H Committee of Human Vindication

The H Committee of Human Vindication (Spanish: H Comité de Reivindicación Humana), better known by its initials HCRH, is a Mexican art collective founded by Rodrigo Azaola, Artemio Narro and Octavio Serra that operated as a phantom and universal pseudo-organization, supposedly founded in 1947. The HCRH created numerous conferences, texts, actions, editorial projects, music, radio programs and artworks that utilize a highly ironic and intellectual language for "ridiculing the hollow pomposity of institutional culture." The public art activities of the HCRH, in festivals for example, were produced between 1996 and 2004, a period in which globalization and neoliberal politics in Mexico were incipient and the market-driven art world was consolidated.
Its work has been shown at various venues including: Museo Jumex, Mexico City; Havana Biennial, Cuba; Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art, Rotterdam; CCA Wattis Institute for Contemporary Arts, San Francisco; National Centre of Contemporary Arts, Moscow; Museo Carrillo Gil, Mexico City; Centre d’Art Santa Monica, Barcelona; Ex-Teresa, Mexico City; Americas Society, New York; Museo Tamayo, Mexico City; among others.
In 1999, the HCRH created one of its more notable actions: "The Universal Destitution Campaign", which consisted of a letter sent by fax to several Mexican political and cultural personalities, ordering them to abandon their posts on the grounds of unsatisfactory performance. The extensive list of recipients included presidential candidates, politicians, social activists, artists, writers, art critics and journalists.The campaign ended up with officials from the Ministry of Interior visiting the HCRH members' homes.
Another campaign by the HCRH was the massive distribution of stickers (1998-1999) in Mexico City that read, ""When injustice is law, resistance is a must"." In 2002, the ephemeral and phantasmagoric nature of their work materialized in an image of the HCRH logo, drawn with salt on the entrance floor of the Carrillo Gil Museum, and which the passage of visitors and workers of the museum blurred as they stepped in."
For the 7th Havana Biennial (2000) the HCRH created a free ice cream distribution project, as well as the distribution of hundreds of books, among them: "Brave New World" by Aldous Huxley, "Gulag Archipelago" by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and "1984" by George Orwell.
The HCRH also organized several academic conferences with fictitious international scholars in different universities and museums --such as Universidad Iberoamericana, Universidad Intercontinental, Museo Rufino Tamayo and Faculty of Arts and Design (formerly known as the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas or ENAP). They also created numerous fictional radio programs that were transmitted on XEUN-FM, the radio station of the National Autonomous University of Mexico.
While the work of the HCRH is mostly intangible and ephemeral, they created a number of architectural drawings and blueprints for fictional urbanization plans, such as the "Children Vineyard" (a chain of orphanages built along the Northern Hemisphere wine regions), the "Payoff Memorial", the "Air Crash Memorial" (as part of the 1998 project "NY AWAKE": "long before the collapse of the twin towers, 'monuments unequivocally indicate that Man learns from his own history, and —contrary to popular belief— he enjoys repeating it") and "The Museum of Good" (2003).
Conceptualized as a spherical building, "The Museum of Good" is a two-faced institution. In one side, everything that throughout human history may be considered as culturally good and kind it's collected and exhibited. In the other side, all things considered as shameful and ignominious are represented.The fictitious architectural model refers to the dual character of cultural institutions, not only as places of knowledge, but also as systems that operate according to political and cultural ideologies, occasionally financed by questionable corporations, for which art serves as a tool to achieve political and economical aims. The Museum of Good was last exhibited in 2016 at the Jumex Museum.
In 2019, the monograph "HCRH: Septuagésimo Aniversario 1947-2017" was published by Alumnos 47 Foundation.
Rodrigo Azaola and Artemio Narro are fellows of the National System of Artistic Creators of the National Fund of Culture and Arts (FONCA).


Naot

Teva Naot () is an Israeli shoe and sandal manufacturer based at Kibbutz Neot Mordechai.
History.
Naot, which opened in 1942, started out as a small kibbutz factory producing work boots. Currently, it employs 160 workers and designs a new line of footwear every year to keep up with global fashion trends. Naot's products include a variety of shoes and sandals for men, women and children with special insoles that conform to the shape of the wearer's foot. Footbeds can be replaced by a user's custom orthotic insoles, or by standard replacements for worn ones.
In 1988, shoe manufacturing in Israel suffered from the glut of inexpensive imports from the Far East. Naot Mordechai considered shutting down its shoe factory. The economic situation of the kibbutz was so serious that it became part of a study of failing companies at the economics department of Tel Aviv University. Ami Bar-Nahor was assigned to be a consultant for Naot Mordechai as part of a class exercise. He came up with the idea of modernizing both the product and production to attract the new health-conscious shoe consumer. "I aimed at a sort of Israelization of Birkenstock,” said Naor, referring to a well-known German footwear manufacturer. Bar-Nahor spent four years at Naot Mordechai. Traditional biblical sandals had inflexible soles; Naot used a flexible footbed of cork, natural rubber or leather. Adjustable leather straps allowed for swelling of the feet.
Bar-Nahor hired young designers from the Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design in Jerusalem and Shenkar College in Tel Aviv to add color and interest to the old style sandals produced mainly in beige, brown and black. In 2006 Shamrock Holdings, based in Burbank, California, paid US$31 million for the purchase of 66 percent of the enterprise.
In 2011 Teva Naot was targeted by Canadian protesters who said that the soles were manufactured in the controversial Gush Etzion West Bank settlements. In the wake of the protests, sales in the company's Canadian stores actually increased.
International markets.
Naot exports 80% of its production worldwide. Major markets include the United States (distributor: Yaleet Inc., Farmingdale, New York), Canada (distributor: Solemates Inc., Toronto, Ontario), Germany, UK and Australia. In 2011 Teva Naot's turnover in Canada was C$20 million, with nine stores. Naot footwear is distributed in Europe by Naama Naot Germany, and AJJH Ltd., UK.


