Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre

The Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre was a project established to investigate the therapeutic and artistic potential of vocal expression. The Centre was founded by Alfred Wolfsohn in Berlin during 1935 and re-situated in London during 1943, where he and his contemporaries and successors developed principles and practices that provided the foundations for the use of an extended vocal technique. This technique allows vocalists to extend their vocal range and flexibility beyond that usually heard in speech or song.
The Centre inspired, precipitated, and influenced a number of developments within the arts, the expressive therapies, and psychotherapy, including the Roy Hart Theatre, founded by Roy Hart, the psychotherapeutic approach to song, prayer, and guided meditation evolved by Paul Newham, the clinical application of singing and nonverbal vocalization in music therapy and drama therapy, and the use of spontaneous vocal expression in dance movement therapy.
In addition, the extended vocal technique developed at the Centre has been used by performers in avant garde theatre, experimental music, and postmodern dance including: "Eight Songs for a Mad King" composed by Peter Maxwell Davies and performed by Roy Hart, "Akropolis" (1962) directed by Jerzy Grotowski, "Orghast" (1971) directed by Peter Brook, and "House of Bones" (1991) by Motionhouse with vocal music composed and performed using extended vocal technique by Paul Newham.
The Phases of the Centre.
The Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre can be divided into six phases, each one characterized by a distinct locus of attention, but all of them emergent from a shared commitment to a common ground. This common ground comprised two elements. Firstly, a commitment to the principles of Analytical Psychology, established by Carl Jung, with particular attention to Active Imagination technique. Secondly, an intention to establish a form of extended vocal technique that would enable vocalists to develop a highly flexible vocal range capable of expressing a broad spectrum of emotions and characters, for both therapeutic and artistic application.
Phase 1: 1935 - 1939.
The first phase of the Centre spans from 1935 - 1939 in Berlin.
In 1914, Alfred Wolfsohn was conscripted to military service, and after discharge became disturbed by auditory hallucinations of vocal sounds that he had heard wounded and dying soldiers make. He was subsequently diagnosed with Shell Shock, and after failing to benefit from psychiatry, hypnosis, and medication, cured himself by vocalizing the extreme sounds he had heard and hallucinated.
In 1935, Wolfsohn met the opera singer Paula Salomon-Lindberg, who offered him lodging and a job teaching singing to those she described as her less gifted pupils. During this time, Wolfsohn began to develop an approach to vocal pedagogy that his pupils reported to be therapeutic. This phase was characterized by Wolfsohn's experiments, conducted with two student groups. The first comprised those who came for lessons initially intending to improve their professional singing proficiency, but who became increasingly motivated to attend because of the therapeutic benefits they experienced. The second group were those who came originally and entirely for therapeutic purposes, without any intention to sing publicly.
Paula Salomon-Lindberg did not believe that Wolfsohn's techniques were suitable for training professional singers, and criticized his approach. However, she acknowledged that his pupils appeared to find his lessons effective in helping them overcome inhibitions and experience an emotional release that Wolfsohn described as cathartic.
During this phase, Wolfsohn made notes about his experiences during the war, his views about the capacity of the human voice to extend beyond the range commonly heard in speech and song, and the impact of his lessons upon those he taught. These notes evolved in a manuscript called 'Orpheus, oder der Weg zu einer Maske'.
During the early part of this phase, Wolfsohn believed that Sigmund Freud's notion of catharsis was the most appropriate framework within which to situate and by which to explain the therapeutic effects of his teaching. During the second part of this phase, Wolfsohn began to discover the theories of Carl Jung, as he simultaneously grew more confident in his own vocal teaching. Consequently, Wolfsohn began to focus less on facilitating in his students an emotional release or catharsis through the voice, and more on helping them give vocal expression to mental imagery, including the characters and animals that they reported encountering in their dreams.
This pivotal point in the development of the Centre was terminated by the rise of the Third Reich.
Phase 2: 1943 - 1956.
The second phase of the Centre spans from 1943 - 1956 in London.
In 1939, Wolfsohn escaped Nazi Germany, and re-established his Centre in London during 1943, after receiving permission from the British Government to work as a singing teacher. Few of the pupils who attended the Centre during this phase had ambitions to sing professionally or publicly, and almost all of them attended and took singing lessons with Wolfsohn in order to experience therapeutic benefits. Among such students was Rabbi Lionel Blue whose personal reasons for attending the Centre are emblematic of those that motivated many other attendants:
I knew that there was a whole dimension of me that I had never had an opportunity to express: emotions or feelings, or maybe instincts. I also felt quite inhibited a lot of the time, though I was reasonably good at hiding my shyness. It was as though the 'full me' wanted to break out, and I knew this 'me' was never going to emerge through talking. So when I heard of his [Wolfsohn's] approach to singing, it immediately appealed to me, and though I only went for a short period of time, it helped enormously. It gave me confidence in other areas of my life.
Whilst some students, like Blue, attended for a short period, often for one singing lesson per week over several months, others spent entire days at the Centre, having singing lessons and observing others. These included Jenny Johnson, whose voice typified for Wolfsohn what he believed was possible for every human voice trained in his approach to extended vocal technique.
Under Wolfsohn's tutelage, Jenny Johnson developed a vocal range of almost 6 octaves, as well as a flexibility of timbre that allowed her to give dramatic expression to many different characters, and to sing parts from operas written for Soprano, Tenor, Baritone, and Bass.
It was during this phase that Wolfsohn re situated his teaching firmly in the principles established by Carl Jung, believing that he had discovered and developed a new component to the technique Jung called Active Imagination.
Carl Jung claimed that the terms psyche and imagination might reasonably be used interchangeably to refer to the same source of images, claiming that every mental process involves in some way an encounter with imagery. Jung described Active Imagination as the means by which mental images are expressed and become outwardly manifest, and pointed to paintings, fairytales, myths, and religious symbolism as examples.
The regular attendants of the Alfred Wolfsohn Research Centre believed that they had discovered the way in which their extended vocal technique and the resultant expressiveness of their voices could demonstrate Active Imagination through nonverbal vocal sound, giving outward acoustic expression to what Jung called 'psychic imagery'.
The Centre's attempts to communicate directly with Jung failed, and the approach to vocal expression demonstrated by its attendants attracted more attention from those interested in its potential use in experimental music and theatre than in psychotherapy.
Phase 3: 1956 - 1962.
The third phase of the Centre spans from 1956 - 1962 in London.
Phase 3 of the Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre was characterized by a concentration on exploring the artistic use of the founder's extended vocal technique, by rehearsing and presenting short demonstrations, including songs, poems, and improvised performance pieces to invited guests, including Yehudi Menuhin, Laurence Olivier, Peter Ustinov, Bertold Wiesner, Edward Downes, Hermann Scherche, Julian Huxley, and Aldous Huxley.
Intrigued by what they observed, these and other invited guests publicized the work of the Centre, and as a result, some attendants made a number of public appearances and recordings. These included Jenny Johnson's appearance at the Hoffnung Music Festival, and a gramophone record of all regular long-standing students, published by Smithsonian Folkways.
During the latter part of this phase, Roy Hart, a graduate of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art who had started attending the Centre in 1947, began to give acting classes for actors and drama students at venues across London, appropriating and extending techniques that he had learned from Wolfsohn.
Phase 4: 1962 - 1974.
The fourth phase of the Centre spans from 1962 - 1974.
In 1962, Wolfsohn fell ill and died in hospital. Soon afterwards, Hart announced his intent to further both the therapeutic and artistic application of the extended vocal technique derived from Wolfsohn's original research.
The death of Wolfsohn precipitated a division among the attendants of the Centre which culminated in the permanent departure of some when Hart formed a theatre company during 1968-1969. He called it the Roy Hart Theatre, which comprised some actors and acting students from the classes he had been teaching around London and others who had been students of Wolfsohn at the Centre, including Marita Günther, to whom Wolfsohn bequeathed his manuscripts and personal effects.
Subsequently, Hart, Günther and others vacated the studio in which Wolfsohn had taught since establishing the Centre, and moved to new premises in Hampstead, taking their documentation of the Centre's work with them, where they rehearsed a number of pieces subsequently performed at theatres, including "Eight Songs for a Mad King", especially written for Hart by Peter Maxwell Davies. Meanwhile, the remaining attendants who did not join Hart's theatre company, including Jenny Johnson, her sister Jill Johnson, Irene Landry, and Leslie Shepard, remained for a short time before dispersing, taking with them their photographic, phonographic, and written documentation of the work of the Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre.
Phase 5 - 1962 - 1985.
The fifth phase of the Centre spans from 1962 - 1985.
Between 1962 and 1992, the Alfred Wolfsohn Research Centre, which had hitherto been physically located at a single place, first in Berlin, and later London, became dispersed, as some of the original attendants of the London Centre, who had not joined Hart's theatre company, sought to collaborate, continuing and consolidating work begun by Alfred Wolfsohn. This posed a considerable challenge, as they were dispersed across the United States, Europe and the UK.
Among them was the archivist Leslie Shepard, who collected and curated many recordings, photographs, and written documentation produced by the dispersed Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre attendants at a private archive in Dublin, Ireland, whilst seeking funding to re-establish the Centre, and lease the archive materials to museums. Meanwhile, the documentation possessed by attendants of the Centre who were now part of the Roy Hart Theatre, was archived at Malérargues, in the South of France, when the Roy Hart Theatre moved there in 1974. At the same time, Marita Günther deposited some of Wolfsohn's writings and manuscripts that she had inherited with the Jewish Historical Museum in Amsterdam.
After Roy Hart died in a car accident in 1974, his company continued to teach voice classes and tour both experimental music pieces and dramatic productions that used an extended vocal range, developed by applying techniques established by Wolfsohn, and extended by Hart. Meanwhile, the remaining attendants of the Alfred Wolfsohn Research Centre toured museums, colleges, and universities, with demonstrations and archive documentation of Wolfsohn's life and work.
Phase 6: 1985 - 1999.
The sixth phase of the Centre spans from 1985 - 1999.
In 1985, Paul Newham, a graduate of Drama Centre, and Dartington College of Arts, took voice lessons with Enrique Pardo, a member of the Roy Hart Theatre who had never met Wolfsohn, but trained with Hart. Newham subsequently sought to adapt the techniques he learned from Pardo to promote the creativity and self-expression of nonverbal young adults with a range of disabilities that prevented them from speaking but who nonetheless were able to make a range of vocal sounds. The following year, while working as director of Libre Theatre Company in Oxford, a drama troupe that includes disabled performers, Newham began locating attendants of the Centre, who had studied with Alfred Wolfsohn, including those who had dispersed after his death, and the ones now part of the Roy Hart Theatre.
The Roy Hart Theatre company dissolved in 1989 when it was apparent that its members had established their own distinct and discreet work, most notably the experimental arts and cultural project Pan Theatre established by Enrique Pardo in 1981 with collaborative contributions from its honorary president James Hillman.
With the assistance of Leslie Shepard, Marita Günther, the Jewish Historical Museum, the British Academy, and the Ferens Institute Voice Clinic at the Middlesex Hospital, Newham researched a variety of extended vocal techniques, studied the aggregate archives of the Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre, including the founder's manuscripts, and re-establish it in Redchurch Street, East London. Newham subsequently extended the techniques pioneered at the Centre to formulate a therapeutic methodology drawing upon guided meditation and ideokinesis incorporating prayer as well as song, whilst contextualizing these developments in the tenets descendant from the Analytical Psychology established by Jung.
Having been renamed the London Voice Centre by Paul Newham, it closed in 1999 when he left and some graduates of its programs established a US-based school with the aim of continuing his teachings.
Legacy and Influence.
The influence of the Alfred Wolfsohn Voice Research Centre remains evident across discreet disciplines as a result of the diverse ways in which its attendants have inherited and adapted the work initiated by its German founder in 1935. This evidence includes the clinical application of song as a therapeutic intervention with elderly populations by Sarah Povey; the vocal psychotherapy developed by Diane Austin; the training workshops in extended vocal technique taught by Noah Pikes; the appropriation of musical vocal expression as a medium of therapeutic communication in the expressive therapies; and the use of a variety of extended vocal techniques by many vocalists including Meredith Monk and Diamanda Galas.


Spawn point


Massimo Tamburini

Massimo Tamburini (November 28, 1943 – April 6, 2014) was an Italian motorcycle designer for Cagiva, Ducati, and MV Agusta, and one of the founders of Bimota. Tamburini's designs are iconic in their field, with one critic calling him the "Michelangelo of motorbike design". His Ducati 916 and MV Agusta F4 were included in the Guggenheim Museum's "The Art of the Motorcycle" exhibit of 1998–1999.
He lived and worked in San Marino at the Cagiva Research Center (, CRC), a subsidiary of Cagiva now MV Agusta, from which he retired on December 31, 2008.
Early life.
Tamburini was born on November 28, 1943 in Rimini, where his family were farmers. Although he aspired to attend university, for financial reasons he instead attended the "Istituto Tecnico Industriale di Rimini", a technical school in Rimini. According to his biography published by the City of Rimini, he did not finish his technical education for health reasons, and began working at age 18 on heating ductwork.
Career.
Tamburini said, "I have always had a huge passion for motorcycles—my mother used to complain about it when I was a little boy, calling it my obsession! I have never had any desire to design anything else." His exposure to the motorcycle industry began when he attended the world championship race at Monza in 1961. Captivated by the sound of the MV Agusta's four stroke engine ridden by Provini, and entirely self-taught in design, Tamburini eventually devoted his life to the making of motorcycles.
While Tamburini owned a heating business in his home town of Rimini, he was becoming known for his race tuning, improving motorcycles' power and handling, as well as making them lighter. Rimini was a motorcycling enthusiast's town, being near a Benelli motorcycle factory, and the site of many road races following World War II. The MV Agusta 600 four was Tamburini's particular specialty, for which he was known "throughout Italy", according to Mick Walker, who said, "the transformation of what had been an ugly and slow touring bike into a sleek and fast sportster was truly sensational."
Tamburini created his first motorcycle design in 1971, customizing an MV Agusta 750 Sport by welding the frame himself.
In 1973, Tamburini, Valerio Bianchi, and Giuseppe Morri founded Bimota. Previously the three had been designing and fabricating air conditioning ducts. The company name was a portmanteau of the first letters of their last names, Bi, Mo, Ta. Speaking of motorcycles of the future, Tamburini summed up his design philosophy by saying, "The ideal one would be a 750 with the power of a 1000 and the weight of a 500. You don't need a huge amount of power on a road bike, but it's important to have light weight as well." Tamburini criticized the Ducati ST2, saying, "I think the ST2 is an attempt to follow a Japanese concept, and this shouldn't be done by Italians."
After 11 years at Bimota, Tamburini left and for a short time joined Roberto Gallina's 500 cc Grand Prix world championship team. Then, in February 1985, he joined Claudio Castiglioni's Cagiva Group. Cagiva had acquired Ducati that year, and Tamburini worked designing both Ducati and Cagiva brand motorcycles.
In 1985, Bimota was under "controlled administration", or "fallimento", similar to US Chapter 11 reorganization and Tamburini had officially left the company, Giuseppe Morri having purchased Tamburini's Bimota stock. Tamburini's successor as chief designer at Bimota was Federico Martini. Even though Tamburini was in his new position as head of Cagiva's design studio, he continued work back at Bimota, in spite of the falling out with his partners that led to his departure, working on the Bimota DB1 prototype, a bike that used the engine of the Ducati Pantah 750, which was to be presented at EICMA, the Milan motorcycle show. Martini was responsible for the engineering of the DB1, Tamburini, as a consultant to Cagiva, handled the styling.
The first Ducati he designed was the Paso 750, a bike that helped move fully enclosing bodywork into the mainstream.
Ducati 916.
Tamburini later designed the now classic Ducati 916. South African motorcycle designer Pierre Terblanche and Tamburini were working side by side at the Cagiva Research Center (CRC) on new designs, Tamburini on the 916 and Terblanche on the Ducati Supermono. Terblanche's Supermono, which shared several visual cues with the Tamburini's 916, was shown to the public before the 916, leaving the impression that Tamburini was influenced by Terblanche. In fact, the influence was the other way around, with Terblanche incorporating ideas that Tamburini shared with him in the design studio from his 916 design. Journalist Kevin Ash said that the roots of the 916's styling were found elsewhere, outside Ducati and CRC. Ash said that the timing of the public debut of Honda's advanced oval-piston, 32-valve V4 engine Grand Prix racing bike, the NR750, in August 1991, indicates that NR750 influenced the final shape of the 916, though Tamburini, Terblanche and others at Ducati would not confirm this, Tamburini only saying that he was influenced by "existing designs." Ash said that Tamburini showed a better understanding of visual weight than the NR750's designers, and the 916 design, "moved it forward, personalized, and Ducati-fied it, in particular the blend of sharp edges and sweeping curves, which, like most innovation, broke existing rules."
After Ducati.
When the Castiglioni brothers sold Ducati in 1996, Tamburini stayed with Cagiva, where he designed the MV Agusta F4 to great acclaim. While designing the F4 c. 1996, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer; his son Andrea said he wanted to survive the illness long enough to finish the F4 and save MV Agusta. "s Brian Catterson spotted Tamburini riding his creation, the F4, in the hills of Tuscany during the 2001 "Motorgiro d'Italia". Tamburini retired from Cagiva in December, 2008.
Illness and death.
Tamburini was diagnosed with lung cancer in November 2013 and underwent chemotherapy near his residence in San Marino. His health continued to decline, and he died on April 6, 2014 at age 70. Around 500 people attended his funeral in Rimini on April 9, including the mayor in his official capacity.
Awards.
Tamburini was awarded the "Sigismondo d'Oro" in 2012, the highest award of the city of Rimini.


Carroll Clark

Carroll Clark (February 6, 1894 – May 17, 1968) was an American art director. He was nominated for seven Academy Awards in the category Best Art Direction. He worked on 173 films between 1927 and 1968. He was born in Mountain View, California and died in Glendale, California.
Award Nominations.
Clark was nominated for seven Academy Awards for Best Art Direction:


Thota Tharani

Thota Tharani is an Indian film art director and production designer who has predominantly worked in Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam cinema and Bollywood. As of 2013, he has won two National Film Awards, two Filmfare Awards South and four Tamil Nadu State Film Awards. His work consists of paintings, murals, paper collages, wooden montages, and installations and so on.
Film career.
Thota Tharani has been involved in the art of set design since he was just twelve when he helped his father. His work in the films "Nayakan" and "Indian" earned him National Film Awards. His works include construction of a huge set replica of the Madurai Meenakshi Temple for the Telugu movie "Arjun", "Dasavathaaram", "Kanthaswamy" and "Leader". He has worked in more than 100 feature films as a production designer, including three foreign productions: "Pondichéry, dernier comptoir des Indes" (French), "Hanuman" (French) and "Branchie" (Italian).
In addition to being an art director, Thota Tharani has worked as a Production designer and in the art department of various films.
Background.
Thota Tharani completed his Graduate Diploma in Mural Painting in 1971 and subsequently was offered a Fellowship from the Government of France to study print-making. Additionally, he completed print making courses from the Royal College of Art in London and New Delhi.
Awards.
Tiltles and honours
National Film Award for Best Art Direction
Nandi Award for Best Art Director
Kerala State Film Award for Best Art Director
Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Art Director
Vijay Award for Best Art Director


V. P. Krishnakumar

Vannadil Puthiyaveettil "V. P." Krishnakumar (born 8 September 1958) is a sound engineer, editor and recordist known mostly for his works in Malayalam films, documentaries and TV series. He has worked with acclaimed film directors including G. Aravindan, Padmarajan, T. V. Chandran and K. P. Kumaran. He specializes in Sync sound—for many of his notable works, audio was recorded live. He has also worked on foreign projects, including a documentary with German documentary filmmaker and director Andreas Voigt. After long stints with Kerala State Film Development Corporation's Chitranjali Studio and Kalabhavan Digital Studios in Thiruvananthapuram, and Kochi, he heads the Department of Sound Recording at Chitranjali Studio, Thiruvananthapuram.
Early life.
V. P. Krishnakumar did his schooling in Payyanur and later went to Payyanur College. After completing a course in audio engineering from Chennai, he joined the Kerala State Film Development Corporation in 1981.
Career.
Krishnakumar started his career under the veteran sound engineer at Chitranjali Studio, P. Devadas. He later worked with famed directors like G. Aravindan, Padmarajan, Adoor Gopalakrishnan, T. V. Chandran., Santosh Sivan and K. P. Kumaran. Some of his work include movies like Koodevide, Vasthuhara, Marana Simhasanam, Ilayum Mullum Aakasha Gopuram, Nokkukuthi, Ore Thooval Pakshikal, Mukhamukham, Anantaram, Marattam, Rugmini, Kathavasheshan, Sufi Paranja Katha, Nizhalkuthu, Anandabhadram, Sancharam and Celluloid. He has also worked on the Hindi movie, Mr. Singh Mrs. Mehta—directed by Pravesh Bhardwaj—and the Anglo-Malayalam movie Before the Rains, directed by Santosh Sivan. Other acclaimed works include Chintha Ravi's Ente Keralam TV Series for Asianet.
He has worked with foreign filmmakers like Chitra Neogy of the New York University's Tisch School of the Arts and the German documentary filmmaker and director Andreas Voigt.
His recent non-Malayalam works include the Kokborok movie Yarwng and the Franco-German documentary "The Mahouts of Kerala" by Andreas Voigt. on Kerala's elephants and mahouts.
Velutha Rathrikal—the Irula language-Malayalam movie directed by Razi Muhammed, Pathirakalam, Amma—a documentary by veteran journalist Neelan— are some of his recent works.
He was recently a member of Kerala State Chalachitra Academy's TV Awards 2016 jury.


Otto Voelckers

Otto Voelckers (also spelled "Otto Völckers") (November 9, 1888 in Kassel - December 6, 1957) was a German architect and technical author.
Biography.
Voelckers was initially an active art director in the 1920s. However, at the end of this decade he became famous in Germany for his work with the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto. Until 1933 Voelsckers was the editor of the magazine "Stein Holz Eisen" (Rock, wood, ice).
After the end of World War II he became very engaged with the reconstruction of Munich and was one of the few architects, that would link his ideas to the Neues Bauen movement, a radical new form proposed for the old city. Voelckers's reconstruction plan envisioned closed buildings composed of large blocks which were in cooperative ownership, which would have glassed-covered passages and retail areas to encourage use as social centers. Even in the planned reconstruction of the Goethe House, Voelckers pleaded for a full redesign, but was not able to successfully promote his idea over the faithful reconstruction proposed by Theo Kellner.
Voelckers was also known for his design of "Notstands-Kleinstwohnungen", that was commissioned by the Münchener Wiederaufbau-Referat (Munich Reconstruction Referendum) of 1945-1946. These small apartments were allowed by the zoning commission to have a maximum space of 4 m² per Person, with this restraint, Voelckers attempted to "„Bestmögliche an Brauchbarkeit, Wohnlichkeit und Schönheit herauszuholen“" (Extract the most usability, livability and beauty from the space).
From 1950 until his death, he was the associate editor of the architectural magazine Glasforum. Voelckers was also member of the Deutscher Werkbund.


Marie Caillou

Marie Caillou (born 1971) is a French graphic artist who works on illustration, comic books and animated films.
She was born in Montbéliard and studied at the . Marie went on to study cartoon design in Brussels and began working with digital graphics. She now lives in Paris.
She has a large cult following in Japan.


Irina Shabayeva

Irina Shabayeva (, ) is the winner of the sixth season of "Project Runway" along with her model, Kalyn Hemphill.
Personal life.
Shabayeva is originally from Georgia and is of Georgian, Jewish and Russian heritage. She has stated her favorite designer is Jean Paul Gaultier, and credits her success to her feminine instincts and her diverse heritage.
"Project Runway".
Shabayeva appeared in season six of "Project Runway" and won three challenges (Episode 5, "Fashion Headliners", Episode 7 "The Sky is the Limit", and Episode 10 "Around the World in Two Days). She ultimately won the season with her New York-inspired woman warrior collection. The season six finale notably featured three designers (Shabayeva along with Carol Hannah Whitfield and Althea Harper) that had not been in the bottom three during the whole season.
After "Project Runway".
Shabayeva has created many ready to wear and couture collections and has a very successful bridal collection IrinaBridal.com She designed Selena Gomez's butterfly dress for the 2011 People's Choice Awards. Carrie Underwood wore Irina Shabayeva's grey ombre gown on the cover of her album "Blown Away".
In 2013, Shabayeva became a contestant on the third season of "Project Runway All Stars" and placed 6th in the competition.
In 2015, Irina Shabayeva launched a lingerie collection in addition to continuing ready to wear and couture collection. Irina also has dedicated a lot of other time to working with numerous charities. In the past she has partnered with the MacDella Cooper Foundation to benefit Ebola, The Freedom Ladder to end child trafficking and The Carol Galvin Foundation to aid women with cancer. On February 12, 2016 she showed a couture and lingerie collection at the Monarch in NYC to benefit Women's cancer research.
In 2019, Shabayeva competed in Season 7 of "Project Runway All Stars", that featured a cast of previous winners only. She came in third place, behind Dmitry Sholokhov and Michelle Lesniak.


Flag of Bornholm

The flag of Bornholm emerged in the mid-1970s after a design by local painter Bent Kaas, and is used to some extent. Mainly as a souvenir bought by tourists, military units while on exercise in Denmark and on foreign missions, and by mainly German sailors visiting Bornholm. It is the Danish flag with a green Nordic cross in the centre. The green is said to symbolize the natural greenery of the island. The other variant resembles Norway's Flag, except with a green inner cross.
Despite its appreciation, the flag is not officially recognized.


Immortal (MUD)

An immortal, in MUDs and particularly DikuMUDs, is an administrator and/or developer of the game, often a player who has achieved "immortal" status by achievements within the game world. It is frequently abbreviated "imm" or "immort". Some MUDs have an option for players who have become immortals to "remort", returning to mortal status with advantages.
Other commonly used terms with the same or related meanings are developer ("dev"), administrator ("admin"), wizard ("wiz"), God, and implementer ("imp"); the last two most often refer to the system's owner or owners. "Coder" is often found as a position distinct from both immortal and implementor, with responsibilities centered on development of the virtual world server software, as opposed to the content creation that is typical of immortals who perform development at all. Immortals dedicated to content development may be called "builders" or "creators", especially in a project that uses the "coder" role.


Need for Speed Heat

Need for Speed Heat (stylized as NFS Heat) is a racing video game developed by Ghost Games and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. It is the twenty-fourth installment in the "Need for Speed" series and commemorates the series' 25th anniversary. It was released on November 8, 2019. The game received mixed reviews from critics, who mostly found the game to be an improvement over the 2015 "Need for Speed" reboot and "Payback" but not enough to be a full return to form for the franchise.
"Heat" was Ghost Games' final game both for the "Need for Speed" franchise and as a lead developer. In February 2020, EA shifted development of the franchise back to Criterion Games—the developers of the "Burnout" series, ' (2010) and ' (2012)—and reduced Ghost Games to an engineering studio for the Frostbite engine, reverting their name back to EA Gothenburg.
Gameplay.
"Need for Speed Heat" is a racing game set in an open world environment called Palm City, a fictionalised version of the city Miami, Florida and its surrounding area. The in-game map features diverse geography, including mountainous areas and open fields. Unlike "Need for Speed Payback", the game does not include a 24-hour day-night cycle, but players can switch between day and night. During the day, players can take part in sanctioned race events, which reward players with cash to spend on new cars and upgrades. During the night, players can take part in illicit street racing, which rewards REP. Racing during the night will attract the attention of a rogue police task force that patrols the streets of Palm City. They're tasked with shutting down street racing in Palm City, which can lead players to risk their earned rep against the police or lose their earnings in handcuffs. Pursuits in Palm City can take place during day or night, but the PCPD's response to a pursuit differs depending on the time period. Players earn rep from participating in pursuits, with great amounts offered during night than day. Each heat level also equates to the amount a player's earned rep for a current night session will be multiplied by, should they successfully reach a safehouse or garage.
Busted is when a player by PCPD units for a certain amount of time, is completely immobilised during a pursuit, or has depleted their strength bar. Being busted will reward the player with any rep they have earned during the current night session, but will not be multiplied based on their heat level. They will also have to pay a fine using bank. Players busted by the PCPD will not have an impound strike applied to their vehicle or any other form of marks that would result in them losing their vehicle. They will only be fined and have their current night session consequently concluded. The game also features a storyline in which the players interact with the city’s police force, led by authority figure Lt. Frank Mercer. Players can smash neon flamingos hidden within the map, which rewards them with a small amount of money or rep depending on the time of day. They can also find graffiti, referred to as "Street Art" in the game, and send it to the livery editor to use it on their car(s). Lastly, they can complete activities around the open world such as smashing billboards, beating scores on drift zones, getting the highest speeds passing through speed traps, and going the longest distances when performing long jumps. Players may complete "Crew Time Trials" which allows them to complete short timed events in an attempt to get the #1 spot on the leaderboard in their crew.
The game features 127 cars from 33 manufacturers, with Ferrari making its return after being absent from "Payback" due to licensing issues. Unlike "Payback", performance upgrades no longer come in random Speedcards and are unlocked by earning REP and winning races. The game does not feature loot boxes; however, time savers, which reveals collectibles on the map, and paid downloadable content was included.
Electronic Arts released the "NFS Heat Studio" app for iOS and Android devices. Users can collect and customise their cars which can be imported into the main game upon release.
On June 8, 2020, it was announced that the game would feature support for cross-platform play starting June 9 as part of the game's final patch.
Plot.
The player (male player voiced by Andrew Lawrence, female player voiced by Jamie Gray Hyder) arrives in Palm City for the SpeedHunters Showdown, a citywide exhibition which draws in racers who compete in sanctioned races throughout the day, and illegal street races at night. Lt. Frank Mercer (Josh Coxx), leader of the police's High-Speed Task Force, announces his intent to arrest all street racers in the city. The player buys their first car from Lucas Rivera (Jonny Cruz), local mechanic and former street racer, who also helps the player enter their first Showdown race, and becomes their mentor. Lucas' younger sister, Ana Rivera (Ana Marte), is a street racer whose crew recently disbanded after the task force nearly killed one of her friends.
Ana introduces the player to The League, a crew of Palm City's best street racers, which Lucas almost joined until he quit racing after their father suddenly died. Ana and the player form a new crew to vie for a place in The League. After a race, Ana and the player are confronted by Officer Shaw (Josh Collins) of Mercer's task force, who impounds Ana's Nissan 350Z.
After another race, they witness Shaw meeting task force officer Eva Torres (Shontae Saldana). Shaw shows Torres bags of money in his car, extorted from street racers on Mercer's orders. Torres takes a bag but warns that Mercer's brashness is endangering them. Ana steals her father's 1967 Chevrolet Camaro from Lucas' shop so she can join the player in race which Shaw interrupts. The player overturns Shaw's car, scattering the extorted money onto the street. The spectacle raises public suspicion over the task force and Lucas becomes angered at Ana for stealing their father's car.
Torres contacts Ana and the player to admit the task force is corrupt, but wants Mercer taken down because he's too reckless. Torres leads them to a warehouse that acts as an illegal chop shop, stripping cars seized by the High-Speed Task Force, or preparing them to be shipped out of the city. Ana realizes her 350Z has been processed after finding its license plate.
The player and Ana attempt to expose Mercer by crashing a Showdown event, leading police and local media to his chop shop, but it turns out to be vacated. Ana and the player visit Lucas and find him bound and tortured by Mercer. Mercer reveals he anticipated their plan after seeing them on a secret camera in his shop. Mercer forces the player and Ana into his police car, but Lucas, having escaped his bonds, intercepts them in his father's Camaro and rams Mercer's car. Ana steals Mercer's laptop and escapes with Lucas and the player. At a hideout, Lucas admits to Ana that he quit street racing because he believes their father's fatal heart attack was caused by hearing about Lucas's arrest for street racing that same night.
Ana and Lucas send files from Mercer's computer to various outlets, proving his corruption and forcing him into hiding, then learn that Mercer is preparing the stolen cars in his possession for export before fleeing Palm City. As they do not know which cops are complicit or innocent, Ana and Lucas convince The League and other crews to simultaneously goad and draw as many police cars as possible to the port where the stolen cars are being loaded. Confronted by a swarm of police and street racers, Mercer attempts to escape in a BMW M3 GTR, which turns out to be the M3 Hero's car from "". The player chases and wrecks Mercer's car, leaving him to for Torres, who pulls her pistol in response to his threats and is implied to have shot him.
Over a week later, Mercer is missing and presumed dead. Torres has been promoted to lead his task force, and she announces her commitment to ending street racing. Lucas reconciles with Ana and gives her the keys to their father's repaired Camaro. Now members of The League, the player and Ana plan to continue racing and tackle any challenges together.
Development.
The game was revealed with a trailer released on August 14, 2019, followed-up by a gameplay trailer released on August 20, 2019. It was released on November 8, 2019. Following EA's decision to downsize developer Ghost Games, Criterion Games took over the development of the game's post-launch content. An update in June 2020 enabled cross-platform play between PC, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, making it the first EA game to have this feature.
Reception.

"Need for Speed Heat" received "mixed or average" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic.
Accolades.
The game was nominated for "Best Racing Game" at the Gamescom Awards, and won the award for "Game, Franchise Racing" at the NAVGTR Awards, whereas its other nomination was for "Song Collection".


Brad Talton

David Brad Talton Jr. is a prolific American board game designer from Albuquerque, New Mexico, who runs the company Level 99 Games.
Talton has designed over 100 board games or game items since the year 2010. His number of game designs took off when he discovered Kickstarter as he thought that his game ideas were good enough to be placed on this crowdfunding platform. He considers the human component to be the most important aspect when designing and playing a game as he try to think about the ways that players will react with the a specific game. He is known as a fan of card play, theme, characters having special abilities, integrating aspects of video games, and creating board game expansions.
Talton lived in Japan for a year where he attended Kwansei Gakuin University. He graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill with a bachelor's degree in computer science and briefly worked as a software engineer.
Games that Brad Talton has designed or co-designed include the following:


Post Mortem (video game)

Post Mortem is a murder mystery adventure game by Microïds, released in 2002. Its sequels are "Still Life" and "Still Life 2". The game was also released in French, Italian, German and Spanish.
Gameplay.
"Post Mortem" uses a first-person player view and a point and click user interface, using only the mouse for control. This slightly differs in its sequel, "Still Life", however as it is a third person game.
Different cursors appear over portions of the screen to show the player what will happen when it is clicked on.
Gus' notebook is used to collate both the menu system of the game and the place to view documents obtained within the game.
Development history.
Microïds developed and completed "Post Mortem" in ten months using Virtools Dev. An in-house team of 27 people created the game. This included 8 graphic artists, 5 animators and 6 programmers. To ensure the game had variety and no linear storyline, Microïds used a software called "Natural Dialog Engine". "Post Mortem" was later followed by a spin-off series, "Still Life", which has currently produced two games. On September 19, 2008 a new "Still Life" series website was opened, covering the three games.
Reception.
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. "The Cincinnati Enquirer" gave it a favorable review about a month before the game was released Stateside.
According to Microïds, the game and its successor, "Still Life", were commercial successes. The publisher reported combined global sales for the series above 500,000 units by September 2008.


Edward Hordern

Lebbeus Edward A Hordern, known as Edward Hordern, (21 March 1941 - 2 May 2000 ) was the world's leading authority on sliding block puzzles, and was renowned for his puzzle solving abilities.
Hordern had an extensive mechanical puzzle collection and was an author on the topic of mechanical puzzles. His best known book is "Sliding Piece Puzzles", originally published in 1986 by Oxford University Press ().
In 1993, Hordern edited, corrected and privately published a Centenary Edition of the famous "Puzzles Old & New" by Professor Hoffmann, including photographs of many original puzzles of the 1890s, mostly from his own collection.
Hordern's family gave the puzzle collection, including the famed Hoffmann puzzles, to collector James Dalgety, founder of Pentangle Puzzles and curator of the Puzzle Museum.


Meme Run

Meme Run was an endless running video game created by American indie developer Ninja Pig Studios (Jordan Schuetz and his brother) for the Wii U console's eShop service. The game features extensive use of Internet memes; for example, the player character is a stick figure with a trollface for a head, and the levels are made up of Lenny faces. The game was designed to appeal to both hardcore and casual audiences, but has been widely criticized both before and after its release for its perceived low quality.
The game was removed from the Nintendo eShop on March 3, 2015 by artist Carlos Ramirez due to copyright infringing use of the trollface by the developers.
Gameplay.
In "Meme Run", the player controls a stick figure with a trollface for a head. The character runs through procedurally generated 2D levels, jumping over and sliding under obstacles, until it is trapped between the continually sliding screen and an obstacle or falls into a bottomless pit. The player's total of "swag points" continually increases, and after a run, the player can post their high score to Miiverse. The levels are made up of the repeated "Lenny face" Internet meme, and other memes appear throughout the game, such as a "wombo combo!" scream when the player collects an item—a reference to a "Super Smash Bros. Melee" match recording on YouTube.
Development and release.
"Meme Run" was developed by Ninja Pig Studios, a small indie outfit consisting of 20-year-old (in 2014) developer Jordan Schuetz and his brother. The game contains copious use of memes, described as an "Internet meme-infused infinite runner (Yes, really)" by Joystiq. It was intended to appeal to both hardcore and casual gaming audiences by featuring both simple, intuitive controls and substantial difficulty once the character has run far enough.
The game was widely criticized before its release; in response, Schuetz responded that it was a parody intended to "troll" users and called it "Game of the Year 2014". However, Schuetz's friends in college enjoyed the game, and its description contains the quote "Tyrone rated this game 8/8 which means it's not b8 so come play m8." It was released on December 18, 2014 for the Wii U's eShop online service, their second eShop release after the poorly received puzzle game "IQ Test". Schuetz has stated that Ninja Pig's future plans are "a secret".
On January 5, 2015, Meme Run was put on Steam Greenlight in an attempt to release the game on Steam, which never came to fruition due to the shutdown of Steam Greenlight on June 6, 2017.
On January 19, 2015, "Bigley Mode" was added. By pressing B on the main menu, the user would be able to play as a character known as Bigley, an in-joke within the Miiverse community relating to the "Metroid" character Ridley and the reasons given for his absence from the video games "Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U".
On March 3, 2015, 'Meme Run' was pulled from the Wii U eShop with no public announcement. Its Miiverse community page was also taken down. A Reddit post purporting to be the copyright holder of the "troll face" meme claims he sent a DMCA notice to Nintendo to take down Meme Run. According to Schuetz, Meme Run failed Nintendo's legal tests at least three times.
Reception.
Prior to release, Mark Serrels of Kotaku called the game "terrifying" and opined that "just watching this video game being played is a genuine insight into what it is to be insane." The game was panned upon release, NintendoLife staff writer Lee Meyer gave "Meme Run" an extremely negative review, calling it possibly "one of the worst releases on any gaming platform this year" and stating that it was certainly not worth its price of US$4.99. Meyer found the copious use of memes to be unpleasant and jarring and also criticized the finicky controls. He suggested that its intention may have been to lampoon the proliferation of banal Internet memes, but felt that it had not succeeded.
Sequel.
On July 23, 2020, a sequel was released on Steam for Windows and macOS, titled "Meme Run 2". It features similar gameplay to the original but with non-copyrighted content.


Adam Tinworth

Adam Matthew J. Tinworth (born 6 November 1971) is a journalist and writer who co-authored two major role-playing games, ' and ' from White Wolf Publishing. He was also an extensive contributor to "", a game line that was subsequently ported to .
Since around 2005, he has become known as a commenter and analyst of digital journalism and social media. "The Guardian" covered his dispute with the National Union of Journalists over the role of bloggers in the news ecosystem, and has extensively referenced his work.
Career.
Adam Tinworth began his journalistic career by working on student magazines at Imperial College, London and Queen Mary, University of London. He has written the long-running journalism blog "One Man & His Blog" since 2003.
His blogging was first written about in the press during the 7 July 2005 London bombings, and was widely cited as an example of citizen journalism - ironically, as he was a working journalist at the time. By 2009 his site was described by "The Guardian" as a prominent blog, alongside publications like Paul Staines' "Guido Fawkes".
His blogging work led to him being appointed blogging editor for Reed Business Information, leading a push by the business-to-business publisher into blogs. Previously, he was features editor of "Estates Gazette", a weekly business magazine for the UK commercial real estate industry.
Tinworth has become known as a commenter, writer and analyst of digital media and its inter-relationship with journalism. His work initially was in the trade press, but expanded later to cover wider issues in more general forms of journalism. His work was quoted in "The Guardian" regularly during the late 2000s, presenting his comments on areas including journalistic blogging and the rise of paywalls.
In recent years, he has participated in evolving business models for online publishers. He has also participated in the debate around "fake news", and been interviewed, in his role as a journalism lecturer at City, University of London, on social media's role in its spread. He is regularly interviewed by trade sites for journalists.
While no longer a working journalist, he occasionally breaks stories like the closing of Friends Reunited, and the arrival of a new Kindle typeface.
Tinworth's work has been quoted in books, media articles and academic papers about digital journalism. He is one of the panel that contributes to the annual Reuters Institute study "Journalism, Media, and Technology Trends and Predictions".
Controversies.
Tinworth was criticised for taking non-traditional journalistic positions during a dispute with the National Union of Journalists, and debates about the future of journalism careers with journalism writer and academic Roy Greenslade.
Role-playing games.
In parallel to his journalism career, he began writing about RPGs for the British magazine "Arcane". He has contributed to over 25 role-playing game books for White Wolf Game Studio, including ' and ', as well as two for Onyx Path.
Author credits.
Role-playing games.
Other supplements which Adam Tinworth has co-authored include:


Dan Gelber (game designer)

Daniel Seth Gelber is a game designer who has worked primarily on wargames and role-playing games.
Career.
Dan Gelber had created an RPG design about a computer-controlled world of dystopic adventure called "Alpha Complex" that he ran for his local group, and Gelber's friend Greg Costikyan and Eric Goldberg approached Gelber about turning the setting into a professional product. Gelber gave Goldberg and Costikyan his notes for the game and they turned those ideas into a complete manuscript. Gelber, Costikyan , and Goldberg licensed "Paranoia" to West End Games, and Ken Rolston helped rewrite the rules before it was published in 1984.
Gelber also designed (with Jeffrey Simons and Evan Jones) The "Marvel Universe Roleplaying Game".


Emiliano Sciarra

Emiliano Sciarra (born December 6, 1971 in Civitavecchia, Rome, Italy) is a game designer of board games, card games and videogames.
He is the author of "Bang!", a Wild West themed card game published by daVinci Editrice.
Biography.
He has been fascinated by games since when he was 12 years old, and he wrote simple board games and word games for his schoolmates and relatives. In the same time he also showed interest in computers (years later he earned a degree in Computer Science at Sapienza University of Rome).
In 1988 he published his first game: a shoot 'em up videogame for the Commodore 64 called "Ciuffy" (Systems Editoriale), created using the software "SEUCK" by Sensible Software.
Starting from 1999 he wrote several reviews, games and articles for the magazine "PowerKaos" and the fanzine "Un'Altra Cosa", along with a brief "Little Informal Dictionary of Computer Science" ("Piccolo Dizionario Informale di Informatica"). His topics included logic puzzles, original games and theoretic discussions about the meaning of the game and its role in the human society.
Before becoming a professional game designer, he acquired experience as freelance computer programmer and Privacy advisor for several companies in Italy.
In 2000 he published "Invader", a board game inspired by early 80s videogames like "Space Invaders", on issues 69 and 70 of the magazine "PowerKaos" by Nexus Editrice.
In 2002 he published with daVinci Editrice, which was born shortly before, the card game "Bang!", created two years earlier. Sciarra decided to submit the game after the members of the local Chess Club (founded by Sciarra himself in 1998) were so addicted to the game that they preferred to play "Bang!" instead of Chess. The game was illustrated by Alessandro Pierangelini with Stefano De Fazi as Art Director: they were all born in Civitavecchia, too, as well as the daVinci Executive Director, Domenico Di Giorgio.
"Bang!" hit the shelves in July 2002: without any marketing by daVinci, the game entirely sold the first run (2400 copies) in less than three months, instead of the three years estimated by the company. According to official figures by daVinci, the game sold more than 500,000 copies and is distributed in 14 countries over the world.
In 2003 he won an Origins Award for "Best Traditional Card Game"; another Origins Award was assigned to Stefano De Fazi and Alessandro Pierangelini for "Best Graphic Design of a Card Game or Expansion". The game won also in 2002 the "Best of Show" Award at the Lucca Comics and Games fair.
He published several expansions for "Bang!", including "High Noon", "Dodge City", "Bang! - Face Off", and "A Fistful of Cards".
In 2010 he published the book "L'Arte del Gioco" (The art of play, Mursia) with an own definition of "game" suitable for game critic as well as the view of the game as a form of art.
Apart from games, Emiliano Sciarra is also a skilled musician (he wrote the stage music for the local Live Pieces of Chess, as well as stage music for shows and movies) and he also organizes and is invited to public speeches regarding traditional arts and sciences, videogames and ludology.


James G. Nell

James G. "Jim" Nell (born 1938) is an American engineer. He was the principal investigator of the Manufacturing Enterprise Integration Project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and is known for his work on enterprise integration.
Biography.
Nell received his Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering (BSEE) from Drexel University and his MBA from Bowling Green State University.
From 1961 until 1993 Nell worked at Westinghouse Electric Company in various assignments in systems engineering, international marketing, program management, and strategic planning and finally Manager of Information Technology Programs at the Manufacturing Systems and Technology Center of Westinghouse Electric Corporation in Columbia, Maryland. From 1993 to 2000 at NIST he was the principal investigator of the Manufacturing Enterprise Integration Project.
Formerly he was active in the TC 184 SC4 work to develop product- and process-data representation, serving as the US expert to the SC4 Strategic Planning Advisory Group. For the IGES/PDES Organization, he was Chairman of the Steering Committee. He was the original chair of the Evolving Standards Focus Group of the Agile Manufacturing Enterprise Forum at the Iacocca Institute, and a founding participant of the ANSI Organization for Harmonization of Product Data Standards. As a member of the National Initiative for Product Data Exchange staff, he was the architect of the NIPDE Electronic Library, an early application of the World-Wide Web.
Work.
Nell has concentrated on product-information representation, enterprise integration, and standards that apply to information representation and enterprise integration.
GERAM.
Generalised Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology (GERAM) is a generalised enterprise architecture framework for enterprise integration and business process engineering. It identifies the set of components recommended for use in enterprise engineering.
This framework was developed in the 1990s by an IFAC/IFIP Task Force on Architectures for Enterprise Integration. Starting from the evaluation of existing enterprise integration architectures, the Task Force has developed an overall definition of a generalised architecture. This proposed framework was labelled as GERAM for "Generalised Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology".
ISO TC184 SC5 WG1.
Jim Nell has been Convener of ISO TC184 SC5 WG1, Industrial Automation Systems and Integration, Architecture, Communications, and Integration Frameworks, Modeling and Architecture. He is a member of the US delegation to SC5, and a member of the US technical-advisory groups to TC184 and SC5.
Enterprise integration.
Enterprise integration has been discussed since the early days of computers in industry and especially in the manufacturing industry, with computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) as the acronym for operations integration. In spite of the different understandings of the scope of integration in CIM, it has always stood for information integration across at least parts of the enterprise. Information integration essentially consists of providing the right information, at the right place, at the right time.
The state of the art in enterprise engineering and integration in the 1990s according to Nell and Kosanke (1997) has been rather confusing.
Workflow modelling, business-process modelling, business-process re-engineering (BPR), and concurrent engineering all aim toward identifying and providing the information needed in the enterprise operation. In addition, numerous integrating-platforms concepts are promoted with only marginal or no recognition or support of information identification. Tools claiming to support enterprise modelling exist in very large numbers, but the support is rather marginal, especially if models are to be used by the end user, for instance, in decision support.
The understanding and application of enterprise-engineering and enterprise-integration technologies especially in the end-user community is hampered by the current confusion in solutions and terminology as well as by the lack of sufficient enterprise-integration technologies and their insufficient business justification. The need for enterprise-engineering and enterprise-integration technology is intensifying through the increasing emphasis on agile operation in globally extended or virtual enterprises.
Manufacturing Enterprise Integration.
At NIST Jim Nell was the principal investigator of Manufacturing Enterprise Integration Project. This project aimed to improve business process interoperability by developing standards to allow software applications to share information better.
Publications.
Nell has published several scientific and professional papers since the 1990s as well as edited multiple books.
Books:
Articles, a selection:


Varsha Shilpa

Varsha Shilpa is a duo of Indian costume designers, who designed for films like Do Dooni Char (2010), Ishaqzaade (2012), Shuddh Desi Romance (2013), Daawat-e-Ishq (2014) etc. They received Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design for Do Dooni Char. Their design for old couple, Rishi Kapoor and Neetu Singh earned that accolade. They later designed for actor Sushant Singh Rajput, Parineeti Chopra and debutant actress Vaani Kapoor in the film Shuddh Desi Romance (2013). Parineeti Chopra is their regular partner, they designed for her in Ishaqzaade and Daawat-e-Ishq also.
Fashion Shows.
Actress Huma Qureshi wore a midnight blue ensemble, designed by Varsha Wadhwa of the designer duo in a winter fashion show held in 29 December 2017.


Trampas Whiteman

Trampas Whiteman was born July 8, 1972, and grew up in the rural town of Odessa, Missouri. After graduating high school, he attended Central Missouri State University where he gained a Bachelor of Science in broadcasting and film.
Game design and comic books.
Whiteman is the founder of the Whitestone Council, the fan organization behind the Dragonlance Nexus. Since the founding of the council, Trampas has worked with Sovereign Press/Margaret Weis Productions as a designer on the "Dragonlance" sourcebooks for 3rd edition, including "Holy Orders of the Stars", "Knightly Orders of Ansalon", and "Races of Ansalon". He has contributed to many other "Dragonlance" sourcebooks, functioning as a compiler and contributor for "Lost Leaves from the Inn of the Last Home". Trampas also has credits in Bastion Press' "Pale Designs" sourcebook, as well as Whitesilver Publishing's Elves sourcebook for "Sovereign Stone".
Trampas also wrote the script adaptation for "The Legend of Huma" comic book series, from issues #3–5 (Dabel Brothers) and #6 (Devil's Due Publishing).
Podcasting.
Whiteman once worked on The Signal, the fan podcast for Firefly and Serenity, writing and reading the Gaming in the 'Verse section. He has since moved on to co-create the Dragonlance Canticle and SciFi Smackdown podcasts.
Bibliography.
Whiteman has contributed to the following works:


First-person (video games)

In video games, first person is any graphical perspective rendered from the viewpoint of the player's character, or a viewpoint from the cockpit or front seat of a vehicle driven by the character. The most popular type of first-person video game today is the first-person shooter (FPS), in which the graphical perspective is an integral component of the gameplay. Many other genres incorporate first-person perspectives, including other types of shooter games (such as light gun shooters, rail shooters and shooting gallery games), adventure games (including visual novels), amateur flight simulations (including combat flight simulators), racing games (including driving simulators), role-playing video games, and vehicle simulations (including sailing simulators and vehicular combat games).
Game mechanics.
Games with a first-person perspective are usually avatar-based, wherein the game displays what the player's avatar would see with the avatar's own eyes. Thus, players typically cannot see the avatar's body, though they may be able to see the avatar's weapons or hands. This viewpoint is also frequently used to represent the perspective of a driver within a vehicle, as in flight and racing simulators; and it is common to make use of positional audio, where the volume of ambient sounds varies depending on their position with respect to the player's avatar.
Games with a first-person perspective do not require sophisticated animations for the player's avatar, nor do they need to implement a manual or automated camera-control scheme as in third-person perspective. A first-person perspective allows for easier aiming, since there is no representation of the avatar to block the player's view. However, the absence of an avatar can make it difficult to master the timing and distances required to jump between platforms, and may cause motion sickness in some players.
Players have come to expect first-person games to accurately scale objects to appropriate sizes. However, key objects such as dropped items or levers may be exaggerated in order to improve their visibility.
History.
Origins.
First-person perspectives are used in various different genres, including several distinct sub-genres of shooter games. Shooting gallery games, which evolved from mid-20th-century electro-mechanical games and in turn late-19th-century carnival games, typically employ a first-person perspective where players aim at moving targets on a stationary screen. They in turn evolved into rail shooters, which also typically employ a first-person perspective but move the player through levels on a fixed path. Rail shooter and shooting gallery games that use light guns are called light gun shooters. The most popular type of game to employ a first-person perspective today is the first-person shooter (FPS), which allows player-guided navigation through a three-dimensional space.
It is not clear exactly when the earliest FPS video game was created. There are two claimants, "Spasim" and "Maze War". The uncertainty about which was first stems from the lack of any accurate dates for the development of "Maze War"—even its developer cannot remember exactly. In contrast, the development of "Spasim" is much better documented and the dates more certain.
The initial development of "Maze War" probably occurred in the summer of 1973. A single player makes traverses a maze of corridors rendered using fixed perspective. Multiplayer capabilities, with players attempting to shoot each other, were probably added later in 1973 (two machines linked via a serial connection) and in the summer of 1974 (fully networked). "Spasim" was originally developed in the spring of 1974 with a documented debut at the University of Illinois the same year. The game is a rudimentary space flight simulation game with a first-person 3D wireframe view. It allowed online multiplayer over the worldwide university-based PLATO network.
"Futurewar" (1978) by high-school student Erik K. Witz and Nick Boland, also based on PLATO, is sometimes claimed to be the first true FPS. The game includes a vector image of a gun and other armaments that point at the monsters. Set in A.D. 2020, "Futurewar" anticipated "Doom", although as to "Castle Wolfenstein"s transition to a futuristic theme, the common PLATO genesis is coincidental. A further PLATO FPS was the tank game "Panther", introduced in 1975, generally acknowledged as a precursor to "Battlezone".
1979 saw the release of two first-person space combat games: the Exidy arcade game "Star Fire" and Doug Neubauer's seminal "Star Raiders" for the Atari 8-bit family. The popularity of "Star Raiders" resulted in similarly styled games from other developers and for other systems, including "Starmaster" for the Atari 2600, "Space Spartans" for Intellivision, and "Shadow Hawk One" for the Apple II. It went on to influence two major first-person games of the 1990s: "Wing Commander" and "".
1980s.
Atari's 1983 "Star Wars" arcade game leaned entirely on action rather than tactics, but offered 3D color vector renderings of TIE Fighters and the surface of the Death Star.
Other shooters with a first-person view from the early 1980s include Taito's "Space Seeker" in 1981, "Horizon V" for the Apple II the same year, Sega's stereoscopic arcade game "SubRoc-3D" in 1982, Novagen's "Encounter" in 1983, and EA's "Skyfox" for the Apple II in 1984.
Flight simulators were a first-person staple for home computers beginning in 1979 with "FS1 Flight Simulator" from Sublogic and followed up with "Flight Simulator II" in 1983. MicroProse found a niche with first-person aerial combat games: "Hellcat Ace" (1982), "Spitfire Ace" (1982), and "F-15 Strike Eagle" (1985).
Amidst a flurry of faux-3D first-person maze games where the player is locked into one of four orientations, like "Spectre", "3D Monster Maze", "Phantom Slayer", and "Dungeons of Daggorath", came the 1982 release of Paul Edelstein's "Wayout" from Sirius Software. Not a shooter, it has smooth, arbitrary movement using what was later labeled a raycasting engine, giving it a visual fluidity seen in future games "MIDI Maze" and "Wolfenstein 3D". It was followed in 1983 by the split-screen "Capture the Flag", allowing two players at once, and foreshadowing a common gameplay mode for 3D games of the 1990s.
The arrival of the Atari ST and Amiga in 1985, and the Apple IIGS a year later, increased the computing power and graphical capabilities available in consumer-level machines, leading to a new wave of innovation. 1987 saw the release of "MIDI Maze", an important transitional game for the genre. Unlike its contemporaries, "MIDI Maze" used raycasting to speedily draw square corridors. It also offered a networked multiplayer deathmatch (communicating via the computer's MIDI ports). Sublogic's "Jet" was a major release for the new platforms, as were "Starglider" and the tank simulator "Arcticfox".
In 1988, "" featured first-person shooter levels and included a sniper rifle for assassinating an enemy agent at long range using an unsteady sniper scope. The same year saw the release of Arsys Software's "Star Cruiser".
In the late 1980s, interest in 3D first-person driving simulations resulted in games like "Test Drive" (1987) and "Vette!" (1989). 1989's "Hard Drivin arcade game from Atari Games was particularly influential, with fast filled-polygon graphics, a mathematical model of how the vehicle components interact, force feedback, and instant replay after crashes. In the following years, two "Hard Drivin-esque MS-DOS games appeared, each including a track editor: "Stunt Driver" from Spectrum Holobyte (1990) and "Stunts" from Broderbund (1991).
1990s.
In 1990, SNK released beat 'em ups with a first-person perspective: the hack & slash game "Crossed Swords", and the fighting & shooting game "Super Spy". In late 1991, the fledgling id Software released "Catacomb 3D", which introduced the concept of showing the player's hand on-screen, strengthening the illusion that the player is viewing the world through the character's eyes.
Taito's "Gun Buster" was released in arcades in 1992. It features on-foot gameplay and a control scheme where the player moves using an eight-direction joystick and aims using a mounted positional light gun. It allows two-player cooperative gameplay for the mission mode and features a deathmatch mode where two players compete against each other or up to four players compete in two teams.
In 1992, ' was among the first to feature texture mapped environments, polygonal objects, and basic lighting. The engine was later enhanced for usage in the games ' and "System Shock". Later in 1992, id improved the technology used in "Catacomb 3D" by adding support for VGA graphics in "Wolfenstein 3D". It would be widely imitated in the years to follow, and marked the beginning of many conventions in the genre, including collecting different weapons that can be switched between using the keyboard's number keys, and ammo conservation. 1996 saw the release of ' for MS-DOS by Bethesda Softworks, featuring similar graphics and polygonal structures to other games at the time and furthering the first-person element included in 1994's ', to which it was a sequel.
"Doom" (1993) refined "Wolfenstein 3D's" template by adding support for higher resolution, improved textures, variations in height (e.g., stairs and platforms the player's character could climb upon), more intricate level design ("Wolfenstein 3D" was limited to a grid based system where walls had to be orthogonal to each other, whereas "Doom" allowed for any inclination) and rudimentary illumination effects such as flickering lights and areas of darkness, creating a far more believable 3D environment than "Wolfenstein 3D"'s levels, all of which had a flat-floor space and corridors. "Doom" allowed competitive matches between multiple players, termed deathmatches, and the game was responsible for the word's subsequent entry into the video gaming lexicon. "Doom" has been considered the most important first-person shooter ever made.
The 1995 game "Descent" used a fully 3D polygonal graphics engine to render opponents, departing from the sprites used by most previous games in the FPS genre. It also escaped the "pure vertical walls" graphical restrictions of earlier games in the genre, and allowed the player six degrees of freedom of movement (up/down, left/right, forward/backward, pitch, roll, and yaw).


Bob Kurtz (animator)

Bob Kurtz, founder of Kurtz & Friends Animation, is a director, producer, artist, and designer who primarily works in films and TV commercials. He attended the Chouinard Art Institute. He has taught at the character animation program at the California Institute of the Arts.
Selected filmography.
Director / writer / designer / producer.
Harold And His Amazing Green Plants" 1984
sequences theaterical feature films
Other
TV
Awards.
Winner of over 250 major awards including:


Radmila Lolly

Radmila Lolly (Moscow, May 10, 1986) is a Russian-American singer, songwriter, and fashion designer. Her songs "U R Moving Me" and "Tonight" charted on "Billboard" Dance Club Songs list at positions 21 and 40 respectively. Her two studio albums were premiered at New York's Carnegie Hall and six of her songs were featured on the soundtrack for the film "Honor Up", directed by Damon Dash. As a fashion designer she has created designs for celebrities such as Nicole Ari Parker, Natti Natasha, Carla Morrison, Gayle King, Bebe Rexha and Mýa. She appeared on the cover of the virtual edition of the magazines "Elle India", "Glamour Bulgaria" and "L'Officiel Baltic".
Biography.
Musical career.
Lolly was born in Moscow, Russia on May 10, 1986. Since her childhood she became interested in music, especially in opera. Based in the United States, she released the singles "Black Star", "Hope", "Masquerade" and "When I'm With You" in 2015, and a year later she released her debut album, titled "IV Stories at the Standard Hotel". On March 28, 2016, she presented the album at Carnegie Hall in New York accompanied by Colombian pianist Julián de la Chica and the Scorchio Quartet.
"Wonderland", her second album, was also premiered at Carnegie Hall in an event entitled "A Night of Opera and Couture", in which Lolly performed live the entire record accompanied by a live orchestra and a fashion show with designs of her authorship. In 2018 she contributed with six songs for the soundtrack of the film "Honor Up", directed by Damon Dash and produced by Kanye West.
On November 19, 2019, his song "U R Moving Me", a collaboration with singer Dani Hagan, was ranked number 21 on "Billboard" Dance Club Songs chart. On March 27, 2020 she again appeared on the same list with the song "Tonight", which climbed to the fortieth position. The same year she released two new singles: "Rule 1" and "Snake Body", the latter produced by Carlos A. Molina. The artist is currently in the process of writing a novel, which she will accompany with a new studio album composed of 27 musical movements.
Fashion career.
Lolly began to create her own clothing for her musical presentations. As her designs were so well received, she decided to start her own couture line, known as Eltara Casata. She presented her first haute couture collection at Gotham Hall in New York City, and on the occasion of the release of her album "Wonderland", Lolly presented a new collection of her own. Her designs have appeared in several runway shows, including Barney's Madison Avenue Trunk Show and the Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony. Celebrities like Carla Morrison, Natti Natasha, Nicole Ari Parker, Gayle King, Bebe Rexha and Mýa have worn her designs.


Microsoft JhengHei

Microsoft JhengHei (微軟正黑體) is a sans-serif typeface included in Windows Vista and later and Microsoft Office 2007. It follows the Standard Form of National Characters prescribed by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China (Taiwan) and is intended to be used in Traditional Chinese language environments using ClearType.
Microsoft JhengHei UI.
It is a version of Microsoft JhengHei with alternate character design.
Microsoft JhengHei TC, Microsoft JhengHei TC UI.
They are versions of Microsoft JhengHei and Microsoft JhengHei UI respectively, sold by Monotype. Each family includes a light version of the font (Microsoft JhengHei TC Light, Microsoft JhengHei UI TC Light).
Availability.
Downloading and installing the Traditional Chinese ClearType fonts for Windows XP from Microsoft also makes Microsoft JhengHei available on Windows XP.
Microsoft JhengHei UI is included with Windows 8 or later.


NASCAR Heat 5

NASCAR Heat 5 is a racing video game simulating the 2020 NASCAR season. It was developed by 704Games and was published by Motorsport Games on July 10, 2020 for PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows via Steam. Chase Elliott is the cover athlete for the standard edition, and Tony Stewart is the cover athlete for the Gold Edition.
Gameplay.
Other than a new single-player track testing mode, gameplay remained largely the same as its predecessor, "NASCAR Heat 4". Minor tweaks to pit stops, the paint booth and in-race retirements (DNF) were also introduced.
Development and release.
After having Monster Games develop the first four installments of the rebooted "NASCAR Heat" series, publisher 704Games took over development and handed publishing over to Motorsport Games. "NASCAR Heat 5" was released on July 7, 2020 for those who pre-ordered the Gold Edition; standard copies of the game were released on July 10. Along with the early release date, the Gold Edition includes bonus spotter voices, paint schemes and career mode opportunities. Additional downloadable content packs were also announced with the release of the game.
Reception.
Before its release, "Heat 5" was criticized for focusing on minor changes instead of addressing major issues that previous "Heat" titles had. Developer 704Games claimed that the approach was due to limitations of legacy code that the game was built on.


Kick (video game)

Kick is an action video game where the player controls a clown on a unicycle catching falling balloons and "Pac-Man" characters on the clown's hat. It was released in arcades by Midway in 1981. The game was later renamed Kick Man (sometimes written as Kick-Man). Commodore published a Commodore 64 port in 1982 without the space in the title as Kickman.
Gameplay.
The player controls a clown on a unicycle who moves left and right along the bottom of the screen. Balloons dislodge from several rows at the top and fall. The goal is to catch them on the clown's hat. As the stack of caught ballons grows taller, it becomes more difficult to catch them on the first try. If a balloon falls below the top of the stack, pressing the "kick" button when near the clown's feet launches it back into the air. The main character and ghosts from "Pac-Man" sometimes stand-in for balloons, having different effects. If an object hits the ground, then the player loses a life.
"Kick" also has a bonus stage.
Reception.
"Electronic Games" wrote in 1983 that the game had been unsuccessful despite "top-notch background graphics and special sounds for effects. Can you imagine a game featuring Pac-Man that "didn't" make it? "Kick Man" is it." The Commodore 64 version was somewhat better received, gaining a Certificate of Merit in the category of "1984 Best Arcade-to-Home Video Game/Computer Game Translation" at the 5th annual Arkie Awards.
Legacy.
Utopia Software published a clone called "Pinhead" for the Atari 8-bit family in 1982.


The Sockman

The Sockman (commissioned as The Sock) is a bronze statue in Loughborough town centre.
The sculpture depicts a man seated on a bollard, naked except for the eponymous sock on his left foot. The sock is symbolic of Loughborough's hosiery industry, and the plinth is engraved with images of the town's history.
The piece has become iconic, and is used as a symbol for Loughborough.
History.
In 1997, Charnwood Borough Council decided to have a sculpture to provide "an attractive feature and focus of public interest" in the newly-pedestrianised Loughborough Market Place. They chose a central site just in front of Loughborough Town Hall.
A competition was held in which five artists were selected to design a statue. A panel of local experts and laypeople were gathered to make the decision; the winning design was by Scottish sculptor, Shona Kinloch. Her piece was favoured for artistic quality, technical merit, and durability (being both weather and vandal resistant).
The council commissioned "The Sock" in April 1998 at a cost of £23,000.


Yeojin Bae

Yeojin Bae is a South Korean-born Australian women's wear fashion designer.
Early life.
Bae was born in 1975 in Seoul, and moved to Sydney in 1980.
In an interview in 2010, Bae said that she had dreams of being a fashion designer from a young age, with her grandfather and both her parents being involved within the fashion industry. From the age of four, Bae began to attend art school.
At age 15, she was the youngest student attending the Melbourne Whitehouse Institute of Design, graduating at the age of 17.
Career.
Bae had internships in New York with Marc Jacobs and Anna Sui.
Bae won the 2007 Tiffany & Co Young Designer of the Year Award and in 2009 was nominated for the Prix de "Marie Claire" Designer of the Year Award.
She has achieved international recognition through having her collections sold in the US, UK and UAE. Stockists have included Barneys and Henri Bendel of New York, Matches in London, Sace and Harvey Nichols in Dubai, and Satine.
In Australia, her collections are sold in Myer and she collaborated with Target Australia in October 2007 to design dress collections.
She has also been employed as a senior designer for the labels Saba and Charlie Brown and worked with Marcs.
Her label has been listed in publications that include "Nylon", "Russh", US "Harpers", US "Elle", "Harpers Bazaar" Dubai, Australian "Vogue", "Harpers Bazaar" and "Marie Claire".


Power Glove (band)

Power Glove is an Australian electronic music and synthwave duo from Melbourne, Victoria, named after the Nintendo Power Glove. They provided the soundtrack to the 1980s-influenced retro-futuristic video game "" (April 2013). The soundtrack was met with critical acclaim.
History.
Power Glove was formed in Melbourne as the electronic music, synthwave duo (under pseudonyms) of Michael Biehn and Michael Dudikoff. In reality, the duo consists of brothers Jarome and Joel Harmsworth. The Harmsworths chose the name "Power Glove" based on a self-described obsession with Nintendo's 1989 Powerglove commercials.
The duo's music gained widespread attention with the track "Hunters" featured in the 2011 Canadian independent film "Hobo with a Shotgun" and the track "Vengeance" was used in the 2012 film "The ABCs of Death". Their first extended play, the four-track "EP 1" (a.k.a. "So Bad"), was released in January, 2012. Tracks by the group have appeared in various artists' compilation albums.
The duo provided the soundtrack to "" (April 2013), which is a 1980s-influenced retro-futuristic video game. Michael Langley of CraveOnline website described that Dean Evans of Ubisoft contacted the group and asked if they would create the soundtrack to the game. The group notes that the direction for their work on the game's soundtrack was based on notably succinct instructions: "Okay guys, three words, Purple Lazer Beams".
Since releasing their second EP, EPII in 2015 the duo has scored the "Blood Dragon" themed iteration of the "Trials" video game series, "Trials of the Blood Dragon" which was released in June, 2016 by Ubisoft.
On May 17th of 2019, the duo released their third album, entitled "Playback". The album was self-released on digital platforms, with a vinyl print being distributed by Electronic Purification Records.
The duo also featured in the 2019 documentary film "The Rise of the Synths", which explored the origins and growth of the Synthwave genre, appearing alongside various other composers from the scene, including John Carpenter, who also starred in and narrated the film.
On October 19, 2020, Power Glove debuted on independent music label Monstercat with Mercenary, in collaboration with music producer F.O.O.L, featured in Mercenary EP.


Guity Novin

Guity Novin ("née" Navran; born 1944) is an Iranian-born Canadian artist, known as a figurative painter and graphic designer. She classifies her work as "transpressionism" (trans- and impressionism), a term coined by Novin in the 1990s. Her works are in private and public collections worldwide. Novin has served on a UNESCO national committee of artists.
Early life and education.
Novin was born Guity Navran in 1944 in Kermanshah, Iran. In early 1953, the Navran family moved to Tehran.
Career.
After graduating from the Faculty of Fine Arts with a BA in graphic design, Novin was employed as a graphic designer in the Department of Graphic Arts at the Ministry of Culture and Arts (MCA) in Tehran, in 1970. She also began to design the cover of magazines like Zaman, and various literally periodicals such as Chaapar, and Daricheh.
In addition she participated in numerous group exhibitions such as the Women artists exhibition during Asian Games of 1974. As well, She exhibited in the "Salon d' autumn", Paris.
Her illustrations were published in "Le Carnaval de la licorne" (2001), and her work "Pears in Blue" was published in "Abnormal Psychology".
Vancouver period, 1996 to present.
Novin moved to Vancouver in 1996. From 1996 onwards in a series of shows, she called her style as Transpressionism, and viewed it as a new initiative in art. Solo shows in this period include "The Bliss of Solitude" (2004), "And Yet the Menace of the Years Find, and Shall Find, Me Unafraid" (2006), "Whispered of peace, and truth, and friendliness unquelled" (2007), 'She opened her door and her window, And the heart and the soul came through" (2008), and "but love is the sky and I am for you, just so long and long enough" (2009) (All at North Vancouver Community Arts Council, "Art in Garden"). She also participated in a number of group shows, including two shows at the Ferry Building Gallery in 2006 and 2008, and in the CityScape gallery in 2009.
Graphic design work.
Novin has illustrated the covers of magazines like Negin and Zaman; and the publications of the Free Cinema of Iran. She was also the graphic designer of the First Tehran International Film Festival. In Ottawa her illustrations were published in the Breaking The Silence Magazine during the 1980s.


Summertime on Icarus

"Summertime on Icarus" is a science fiction short story by British writer Arthur C. Clarke, first published in "Vogue" in 1960. It was also published under the title "The Hottest Piece of Real Estate in the Solar System".
Plot summary.
An astronaut is stranded on the near-Earth asteroid (actual Apollo asteroid Icarus) as it approaches perihelion. Possibly the first instance of the term 'pod' for the one-person space vehicle made popular in .


Harlan Mills

Harlan D. Mills (May 14, 1919 – January 8, 1996) was Professor of Computer Science at the Florida Institute of Technology and founder of Software Engineering Technology, Inc. of Vero Beach, Florida (since acquired by Q-Labs). Mills' contributions to software engineering have had a profound and enduring effect on education and industrial practice. Since earning his Ph.D. in Mathematics at Iowa State University in 1952, Mills led a distinguished career.
As an IBM research fellow, Mills adapted existing ideas from engineering and computer science to software development. These included automata theory, the structured programming theory of Edsger Dijkstra, Robert W. Floyd, and others, and Markov chain-driven software testing. His Cleanroom software development process emphasized top-down design and formal specification. Mills contributed his ideas to the profession in six books and over fifty refereed articles in technical journals.
Mills was termed a "super-programmer", a term which would evolve to the concept in IBM of a "Chief Programmer."
Achievements.
The ICSE-affiliated colloquium "Science and Engineering for Software Development" is being organized in honor of Harlan D. Mills, and as a recognition of his enduring legacy to the theory and practice of software engineering. The ICSE-affiliated colloquium "Science and Engineering for Software Development" was being organized in honor of Harlan D. Mills (1919–1996), and as a recognition of his enduring legacy to the theory and practice of software engineering. The first annual "Harlan Mills Practical Visionary Prize" award was presented in 1996. This award is given to an individual who has demonstrated a long-standing and meaningful contribution to both the theory and practice of the information sciences.
Career.
Early life.
Born in Liberty Center, Iowa. As a young man, Mills studied art with Grant Wood. During World War II, Mills became a bomber pilot in the U.S. Army Air Corps. His skills in flying and teaching were such that rather than having him fly missions, the Army assigned him to train other pilots.
Education.
Mills served on the faculties of Iowa State University, Princeton, New York and Johns Hopkins Universities, the Universities of Maryland and Florida,
and Florida Institute of Technology (FIT). At Johns Hopkins and Maryland, he initiated one of the first American university courses in structured programming. At Maryland, he developed a new two-semester freshman introduction to computer science and textbook "Principles of Computer Programming: A Mathematical Approach" with co-authors Basili, Gannon, and Hamlet. At FIT, he developed a new freshman and sophomore curriculum for software engineering using Ada as the underlying language with colleagues Engle and Newman.
Industry.
Mills was an IBM Fellow and Member of the Corporate Technical Committee at IBM, a Technical Staff Member at GE
and RCA, and President of Mathematica and Software Engineering Technology. At GE, he developed a three-month curriculum in management science attended by hundreds of GE executives. At IBM, he was the primary architect of the IBM Software Engineering Institute where thousands of IBM software personnel were trained in the mathematical foundations of software. He later embodied the mathematical and statistical principles for software in the Cleanroom software engineering process. As founder of Software Engineering Technology, he created an enterprise for Cleanroom technology transfer.
Nation.
Mills had an abiding interest in fostering sound software engineering practices through federal programs. During the formative period of the DoD DARPA STARS Program in the 1980s, he provided fundamental concepts for development of high quality software at high productivity. In 1986, he served as Chairman of the Computer Science Panel for the U.S. Air Force Scientific Advisory Board. During 1974-77, he was Chairman of the NSF Computer Science Research Panel on Software Methodology.
Profession.
Mills was a program committee member and invited speaker for many professional conferences, and a referee for many mathematics and
computer science journals. From 1980-83, he was Governor of the IEEE Computer Society. In 1981, he was the Chairman for IEEE Fall CompCon. During 1975-81, he served as Editor for IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. In 1977, he was the U.S. Representative for Software at the IFIP Congress. In 1975, he was the Chairman of the First National Conference on Software Engineering.
Harlan D. Mills Award.
To honor Mills the IEEE Computer Society created the "Harlan D. Mills Award", the first one presented in 1999, for "contributions to the theory and practice of the information sciences, [focused on] software engineering".


Prelude for War

Prelude for War is a mystery novel by Leslie Charteris featuring his Robin Hood-inspired crime fighter, Simon Templar, alias "The Saint". The book was first published in the United Kingdom in 1938 by Hodder and Stoughton, and in the United States by The Crime Club the same year. Previously, the novel had been serialized in the American magazine "Cosmopolitan". Publication of the book marked the 10th anniversary of the Simon Templar character.
Later editions of the book were retitled The Saint and the Sinners and The Saint Plays with Fire. This was the last time a Simon Templar novel or short story collection would be published under different titles (although a later novella, "The Saint and the Sizzling Saboteur" from "The Saint on Guard" would later be published individually).
Plot.
A peaceful moonlight drive in the English countryside is interrupted when Simon Templar and Patricia Holm listen to a disturbing radio broadcast from France by a would-be dictator who plans to make it the latest in a growing number of European dictatorships under a ruling party, the Sons of France. This broadcast disturbs Patricia, and Templar makes a dire ([[World War II|and, as it will turn out, accurate) prediction that the future of Europe will be one of invasions and [[concentration camps]].
The two adventurers are interrupted in their worries when they spot a house on fire in the distance. Rushing to help, Templar enters the burning building but is unable to rescue a man trapped inside. Later, he and Patricia learn that one of the occupants of the house is a known war profiteer, who is expected to make millions off both sides if a new European war erupts.
Templar, examining the facts of the fire and the man's death, comes to the conclusion that he was murdered. When he is later called to testify at a coroner's inquest into the death, Templar is disturbed to see an obvious whitewash underway that attempts to label the death as accidental. Templar launches his own investigation into the death, which gets off to a bad start when one of his targets is murdered, and [[Scotland Yard]] Chief Inspector [[Claud Eustace Teal]] catches Templar leaning over the dead body.
Now firmly intrigued, Templar continues his investigations, which lead him on the trail of an [[assassination]] plot designed to spark a Second World War, a clue to which is provided from beyond the grave.
The book's cover indicates this plot element, portraying the Saint as trying to close a door through which armed soldiers are trying to enter.
"Prelude for War", in retrospect, can be seen as a prelude for Templar's later work on behalf of the war effort, as chronicled in "[[The Saint in Miami]]" and succeeding books written and set during World War II.
Television adaptation.
"Prelude for War" was adapted as an episode of "[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]" entitled "The Saint Plays with Fire". The episode aired on November 28, 1963 during the second season. It is one of only a few full Saint novels to be adapted for the series.
[[Category:1938 British novels]]
[[Category:Simon Templar books]]
[[Category:Novels by Leslie Charteris]]
[[Category:Works originally published in Cosmopolitan (magazine)]]
[[Category:Novels first published in serial form]]
[[Category:Hodder & Stoughton books]]


KDRP-LP

KDRP-LP (103.1 FM), is a radio station licensed to Dripping Springs, Texas, United States. The station is currently owned by Principle Broadcasting Foundation.
KDRP focuses on the music of the great American traditions of Rock and Roll, Blues, R&B, the authentic genres of Country such as Honky-Tonk, Western Swing, and Rockabilly.
Mission.
KDRP's mission in part, is to preserve the culture of Texas music with a minimal impact on the environment. We help foster new radio broadcasting careers for the residents of the Texas Hill Country and provide 24-hour a day, free local radio for the communities we serve. Proceeds are used to expand local programming, in the creation of local jobs, as support for other non-profit organizations, to broadcast local musicians and events, and in funding new capital projects designed to increase our coverage area.
Sports.
KDRP broadcast the Dripping Springs Tigers high school sports and can be heard on 103.1FM in Dripping Springs and on KDRP.org.


Prepositus Brixiensis

Prepositus Brixiensis, i.e. the "Provost of Brescia", (fl. 1430) was a late medieval Italian composer and singer at Padua Cathedral.
Works and recordings.
Only four ballate and one rondeau survive:


Robert W. Laing

Robert W. Laing is a British production designer, art director and set decorator. He won an Academy Award and was nominated for another in the category Best Art Direction.
Selected filmography.
Laing won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction and was nominated for another: