 11 memorial hosted by the CSUCI College Republicans, which includes a flag ceremony. The Career & Internship fair takes place at the library and is hosted by Career Development Services. The Involvement fair is hosted at the library, along with the Youth Authors' Fair.
The 24-hour final exam schedule event is hosted by the library every semester, usually during the last two weeks. In this event the library is open for 24 hours and students are provided with coffee and snacks.
Broome Library offers an array of services for its students, teachers, and guests. It has an estimated 125 desktop computers with internet access, 200 laptops, and digital and video cameras available for use and checkout. Food and drinks are available at the Freudian Sip Cafe, located just outside the library's main entrance.
The library houses the school's Disability Resource Programs, CSUCI Writing Center, University Learning Resource Center, Faculty Development, Information Technology and the Lagomarsino Archives. The library also has 11 classrooms, three conference rooms, nine group study sections, and one art gallery.
Awards and recognition.
The John Spoor Broome Library was named a winner in the "California Construction" magazine Best of 2008 awards program. The Library won the Award of Merit in the Outstanding Architectural Design category. An independent jury of industry experts in design and construction judged more than 140 nominated projects in a variety of categories.


Wessington Springs Carnegie Library

The Wessington Springs Carnegie Library, at 124 N. Main Ave. in Wessington Springs, South Dakota, is a Carnegie library built in 1917–18. It is Prairie School in style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
It was designed by architect F.C.W. Keuhn, of Huron, South Dakota, in "brown brick in a simplistic Prairie style. This block shape building features a low horizontal design, overhanging hip roof, and geometric decorative designs."
It has also been known as Wessington Springs Public Library.
In 1999 it was one of just eight Carnegie libraries in South Dakota still being used as a library.


Fortezza del Tocco

The Fortezza del Tocco is a fort in Acireale, Sicily. It was built in the 16th century to defend the city from attacks by pirates.
History.
After the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, the Barbary pirates continued to raid the Sicilian coastline. In 1582, Uluç Ali attempted to raid Acireale. Although the raid was unsuccessful, the population were afraid of further attacks and began fortifying the area.
The Spanish (then the rulers of the Kingdom of Sicily) built the Fortezza del Tocco between 1592 and 1616. The fort was designed by Camillo Camilliani and Vincenzo Geremia. Other nearby fortifications that were also built around the same time as the Fortezza del Tocco include the "Torre Alessandrano", the "Torre di Sant'Anna" and the "Garitta di S. Tecla".
Some modifications were made to the fort in the early 17th century. It repelled a French attack in 1675.
The fort lost its importance and was decommissioned in the 19th century. Its last guns were removed in 1834, and were taken to the Pinacoteca Zelantea de Acireale, where they remain today.
Since 1999, the fort and the surrounding area have been a nature reserve. It is open to the public.


CIBC Tower

CIBC Tower () is a forty-five-storey skyscraper in Montreal, Quebec. With the communications antenna on the roof, the total height is . The International Style office tower was built by Peter Dickinson, with associate architects Ross, Fish, Duschenes and Barrett, and was the city's tallest building from 1962 to 1963. The building holds offices for the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, the corporate law firm Stikeman Elliott, as well as numerous other businesses.
The building is located at 1155 René Lévesque Boulevard West next to Dorchester Square facing the imposing but dwarfed Sun Life Building. Part of the fire-damaged Windsor Hotel was demolished to make room for construction, with the remaining portion being converted to offices in the 1980s.
History.
The project was initiated by the Canadian Bank of Commerce and announced in 1959. While the building was under construction, the Bank of Commerce merged with the Imperial Bank of Canada to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, effective June 1, 1961. The Imperial Bank abandoned its concurrent plan for a new head office at 612 McGill Street; that building was instead occupied by Crédit foncier franco-canadien, and since 1988 by Quebecor.
Completed in 1962 only a few months before Place Ville-Marie, the CIBC Tower was the tallest building in Canada and the entire Commonwealth of Nations when it was first built, until being surpassed later that year by Place Ville-Marie where a penthouse was added by the competing Royal Bank for that express purpose.
The Consulate of Israel was on the 26th floor of the building and as such, it was sometimes the site of demonstrations related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The consulate has since relocated to Westmount Square in Westmount.
Architecture.
The tower is exceptionally slender with only of gross floor area per floor, because of a zoning regulation limiting the total building floor area to twelve times the property area. Its façade is more ornamental than that of the average International style tower, with horizontal strips of glass curtain wall alternating with spandrels of various types of stone, including green slate that was quarried in Wales. The building was fully renovated in 1991, and the highly visible CIBC logo at the top was redesigned in 2004 and again in 2013.
Inside, levels 15 and 29 are transfer floors; level 16 is a triple-height mechanical floor that is skipped in the floor numbering of the passenger elevators. Levels 42-44 are also mechanical floors; level 45 was originally an indoor observation deck but was closed in the 1970s. The top of the tower are actually an open-air raised partition, built sometime after construction, that hides the rooftop elevator control rooms. Without this extra structure, the actual roof height is , and approximately when counting the elevator penthouse. It is the fifth tallest building in Montreal, but an antenna raises the total height to , the tallest pinnacle in Montreal.
Until the end of 2018, French-language radio station CKOI-FM transmitted its 307,000 watt signal atop that building.


Red Lion (theatre)

The Red Lion was an Elizabethan playhouse located in Whitechapel (part of the modern Borough of Tower Hamlets), just outside the City of London on the east side.
Built in 1567 for John Brayne, citizen and Grocer, this was the first known attempt to provide a purpose-built playhouse in London for the many Tudor age touring theatrical companies - and perhaps the first purpose-built venue known to have been built in the city since Roman times. Its existence was short-lived.
Description.
The Red Lion had been a farm, but a single gallery multi-sided theatre (constructed by John Williams), with a fixed stage by standing above the audience, was built by John Reynolds in the garden of the farmhouse. The stage was equipped with trapdoors, and an attached turret, or fly tower – for aerial stunts and to advertise its presence. The construction cost £20.
While it appears to have been a commercial success, the Red Lion offered little that the prior tradition of playing in inns had not offered. Situated in open farmland, it was too far from its audiences to be attractive for visiting in the winter. Records of the Court of King’s Bench show that it was an enclosed, walled construction, and was up and running before July 1567. The only play known to have been presented here was "The Story of Samson", after some corrections had been made to the structure, and there is little documentary evidence that the theatre survived beyond the summer season of 1567, although the lawsuit, from the little we know of it, dragged on until 1578.
The venture was soon replaced by a more successful collaboration between Brayne and his brother-in-law, the actor-manager James Burbage (husband of Ellen Brayne), at Shoreditch, known as The Theatre. The Red Lion was a "receiving house" for touring companies, whereas "The Theatre" accepted long-term engagements, essentially in "repertory", with companies being based there. The former was a continuation of the tradition of touring groups, performing at inns and grand houses, the latter a radically new form of theatrical engagement.
Attestation.
The little that is known of the Red Lion comes principally from lawsuits between Brayne and his carpenters, and also with Edward Stowers, a blacksmith of Averstone, Essex (the modern Alphamstone). Edward Stowers was John Brayne's brother-in-law, being married to his sister Margaret Brayne. The suit concerned of land straddling the Essex-Suffolk border, and alleged that Brayne raised a mortgage on the land, by trickery, to fund the building of the Red Lion. Separate actions were brought against the carpenters. These sources were published and explored by E.K. Chambers (1923) and J.S. Loengard (1983).
On 15 July 1567, John Brayne made the following complaint before the Court of the Carpenters' Company about the standard of the work of William Sylvester, the carpenter who built the Red Lion Theatre scaffolds:"Court holden the 15th day of July 1567... by Master William Ruddock, Master Richard More, Henry Whreste, and Richard Smarte, wardens, and Master Bradshaw. (Memorandum that) where certain variance, discord, and debate was between William Sylvester, carpenter, on the one party and John Brayne, grocer, on the other party, it is agreed, concluded, and fully determined by the said parties, by the assent and consent of them both with the advice of the master and wardens above said, that William Buttermore, John Lyffe, William Snelling, and Richard Kyrby, carpenters, shall with expedition go and peruse such defaults as are and by them shall be found of, in, and about such scaffolds as he the said William hath made at the house called the Red Lion in the parish of Stepney, and the said William Sylvester shall repair and amend the same with their advice substantially as they shall think good. And that the said John Brayne on Saturday next ensuing the date above written shall pay to the said William Sylvester the sum of £8 10s lawful money of England, and that after the play which is called "The Story of Samson" be once played at the place aforesaid the said John shall deliver to the said William such bonds as are now in his custody for the performance of the bargain. In witness whereof both parties hereunto hath set their hands."
The contract for the stage and turret is set forth in a plea brought in January 1569 in the Court of King's Bench by Brayne against John Reynolds, for 20 marks forfeit for breach of fulfilment. This describes the work to be done, with dimensions, by 8 July 1567 (9 Elizabeth I).
Location.
The playhouse is stated to have been constructed within the court or yard lying on the south side of the garden belonging to a house. The exact location remained unknown until early in 2019, when archaeological excavations associated with a building development at Stepney Way, Whitechapel (south of Whitechapel Road) discovered the remains of a rectangular structure, with dimensions corresponding to the Carpenters Company and Kings Bench court cases. It has postholes for galleried seating.
Commentators had previously suggested the eastern edge of Whitechapel, where it meets the western edge of Stepney, as the most likely location. The first reference to playing in one of the speculated locations for the Red Lion is when actors were paid to perform at Mile End (which is within the parish of Stepney) on 6 August 1501. Attempts to locate the original site are made confusing by the various streets and public houses named "The Red Lion" (or "Lyon") which since have arisen thereabouts.
On 10 June 2020, a team of archaeologists from University College London announced that they had discovered the remains of the Red Lion theatre in Whitechapel. Their research, which had commenced in January 2019 following the exposure of a rectangular timber structure, is focused on housing redevelopment site.
Director of the dig, Stephen White from UCL's Institute of Archaeology, believes that all the indicators point to this being the site of the Red Lion: The strength of the combined evidence – archaeological remains of buildings, in the right location, of the right period – seem to match up with characteristics of the playhouse recorded in early documents."


Church of San Miguel el Alto, Toledo

The Iglesia de San Miguel el Alto is a building of medieval origin located in Toledo (Castile-La Mancha, Spain). Dedicated to St Michael, the church served one of the old Latin parishes of the city, but is now part of the parish of San Justo. It appears that it also had some relation to the Knights Templar who are believed to have had a guest-house in Toledo.
The original 12th century building was extensively remodelled in the 17th century by Juan Bautista Monegro, but retains some Mudejar features, notably its tower from around the end of the 13th century.
Conservation.
The building is protected by the heritage listing "Bien de Interes Cultural".


Hornby Castle, Lancashire

Hornby Castle is a country house, developed from a medieval castle, standing to the east of the village of Hornby in the Lune Valley, Lancashire, England. It occupies a position overlooking the village in a curve of the River Wenning. The house is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.
History.
It is thought that the castle was originally built for the Neville family in the 13th century; this is the most likely date of the base of the tower at the back of the castle. The polygonal tower rising from this base dates from the 16th century, and was built probably for Sir Edward Stanley, 1st Baron Monteagle. His son, the second Baron Monteagle, took part in suppressing the Rising of the North in 1536. The third Baron Monteagle sold off a lot of the land and on his death in 1581 was succeeded by an only daughter, Elizabeth, who married Edward Parker, 12th Baron Morley. Their son William was made the fourth Baron Monteagle and became famous as the peer who was forewarned about the Gunpowder Plot in 1605. His son Henry was a zealous Royalist at the start of the Civil War and his estates were afterwards declared forfeit and sold. During the war itself, the castle was captured by Colonel Assheton in 1643 and occupied in 1648 by the Duke of Hamilton and his Scottish army. Although the castle was afterwards recovered by the family, Henry's son Thomas was forced by straitened financial circumstances to sell the castle to Robert Brudenell, 2nd Earl of Cardigan in 1663. Brudenell's grandson sold it in 1713 to the infamous Colonel Charteris. His daughter Janet married James Wemyss, 5th Earl of Wemyss and gave the castle to their second son Francis (who took the surname of Charteris) and remodelled the castle in about 1720. In 1789 Charteris sold Hornby to John Marsden, known as "Silly Marsden", of Wennington Hall, who was under the control of his aunt and her husband, the ambitious George Wright. Marsden sold Wennington to pay for Hornby. After a long legal battle over Marsden's will (he had died in 1826), Admiral Sandford Tatham regained control of the property in 1838 from George Wright's family. He died in 1840, leaving it to his nephew Pudsey Dawson the younger, High Sheriff of Lancashire for 1845.
Dawson commissioned the Lancaster architects Sharpe and Paley to rebuild much of the structure; this was carried out between 1847 and 1850. The architects retained the older parts, including the polygonal tower, but demolished or remodelled the section constructed for Charteris. This included rebuilding the front of the castle, adding wings and a portico, and replacing the round tower with a square one. The cost was at least £1,300 (). In 1859 the castle was inherited by Pudsey's nephew, Richard Pudsey Dawson, who sold it to John Foster, a Bradford mill owner. Under his ownership, the successors in the architectural practice, Paley and Austin, made additions in 1879–82 on the west side of the building, and further alterations were made in 1890 by W. and R. Mawson of Bradford. The castle then descended via his son William Foster (1821–1884) to William's son Colonel William Henry Foster, High Sheriff for 1891 and MP for Lancaster from 1895 to 1900.
In the middle of the 20th century, some of the rooms in the east parts of the house were removed to create a courtyard. At the same time, the main internal staircase was removed.
Architecture.
Exterior.
The house is constructed in sandstone rubble and it has slate roofs. Its architectural style is Perpendicular. The plan is irregular. The building is mainly in two storeys, and much of it has a battlemented parapet. The entrance front faces southwest and is almost symmetrical, with seven bays. The lateral bays project forward, as does the central three-storey porch. All the windows are mullioned, or mullioned and transomed. The lateral bays have bay windows, the upper floors of which are canted. The left bay has an additional pair of windows above the bay window. On each side of the porch are two bays containing varying types of windows. The porch has an octagonal turret on the left and a diagonal buttress on the right. In the middle storey is an oriel window, above which is a three-light window. Behind the porch, and slightly off-set to the left, is a square tower, and to its left is the taller, narrower, polygonal tower. The windows in the square tower include a partly blocked Venetian window. The courtyard created in the 20th century is behind the three right bays.
Interior.
The porch has a vaulted ceiling with foliated bosses. The hall is entered through a Tudor arch containing a Gothic-style glazed timber screen. The hall contains a sandstone fireplace with a Tudor arch. Its windows contain stained glass dating from the late 19th century and moved here in the 20th century. To the left of the hall is the Library containing woodwork said to be by Gillows. The upper floor includes a billiard room with Gothic decoration. Also on the upper floor is a drawing room with a barrel vault and pendents.
External features.
To the northeast of the main building is the earlier courtyard, now surrounded by apartments. It is entered by a gatehouse with a pointed arch. On the southwest and southeast sides of the house is a terrace with sandstone walls dating from the 19th century. Three flights of steps lead down from the terrace, and at the north end is a small semicircular building acting as a bastion. The walls are listed at Grade II. At the entrance to the drive formerly leading to the castle is a lodge and gate piers. The lodge has a canted front, a steep slated roof, and an embattled turret. The gate piers are carved with roundels containing green men and the crest of Pudsey Dawson. The lodge, gate piers and adjoining wall are also listed at Grade II.
Present day.
Hornby Castle is privately owned. The gardens are opened for special events on advertised dates.


Nidderau station

Nidderau station is a junction station on the Friedberg–Hanau railway and the Nidder Valley Railway () in the town of Nidderau in the German state of Hesse. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 5 station.
History.
The station was established on 1 December 1879 under the name of "Heldenbergen-Windecken" as the end of the first section of the Friedberg–Hanau railway (Hanau to Heldenbergen-Windecken). The second section to Friedberg was opened for freight on 15 September 1881 and for passengers on the following 15 October. It was owned and operated by the Prussian state railways.
On 1 October 1905 the section of the Nidder Valley Railway from Heldenbergen-Windecken to Stockheim was opened. It was owned and operated by the Prussian-Hessian Railway Company ("Königlich Preußische und Großherzoglich Hessischen Staatseisenbahnen"). This turned Heldenbergen-Windecken into a major railway junction of the Wetterau.
Services on the Nidder Valley Railway were restored at weekends on 4 May 2008. The platforms at Nidderau station have been rebuilt. First the only platform on the Nidder Valley Railway was removed and replaced by a platform with a height of 76 centimetres to match the exit height of double-deck carriages used on the line. The platform of the Friedberg–Hanau line was renewed in 2010.
Entrance building.
The station’s stately entrance building is protected as a monument under the Hessian Heritage Act. It is a neo-baroque building in three sections: the oldest part was built in 1880/81 was the central part of the building with three bays and small windows half a storey below the roof eaves. The southerly part of the building was built in 1906 and completed with the opening of the Nidder Valley Railway. A short time later it was found that this extension was too small for the developing market, and in 1912 a -storey building was added to the north of the complex.
Operations.
On the Friedberg–Hanau railway, trains run between Friedberg and Hanau every half hour from Monday to Friday and at hourly intervals on Saturdays. The trains of the Friedberg–Hanau railway were operated until the summer of 2012 by Hessische Landesbahn (Hessian State Railway, HLB). From then it is intended that the line will be operated by DB Regio Hessen with Bombardier Talent 2 electric multiple units. The trains will then operate hourly between Hanau and Friedberg, and every second hour running from Hanau to Giessen as a direct service. Weekend services will also be reintroduced. Thus, the route, after ten years of operation by diesel multiple units, will again be operated by electric multiple units.
On the Nidder Valley Railway trains run every hour (every two hours on Sundays and public holidays) from Frankfurt Central Station or Bad Vilbel via Niederdorfelden, Nidderau and Altenstadt to Glauburg-Stockheim. In the peak hour a single additional service runs to Bad Vilbel. The trains are operated on the Nidder Valley Railway by DB.
There is a good connection between the two lines every hour allowing a change between each service.
Nidderau station is also served by some regional and city bus routes.


Modern Press Building

The Modern Press Building (originally built in 1927 and thoroughly renovated in 1947, 1993, and 2012) is a historic building in the City Park District, of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. The original building was designed by David Webster.
The building was originally build as a two story art deco building to house the Modern Press printing-press equipment and offices. Modern Press was originally purchased by the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool, with its most notable publication being "The Western Producer". "The Western Producer" continued to use the building until moving into new facilities in 1979.
The 1993 the building was renovated by Atomic Energy of Canada to house the offices for the CANDU 3 reactor design program; resulting in the architectural firm of "Heney Klypak Architect Ltd." winning the 1994 Heritage Design Award. AECL closed down the CANDU 3 program in 1996, eventually resulting in SaskTel moved into the building.
In 2011, work started on the four story granite and high polish stainless steel, Nexus Building, a modern interpretation of art deco, beside the Modern Press Building, to house the offices of The Mid-West Group, owner of the Modern Press building since 1997. From 1998 and as of 2014, the Modern Press Building is home to the Sasktel Call Centre. The exterior finishes of the Modern Press Building were renovated in 2013 to match the Nexus Building's striking and elegant Dark Pearl granite and high polished stainless exterior, which depicts finishes more faithful to high quality art deco structures in New York and Chicago. All of the art deco details of the Modern Press Building were retained in a sensitive restoration that The Mid-West Group is well known for. The unified and dramatic structures of the Nexus Building and the Modern Press Building are prominent on the streetscape of Saskatoon's main downtown thoroughfare. The Modern Press Building's exterior was repainted to match that of the new structure.