2nd Hum Awards

The 2nd Hum Awards ceremony, presented by the Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel (HTNEC), sponsored by servis and Telenor talkshawlk, honored the best in fashion, music and Hum Television Dramas of 2013, which took place on 29 March 2014 at Expo Center in Karachi, Sindh beginning at 7:30 PST. The ceremony was recorded and was broadcast on 25 May 2014. During the ceremony Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel presented awards in 29 regular categories along with 2 in honorary and 1 in special category. The ceremony was televised in Pakistan by Hum TV, while Servis returned as a main sponsor of the show.
Television personalities Meekal Zulfiqar and Sanam Saeed hosted the show along with Sanam Jung and Vasay Chaudhry. Meekal Zulfiqar and Vasay Chaudhry hosted the show second time, after hosting the 1st ceremony. During the ceremony Hum held its annual Honorary Awards, which were presented by host Fahad Mustafa.
"Zindagi Gulzar Hai" won nine awards, the most for the ceremony, including Best Director Drama Serial for Sultana Siddiqui and Best Drama Serial Jury and Best Drama Serial Popular for Momina Duraid. "Aseerzadi" won three awards including Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor, for Sania Saeed and Salman Shahid respectively. "Dil-e-Muztar" and "Ek Pagal Si Larki" won two awards each. While others dramas to win one award were "Rehaai", "Ishq Humari Galion Main", "Extras – The Mango People", "Rishtay Kuch Adhorey Se", "Behadd" and "Ullu Baraye Farokht Nahi".
Winners and nominees.
The Nominees of Hum Awards were announced on 2 March 2014 at the bloggers meeting by GM Public Relations and Publications Shehnaz Ramzi, In meeting Only Four categories were announced which were set open for public voting on channels official website, and rest of the categories were announced during the ceremony. This year Television Awarding categories were rendered in to two portion as Viewers Choice and Jury choice. "Zindagi Gulzar Hai", "Aseerzadi" and "Dil-e-Muztar" tied for the most nominations with thirteen each, and "Zindagi Gulzar Hai" bags nine awards in all of its nominations.
Noman Ejaz and Samina Peerzada became the second time winner of Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress respectively. Sania Saeed and Salman Shahid respective wins in the Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor categories made "Aseerzadi" the second drama to win both alternative acting awards. Umera Ahmad won Best Writer Drama Serial for "Zindagi Gulzar Hai", made her second time win and had two nominations in same category consecutively. Umera was the only individual whose work were nominated in all main categories, including Best Actor and Best Actress (Viewers/Jury), Best Supporting Actor/Actress and Best Television film which ultimately won for director Asim Raza. Sanam Saeed and Fawad Khan won the Best Actress and Best Actor Popular receptively. Fawad and Sanam won both Jury and Viewers Choice category of Best Onscreen Couple. Arij Fatyma was the only soap actress to be nominated consecutive for Best Soap Actress and ultimately won. Momina Duraid, Fawad Khan, Sanam Saeed and Noman Ejaz were the only individuals to win multiple awards, with two trophies each.
Awards.
Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface:
Honorary Hum Awards.
The Hum presented its honorary awards during the ceremony by holding the tradition of honoring the extravagant works of artists across the country. During the ceremony two Hum Honorary Awards and Lifetime Achievement Award were presented.
Hum Honorary Special recognition.
Special Hum trophies were presented by Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel to Bilal Lashari and Humayun Saeed for their record breaking success of films which helps the revival of Pakistani Cinema after a period.
Dramas with multiple nominations and awards.
The following 14 Dramas received multiple nominations:
The following Four dramas received multiple awards:
Presenters and performers.
Presenters (in order of appearance).
The following individuals were chosen to present awards:
Performers.
The following individuals were chosen to perform musical numbers:
Ceremony information.
Television personality Mikaal Zulfiqar and Sanam Saeed hosted the show, with co-host Vasay Chaudhry and Sanam Jung. Mikal and Vasay Hosted the show second time after hosting 1st ceremony in 2013. Vasay and Mikaal hosting of the show utilize improv, asking impromptu section of question answers and criticizing others actors and celebrities. Show held its red carpet event modernizing it by giving the official name of Interactive Lounge #humawards2014. Presenters Waqar Ali Khan and Sarwat Gillani posed an Impromptu photo (selfie) facing their back to audience.
Winners were announced during the awards ceremony on 29 March 2014. Momina Duraid became the first producer in Awards to win an Hum trophy for second time for Best Drama Serial, while Sultana Siddiqui became the oldest and first Female recipient to win Best Director Drama Serial, Sultana returns to directing after almost the gap of ten years. "Rehaai" was second in the race of most nominations with twelve, but lost all accept for Best Acting category.
out of thirteen nominations "Dil-e-Muztar" only won two awards including Best Original Soundtrack for Alycia Dias and Best Television Sensation to Sanam Jung. "Ullu Baraye Farokht Nahi" was among with those dramas who have won only one award having most nominations. Fawad Khan, Sanam Saeed, Sania Saeed Sanam Baloch, saba Qamar, Fahad Mustafa, Noman Ejaz, Adnan Siddiqui, Mikaal Zulfiqar and Ahsan Khan bagged consecutive Best Actor and Best Actress nominations for this year ceremony too. Momina Duraid was the only individual to be nominated twelve times as a producer, most nominations for the ceremony. Samina Peerzada and Yumna Zaidi were the only individuals to be nominated for both Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress category. Compared to last year nominations, 2nd ceremony nominates only nine dramas and all competition was mostly among these nominated dramas. In Viewer's Choice categories "Zindagiu Gulzar Hai" won all awards, Including Best Actor and Best Actress Viewers choice. In Fashion, Deepak Perwani and Emran Rajput bags the consecutive nominations for Best Designer Womenswear and Best Designer Menswear respectively consecutive this year too. Ayyan Ali, Rabia Butt, Fouzia Aman and Abbas Jafri, Omer Shehzad, Muhammad Mubarik Ali were all nominated second time for Best Model Female and Best Model Male respectively. In Music Falak and Abbas Ali Khan were nominated second time as Best Solo Artist while Usman Mukhtar was nominated as a producer for Best Music Video for second time.
Broadcasting.
Hum Awards supervene its first ceremony, organizing the event off-air on 29 March 2014 and started broadcasting after passing through the censorship criteria of Pakistan Censor Board on 25 May 2014.
Making of Awards.
Hum Awards Making is the part of award ceremony in which Stage Making of show, Rehearsing of performances and miscellaneous happening related to show has been shown, this is an off-and-on program which is not a compulsory event to be shown, unlike Red Carpet. Making of Awards was hosted by Television personalities Anoushey Ashraf and Mansha Pasha, in which rehearsing of stars, making of stage, make-up, hair styling, dressing and all the things which was related to show was shown. This year Hum Awards Red carpet was arranged in the foyer area which was furbish with white couches that were complemented by a backdrop of glass-work and bright lights with soothing music by Wahab Shah. Nazeer Saeed Janjua serve as director and producer second time while, Umer Mukhtar and S.Ommar Rehman as Assistant Director, Umer Mukhtar as Co-Producer, Saad Ahmed as Line Producer, Hassan Shirazi as Head of Transportation, Khair Muhammed as Technical Director and Choreography by ActOne, Backstage management by Production "O21".
Voting trend and summary.
Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel set open four categories called Viewers Choice Categories for public voting from 7 March 2014 to 25 March 2014. Where audience can vote and select their favorite actors in categories such as Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Drama Serial and Best Onscreen couple. Online public voting receives immense reception from people and they vote hectically to their best television personalities.
Rests of the categories were totally jury selected and voted by Hum membership as a whole. Jury awards also includes Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Couple and Best Drama Serial, While Fashion and Music categories were completely based on membership voting's.
Awards categories.
As compared to first ceremony 2nd Hum awards holds difference criteria of categories, some of categories were not awarded and some were introduces.
Categories split-ion.
With the inception of Award Ceremony in 2013, both Jury and Viewers Choice categories were present but didn't mention and carried out specifically. For 2nd ceremony Television categories was split in two section Jury Choice Categories and Viewers Choice Categories, Jury Categories comprises total of sixteen television categories, while Viewers Choice contains only Four popular categories, all viewers categories were also included in Jury i.e.; Best Actor Viewers choice and Best Actor Jury Choice. Similarly in Fashion and Music all categories were Viewers choice based.
Criteria of categories were introduced to avoid biased reception from audience and critics. Thus introducing the interference of Public in selection process shows the respect and devotion for public. While Fashion and Music categories were awarded same as did in first ceremony.
Not awarded categories.
Having many changes in the event, main change was awarding categories, as compared to first ceremony which follow the simple categories criteria in Fashion, Music and Television. This year following categories were not awarded:
The dis-closer of these categories were not explained and not mention.
Newly introduced categories.
As with the removal of some categories new categories were introduced in Television and Music Categories. In Television following categories were introduced:
While in Music only one category was introduced
Changes had wholly been made by Hum management and membership as a whole.
Special awarded categories.
Pakistan Film Industry shows extravagant achievement and progress in 2013, such effort has earned a great reputation to boost-up the lost Pakistani Film Industry. Many Television Directors, producers and writers were tuned up to Silver screen, and year 2013 has been proved tremendous for film industry, Bilal Lashari’s long-awaited movie "Waar" broke several records on domestic and international screens, earning critical and financial success. While Humayun Saeed biographical movie "Main Hoon Shahid Afridi" also achieve financial and critical success, while others independent films like "Seedlings", "Zinda Bhaag", and "" were major hits, film "Zinda Bhaag" was selected as an official entry for Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film after 50 years which was first done by "Aina". To celebrate such success Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel honored Humayun Saeed and Bilal Lashari for their exceptional works towards cinema and for the revival of Pakistani Film Industry.


WebMacro

WebMacro is a framework for developing Java Servlets. It enforces a Model-View-Controller framework on a project allowing for a clean separation of concerns in the design. In particular, WebMacro keeps program source code absolutely separate from presentation HTML code. WebMacro is open source software.
WebMacro was initially created and designed by Justin Wells at Semiotek Inc. in the mid-2000, when the project was taken over by a team at SourceForge. Extensive discussions of WebMacro on the Java Servlet-Interest mailing list at that time may have been influential in Sun Microsystems decision to move their Java Server Pages product to a Model-View-Controller architecture.
WebMacro can also be used to generate arbitrary text output from templates (one of its uses is automated code generation).
The template language is very similar to the language used in Apache Velocity and there is an automated script to perform the migration.
The Apache Velocity project was started as a clean room re-implementation by Jon Scott Stevens, Geir Magnusson and Jason van Zyl after agreement could not be reached on adoption of the Apache License.
The current version of WebMacro is BSD licensed.


Heyri Art Valley

Heyri Art Valley () is an artistic community in the unification hill district of Tanhyeon-myeon, Paju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. It was constructed by artists, writers, painters and other creatives.
Heyri Art Valley is Korea's largest artistic community with an area of approximately . In 1997, Heyri was conceived as a planned settlement. It began in 1998 with an inaugural meeting attended by 380 cultural artists. This unique community village integrates concepts that coexist in the fields of production, exhibit, sales, and habitation of cultural art. From a functional perspective, the Heyri Art Valley was planned with an urban form that focused on cultural businesses. It is home to many galleries, museums, exhibit halls, concert halls, small theaters, cafes, restaurants, bookstores, guest houses, art shops, and creative living spaces for artists. Each building was designed by dozens of nationally and internationally renowned architects, who also designed features of the natural landscape, such as mountains, hills, swamps, and brooks. The community derives its name from a traditional Nongyo (farming song), "the sound of Heyri," native to the region.
History.
When it was originally conceptualized in 1997, the village was envisioned as a "book village" that would connect to the nearby Paju Book City as part of the Unification Land Development Project. As development began, the village attracted many artists who contributed ideas to expand the initial vision. Their contributions led to the project's transformation into a broader "cultural art Village" which is now known as Heyri Art Valley.
Space.
Each building in Heyri serves one or more cultural purposes and often has a theme. For example, there is a Magazine House; on the first floor there is a magazine store, on the second, a cafe that sells coffee and bagels, and on the third floor a magazine history exhibit space. In Heyri, there are no buildings taller than three stories.
The spaces in Heyri meet one or more of the following purposes:
Tourism.
Heyri Art Valley attracts many tourists year round that visit to view the art created there.
Access.
Heyri is located approximately 20 miles northwest of Seoul (approximately 1 hour by public transportation). There is no entry fee to the artistic community; however, some of its spaces may charge admission fees. Most of the spaces are closed on Mondays.
Festival.
There are various festivals of varying sizes held in Heyri throughout the year. Management of events and festivals is handled by Heyri or by the individual cultural spaces that host them.
Heyri Pan Art Festival.
Since 1997, the Pan Art Festival has been the primary festival at Heyri. Various visual art festivals, performance art festivals and participatory events are held each day during the Pan Festival. Art Road 77 is one of the significant parts of Pan Art Festival. Since 2009, Art Road 77 has been an art fair as well as a charity event that donates their sales proceeds to Save the Children.


High Velocity

High Velocity – Mountain Racing Challenge (Touge King: The Spirits - 峠KING・ザ・スピリッツ) is a racing game developed by Cave and published by Atlus for the Sega Saturn video game console. It focuses on one-on-one races staged on circuits made from Japanese mountain roads, featuring Japanese performance cars. It is the first in Atlus’ long running Touge series.
It was released on November 10, 1995 in Japan, and in North America in 1996.
Gameplay.
The game offers three core gameplay modes – King Battle, Vs. Battle, and Time Trial – as well as six vehicles and three circuits.
In King Battle, players participate in a series of one-on-one heats around each configuration of each of the game's three circuits.
The Versus mode allows two players to race against each other in a split-screen configuration. As well as being one of the Saturn's first split-screen racing games, High
Velocity – Mountain Racing Challenge offers players the option to partition the screen horizontally or vertically.
The final gameplay mode, time trial, allows players to race against the clock around an empty track.
In all, the game offers three core courses, which can be driven in either standard or reverse configurations. The courses are essentially designed to mimic Japanese mountain roads but are configured as closed circuits.
Six cars feature in the game. Although none of the cars are licensed, they are designed to look like popular Japanese performance cars of the period. Players can apply various upgrades to the cars to boost performance, and each vehicle is available in different colors.
Graphics.
Uniquely for games of the period, "High Velocity – Mountain Racing Challenge" features a draw distance that nearly always extends to the visible horizon. It also has an optional widescreen mode.
Reception.
A reviewer for "Next Generation" found many merits with the game: "With a top-speed comparable to any of the big names in the racing world, this game earns high marks for being an exciting fast ride. There are also an impressive list of options and technical achievements that go along with the racing action including absolutely no draw-in slowdown, a successful two-player mode (which offers the choice of either vertical or horizontal split-screen), a full list of engine modifications, and an awesome replay feature with seven choices of camera angles." However, he felt the fact that players can only race against one other car at a time is a major flaw which keeps the game from being a wholly great experience, and scored it three out of five stars. "GamePro"s brief review also deemed the limited number of competitors to be a major flaw, additionally criticized the sound effects, and was more dismissive of the game in general.
The game saw strong sales in Japan.
Sequel.
On April 18, 1997, Atlus released a sequel, "Touge King: the Spirits 2", again developed by Cave. It was never released outside Japan.


Wes Cowan

C. Wesley Cowan (born September 4, 1951 in Louisville, Kentucky) is an American anthropologist, auctioneer, and appraiser of antiques. He is an owner of Cowan's Auctions, Inc. in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Education and career.
Cowan is a licensed auctioneer in Ohio and received a B.A. and M.A. in Anthropology from the University of Kentucky,
and a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Michigan.
After receiving his Ph.D., he taught at the Anthropology Department of Ohio State University.
In 1984, Cowan moved to Cincinnati, Ohio to be the Curator of Archaeology at the Cincinnati Museum of Natural History & Science. He has published in the fields of American archaeology and paleoethnobotany.
In 1995, he left academia and founded his antiques business, Cowan's Auctions, Inc. in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Cowan has been a regular in the PBS series "Antiques Roadshow" and "History Detectives".


Grand Slam (bomb)

The Bomb, Medium Capacity, (Grand Slam) was a earthquake bomb used by RAF Bomber Command against German targets during the Second World War. The Grand Slam was a larger version of the Tallboy bomb and closer to the size that its inventor, Barnes Wallis, had envisaged when he developed the idea of an earthquake bomb.
Medium Capacity (M.C.) bombs were designed to remedy the shortcomings of General Purpose (G.P.) bombs, with a greater blast and casings which were robust enough to confer a considerable capacity to penetrate, especially Tallboy and Grand Slam bombs.
The Grand Slam case was made of a chrome-molybdenum alloy steel and had a charge-to-weight ratio of over 43 per cent. It was also known as Ten Ton Tess because of its weight.
Development.
Medium Capacity bombs.
Medium Capacity (M.C.) bombs were designed to address the shortcomings of General Purpose (G.P.) bombs, which had a charge-to-weight ratio of about 27 per cent (contemporary German bombs had a ratio of fifty per cent). M.C. bombs were to have a charge-to-weight ratio of at least forty per cent and use explosives of greater power, although shortages led often to inferior explosive types being used. High Capacity (H.C.) bombs had a charge-to-weight ratio of up to 75 per cent. M.C. bombs had greater blast effect than G.P. bombs but had casings which were robust enough to confer a considerable capacity to penetrate.
Grand Slam.
On 18 July 1943, work started on a larger version of the Tallboy bomb, which became the Grand Slam. As with the earlier Tallboy, the fins of the Grand Slam generated a stabilising spin. The bomb had a thicker case than a G.P. bomb, which allowed deeper penetration and the Grand Slam had a charge-to-weight ratio of nearly fifty per cent. The Grand Slam was so heavy that in the air, the wing tips of the Lancaster bent upwards by until the bomb was released; the aircraft then leapt . After release, the Grand Slam would reach a near-supersonic speed of and would penetrate deep underground before detonating. The explosion could form a camouflet (cavern) and shift the ground, undermining the foundations of the target. The first Grand Slam was tested at the Ashley Range in the New Forest, on 13 March 1945 and left a hole deep with a diameter of . The first successful Grand Slam operation was flown the next day.
Tactics.
A modified Avro Lancaster B.Mk 1 (Special) bomber was designed for the Grand Slam, equipped with Merlin 24 engines, minus front and mid-upper turrets and the crew reduced to five; the bomb bay doors were removed and a stronger undercarriage installed. Like the Tallboy, after hot molten Torpex was poured into the casing, the explosive took a month to cool and set. Aircrews were told to land with an unused bomb on board rather than jettison them into the sea if a sortie was aborted. The commander of 617 Squadron, John "Johnny" Fauquier gave orders that if returning with a bomb, an aircraft would divert from RAF Woodhall Spa in Lincolnshire, and use the longer runway at RAF Carnaby near the coast at Bridlington in East Yorkshire.
Grand Slam operations, 1945.
Bielefeld, 14 March.
By mid-March 1945, over had been dropped on the Bielefeld viaduct in 54 attacks and damage from 17 hits in one raid was repaired in 24 hours. After abortive attempts on 9 and 13 March, on the next day, fifteen Lancasters of 617 Squadron, carrying 14 Tallboys and a Grand Slam fuzed for an 11-second delay, returned. A Mosquito of 627 Squadron was present to film the attack along with four Oboe Mosquitoes of 8 (Pathfinder Force) Group to mark the target, escorted by eight squadrons of P-51 Mustangs. The cloud base was at and the air was quite hazy; at the viaduct, cloud cover at the north end precluded a north-to-south bombing run. The Lancaster carrying the Grand Slam, flown by Squadron Leader C. C. Calder, made a run from the south and dropped the Grand Slam bomb from , a height far from ideal, at . The Lancaster rose suddenly as the bomb left the aircraft. The pilot of the filming aircraft, which recorded the attack from called that the bomb had destroyed the viaduct. The effect of the Grand Slam could not be distinguished from that of the eleven Tallboys but photographic reconnaissance later showed that of the north viaduct and of the south viaduct had been demolished.
Arnsberg, 15 and 19 March.
On 15 March, in poor weather, two aircraft of 617 Squadron carried Grand Slams with 14 Lancasters of 9 Squadron carrying Tallboys to attack the railway viaduct at Arnsberg. The -long viaduct, built from brick and stone faced with concrete, crossed the Ruhr in five spans. A Grand Slam was dropped from at on the fourth attempt and the second bomb was brought home because of cloud cover. Ten Tallboys were also dropped with no effect and no aircraft were lost. On 19 March, 19 Lancasters of 617 Squadron, six with Grand Slams and 13 with Tallboys, attacked the viaduct again. A photographic aircraft from the Australian 463 Squadron filmed the Grand Slams falling and showed one hitting the west end of the viaduct. A Grand Slam hit the side of the bridge and two dropped slightly short of the aiming point. One Lancaster tried to bomb twice but the release mechanism failed. Two spans of a length of about were brought down into the water and the embankment was destroyed for about and the rail lines severely damaged; after the war one Grand Slam casing was found at the site, thought to have landed flat on the road, only the filling at the rear of the casing having exploded. The crews had been briefed to avoid a hospital near the viaduct and managed to do so.
Arbergen, 21 March.
Twenty Lancasters of 617 Squadron, two carrying Grand Slams and the rest Tallboys, flew in clear weather to Bremen to attack a railway bridge which crossed the Weser near Nienburg. The first Grand Slam was dropped from , landing short and the second fell off target to the north, due to (anti-aircraft fire) and aiming problems. The Tallboys hit the middle of the bridge and the ends were blown off their piers, the pier to the east collapsed onto the ground and the western pier was twisted and sagged to the ground at one place; part of the railway track, above the embankment and the first pier on the west side, was wrecked. One Lancaster was shot down near Okel and left a crater deep; five Lancasters were damaged by and an attack by a Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter.
Nienburg, 22 March.
Twenty Lancasters of 617 Squadron, six carrying Grand Slams fuzed for 25–30 seconds' delay and 14 carried Tallboys with one-hour delay fuzes, attacked the railway bridge at Nienburg, between Bremen and Hanover in atmospheric conditions ideal for bombing. One Lancaster crew claimed a near miss with a Grand Slam and another crew claimed a hit. A third Lancaster crew found that their bomb would not fall off at the first two attempts and the bridge collapsed before the third, the crew bringing back the bomb. A fourth Grand Slam was reported to have hit the east end of the structure. Reconnaissance photographs showed that the bridge had been destroyed.
Bremen, 23 March.
The Grand Slam Lancasters of 617 Squadron were fitted with Avro Lincoln undercarriages, with tyres at , double that of Lancaster tires. Another railway Bridge near Bremen was attacked later in the day by twenty 617 Squadron Lancasters, six carrying Grand Slams and 14 with Tallboys in weather that was as good for the Bremen anti-aircraft defences as it was for bombing. Lancaster NG489 was hit by and the crew jettisoned the Grand Slam to regain control. Several other Lancasters were hit by anti-aircraft fire and four others were attacked by Me 262s, fifteen of which were seen on the flight to the target. Crews reported three hits and two near-misses to the south and the bridge was brought down by a Tallboy.
Farge, 27 March.
Twenty Lancasters of 617 Squadron attacked the Valentin submarine pens ( was the code name for Vegesack) at Farge, north of Bremen-Vegesack. The pen was intended to be the assembly plant for the Type XXI submarine and work had commenced in 1942. The plant was long and wide, with of the structure above ground and below. The roof was made of reinforced concrete with arched trusses on the walls, filled with concrete. Twenty Lancasters, thirteen with Grand Slams, seven with Tallboys fuzed for one hour, were escorted by eight RAF Mustang squadrons to the target. The weather was good over Farge, with slight and no fighter opposition. One Lancaster returned soon after take-off and another turned back over the target with engine-trouble, ditching the Grand Slam in the North Sea. Two of the fourteen hits on the pens were by Grand Slams, which landed near the middle of the roof and exploded deep in the concrete, each causing about of the roof to fall in and leaving large holes; no aircraft were lost.
Hamburg, 9 April.
Number 617 Squadron dispatched 17 Lancasters to bomb the U-boat pens at Hamburg, two with Grand Slams and the rest with Tallboys. The formation was escorted by Spitfire and Mustang fighters. fighters, including jets, attempted to intercept the formation. Five hits were claimed but the Grand Slams appear to have missed; reconnaissance photographs revealed seven hits, four through the roof. Many buildings to the north and west of the pens were destroyed or damaged. Six Lancasters were hit by but no aircraft were lost.
Heligoland, 19 April.
An attack on coastal gun-batteries on Heligoland and Düne in the Heligoland Bight, the south-eastern extremity of the North Sea, was planned by the RAF. The military installations on the main island comprised a radar installation covering the Elbe and Weser rivers, an airfield and a coastal battery each of and guns. To ensure that Allied ships could enter the Elbe and Weser estuaries, Bomber Command intended to attack the island with bombs but at least forty heavy anti-aircraft guns on the islands had to be silenced. The gun positions had a diameter of about and only hits or near misses could damage them. On 18 April 953 bombers attacked the anti-aircraft guns and achieved some hits. The next day, twenty Lancasters of 617 Squadron, six carrying Grand Slams and the rest Tallboys, along with 16 aircraft from 9 Squadron, escorted by six squadrons of Spitfires and one of Mustangs, attacked the islands and achieved more hits; no aircraft were lost.
Aftermath.
Analysis.
In March 1945, 156 day sorties were flown, 31 with Grand Slams and 40 with Tallboys. An analysis of the bombing accuracy of 617 Squadron and 9 Squadron on Tallboy sorties found that, using different bomb sights and bombing from heights between , 1 per cent of the Tallboys dropped by 617 Squadron were gross errors (defined as missing the aiming point by more than ) against 10 per cent of the Tallboys dropped by 9 Squadron. Unlike the Tallboy, the Grand Slam was designed to penetrate concrete roofs and was more effective against fortifications than earlier bombs. By the end of the war, 41 Grand Slams had been dropped on operations.
Project Ruby.
Beginning in March 1946, Project Ruby was a joint Anglo–American project to investigate the use of penetration bombs against heavily protected, concrete targets. The submarine pens near Bremen were chosen as a target, having become unusable and abandoned since the attack on 27 March 1945. Grand Slams were carried by Lancasters from 15 Squadron and US B-29 bombers. Around 140 sorties were flown, testing bombs including the rocket-assisted Disney bomb.
Examples.
Five complete Grand Slam bombs are preserved and displayed in the United Kingdom at the RAF Museum, London; Brooklands Museum; RAF Lossiemouth; Dumfries and Galloway Aviation Museum and the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight Visitors' Centre at RAF Coningsby. Main portions of these bombs, without their lightweight tails, can be seen at the Kelham Island Museum in Sheffield and Yorkshire Air Museum at Elvington. The T-12 Cloudmaker is an American-made variant of the Grand Slam; an example is displayed at the Air Force Armament Museum in the United States.


The Peach Pickers

The Peach Pickers is an American songwriter team, composed of Rhett Akins, Dallas Davidson, and Ben Hayslip.
Akins and Hayslip met while attending high school together in Valdosta, Georgia, before Akins signed a contract with Decca Records in the mid-1990s. Davidson began songwriting in college, where he was roommates with singer Luke Bryan at Georgia Southern University. He and Akins met in 2004 when the two co-wrote "Kiss My Country Ass", which both Akins and Blake Shelton recorded. After Akins brought Davidson to a songwriting session, the three began holding songwriting meetings every Wednesday. Among the songs that they have written together are Shelton's "All About Tonight", Josh Turner's "All Over Me", Jack Ingram's "Barefoot and Crazy", Brooks & Dunn's "Put a Girl in It", Joe Nichols' "Gimmie That Girl", and Bryan's "I Don't Want This Night to End". All three members of the team also have co-writers' credits outside their collaborations.


Sakhi Thomas

Sakhi Elsa is an Indian costume designer or fashion designer working predominantly in
Malayalam films.
Early life.
Sakhi completed her schooling in Sarvodaya Vidyalaya and Pre-University in Mar Ivanios College. Further she took her bachelor's degree in Commerce.
Pursuing her passion, in 2004 she completed her two-year post graduation course from National Institute of Fashion Technology in Knitwear Design & Technology.
Her collection titled ‘The Fragrance of a Dream’ (Mehak-E-Khwab) was spotlighted as the mid-way-opening collection of the 2004 Knitwear Design Show at NIFT.
Career.
She has designed costumes for leading film actors including Mohanlal, Prakash Raj, Manisha Koirala, Nayanthara, Trisha, Dileep, Sreenivasan, Nivin Pauly, Dulquer Salmaan, Fahadh Faasil, Kunchacko Boban, Asif Ali, Suraj Venjaramoodu, Manoj K. Jayan, Biju Menon, Unni Mukundan, Prathap K. Pothan, K. P. A. C. Lalitha, Siddique, Saiju Kurup, Aju Varghese, Suhasini Maniratnam, Sameera Reddy, Samvrutha Sunil, Mamta Mohandas, Nithya Menon, Shwetha Menon, and Ann Augustine.


Miles Copeland Jr.

Miles Axe Copeland Jr. (July 16, 1916 – January 14, 1991) was an American musician, businessman, and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officer best known for his close personal relationship with Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser and his "controversial books on intelligence," including "The Game of Nations: The Amorality of Power Politics" (1969) and "The Game Player: Confessions of the CIA's Original Political Operative" (1989). In his memoirs, Copeland recounted his involvement in numerous covert operations, including the March 1949 Syrian coup d'état, the Egyptian 1952 Coup d'etat and the 1953 Iranian coup d'état. A conservative influenced by the ideas of James Burnham, Copeland was associated with the American political magazine "National Review". In a 1986 "Rolling Stone" interview, he stated, "Unlike "The New York Times", Victor Marchetti and Philip Agee, my complaint has been that the CIA isn't overthrowing enough anti-American governments or assassinating enough anti-American leaders, but I guess I'm getting old."
Background and family life.
The son of a doctor, Copeland was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He did not graduate from college. According to history professor Hugh Wilford, there is nothing in Copeland's CIA files to suggest he was a professional musician, but "several relatives and friends have testified to his musical ability." Copeland's books contain "several impressive statements about his days as a jazz musician", including that "he spent a week playing fourth trumpet in the Glenn Miller orchestra", although this claim has been discredited.
Copeland was married to archaeologist Lorraine Adie. He was the father of music manager Miles Copeland III, booking agent Ian Copeland, film producer Lorraine (Lennie) Copeland, and drummer Stewart Copeland, a founding member of the rock band The Police.
Career.
CIA founding.
At the outbreak of World War II, Copeland joined the National Guard, and contacted Rep. John Sparkman of Alabama, who arranged a meeting with William J. Donovan. The two hit it off immediately, but Copeland nonetheless was not recruited to Donovan's Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and instead joined the Corps of Intelligence Police, which became the Counterintelligence Corps (CIC) in January 1942. Copeland was stationed in London and reportedly gained the top-secret "Bigot" clearance and took part in discussions about Operation Overlord.
After the conversion of the OSS into the Strategic Services Unit on 1 October 1945, Copeland joined what would become part of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Serving in London, he became a lifelong Anglophile. He married Lorraine Adie, a Scot he had met during the war when she was serving in the Special Operations Executive.
CIA career.
Among Copeland's first postings was Damascus, Syria (September 1947) beginning a long career in the Middle East. Together with Stephen Meade (1913–2004) he played a role in supporting the March 1949 Syrian coup d'état. Working with Kim Roosevelt, he was instrumental in arranging Operation Ajax, the 1953 technical coup d'état against Prime Minister of Iran Mohammad Mosaddegh.
In 1953, Copeland returned to private life at the consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton while remaining a non-official cover operative for the CIA. He traveled to Cairo to meet Gamal Abdel Nasser, who had overthrown King Farouk and taken power in Egypt, advising Nasser on the development of the Mukhabarat and becoming Nasser's closest Western advisor. Copeland opposed major paramilitary CIA operations such as the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in 1961 on the grounds that they were impossible to keep secret due to their size.
Copeland was known for his "Machiavellian sense of pessimism about human nature", which he derived in part from "The Machiavellians", a book written by his "intellectual mentor", the Trotskyist-turned-conservative James Burnham. Copeland requested Burnham's "advice about ways to shore up revolutionary governments" and distilled Burnham's teachings into three key points: 1) The major priority of any government is perpetuating its rule; 2) Political leaders must remain cognizant of the irrationality of their subjects; and 3) A successful revolution requires a certain degree of political repression, although it is more advantageous if repression is kept to a minimum.
In "The Game Player", Copeland recounted that he was sent to Egypt to assess the feasibility of assassinating Nasser "on the tacit understanding that he would reach a negative assessment" and thus "discourage any British attempt".
Arriving in Cairo, Miles immediately confessed his mission to Nasser, whereupon the old friends began gaming out possible assassination plots. "How about poison?" the American asked the Egyptian. "Suppose I just wait until you turn your head and then slip a pill into your coffee?" "Well, there's Hassan standing right there," replied Nasser. "If I didn't see you Hassan would." "But maybe we could bribe a servant to poison the coffee before bringing it in?" "The coffee would only kill the taster." And so the conversation carried on—at least in Miles's recollection.
Retirement.
Copeland retired from the CIA in May 1957 to start the consulting firm Copeland & Eichelberger in Beirut, Lebanon, with his CIC and CIA colleague James Eichelberger; he did, however, continue to perform assignments for the Agency on request. Copeland and his family returned to London in 1970. He made regular appearances on British television as an intelligence expert and pursued work in journalism, writing books on foreign policy, an autobiography, and contributing to the conservative American magazine "National Review". He helped Waddingtons design a board game, "The Game of Nations", in which superpowers compete for influence in "the imaginary region of Kark"; the game was loosely based on Copeland's book of the same name. Copeland's memoirs have a strong literary quality and contain many embellishments, making it difficult to gauge the historical accuracy of the covert operations he describes. He was active in 1970s political efforts to defend the CIA against critics, including the Church Committee. In 1988, he wrote an article titled "Spooks for Bush" which asserted that the intelligence community overwhelmingly supported George H. W. Bush for president; he had named Bush his favorite CIA director.


RR7349

RR7349 (its cassette release titled HD037) is the third studio album by Texas synthwave group Survive. Completed in January 2015, it wasn't until September 2016 that the album was released by the labels Relapse and Survive's own Holodeck. As with other releases by the band, "RR7349" follows a slow-tempo style using elements of dark wave, electro, and intelligent dance music. Reviews of the album from critics were very favorable, some of them highlighting that it has a complex narrative unusual for instrumental electronic music albums. The LP peaked at number 108 on the American "Billboard" 200 album chart.
Composition.
As with other Survive works, the album is a slow tempo synthwave record containing "foggy atmospheres" and many elements of dark wave, electro, and intelligent dance music, AllMusic journalist Paul Simpson wrote. The album has a 1980s film score style a la the works of John Carpenter, Tangerine Dream, Giorgio Moroder, and Vangelis. Simpson described the album's structure as "heavy and spacious," or "heavily detailed without feeling dense or overloaded." Critic Patric Fallon wrote that the LP has two categories of tracks: ones having "predictable structures with the tension and broad scope of soundtrack music" and normal synthpop tracks. "Under the Radar" analyzed it has a "coloring-in of atmosphere signifying experimentation with the capacity of [analog synths]."
Also like the band's previous releases, "RR7349" "explores emotional terrains of uncertainty and irresolution, where well-deep and halogen-bright synthesizers creep and dart between streetlamps and shadows," "Thump" analyzed. Where the album differs from past Survive albums, however, is its "rigid rockist mentality," where the synthesizers are performed "like guitars" and the "drum machines like a set of Ludwigs," stated "Resident Advisor".
Writer Luke Fowler noted that every song on "RR7349" "begins with an explosion of synths and drums before breaking down two-thirds of the way through and transitioning to an extended outro."
"Gigsoup" categorized the LP as a three-movement release: its first movement ("A.H.B." to "Dirt") having an "uplifting, exploratory vibe," the second movement ("Wardenclyffe" to "Low Fog") displaying a "boldly identifiable notion of cold-blooded terror looming upon the listener, achieved by the quartet’s mastery of multi-layered synth at varying ranges and frequencies," and the concluding movement ("Copter" to "Cutthroat") having "a sense of embrace and an overcoming of the terror that once loomed."
Release and promotion.
Despite being completed in January 2015, "RR7349" took a long time for it to get publicly released due to the challenge of finding a label to issue it. Survive was signed to metal label Relapse Records via Timmy Hefner, leader of the metal festival Chaos in Tejas and friends with both Survive and the staff at Relapse. Survive gave Hefner the album, who in turn handed the album over to Relapse. As the group recalled in a 2016 interview, "We decided, why not get our album in front of a million people who wouldn't hear it otherwise? Maybe some of them will like it."
On April 18, 2016, Relapse announced Survive signed to the label, and their next album would be released late in the summer season. However, the date was moved to September for unknown reasons. "Exclaim!" debuted it via streaming on September 27, 2016. Relapse issued the vinyl and digital editions on September 30, 2016 as "RR7349" (its catalog number), while the cassette version was issued on Survive's own label Holodeck the same day "HD037" (also its catalog number). On October 26, 2016, the Chris Rusch-directed video for "Copter" was released. Filmed in Austin, Los Angeles, and Croatia, the video is a mix of aerial shots and the group performing in a dark area.
Survive issued an extended play titled "RR7387" on November 3, 2016, which features remixes of the album's songs by Lena Willikens, Not Waving, Sam Haar, and Justin K Broadrick. On January 10, 2017, the group released a BitTorrent file containing recordings of one of their live performances of 2011, the "RR7349" track "Wardenclyffe" and the video for "Copter" also included. On February 21 and February 22, 2017, Survive performed at the Deaf Institute in Manchester and the Village Underground in London to support "RR7349".
Critical reception.
Honoring "RR7349" as "one of 2016’s most cinematic and compelling electronic albums," Fowler claimed it had "the sheer confidence of a debut [album]," his only minor criticism being the lack of structural variety between tracks. Simpson praised "RR7349" as Survive's "most accomplished work," analogizing it as a "silver screen debut by a director whose films previously went straight to video (or on-demand streaming)."
"The Line of Best Fit" called it "an authentic, muddy footprint in the world of poorly produced electronic music saturating our airwaves," reasoning that "they're pushing the boundaries and reinterpreting music in an exciting way within the digital age, making us pause to rethink and reminisce what was special about a specific age of music and the amazing technology that has come before."
Some critics highlighted the complexity and progressiveness of the songwriting on "RR7349" unusual for most artists to have. More specifically, they honored it for being a non-dance electronic record that had a dynamic narrative executed only from instrumentals. "Spectrum Culture" praised it as an album meant to be listened to from start to end, which results in "an exercise in vision and craft that should be appreciated by those who seek out challenging music." The "Austin Chronicle" compared it to the works of Boards of Canada and Trent Reznor in that it "mingles the tangible with the abstract to spur a novel meld of both imaginative atmosphere and gripping substance." "Exclaim!" commended the record as "an album that never repeats itself, offering up a work that plays out more like a multi-chaptered book than some simple '80s homage that's jumped the shark." "PopMatters" claimed, "Normally, nostalgia is synonymous with a lack of imagination, but that is not the case here. Rather, there is sincerity and depth here that saves it from being a semi-ironic nostalgia exercise."
"RR7349" also garnered a few mixed reviews. "Earbuddy" felt most of the music was "just being pretty neat" and "demand[ed] visuals to give it context," while "Now" described it as a "suite of discrete moods than a cycle of songs [...] too ornamented to be background music but without enough conceptual underpinning to create a world of its own."


Mark Ritchie (pinball designer)

Mark Ritchie (born August 20, 1958) is an American pinball designer and video game producer. He is best known for his successful pinball designs from 1982-1996. He has continued to work in the coin-operated amusement industry, currently serving as production coordinator for Raw Thrills, Inc. / Play Mechanix, Inc. Mark is the younger brother of fellow pinball designer Steve Ritchie.
Career.
Atari, Inc. (1976 - 1979).
Ritchie's first job in the pinball industry was with Atari, Inc. in 1976. While at Atari, he held many jobs. His first position was as an assembler at Atari's Santa Clara, California video game production facility. A few months later, Ritchie was part of a group selected to help start Atari's pinball production facility in Sunnyvale. He served there as a production line lead and in 1978 was promoted to prototype specialist within Atari's pinball engineering group. There, he was responsible for building, cabling and testing prototype pinball machines. It was during this time that he learned the business of pinball design and development. While at that position, Ritchie worked on the pinball titles "Hercules", "Superman", "Space Riders" and "Monza".
Williams Electronics, Inc. (1979 - 1993).
In 1979, Ritchie was hired by Williams Electronics, Inc. in Chicago, Illinois as a prototype specialist, and in 1981, he was given the opportunity to design a game of his own, "Thunderball". Ritchie went on to design a total of 12 games for Williams, including "Taxi", "Diner", "Fish Tales" and "". While at Williams Electronics, Ritchie also designed two "pitch-and-bat" novelty amusement games, "Pennant Fever" and "Slugfest".
Capcom Coin-Op, Inc. (1993 - 1996).
Ritchie left Williams Electronics in August, 1993 for a new opportunity at Capcom Coin-Op, Inc. He was hired as director of engineering for Capcom's new pinball division. Capcom made 5 pinball titles under Ritchie's leadership, including "Pinball Magic", "Big Bang Bar" and "Kingpin", which was Ritchie's last conventional pinball design to date.
Ritchie Design, Ltd. (1996 - 1997).
After Capcom closed its pinball division in 1996, Ritchie started a game design firm aptly named Ritchie Design, Ltd. His first product was a redemption game entitled "Road Kill Grill", the rights to which were eventually sold to Incredible Technologies, Inc.
Incredible Technologies, Inc. (1997 - 2005).
In 1997, Ritchie accepted a full-time position at Incredible Technologies, Inc. as a designer and producer. While there, he was responsible for the packaging vision for a new digital jukebox project, which was at the forefront of the technology. Both designed and tested extensively, the product was not produced in significant numbers. Following, Ritchie was asked to provide packaging and design inspiration for I.T.'s new foray into touchscreen countertop game design.
In 2001, Incredible Technologies agreed to produce Big Buck Hunter which was developed by Play Mechanix, Inc., and Ritchie assumed the role of producer on the project. Ritchie also designed "Orange County Choppers" – a video pinball game themed after the popular reality television series.
Raw Thrills, Inc. / Play Mechanix, Inc. (2005 - Present).
In 2005, Ritchie left Incredible Technologies and began work at Raw Thrills, Inc., a video game production studio headed by acclaimed game designer Eugene Jarvis.
After Play Mechanix merged with Raw Thrills in 2006, Ritchie relocated to the Play Mechanix studio, where he currently works as a producer and production coordinator and is involved in the development of coin-operated amusement video games.
Personal life.
Mark Ritchie currently resides in Illinois.


Bernadette Corporation

Bernadette Corporation is a New York City and [Paris]- based art and fashion collective founded in 1994. Core members include Bernadette van Huy, John Kelsey, and Antek Walzcak. Bernadette Corporation is known for its performance, fashion, and art which in varying ways emulates and disturbs corporations. Influences from fashion to film include Vivienne Westwood, Malcolm McLaren, and Jean-Luc Godard. The group is often described in terms of the Situationist movement.
History.
When Bernadette Corporation first formed, they were hired to organize parties at downtown nightclubs. They quickly began making fashion and took part in the world of 1990s underground fashion. In the 1990s, their clothes were published in "Harper's Bazaar", "Purple", "Visionaire", "Index Magazine", and "Artforum". They take influences from the "three Bs"; Barthes, Bataille and Baudrillard.
In the late 1990s, Bernadette Corporation became more productive as a publishing, film, and video group, briefly publishing the magazine "Made in USA", named after the Jean-Luc Godard film of the same name.
In 2001 Bernadette Corporation temporarily merged with Le Parti Imaginaire to make the film "Get Rid of Yourself", which retains both fiction and documentary elements. The Bernadette Corporation's other films include; "The B.C. Corporate Story," "Hell Frozen Over," and "Get Rid of Yourself."
Bernadette Van Huy.
Bernadette van Huy is a New York-based artist and one of the founding members of Bernadette Corporation. She moved to Manhattan at the age of 23 at which point she began to organise parties in New York nightclubs. She is one of the two currently active members of the collective along with John Kelsey. In 1997 she worked as the costume designer for the Harmony Korine film Gummo.


East Street Arts

East Street Arts is a registered charity in England, established to facilitate the development of visual artists. The charity was set up in 1993 by Karen Watson and Jon Wakeman to provide space, services, facilities, opportunities and support for visual artists. East Street Arts operates four sites in Leeds, England: Patrick Studios (ESA headquarters), Barkston Studios, Union 105 and other offsite projects.
Photography competition.
A competition held in conjunction with Exposure Leeds "to take a series of photographs to capture 21st Century Leeds.". Winning entries will be exhibited at Dysons Chambers on Lower Briggate, Leeds, England. 14 artists have been shortlisted.


Richard Sylbert

Richard Sylbert (April 16, 1928 – March 23, 2002) was an American production designer and art director, primarily for feature films.
Early life.
Sylbert was born in Brooklyn, New York, to Samuel and Lily (Lazell) Sylbert, and was the twin brother of Oscar-winning production designer Paul Sylbert. Richard fought in the Korean War and attended the Tyler School of Art at Temple University in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Ribac, was a journalist in his native Romania before immigrating to the United States. Sylbert began his career in the early days of television, designing productions of "Hamlet" (1953) and "Richard II" (1954) for the "Hallmark Hall of Fame".
Sylbert's first film credit was "Patterns" (1956), a big screen adaptation of an Emmy Award-winning teleplay by Rod Serling. He went on to design "Baby Doll", "A Face in the Crowd", "The Fugitive Kind", "Murder, Inc.", "Splendor in the Grass", "Walk on the Wild Side", "Long Day's Journey into Night", "The Manchurian Candidate", "The Pawnbroker", "Lilith", "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?", "The Graduate", "Rosemary's Baby", "Catch-22", "Carnal Knowledge", "Chinatown", "Shampoo", "Reds", "Frances", "The Cotton Club", "Tequila Sunrise", "Dick Tracy", "The Bonfire of the Vanities", "Carlito's Way", "Mulholland Falls", "My Best Friend's Wedding", and "Trapped". He worked multiple times with directors Roman Polanski, Elia Kazan, Mike Nichols, and Warren Beatty.
Robert Evans named Sylbert his successor when he relinquished his position as production chief at Paramount Pictures in 1975. Sylbert oversaw "The Bad News Bears", "Nashville", and "Days of Heaven" before being replaced in 1978.
Sylbert was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction six times and won twice, for "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" and "Dick Tracy". He won the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design for "Dick Tracy". He was nominated for an Emmy for his production design of the set for the long-running television sit-com "Cheers". In 2000 Sylbert was honored with the Art Directors Guild Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2002 Sylbert was to have received the Hollywood Film Festival's Life Achievement Award. His widow gave the committee permission to name the award after him in perpetuity and that year it was given to Harold Michelson, his longtime art director and colleague.
Sylbert died of cancer at the age of 73 at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, California. At the time of his death, Sylbert was married to Native American poet Sharmagne Leland-St. John, mother of one of his daughters, Daisy Alexandra Sylbert-Torres, a costume designer and Echo Park boutique owner. He had three sons Douglas, Jon and Mark, by his first wife, Carol Godshalk, and another daughter, Lulu, by writer/actress/production and costume Designer Susanna Moore. Lulu acted as a child, playing Paul Le Mat's half-alien daughter in Strange Invaders.
Film and television credits.
This is the not-entirely complete table of credits that can be sorted by date, title or type of credit.


Gish (video game)

Gish is a 2004 platform game developed and published by Chronic Logic. After eight months in development, it was released in May 2004 to a positive reception. A sequel, "Gish 2", was canceled. The game became open-source software in May 2010 and received a 15th-anniversary update in January 2020.
Gameplay.
"Gish" is a physics-based platform game. The player controls Gish, a ball of tar. Besides movement, Gish has four abilities: becoming sticky, slick, solid, and jumping/expanding. When sticky he can climb up walls, stick to ceilings, and plant himself firmly to a solid object. Becoming slick makes Gish slippery and frictionless, letting him slide down pipes and squeeze out of being crushed at the same time getting under objects. Being in solid state turns Gish's body into a rigid weight, allowing him to push any object he might have squeezed under, fall faster, squash enemies, smash breakable platforms, sink in water, and resist being run over. To jump, Gish must first compress his body, then expand to launch himself into the air. Gish's abilities can be combined for use in certain situations - for instance, while both sticky and slick he can climb walls without grabbing loose objects, and while slick and solid he can slide downhill at high speed.
Plot.
Gish is a ball of tar who lives happily with his human girlfriend Brea, until one day a mysterious dark creature kidnaps her. Gish fights through several levels of enemies in the sewers of Dross until the final boss appears: Hera, Gish's former classmate who has an unrequited affection towards Gish. Gish rejects her, and Hera threatens to drop Brea into a pool of lava. After Gish defeats Hera, he must rescue Brea. If the player succeeds, Brea and Gish escape and become famous entomologists, as well as the world's first legal inter-species marriage. If the player fails, Brea burns to death in the lava pit and Gish goes on to live a life of celibacy, "volunteering most of his time to charity organizations that specialize in bringing lava awareness to the mainstream." In the latter case, Brea's picture is crossed out from the final group photo of the game.
Development and release.
"Gish" was developed by Chronic Logic—an indie game studio based in Santa Cruz, California, and founded in 2001—without external funding. The game was the idea of Edmund McMillen, Chronic Logic's artist and designer, as the company was looking for a new game concept that used the physics from its previous puzzle video game, "Triptych". Alex Austin, the lead programmer, was initially against the idea until McMillen convinced him of the concept. Over a longer time period, the developers were able to test out several concepts. They came up with further ideas and discarded those that did not work, such as the original plan of giving Gish an arm to swing with.
The development process was split into two halves. The first focused on the physics and issues with collision detection. Austin used the MS-DOS Editor to write the source code, compiling it with Visual C++. The second half covered "everything else", including the level design, which was changed multiple times, and a level editor. They were driven by the "make it fun" principle of games like "Super Mario Bros." and "Pitfall!", which they played during the production. Using Adobe Photoshop and Macromedia Flash, McMillen designed original characters, including 36 enemies, which later had to be reduced to 16 due to time constraints. Austin also cited self-imposed crunch time as an issue during development. The total development time was eight months. "Gish" was released for Microsoft Windows on May 4, 2004, and ported to Linux and Mac OS X on August 2, 2004.
Chronic Logic disbanded shortly after "Gish"s release, which cost the game potential publishing deals, McMillen later joined Austin at his news venture, Cryptic Sea. Another Mac OS X version, compatible with all variants of the operating system, was released by Cryptic Sea in December 2007. Reflexive Entertainment distributed the game through its online game portal, Reflexive Arcade, starting in 2006. "Gish Mobile", a version for J2ME, was developed by Hardwire and Erphenic Studios, published by Pixalon Studios, and distributed by GlobalFun.
A sequel, "Gish 2", was in development "for a couple months" at Cryptic Sea by November 2007. McMillen proposed "Gish 2" to Microsoft in 2008 before developing "Super Meat Boy" instead. "Gish 2" was formally put on hold in late 2008 for Cryptic Sea to focus on its other release, "No Quarter". Austin released the "Gish" source code under GNU GPL-2.0-or-later in May 2010. In the same month, "Gish" became part of the first Humble Indie Bundle. It further appeared in the Humble Voxatron Debut in November 2011. In January 2020, celebrating the game's 15th anniversary, Austin and McMillen released an update for "Gish" with several quality-of-life improvements. Newgrounds user Tarhead designed the cover art for this version.
Reception.
"Gish" received "generally favorable reviews", according to Metacritic. At the 2005 Independent Games Festival, "Gish" won the "Innovation in Game Design" award, as well as the Seumas McNally Grand Prize and its prize money. McMillen used his acceptance speech for the latter to propose to his girlfriend, Danielle. "Gish" also won "Computer Games Magazine"s 2004 "Best Independent Game" award. The revenue from "Gish" kept Austin afloat for several years.


Rotraut Susanne Berner

Rotraut Susanne Berner (born 26 August 1948, in Stuttgart) is a German graphic designer and illustrator. She illustrated "The Number Devil" by Hans Magnus Enzensberger.
She is well known for a series of popular children's book, called Wimmelbilderbuch, which have attained a worldwide circulation of close to 500,000 copies in fifteen countries.
Working as a freelance illustrator, she has focused on books for children and young adults, illustrating more than 80 such books and designing over 800 book covers.
For her contribution as a children's illustrator Berner was a finalist for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award in 2002, 2004, and 2014, and she won it in 2016.


Stewart Wieck

Stewart Douglas Wieck (May 10, 1968 June 22, 2017) was one of the founders of the publishing company, White Wolf, Inc. He was also one of the original writers of .
Career.
Stewart Wieck was born in Freeport, Illinois in 1968. He and his brother Steve Wieck had their first published work in 1986 with the adventure "The Secret in the Swamp" for "Villains & Vigilantes" from FGU. Later that same year, while they were still in high school, the brothers began self-publishing their own magazine, "Arcanum"; Stewart soon retitled the magazine as "White Wolf", publishing the first issue in August 1986. The Wiecks were fans of Elric, and named their magazine after him.
The Wiecks had befriended the company Lion Rampant, and when that company encountered financial trouble, White Wolf and Lion Rampant decided to merge into the new White Wolf Game Studio, with Stewart Wieck and Mark Rein-Hagen as co-owners. While Stewart was on the road to GenCon 23 in 1990 with Rein-Hagen and Lisa Stevens, Rein-Hagen envisioned ', which the new company published in 1991. Stewart co-created the World of Darkness and devised much of the mythology central to "Vampire", but his most personal game design was ' (1993).
With Rein-Hagen working on White Wolf's games, administering the business side of things fell to Stewart Wieck until he made his brother Steve the CEO of White Wolf in 1993. Stewart stepped down as editor of "White Wolf Magazine" in 1992. The company encountered economic problems in 1995–1996, which caused a falling out between Rein-Hagen and the Wiecks, resulting in Rein-Hagen leaving White Wolf. Stewart designed the game "Long Live the King" (2006).
Stewart stayed with White Wolf when Steve left in 2007 to take a seat on CCP's board of directors. Stewart resigned from White Wolf in 2010, immediately founding the company Nocturnal Games, which picked up White Wolf's rights to "Pendragon". He co-designed the fantasy board game "Darkling Plain", which uses 3D graphics created on smartphones. It was announced in 2013 by Nocturnal Media.
He co-edited the 1998 book "The Essential World of Darkness", a collection of novels. Wieck is also an author of several novels and a number of short stories. Wieck died June 22, 2017 at the age of 49.


Jun Akiyama (video game designer)

 is a Japanese video game event director and scenario writer who works at Square Enix. He joined the predecessor company Square in 1995. In his role as event planner for "Final Fantasy VII", Akiyama was responsible for the story elements and cutscenes involving the characters Red XIII and Yuffie Kisaragi, respectively. During his work as the event director of "Vagrant Story", he intended to make the transitions between gameplay and event scenes as smooth as possible. The fully polygonal graphics of the game entailed precise camera movements, character animations and the usage of different lens effects.
In late 1999, Akiyama watched Disney's animated "Tarzan" film and then pleaded with "Kingdom Hearts" director and story writer Tetsuya Nomura to join the game's team. He became the event planning director and one of the scenario writers, taking charge of the "Tarzan"-themed segment, among others. Akiyama tried to inject Disney-like humor into the game, such as a scene in which Donald Duck is flattened by an opening door. He also suggested "Final Fantasy VIII" character Squall Leonhart be renamed Leon to maintain suspense before his first on-screen appearance. In January 2002, Akiyama joined the "Final Fantasy XII" project as event director in charge of such aspects as camera movements, voice-overs and motions. When Yasumi Matsuno stepped down as the game's director in mid-2005, he expressed his high confidence in the remaining team members, among them Akiyama. Many of the story ideas that Akiyama came up with alongside scenario writer Daisuke Watanabe had to be abandoned in order to finish the game on time. For a time, Akiyama was the event planning director of "Final Fantasy Versus XIII" (which was later reworked into "Final Fantasy XV").


Kristin Andreassen

Kristin Andreassen is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, dancer, old time musician and educator. Currently based in Nashville, Tennessee, she started her music career as a professional clogger with Footworks Percussive Dance Ensemble and in the early 2000s joined the folk bands Uncle Earl and Sometymes Why as a vocalist, dancer, songwriter, guitarist. She is known for using body percussion and dance in live performances.
In 2007 she released her first solo album, "Kiss Me Hello", which was produced by Mark Schatz (Nickel Creek). The opening track "Crayola Doesn't Make a Color for Your Eyes" won the John Lennon Songwriting Contest in the Children's Category, also becoming a hit on children's radio despite the fact that the overall album was intended for adult listeners. Since charting on Sirius XM’s Kids' Place Live, the song has been covered by artists including Tyne Daly. Andreassen's second full-length solo album, "Gondolier," was released on February 17, 2015.
With her bands, Andreassen has performed at festivals such as Bonnaroo, the Telluride Bluegrass Festival, the Greyfox Bluegrass Festival and internationally at the Port Fairy Festival in Australia and Celtic Connections in the UK. In 2008, she appeared on "A Prairie Home Companion" as a solo artist. She has recently toured as a harmony singer, fiddler and harmonica player with Aoife O'Donovan, Dawn Landes, Jeffrey Lewis & the Junkyard, Lucius and Jefferson Hamer. In 2011, Andreassen and Laura Cortese co-founded Miles of Music Camp, an all-ages artist retreat that operates weekend and week-long workshops in New Hampshire, Brooklyn and Boston. She appeared at the Folk Alliance International conference in Kansas City in February 2015
Early life and education.
Andreassen grew up in the Portland, Oregon, suburb of Hillsboro. There she developed an early interest in dance and music. In her youth she played piano and sang in various choirs. After graduating high school, she studied history at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, and spent time in Cape Breton studying community economic development and Cape Breton stepdance. While in school, she worked as a journalist, an Amtrak sleeping car porter, and a community development facilitator.
Music and dance career.
1999–2006: Early years.
Andreassen began professionally pursuing her interest in music and dance in 1999, when she was hired by Footworks Percussive Dance Ensemble in Annapolis, Maryland. Moving there, she became a principal dancer with the traditional percussive dance ensemble, and spent several years touring internationally, performing and teaching Appalachian clogging, Irish and Cape Breton stepdance, tap and other forms of traditional percussive dance. She left her full-time position in the company in 2003, though she continued to collaborate with the troupe from time to time. While working with Footworks, Andreassen recorded with friends Laura Cortese and Pierce Woodward under the name The Jolly Bankers. They released two EPs: "Death & Taxes" (2003), and "Tax Return" (2005).
In December 2003 Andreassen joined the old-time music group Uncle Earl as a guitar player, dancer and singer. She first met the founder of the group, mandolin player KC Groves at the Appalachian Stringband Music Festival (Clifftop) in West Virginia in the late 1990s. They had been friends for several years when Groves invited Andreassen to join the band officially, three years after it formed.
When she joined, the lineup featured KC Groves, Abigail Washburn and Rayna Gellert, and the group then recorded two EPs followed by two full-length albums with producers Dirk Powell and John Paul Jones of Led Zeppelin. Andreassen wrote the band's song "Pale Moon", which includes the lyric that became the title of their first Rounder Records release, "She Waits For Night" (2005). Her dancing feet can be heard on the Uncle Earl instrumental "Sisters of the Road," which was featured in the movie "Cedar Rapids" (2011).
Andreassen became a founding member of the "folk noir" singing trio Sometymes Why in 2005, when she got together with two women from other notable stringbands (Aoife O'Donovan of Crooked Still and Ruth Ungar Merenda of The Mammals) to write and record a singer-songwriter album. Their self-titled album was recorded live in May 2005 under the name Sometymes Why, and the band went on to tour the United States and Ireland, including appearances at Bonnaroo on NPR's "Mountain Stage". She continued to tour with the band as she started her career as a solo artist and singer-songwriter.
2006–07: Singles and "Kiss Me Hello".
Her first solo album, "Kiss Me Hello", was released in early 2007 on her own Yellowcar Music label. The eclectic album featured twelve original songs with influences from old time, country, pop, and musical theater influences. "Kiss Me Hello" was produced by Mark Schatz, with Andreassen on guitar, vocals, and foot percussion. Schatz played bass and banjo, with guest artists such as Aoife O'Donovan, Ruth Ungar, Scott Senior, Eric Merrill, Rushad Eggleston and Oliver Steck. Most of the recording took place in Andreassen's kitchen in Annapolis, Maryland.
In 2009, Andreassen made a music video for the "Kiss Me Hello" song "Crayola Doesn't Make A Color For Your Eyes." Directed by Ballard C. Boyd, the video features a classroom of 2nd-graders and became popular with educators. The song went on to be covered by a number of artists, for example by Tyne Daly in her televised cabaret. Daly also performed a cover of the song at the 2009 MAC Awards.
Other informal covers have been done by choirs, marching bands, and artists such as RedNo.5, Uncle Earl, Kick Up The Grass, Rather Be Giraffes, Ace's Angels, etc. Andreassen's follow-up children's music project, The Bright Siders, is a collaboration with Brooklyn-based child psychiatrist Kari Groff and features songs on mental health issues for children.
2007–13: Community projects, band albums.
Also in 2007, the same year she won in the Children's Category at the John Lennon Songwriting Contest, Andreassen was nominated in the Gospel Category for composing the Uncle Earl song "Easy in the Early." With Uncle Earl she also released the new album "Waterloo, Tennessee," which a year later would win the 2008 Folk Alliance Album of the Year.
In 2007, Andreassen and filmmaker Tom Krueger created a music video for Uncle Earl featuring a Kung Fu-style clogging battle set in a Chinese restaurant. The music is the traditional fiddle tune "Streak o' Lean, Streak o' Fat," and features Washburn’s original Chinese-language lyrics and dancing by Jason Nious of Stomp, Heidi Kulas and the Bailey Mountain Cloggers, Maureen Berry and Matthew Olwell of Footworks, Emma Leahy-Good of Rhythm in Shoes, Nate Good of Cirque du Soleil, and Nic Gareiss.
Uncle Earl took a break from touring in 2010, but played a reunion show at Planet Bluegrass’ Rockygrass Festival in July 2014.
Sometymes Why's second album, "Your Heart is a Glorious Machine", was released in March 2009 on Signature Sounds and was produced by José Ayerve. Among various gigs in support of the album, Sometymes Why opened two tours for the progressive bluegrass group Punch Brothers. Sometymes Why also performed as The Fates in Anaïs Mitchell's folk opera "Hadestown".
Since moving to Brooklyn, New York in 2009, Andreassen began focusing on community projects as well. She co-founded a Monday night old time music session at the Lowlands Bar in 2010, hosted a series of variety shows at the now-defunct Banjo Jim's in the East Village, and taught dance and performed regularly at the Jalopy Theatre in Brooklyn. She became the co-director of Miles of Music Camp, an all-ages artist retreat she co-founded with Laura Cortese. She also joined Jeffrey Lewis & the Junkyard for two European tours and one in America in 2012–2013.
2014–15: "Gondolier".
In 2014 she announced the upcoming release of her sophomore solo album "Gondolier," with the full album due out on February 17, 2015. A number of the album's tracks were made available for download along with pre-orders, and the first single, "Azalea," debuted on December 4 on "CMT Edge", with the publication calling it a "delicate beauty" with a "sleepy, contented feel... backed by a gentle accompaniment of woodwinds." A second song from the album, "The New Ground," premiered in December 2014 on "PopMatters".
Seven of ten tracks were produced by Robin MacMillan, and three were produced by Lawson White. Recorded in Brooklyn, New York, it features a multitude of guest artists, including vocalists Aoife O'Donovan, Ruth Ungar Merenda, and Cassandra Jenkins. Guest instrumentalists include bassist Paul Kowert (Punch Brothers), woodwind player Alec Spiegelman (Cuddle Magic), cellist Rushad Eggleston (Crooked Still), bassist Tony Maimone, keyboard players Frank LoCrasto and Erik Deutsch, guitarist Jefferson Hamer, and fiddler Stephanie Coleman. For March 2015, Andreassen has announced a full band tour of New England, including Joe's Pub in New York City, and Club Passim in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Discography.
Guest appearances.
Selected albums featuring Andreassen:
Covers.
Incomplete list of songs written/co-written by Andreassen as covered by other artists:
In film and TV.
The following is an incomplete list of songs by Andreassen or her related ensembles, as included on film and TV:


Dynasty Warriors 3

 is a hack and slash video game developed by Omega Force (ω-force) and published by Koei (with distribution handled by THQ for the PlayStation 2 in PAL regions). It is third in the "Dynasty Warriors" series in North America and the second in the "Shin Sangokumusou" series in Japan. It is a spin-off from the video game "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and based around a series of books by the same name, written by Luo Guanzhong. It contains a number of fictional and non-fictional elements from the same era in Chinese history that "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is set but follows the main events of part of the story which is to unify China under the single rule of a kingdom.
"Dynasty Warriors 3" was the first in the series to introduce a two player mode and numerous other improvements over "Dynasty Warriors 2". New stages, characters, weapons, attacks and music are introduced providing a completely new experience to a player that has played "Dynasty Warriors 2" before. The gameplay engine and the graphics engine have also been updated, providing higher quality environments, textures and general overall graphics. Only one expansion was released for the game, "Dynasty Warriors 3: Xtreme Legends" and it was the first in the "Xtreme Legends" series.
Gameplay.
In "Dynasty Warriors 3" the player takes control of an officer and must attempt to defeat the enemy commander. The player must make their way through the stage defeating soldiers and enemy officers while trying to keep their commander alive. As well as hundreds of soldiers in each stage, there are stage specific events to complete that can help the player's army and raise their morale. A higher morale means allied soldiers will attack more frequently and will be more likely to follow through with their combination attacks. To make this possible, officers and commanders have superhuman abilities and have the capability to kill hundreds of enemy soldiers per stage.
The main play mode of the game is Musou mode, the story mode of the "Dynasty Warriors" series. Each playable character of the three main nations have their own Musou mode which consists of a number of stages that resemble events in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". The Musou mode for each character is a linear story where the user cannot change how the story progresses. The story progression for Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Jian and officers from their respective kingdoms have the closest relation to the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" story.
Initially there are 15 available characters to play as, new and returning characters can be unlocked by performing special events during battle or simply meeting them during battle. Each playable character has their own unique weapon that can be upgraded and allows for a maximum of 4 levels of weapon. When the next level of weapon is obtained, its strength is greater than the level below it and adds one extra attack to the player's maximum number of attacks.
Items are also hidden throughout stages and can also be obtained by defeating officers. There are three types of items in game, normal items, red items and weapons which can be equipped before the stage begins and will increase the player's statistics. Red items are specialised items than cause a special effect, such as starting the stage mounted on a horse or giving the player the ability to shoot fire arrows.
"Dynasty Warriors 3" has an RPG element to it where the player can increase the attack, defence, life bar or Musou bar of the characters. This can be achieved by defeating enemy officers and gate captains who will drop items that will increase the aforementioned statistics. Although it is not necessary to collect these items, it is helpful to the player as in later stages as enemies grow in strength.
The two player mode (new to "Dynasty Warriors 3") allows players to either go head-to-head in one-on-one fights or play co-operatively in any of the stages. The screen is split horizontally with player one on top and the second below. In one-on-one fights the characters statistics are reduced to their default to allow for a fair battle, relying more on the player's skill rather than who has the stronger character. In co-operative play the characters retain their saved statistics, there are no alterations to the stage and the players gain the ability to perform a more powerful version of their Musou attack ("Special Attack"). If the players perform their Musou attack at the same time within range of each other, the attack gains a lightning element and deals extra damage to enemies that are hit.
Plot.
Setting.
"Dynasty Warriors 3" is set across ancient China in the Three Kingdoms era. The game begins at the fall of the Han dynasty shortly after the death of the Emperor Ling when the leader of the Way of Peace, Zhang Jiao, led an uprising against the Empire.
The game features a strong mix of fact and fiction from Chinese history and often exaggerates characters and their personalities. For example, Lu Bu is portrayed as a virtually unbeatable, violent maniac. Most of the events and stages are reported to have occurred in the Three Kingdoms era during the struggle of power. The three kingdoms primarily involved, Shu, Wu and Wei, each sought power enough to overthrow the other two and unify China under their rule. Although the story in "Dynasty Warriors" is not perfect in the sense that it does not accurately follow the historical events, it has been changed to make the game more playable and less repetitive. For example, a number of the characters in the game died in the time frame that the game is set, but they still appear in later stages. The game features environments resembling that of ancient China and various items from the era such as fairy wine and dim sum.
It also touches on mysticism as some characters (Zhuge Liang, Sima Yi, Pang Tong) have either magical elements in their attacks or completely magical attacks.
Stages.
Many of the stages are recreations of notable battles present historically or from the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", while original creations became more common with the newer installments.
Characters.
"* Denotes new characters to the series"<br>
"Bold denotes default characters"
The characters in "Dynasty Warriors 3" are based around real and semi-fictional characters from "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and that era, where some characters personalities and traits have been exaggerated and where some remain fairly true to the novel. Females of that era did not participate in any of the battles but there are a number of female playable characters in the game (Diao Chan, Xiao Qiao, Da Qiao, Zhen Ji, Sun Shang Xiang, Zhu Rong, Nu Wa). Zhu Rong and Nu Wa are exceptions as Zhu Rong was said to be the only female to have fought in that era and Nu Wa's character is fictional and based on ancient myth.
Reception.
The game was highly anticipated after its release being announced because of its numerous new features and improvements of the last in the series. Afterwards, it was met with positive to average reception upon release; GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 77% and 78 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version, and 76% and 70 out of 100 for the Xbox version.
In just under four months, over 1 million copies of "Dynasty Warriors 3" had been sold in North America and Japan combined and made it the first of Koei's games to pass one million sales on a single platform and making it a platinum title. Not only that but it topped the sales charts for five consecutive weeks and, according to "Famitsu", it was ranked the 9th best selling game of 2001.
"Dynasty Warriors 3" still retains a number of the bad features that were in the previous game such as fogging and low quality English voice actors. Although the English voices were poor (they have gained a cult-like status among fans of the series), the player has the choice to turn on Japanese voices and they are considered to be of a much higher quality. IGN strongly criticized the Xbox version over the sound, both music and the voice acting. Despite a number of negative points coming up throughout the review it scored 6.8/10 and the reviewer saw it had potential to become a very good game.
"Famitsu" gave the PS2 version 34 out of 40. Chi Kong Lui of GameCritics.com looked past the sound and graphical flaws and concentrated more on the gameplay and setting, giving a high score of 9/10. He gave high praise to how much the game was based on the original Romance of the Three Kingdoms story and even went as far as saying "All the costuming of the 3D models is ethnically authentic and beautifully lavished" whereas a number of reviews described the graphical quality as being plain and blurry (Such as the said IGN review). It is also notable that the IGN review was based on the PS2 version, which has more fog and slowdown (especially in multi-player) when compared to the Xbox version, and those were his two heaviest faults of the game.
Awards.
On March 6, 2003, Dynasty Warriors 3 received "Animation Magazine" "Best Overall Game Animation" award. This was Koei's first award for a Dynasty Warriors game.
Expansions.
"Dynasty Warriors 3: Xtreme Legends".
Dynasty Warriors 3: Xtreme Legends (真・三國無双2 猛将伝 ("Shin Sangokumusou 2 Moushouden") in Japan)) is the first Xtreme Legends installment by publisher Koei and developer Omega Force. This expansion to "Dynasty Warriors 3" was released on January 11, 2003 within the US and Europe.
"Xtreme Legends" added several new features to "Dynasty Warriors 3", including new items and the ability to fully customize bodyguards. "Xtreme Legends" also included a Musou Mode for the playable characters who did not belong to either Wu, Wei, or Shu (Diao Chan, Lu Bu, Zhang Jiao, Dong Zhuo, Yuan Shao, Zhu Rong and Meng Huo). "Xtreme Legends" also allowed players to obtain a fifth-level weapon for each character and added two new difficulty levels: Beginner and Expert. (Otherwise referred to as "Novice" and "Very Hard" in game, respectively.)
The player can also import content from the "DW3" disc while playing Xtreme Legends by using the "Load Original" option. If played by itself, "DW3:XL" only features its own scenarios and Musou modes. It can, however, copy data from a previously saved "DW3" file on the memory card, but only if there's already a "DW3" data before creating "DW3:XL" save data.
"Xtreme Legends" was met with average reception upon release, as GameRankings gave it a score of 71%, while Metacritic gave it 72 out of 100. "Famitsu" gave it a score of 33 out of 40.


Euphemia (typeface)

Euphemia (syllabics: ) is a sans-serif typeface for Unified Canadian Syllabics. However, it does not display the Eastern Cree syllables "sha" and "shu" properly.
Usage.
Various versions of "Euphemia" have been supplied in Windows Server 2008, Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 8. OS X also supplies a version called "Euphemia UCAS".
Unicode Ranges.
Euphemia has support for the following Unicode ranges: