Kitchener Rangers

The Kitchener Rangers are a major junior ice hockey team based in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the Ontario Hockey League. The Rangers have won the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions in 1981, 1982, 2003 and 2008. They have appeared in six Memorial Cups (1981, 1982, 1984, 1990, 2003 and 2008), advancing to the final game of the tournament each of those six years. They are two-time Memorial Cup champions (1982, 2003).
The Rangers are one of six teams in the Canadian Hockey League (Moose Jaw Warriors, Swift Current Broncos, Lethbridge Hurricanes, Peterborough Petes) that are publicly owned. Since the club's inception, a 39-person Board of Directors, including a nine-person Executive Committee, is elected by the team's season ticket subscribers who act as trustees of the team. This Board of Directors is also comprised entirely and only of Kitchener Rangers season ticket subscribers.
They are one of the most successful Canadian Hockey League teams in terms of alumni with over 180 players and coaches going on to serve in the NHL including Gabriel Landeskog, Jeff Skinner, Radek Faksa, John Gibson, Nazem Kadri, Mike Richards, David Clarkson, Steve Mason, Derek Roy and Peter DeBoer. Five of their alumni have gone on to be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame: Scott Stevens, Bill Barber, Paul Coffey, Larry Robinson and Al MacInnis.
History.
The Kitchener Rangers franchise was inaugurated ahead of the 1947–48 Ontario Hockey Association season as the Guelph Biltmore Mad Hatters. Based in nearby Guelph, Ontario, the Biltmore Mad Hatters were a farm team for the National Hockey League's New York Rangers. The team enjoyed considerable success in the 1950s, winning three league championships and a Memorial Cup. However, by 1960, the team was struggling financially and was sold to new ownership. The new owners re-branded the team as the Guelph Royals to match Guelph's nickname, the "Royal City". Despite these efforts to reignite the fading brand, the team's financial struggles persisted. At the end of the 1962–63 season, Kitchener entrepreneur Eugene George was approached by the New York Rangers about moving the team to Kitchener in hopes of building a more stable junior environment.
In 1963, George and a group of Kitchener businessmen relocated the Guelph Royals to Kitchener and renamed them the Kitchener Rangers Junior "A" Hockey Club. The New York Rangers sponsorship of the team ended in 1967 with the expansion of the NHL's "Original Six’" Era, so George agreed to purchase the team from the New York Rangers for a sum of one dollar, but declined the opportunity for private ownership. He instead turned the team over to the community through the creation of a not-for-profit organization. The Kitchener Rangers Charter declared "no person shall be a member of the Corporation unless he is a season ticket subscriber for the current season of the home hockey games of the club, and all persons who are season ticket subscribers are automatically entitled to membership."
The 1960s.
For their debut season in 1963–64 the team moved into the Kitchener Memorial Auditorium, which had previously been home to the Kitchener Greenshirts and the Kitchener Canucks. On Tuesday, October 1, 1963, the Rangers' first coach, Steve Brklacich, welcomed a 54-player roster of training camp hopefuls just two weeks prior to the home opener. The first exhibition game took place on Sunday, October 6, 1963 against the Peterborough Petes. The team's first regular season game featured the Rangers and the visiting St. Catharines Black Hawks on Tuesday, October 15, 1963 which dressed the likes of league All-Stars Dennis Hull and Doug Jarrett. The first goal in team history was scored by John Beechey, assisted by Gary Sabourin and Tommy Miller, at 11:36 of the first period. The team's first captain, Alexander 'Sandy' Fitzpatrick, would score the first game-winning goal in team history, breaking open a 3–3 tie in the third period to propel the Blueshirts to a 4–3 win. The Rangers were successful promoting the team in the community, drawing high attendance despite a poor first season in the standings which finished with a record of 9-41-6 (W-L-T).
The Rangers struggled during their first three seasons in the OHA, finishing under .500 in the following two campaigns (6th in 1964–65, 7th in 1965–66). Despite the seventh-place finish in 1965–66, the team finished the year strong and won the first two rounds of playoffs to make it to the OHA Finals, eventually falling 4–1 in a best-of-seven series to the Oshawa Generals and a young Bobby Orr. Kitchener finished in first place the next season (1966–67, 38-10-6), earning their first Hamilton Spectator Trophy in franchise history as regular season champions, but fell to the Toronto Marlboros in the semi-finals. In 1967–68, the Rangers were first again in the OHA and went on to win their second consecutive Hamilton Spectator Trophy. They played in the Finals again, but this time losing a close series 4 games to 3 with a tie, to the eventual Memorial Cup champion Niagara Falls Flyers. In 1968–69, Jim Malleck succeeded Eugene George as the team's president. In November 1968, Kitchener native Dave Weber was appointed coach after Wally Kullman was relieved of his duties. But the season was one to forget, as the Rangers managed to post just nine wins (9-40-5), finishing in 10th place after seeing 13 players from the previous season graduate to the professional ranks. In 1969, Walter (Punch) Scherer, a former scout for the Boston Bruins, became the team's general manager. The decade finished on a high note, however, as rookie sensation Bill Barber dressed in his first of three junior seasons in Kitchener and tallied 37 goals and 86 points in just 54 regular season games.
1969 also marked the year that Les Bradley joined the fold. Bradley was a mainstay on the bench as the team's trainer from 1969 to 1986, then after retiring as a trainer became an ambassador in the press room for more than 15 years.
The 1970s.
Gerry Forler became the Rangers' coach for the 1970–71 season but resigned in December, 1970 and was replaced by Ron Murphy for the remainder of the season. Kitchener struggled through most of the decade, posting only two winning seasons (a 31-24-8 record in 1971–72, and 43-18-9 in 1973–74). Barber posted his first of two straight 100+ point seasons in 1970–71, scoring 46 goals and 105 points in 61 regular season games. He was one of two players to hit the 100-point milestone (Tom Cassidy, 104 points) that year, but the Rangers were unable to get out of the first round of the playoffs. In 1973–74, the Rangers finished first in the OHA for their third Hamilton Spectator Trophy in eight years in large part due to the stellar goalkeeping of Don Edwards who boasted the league's lowest goals against average. The team also featured stars Paul Evans, Dwight Foster and Doug Risebrough, but lost to the Peterborough Petes in the second round of the playoffs.
Things took a nosedive for the team in the 1974–75 season as the club would finish dead last in the league and 20 points out of a playoff spot with a record of 17-47-6. Despite their last place finish, the Rangers would host the Memorial Cup that season as no host team was in place. A slew of changes happened upon the team to start the following season in 1975–76, including changes at president, general manager and coach. The team would see a 17-point improvement, rising to a fourth-place finish in the standings. In 1976–77, Foster would set the Rangers franchise record for points in a single season (143), a mark that still stands today. His total 382 points in 262 regular season games over 1973-77 also remains a club record.
As the decade wound down so, too, did the Rangers record during the 1979–80 season (17-51-0). But a bright light emerged in the form of a young acquired defenceman from the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds by the name of Paul Coffey. Coffey would play just one season on East Ave, collecting 71 points in 52 regular season games before being drafted sixth overall by the Edmonton Oilers in the 1980 NHL Entry Draft.
The 1980s.
1981 Memorial Cup.
The Rangers were looking to rebound from a 17-51-0 season in 1979–80, but the first half of the 1980-81 campaign didn't go their way and the team was sitting in last place at Christmas. But a strong second half - culminating with eight wins in nine games to finish the season - propelled the Rangers to a first-place finish and an Emms Division title. They would see a 35-point improvement from the previous season, finishing with a mark of 34-33-1. Coached by Orval Tessier, the Rangers were led offensively by 49 goals and 116 points from right winger Brian Bellows, along with 54 goals and 108 points from left winger Jeff Larmer. Centreman Grant Martin was just two points shy of joining them in the century club, notching 41 goals and 98 points. Other standouts on the memorable squad included Al MacInnis, Mike Eagles, Larry Carroll and goalie Wendell Young.
Kitchener's playoff conquest would begin against the Niagara Falls Flyers, dismantling them with a 4–2 series win, including one tie. The Rangers scored five or more goals in every game of the series, with the exception of the 3–3 tie in Game 4. Next up was a meeting with the Windsor Spitfires in Round 3, which the Rangers won convincingly 4–0 with one tie. Again the Blueshirts offense proved formidable, scoring no fewer than four goals in each contest and twice scoring seven. This set the stage for an OHL Final vs. the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds. The Hounds were favoured to win the league title, having averaged the highest goals per game average in the league and finishing 27 points ahead of Kitchener in the regular season standings. The Rangers, however, shocked the masses and not only held the Greyhounds to 16 goals in the series six games, but were undefeated in the league final. They skated to a 3–0 series win with three ties to earn their first J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions in franchise history.
The 1981 Memorial Cup was played at the Windsor Arena in Windsor, Ontario. Kitchener represented the Ontario Hockey League while centre Barry Pederson (65 goals, 147 points in 55 regular season games), right winger Rich Chernomaz (49 goals, 113 points in 72 games) and goaltender Grant Fuhr were key pieces of the Western Hockey League's Victoria Cougars. The Quebec Major Junior Hockey League squad - and defending Memorial Cup Champions - were the Cornwall Royals which featured the likes of centre Dale Hawerchuk (81 goals, 183 points in 72 games), left winger Marc Crawford (42 goals, 99 points in 63 games) and centre Doug Gilmour (35 points in 51 games).
Kitchener lost its first two games; 6–3 to Cornwall and 7–4 to Victoria. The Rangers then posted consecutive victories; 6–4 over the Royals in which Bellows scored a hat trick, and 4-2 vs. the Cougars. The Rangers went on to face Cornwall in the tournament final but dropped a 5-2 decision to the Royals, who would win their second consecutive Memorial Cup.
1982 Memorial Cup.
Joe Crozier took over the coaching duties after the 1980–81 season after coach/general manager Orval Tessier left the team to become head coach of the American Hockey League's New Brunswick Hawks, who he would lead to a Calder Cup championship. Kitchener picked up where it left off from the previous season, finding success while being led by top players Larry Carroll, Brian Bellows and Jeff Larmer, as well as added future NHL players Scott Stevens and Mike Hough. The Rangers won the Emms Division for the second year in a row with a much improved record (44-21-3).
Kitchener earned a first round bye in the playoffs, then skated to a 4–0 series win over the Windsor Spitfires in Round 2. They once again clashed with the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds, this time in Round 3, and again earned a series win this time in five games (4-1). The Rangers faced off against the Ottawa 67's, coached by Brian Kilrea, in the league final and claimed their second straight J. Ross Robertson Cup with a 4–0 series victory, including one tie.
The 1982 Memorial Cup was played at Robert Guertin Arena in Hull, Quebec. Kitchener represented the Ontario Hockey League, while left winger Gerard Gallant (34 goals, 92 points in 58 regular season games) and centre John Chabot (34 goals, 143 points in 62 games) were members of the QMJHL's Sherbrooke Castors. Centre Ken Yaremchuk (58 goals, 157 points in 72 games) and right winger Brian Shaw (56 goals, 132 points in 69 games) were members of the Western Hockey League champion Portland Winter Hawks.
Kitchener received a sobering 10–4 loss in their opener at the hands of Sherbrooke before rebounding with a solid 9–2 win over Portland in game two. Brian Bellows scored 11 seconds into the game against Portland, setting a Memorial Cup record. In their third game, the Rangers shut out the Castors 4–0, atoning for the previous lopsided loss in game one. The game was very physical, and included a bench-clearing brawl in the second period. Kitchener seemed to be a bit worn out the next night, losing 4–2 to Portland.
The Rangers and the Castors made it to the finals on a better goals for and against total, after all three teams won and lost two games each in the round-robin. The final game drew 4,091 spectators who saw Bellows score a hat trick and add two assists, propelling the Rangers to a 7–4 victory and their first Memorial Cup championship.
In 1982–83, the Rangers finished with a 45-23-2 record and a second-place finish in the Emms Division. After a first round bye they faced the North Bay Centennials in Round 2 and won the series, 4–1. They would meet the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds for the third consecutive year in the playoffs but this time it was the Hounds who would earn the series win, 4–2 with one tie, eliminating the Blueshirts from post-season play.
1984 Memorial Cup.
Even before the season began the Rangers knew they would be returning to the Memorial Cup for the third time in four seasons, as they were awarded the right to host the event in 1984. Tom Barrett took over coaching duties prior to the campaign, which saw Kitchener post the best record in the OHL (52-16-2) with 106 points. The Rangers were led offensively by right winger Wayne Presley (63 goals, 139 points in 70 regular season games) and centre John Tucker (40 goals, 100 points in 39 games). Tucker would go on to be named the OHL's Most Outstanding Player, while Presley was the top scoring right winger. Shawn Burr (41 goals, 85 points in 68 games) was the league's Rookie of the Year.
At the end of the regular season, Kitchener earned its third straight first round bye before sweeping the London Knights, 4–0, in the second round. The Rangers avenged the previous season's loss to Sault Ste. Marie by winning that series, 4–3. Kitchener then faced the Ottawa 67's in a rematch of the 1982 OHL Finals, but this time it was the 67's who would emerge victorious, winning the series 3–0 with two ties.
Kitchener represented the host team in the tournament, while the 67's - including right winger Don McLaren (53 goals, 113 points in 70 games), left winger Gary Roberts (27 goals, 57 points in 48 games) and goaltender Darren Pang - represented the Ontario Hockey League as champions. The Western Hockey League was represented by centre Dean Evason (49 goals, 137 points in 57 games), defenceman Doug Bodger (21 goals, 98 points in 70 games) and the Kamloops Junior Oilers, while the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League champion Laval Voisins featured a 17-year-old Mario Lemieux who tallied 133 goals and 282 points in 70 regular season games that year.
Kitchener defeated Laval 8–2 in game one, holding Lemieux scoreless. In game two, Kitchener had an 8–0 lead over Kamloops but narrowly held on to win the game 9–7. Ottawa had also won its first two games. The Rangers faced the 67's in the final game of round-robin play, posting a 7–2 victory to earn a berth in the finals. Ottawa won their semi-final, 7–2, for the right to play Kitchener for the championship where they would also hand the Rangers a 7–2 defeat to win the Memorial Cup.
Following the 1984 Memorial Cup, the Rangers would finish sixth (1984–85), third (1985–86), fourth (1986–87) and sixth (1987–88) in their division before reclaiming top spot in the Emms with a 41-19-6 record in 1988–89. Goaltender Gus Morschauser was named the OHL Goaltender of the Year, but the Rangers were upset in the first round of the playoffs by the North Bay Centennials.
The 1990s.
1990 Memorial Cup.
In 1989–90, the Rangers finished second overall in the Emms Division (38-21-7) but used their experience to prevail through the playoffs. Kitchener earned a 4–1 series win over the North Bay Centennials before earning a second round bye. They defeated the Niagara Falls Thunder in the third round, 4–1, setting up a final vs. an Oshawa Generals team which featured Eric Lindros (17 goals, 36 points in 25 games). The Rangers took a 3–1 series lead before the Generals won three straight games en route to the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions.
The 1990 Memorial Cup was played at Copps Coliseum in Hamilton, Ontario. The Dukes of Hamilton were slated to host the tournament, but due to an abysmal start to their season which eventually saw them finish last place in the league (11-49-6), they were removed from participation and the Rangers, as league finalists, took their place.
In an odd coincidence, the other two opponents Kitchener would face in the Memorial Cup were the same opponents they faced the last time they played in the tournament; the QMJHL's Laval Titan (formerly Voisins) and the WHL's Kamloops Blazers (formerly Junior Oilers).
Kitchener won their opener vs. Kamloops, 8–7 in overtime. They followed that up with a 5–3 win over Laval. Similar to 1984, both Ontario-based team were undefeated after two games and faced each other in the last game of the round-robin. The game was played in front of 11,134 fans, lasting 4 hours 15 minutes into double overtime, with Oshawa winning 5–4. Kitchener then played Laval in the semi-finals, claiming a 5–4 victory.
The Rangers played the Generals in the tournament final with 17,383 fans in attendance. Much like the first game between the two teams, the championship went into double overtime with the Generals emerging as victors, 4–3.
Following the highs of a Memorial Cup run in 1990, the remainder of the decade was lackluster for Kitchener. The team managed three winning seasons (32-30-4 in 1992–93, and 35-28-3 in 1995–96) with their best season coming in 1996–97 with a Central Division title and a record of 34-22-10.
The Rangers earned a first round bye during the playoffs that year, and claimed a 7–3 win over the Sarnia Sting in Game 7 of Round 2. They fell behind, 3–1, in their third round series vs. the Oshawa Generals before winning Game 5, 5–4, to keep their post-season hopes alive. But after games in three straight days and five games in their last six, the two teams had a three-day break before resuming their series. The break, though, proved to be the opposite of what the Rangers needed as they fell 6–1 in Game 6, dropping the series, 4–2.
The final two campaigns of the decade would see the team finish beneath .500, where they would remain until the early 2000s.
The 2000s.
After missing the playoffs for the second time in three years (1998–99 and 2000–01), the team fired general manager Jamie McDonald, who earlier released Jess Snyder of his duties as head coach. Prior to the start of the 2001–02 season, Peter DeBoer was named the team's new head coach. He would lead them to a 35-22-10-1 record and a third-place finish in the Midwest Division, culminating in a first round playoff matchup with division rival, the Guelph Storm. The Storm would sweep the season series, 4–0, but brighter days were soon to come for the Rangers with DeBoer at the helm.
In 2002-03 the Rangers brought in Steve Spott, a former assistant to Peter DeBoer in their days with the Plymouth Whalers, into the fold. The team, which featured the likes of Mike Richards, Derek Roy, Gregory Campbell and David Clarkson, sputtered out of the gate with three losses and a tie in their first four games. After reaching mid-October with a record of 3-3-2-1 the team finally began to hit its stride, winning eight in a row (11-3-2-1). During November and December they lost just five games, and sported a 26-8-3-1 record as the calendar year changed to 2003. It wasn't until January 12 when they lost their tenth game of the season, and they rebounded with their 30th win of the campaign the following game on January 17. They only lost back-to-back games once from January on; the final two games of the regular season.
The Rangers finished the campaign with a record of 46-14-5-3 (W-L-T-OTL), winning the Midwest Division; those 46 wins setting a new franchise best. Their division title set up a first-round playoff matchup with the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds, who the Rangers disposed of in four straight games. The Greyhounds managed just three goals in the series, being shut out twice by goaltender Scott Dickie in Games 1 and 2. The Rangers faced the Guelph Storm in Round 2, dropping their Highway 7 rivals in five games. Round 3 saw them face the Plymouth Whalers. After skating to a 2–2 series tie through the first four games, the Whalers claimed a 2–1 overtime win at The Aud to take a 3–2 lead. The Rangers earned a convincing 7–4 win in Game 6 to stay alive, then skated to a berth in the OHL Final with a 3–1 win in Game 7.
In the league championship they would take on the eastern conference champion Ottawa 67's. The 67's picked up a 3–2 overtime win in Game 1, but from thereon out it was all Kitchener as the Rangers won the next four games to be crowned J. Ross Robertson Cup champions for the third time in their history. Of the five-game series, three games went to overtime including the series clinching game which was decided in double OT. Derek Roy was named the MVP of the playoffs.
2003 Memorial Cup.
The 2003 Memorial Cup was played at Colisée Pepsi in Quebec City, Quebec. Kitchener represented the champions of the Ontario Hockey League, while defencemen Josh Georges, Duncan Keith and Shea Weber were members of the Western Hockey League champion Kelowna Rockets. The Hull Olympiques - featuring forwards Max Talbot and Jean-Michel Daoust - were the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League champions while the host Quebec Remparts were led by forwards David Masse and Josh Hennessy.
Kitchener went through the round-robin undefeated, beating the Remparts 4–3 in their opener, the Olympiques, 4–1 in their second game, and the Rockets, 4–2. In the championship final, the Rangers jumped out to a 1–0 lead on a goal by Andre Benoit just 1:45 into the game, and were up 2-0 after a Gregory Campbell power play goal at 3:32. Evan McGrath's first of two second period goals made it 3-0 Kitchener, as the Rangers and Olympiques each tallied three goals a piece in the middle frame. With the Rangers holding a 5–3 lead through 40 minutes of play, David Clarkson added another with 2:38 to play to secure the club's second Memorial Cup title, defeating Hull, 6–3.
The following season the Rangers finished with a modest record of 34-26-6-2 as they competed with division rivals, the London Knights and Guelph Storm, who each finished the campaign with more than 100 points. Their first round playoff match-up was against the Plymouth Whalers, but besides eking out a 5–4 win in Game 3, the Rangers were handily defeated in the series, 4–1.
In 2004–05, the Rangers once again finished the regular season third in the Midwest Division (35-20-9-4), but their run in the playoffs was a much longer one than the year prior. After defeating the Erie Otters in six games, Kitchener went on to sweep the Owen Sound Attack in Round 2. Their third round match-up was vs. the London Knights, but after skating through a 1–1 series tie after the first two games, the Knights won the next three and eliminated the Rangers in five games.
Despite registering a franchise-best 47 wins the following year in 2005-06 (47-19-1-1) (W-L-OTL-SOL), the Blueshirts and their 96-point campaign was second-best to the London Knights (49 wins, 102 points) in the Midwest Division standings. But after such a successful regular season, things unfortunately came to a screeching halt in the first round of the playoffs, as the Owen Sound Attack (who finished 25 points behind Kitchener in the regular season), dropped the Rangers in five games in the opening round.
The team forged on the next season in 2006–07, once again turning out another 47-win campaign (47-17-1-3, 98 points), but again finished second in the Midwest Division to the London Knights (50-14-1-3, 104 points). The Rangers barreled out of the first round, sweeping the Sarnia Sting, 4–0, but were halted by the Plymouth Whalers, 4–1, in Round 2.
In May 2007, it was announced that the Rangers would host the 2008 Memorial Cup, giving the team an automatic entry into the tournament. The team enjoyed much success in the 2000s, but they were gearing up for what they'd hoped to be their best season yet. The 2007-08 team finished with a regular season record of 53-11-1-3, which remains a franchise best in wins and points to this day. They were crowned the winners of the Hamilton Spectator Trophy as the team with the most points (110) in the OHL through the regular season.
In the opening round of the playoffs the Rangers downed the Plymouth Whalers in four straight games, outscoring their opponents, 29–13. In Round 2 it was another sweep for the Blueshirts, this time against the Sarnia Sting. In a display of defensive dominance, the Rangers surrendered just six goals in those four games, outscoring Sarnia, 18–4. In the third round they met the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds, but again skated to victory, this time with a 4–1 series win. The Ontario Hockey League final pitted the Rangers against the eastern conference champion Belleville Bulls. After a 3-0 Rangers series lead evaporated into a 3–3 tie, a nervous Rangers Nation eagerly anticipated the upcoming Game 7 back at The Aud. The Rangers would earn their fourth Ontario Hockey League championship with a 4–1 win over the Bulls in the series clinching finale.
2008 Memorial Cup.
The 2008 Memorial Cup was played at the Kitchener Memorial Auditorium in Kitchener, Ontario. Kitchener represented both the champions of the Ontario Hockey League and the host team. As league finalists, the Belleville Bulls (featuring Matt Beleskey; 41 goals, 90 points in 62 regular season games and PK Subban; eight goals, 46 points in 58 games) also earned a berth in the tournament as representatives of the OHL. Jared Spurgeon, Tyler Johnson, Jared Cowen and Dustin Tokarski were members of the Western Hockey League champion Spokane Chiefs. The Gatineau Olympiques - featuring forwards Claude Giroux, Matthew Pistilli and Paul Byron - were the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League champions.
Kitchener won its first game of the tournament, 6–5 in overtime, vs. Gatineau, before dropping a 2-1 decision to Spokane in the second game of the round robin. Their third game was a 4–3 overtime loss to Belleville, which set up a semi-final meeting between the two teams two nights later in which the Rangers won handily, 9–0. The stage was set for a Kitchener-Spokane final which ended in heartbreak for the home side, as the Chiefs skated to a 4–1 win and a Memorial Cup championship on the Rangers home ice at The Aud. During the trophy presentation, the Chiefs endured an infamous gaffe which saw the Memorial Cup come apart and break while the team was passing it among themselves during their celebration.
Following the Memorial Cup run of 2007–08, head coach Peter DeBoer was hired as head coach of the NHL's Florida Panthers and assistant Steve Spott was named the new head coach of the club. After seven straight winning seasons, the team took a step back in the 2008-09 campaign after losing many graduating players from their championship squad. They finished under .500 and fifth in the Midwest Division with a 26-37-3-2 record, missing the playoffs for the first time since 2000–01.
It didn't take long to turn things around with Spott at the helm, as the team rebounded with a 34-point improvement the following season, finishing with a record of 42-19-4-3. After a 4–2 series win over the Saginaw Spirit and an 8–3, Game 7 win over the favoured London Knights in Round 2, the Rangers were bounced from the playoffs in the third round by the Windsor Spitfires in Game 7 after holding a 3–0 series lead. The Spitfires would go on to win their first of back-to-back Memorial Cups.
Ben Fanelli incident.
On October 30, 2009, 16-year-old rookie defenceman Ben Fanelli was hit from behind by 20-year-old overage forward Michael Liambis of the Erie Otters at a high rate of speed behind the Rangers' net. The hit, which came at the 7:52 mark of the second period, occurred with such force that it caused Fanelli's helmet to fly off before his head struck a glass partition at the Zamboni entrance. He would suffer a fractured skull and orbital bone and was immediately airlifted to Hamilton General Hospital where he was placed in intensive care. Fanelli was released from Hamilton General Hospital a week later on November 6, 2009. Liambas was suspended for the remainder of the season and the playoffs. After an absence of nearly two years, Fanelli returned to the Rangers and later became team captain. He was named the recipient of the Dan Snyder Memorial Award as the OHL Humanitarian of the Year, and also named the CHL Humanitarian of the Year. Since the incident, Fanelli has been instrumental in mental health and brain injury awareness, including founding Headstrong - Fanelli 4 Brain Injury Awareness, while also becoming involved as a board member with EMPWR, as well as hosting his own podcast HeroicMinds.
The 2010s.
The 2009–10 season was highlighted by a 50-goal campaign by Jeff Skinner, followed by a 47-goal effort by Jeremy Morin. The team would finish the regular season third in the western conference with a record of 42-19-4-3 for 91 points. After defeating the Saginaw Spirit in six games in Round 1, and the London Knights in Game 7 of Round 2, the Rangers took a 3–0 series lead over the Windsor Spitfires in the Western Conference Final but surrendered four straight games to the eventual Memorial Cup champion Spits, who never lost another game after Game 3 vs. the Rangers en route to the CHL championship.
The Rangers once again finished third in the conference in 2010–11, and were led by overage Jason Akeson (24G - 84A = 108 points). Down 3–1 in their best-of-seven opening round playoff series vs. the Plymouth Whalers, the Rangers battled back to force a Game 7 but fell short in the deciding game, 4–2. Akeson earned a slew of awards at season's end, including the Eddie Powers Memorial Trophy as the OHL Top Scorer, Jim Mahon Memorial Trophy as the OHL Top Scoring Right Winger, the William Hanley Trophy as OHL Most Sportsmanlike Player, and the Leo Lalonde Memorial Trophy as OHL Top Overage Player.
In 2011–12, Tobias Rieder breached the 40-goal mark, potting 42 goals and 85 points to lead the team offensively. The team returned to the Western Conference Final after a 4–1 series win in Round 1 vs. the Owen Sound Attack, a 4–3 series win vs. the Plymouth Whalers in Round 2, but were swept in Round 3 by the London Knights. Chief Operating Officer and Governor, Steve Bienkowski, was named the CHL's Executive of the Year.
The team slipped to fourth in the western conference standings in 2012–13, but advanced to Round 2 of the playoffs after a 4–1 series win over the Guelph Storm. The London Knights skated to a 4–1 series win of their own to end the Rangers' postseason. Ben Fanelli was named as both the winner of the Dan Snyder Memorial Award as the OHL's Humanitarian of the Year, and the CHL Humanitarian of the Year.
The team took a step back in 2013–14, falling to ninth place in the conference standings (22-41-2-3 = 49 points) and missing the playoffs for the first time since 2008–09. The finish led to the Rangers selecting second overall in the upcoming 2014 OHL Priority Selection where they chose left winger Adam Mascherin.
In 2014–15, the team saw a 25-point increase from the season prior, finishing 6th in the western conference with a record of 32-26-3-7 (74 points). They returned to the playoffs, but fell to the London Knights, 4–2, in the opening round.
The team improved by another 21 points the following season, finishing with a record of 44-17-5-2 (95 points) under the tutelage of newly minted head coach Mike Van Ryn in 2015–16. Forwards Ryan MacInnis and Adam Mascherin led the team in points with 81, and Jeremy Bracco dazzled fans by registering the second longest point streak in Rangers' franchise history from October 7 - December 9 (26 games), tallying 17 goals and 34 assists for 51 points in that span. The team advanced to the second round of the playoffs for the first time since 2012–13 with a 4–1 series win vs. the Windsor Spitfires before falling in four straight games to the London Knights in Round 2.
After just one season behind the Rangers bench, head coach Mike Van Ryn left the team and associate coach Jay McKee was named the team's new skipper in 2016–17. Adam Mascherin reached the 100-point milestone (35G, 63A) to lead the team in scoring. Down 2–1 in their opening round playoff series vs. the Owen Sound Attack, Rangers goaltender Luke Opilka turned out a stunning effort in goal, making an incredible 64 saves on 70 shots in Game 4. Owen Sound outshot Kitchener 30–5 in the first period of play, 12–10 in the second, and 29–5 in the third for a game total of 71–20. The Attack would take the best-of-seven series in five games to eliminate the Rangers from the playoffs.
The team made a splash prior to the 2017–18 season by acquiring defenceman, Memorial Cup champion and Waterloo native, Logan Stanley, from the Windsor Spitfires. Over the course of the season they would also add such impact players as Kole Sherwood, Givani Smith, Austin McEneny, Logan Brown and Mario Culina in a bid for a long and successful playoff run. The regular season was deemed a success as the team claimed its first Midwest Division championship (43-21-3-1, 90 points) in ten years. They claimed victories in both Round 1 (4-2 vs. Guelph) and Round 2 (4-2 vs. Sarnia) before meeting the CHL's top ranked Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in the Western Conference Final. After a literal last second goal gave the Greyhounds a 3–2 win in the Soo in Game 1, the 'Hounds went up 2–0 in the series following a 4–2, Game 2 win. When the series shifted back to Kitchener, Mario Culina backstopped the team to a 24-save, 3–0 shutout in Game 3, and a seven-goal offensive onslaught - powered by a four-point game by Joseph Garreffa - propelled the Rangers to a 7–4 win and tied the series, 2-2. The Rangers fell, 7–3, in Game 5 presenting a must-win Game 6 back at The Aud two days later. The Rangers led, 3–2, late in the third period but the Greyhounds tied the game with a power play goal with just 1:25 to play, sending the game to overtime. Kole Sherwood extended the Rangers playoff hopes, and the series, by scoring the game-winning goal at 13:12 to force a deciding Game 7. In the clinching game, the teams exchanged goals throughout the night, the Rangers erasing 1-0 and 2-1 leads. With the Greyhounds leading 3–2 in the final minutes of regulation, Logan Stanley blasted a shot from the point that beat goaltender Matthew Villalta and tied the game, 3-3, with just 51 seconds remaining and sent the game to overtime. After a scoreless first overtime period, the game was finally decided in double OT when a Jack Kopacka shot deflected past Culina to win the series for the Greyhounds, affording them a berth into the Ontario Hockey League Final.
Championships.
The Kitchener Rangers have appeared in the Memorial Cup six times, winning twice. They have won the J. Ross Robertson Cup four times, are seven-time Hamilton Spectator Trophy winners, and have won eight division titles.
Coaches.
There have been 23 coaches in the history of the Kitchener Rangers franchise.
^CHL Coach of the Year
Players.
Honoured numbers.
The Rangers do not retire numbers (except for the no. 1 which is dedicated to the fans) but choose to honour numbers instead; hanging banners from the rafters while still having them in use for present players. Honoured numbers include five Rangers alumni who were later elected into the Hockey Hall of Fame:
Two other numbers are also raised to the rafters of the Kitchener Memorial Auditorium, honouring two former Rangers who lost their lives at a young age:
Gary Crosby was a member of the Rangers for two seasons from 1968 to 1970. The centre was tragically killed in the early morning hours of July 29, 1972 in a head-on collision on Highway 7, eleven kilometers west of Stratford. Crosby was 20 years old.
Jim McGeachie was a member of the Rangers for two seasons from 1978 to 1980. The left winger was tragically killed in May, 1980 after his red Ford Pinto was hit by an oncoming vehicle along Highway 9 near Teviotdale while he was a member of the Rangers. McGeachie was 19 years old.
NHL/WHA alumni.
The Rangers have 186 alumni who have played in the National Hockey League or World Hockey Association. Five alumni have been elected into the Hockey Hall of Fame: Bill Barber, Paul Coffey, Al MacInnis, Larry Robinson and Scott Stevens.
Award recipients.
Ontario Hockey League awards.
Members of the Kitchener Rangers have been named recipients of OHL Awards 34 times.
OHL All-Star Team.
Members of the Kitchener Rangers have been named to All-Star teams 61 times.
OHL All-Rookie Team.
Members of the Kitchener Rangers have been named to All-Star teams 23 times.
Arena.
The Kitchener Rangers play home games at the Kitchener Memorial Auditorium Complex. The Auditorium was built in 1951 and underwent major renovations in 2002. In 2007–08, over 500 seats were added to accommodate larger crowds for the 2008 Memorial Cup. Over the 2012 off-season, The Aud was once again expanded with the addition of close to 1,000 seats, as well as an upper concourse and improvements to team dressing rooms and business offices. The Kitchener Memorial Auditorium Complex includes Jack Couch Park for baseball, Kiwanis and Kinsmen ice pads in the arena, and the main Auditorium arena known as the Dom Cardillo Arena. Centennial Stadium (football) was demolished in Spring, 2013 due to safety concerns.
The Auditorium hosted the Memorial Cup tournament in 1962, 1975, 1984 and 2008. The OHL All-Star Game was played there in 1980 & 1985 as well as the CHL Top Prospects Game in 2003.
Yearly results.
Legend: OTL = Overtime loss, SL = Shootout loss


Trinity Medical Center

UnityPoint Health Trinity Medical Center is a group of medical facilities based out of the Quad Cities of Illinois and Iowa. The main campus, Trinity Rock Island, is in Rock Island, Illinois, with Trinity Moline in Moline, Illinois and Trinity Bettendorf in Bettendorf, Iowa. In 2010, Trinity acquired Unity Medical Center in Muscatine, Iowa, later renaming the facility Trinity Muscatine. The health system is a senior affiliate of UnityPoint Health, the state's first and largest integrated health care system. It is one of two main health care providers in the Quad Cities area, the other being Genesis Health System.
The hospital traces its history back to the late 19th century. The current Trinity Medical Centers in Illinois were the result of a merger between United Medical Center and Franciscan Medical Center.


National Rosacea Society

The National Rosacea Society (NRS) is a 501(c) nonprofit organization dedicated to improving the lives of the estimated 16 million Americans who suffer from rosacea, a chronic facial skin disorder. Its mission is to raise awareness, provide health information and to support medical research that may lead to improvement in the management, prevention and potential cure for rosacea.
History.
Although rosacea was first described by Guy de Chauliac in the 14th century and included Chaucer's "The Canterbury Tales", when the National Rosacea Society was founded in 1992 rosacea was still considered a rare disease, and its first approved treatment, topical metronidazole, received orphan drug designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the belief that fewer than 200,000 Americans suffered from it. It soon became evident that rosacea affected the lives of millions, who had previously failed to realize they had a medical condition that could be treated. A 2018 study estimated global incidence of rosacea to be more than 5%, or equivalent to around 415 million.
Awareness.
The National Rosacea Society designates each April as Rosacea Awareness Month and conducts national communications, public relations, and social media activities throughout the year. The society also produces patient education materials.
Support for Research.
In 1999, the National Rosacea Society launched a patient-funded research grants program to support scientific research into potential causes and other key aspects of rosacea that may lead to improvements in its management, prevention, or potential cure. Because the etiology of rosacea is unknown, a high priority in awarding grants is given to studies relating to such areas as the pathogenesis, progression, mechanism of action, cell biology and potential genetic factors of rosacea. Research in such areas as epidemiology, predisposition, quality of life and relationships with environmental and lifestyle factors may also be funded.
Since its inception, more than $1.5 million has been awarded to support more than 70 studies.
Publications.
To provide a basis for meaningful scientific investigation, the NRS organized a consensus committee and review panel of 21 medical experts to establish a standard definition and classification system for rosacea, published in 2002, as well as a standard grading system published in 2004. The classification system was instrumental in establishing the clinical subtypes — erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, papulopustular rosacea, phymatous rosacea, and ocular rosacea — commonly used to describe the disease. In 2009, an NRS consensus committee and review panel of 26 medical experts published standard management options for rosacea.
In 2017, an NRS consensus committee and review panel of 28 medical experts published an updated classification and pathophysiology of rosacea, reflecting the increased understanding of the disease and its progression gained in the 15 years since the original classification was published. The updated classification shifted focus away from subtypes to a phenotype approach to diagnosis. The article was accompanied by an editorial on rosacea comorbidities and areas for future research.
In 2020, an NRS consensus committee and review panel of 27 medical experts published updates standard management options for rosacea, intended to provide a comprehensive summary of treatment options for the respective phenotypes identified in the updated standard classification of rosacea, and recommending that physicians to tailor therapy to each patient's individual case.


Susan Buffett

Susan Thompson Buffett (June 15, 1932 – July 29, 2004) was an American activist for the causes of civil rights, abortion rights and birth control, and the first wife of investor Warren Buffett. She was a director of Berkshire Hathaway, owning 2.2 percent of the company worth about $3 billion at the time of her death, and was the 153rd richest person in the world. She was president of the Buffett Foundation, which has contributed millions of dollars to educational groups, medical research, family planning groups and other charities.
Biography.
Susan was born in Omaha, Nebraska, and graduated from Omaha Central High School. Her father, William Hertzog Thompson, was a minister, psychologist, dean at the University of Nebraska-Omaha, and one-time campaign manager for Howard Buffett.
Though her parents and Warren's knew one another, they met at Northwestern University, via Susan's roommate Roberta Buffett, Warren's sister.
Susan and Warren married in 1952 at the Dundee Presbyterian Church in Omaha. They had three children together: Susan (born July 30, 1953), Howard (born December 16, 1954), and Peter (born May 4, 1958).
She occasionally performed as a cabaret singer and, in 1977, had a one-night performance at an Omaha theater. Encouraged by songwriter/musician Neil Sedaka to pursue a singing career, she left her husband and moved to San Francisco. She started out living in a small apartment in Gramercy Tower on Nob Hill. Later she moved into a large condominium on Broadway near Scott Street in Pacific Heights with views of the Golden Gate Bridge and Alcatraz. She remained married and on good terms with her husband, vacationing together with him and spending time assisting charitable groups. She performed in New York and released several CDs. According to Roger Lowenstein's 1995 Random House biography, "Buffett: The Making of an American Capitalist", while Warren had encouraged Susan to pursue her career in music, he was heartbroken by her move.
In 1978, Susan introduced her husband to Astrid Menks, who moved in with Warren in their Omaha home, and after Susan's death, married him.
The Buffetts never divorced and even attended public functions as husband and wife though they hadn't lived together for more than half of their marriage. The Buffetts even signed Christmas cards Warren, Susan, and Astrid and were often seen together as a trio.
Oral cancer and death.
In October 2003, Susan was diagnosed with oral cancer; she underwent surgery, radiation therapy and facial reconstruction. Warren flew out from Omaha to be with her every weekend during her recovery and the couple would later contribute $6 million to five California doctors for the study of oral cancer. She had recovered enough to attend the annual shareholders' meeting of Berkshire Hathaway in May 2004, leading a singalong at the Borsheim's reception.
Susan died at the age of 72 after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage during the summer of 2004 in Cody, Wyoming. Bono performed "Forever Young" and "All I Want Is You" at her funeral. Warren was so grief-stricken that he did not attend. She left approximately $50 million to her children's charity while each of her children received $10 million and each grandchild received $100,000. She also left a number of friends and employees substantial sums, including $8 million to John McCabe and $1 million to Ron Parks. Nearly all of her Berkshire Hathaway shares, valued at nearly $3 billion at the time, were left to a foundation that would later bear her name.


Condylar canal

The condylar canal (or condyloid canal) is a canal in the condyloid fossa of the lateral parts of occipital bone behind the occipital condyle. Resection of the rectus capitis posterior major and minor muscles reveals the bony recess leading to the condylar canal, which is situated posterior and lateral to the occipital condyle. It is immediately superior to the extradural vertebral artery, which makes a loop above the posterior C1 ring to enter the foramen magnum. The anteriomedial wall of the condylar canal thickens to join the foramen magnum rim and connect to the occipital condyle.
Through the condylar canal, the occipital emissary vein connects to the venous system including the suboccipital venous plexus, occipital sinus and sigmoid sinus.
It is not always present, and can have variations of being a single canal or multiple smaller canals in cluster.


Geographic pricing cost index

Geographic Practice Cost Index is used along with Relative Value Units by Medicare to determine allowable payment amounts for medical procedures. There are multiple GPCIs: Cost of Living, Malpractice, and Practice Cost/Expense. These categories allow Medicare to adjust reimbursement rates to take into account regional and practice-specific factors.
An example calculation for a Medicare allowed amount is:
2009 Non-Facility Pricing Amount = [(Work RVU * Work GPCI) + (Transitioned Non-Facility PE RVU * PE GPCI) + (MP RVU * MP GPCI)] * Conversion Factor (CF)


Fimbria (bacteriology)

In bacteriology, a fimbria (Latin for 'fringe', plural fimbriae), also referred to as an "attachment pilus" by some scientists, is a short appendage found on many Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, and that is thinner and shorter than a flagellum. This appendage ranges from 3–10 nanometers in diameter and can be as much as several micrometers long. Fimbriae are used by bacteria to adhere to one another and to adhere to animal cells and some inanimate objects. A bacterium can have as many as 1,000 fimbriae. Fimbriae are only visible with the use of an electron microscope. They may be straight or flexible.
Fimbriae possess adhesins which attach them to some sort of substratum so that the bacteria can withstand shear forces and obtain nutrients. For example, "E. coli" uses them to attach to mannose receptors.
Some aerobic bacteria form a very thin layer at the surface of a broth culture. This layer, called a pellicle, consists of many aerobic bacteria that adhere to the surface by their fimbriae. Thus, fimbriae allow the aerobic bacteria to remain both on the broth, from which they take nutrients, and near the air.
All fimbriae are pili; they are only called fimbriae because of their purpose. The term "fimbria" can refer to many different (structural) types of pilus, as many different types of pili have been used for adhesion, a case of convergent evolution. The Gene Ontology system does not treat fimbriae as a distinct type of appendage, using the generic pilus (GO:0009289) type instead.
Examples.
"Gram-negative bacteria assemble functional amyloid surface fibers called curli." Curli are a type of fimbriae. Curli are composed of proteins called curlins. Some of the genes involved are "CsgA", "CsgB", "CsgC", "CsgD", "CsgE", "CsgF", and "CsgG".
Another type are called type 1 fimbriae. They contain FimH adhesins at the "tips". The chaperone-usher pathway is responsible for moving many types of fimbriae out of the cell, including type 1 fimbriae and the P fimbriae.
Virulence.
Fimbriae are one of the primary mechanisms of virulence for "E. coli", "Bordetella pertussis", "Staphylococcus" and "Streptococcus" bacteria. Their presence greatly enhances the bacteria's ability to attach to the host and cause disease.


Michael Anton Biermer

Michael Anton Biermer (October 18, 1827 – October 15, 1892) was a German internist who was a native of Bamberg.
In 1851 he earned his doctorate from the University of Würzburg, where he was a student of Rudolf Virchow. Later he was a professor at Bern (from 1861), Zurich (from 1867) and Breslau (1874–91). Two of his better known students were surgeon Theodor Kocher (1841-1917) in Zurich, and dermatologist Albert Neisser (1855-1916) in Breslau.
In 1860 Biermer was the first to describe a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 5-year old Maria Speyer. In 1872 he described a disorder he called "progressive pernicious anemia". He wrote about the disease in an article titled "Über eine eigentümliche Form von progressiver, perniciöser Anaemie". He called it "pernicious anemia" because of the disease's insidious course, and because it was deemed to be untreatable at the time. In 1849, Thomas Addison described the same disease, however Biermer's description was much more comprehensive. Historically, pernicious anemia has also been called "Addison-Biermer disease".
His name is also associated with a medical percussion phenomenon known as "Biermer's change of note".


Peach latent mosaic viroid

Peach latent mosaic viroid is the type species of the genus "Pelamoviroid", which belongs to the family "Avsunviroidae". This family is characterized as having chloroplastic viroids with hammerhead ribozymes. Peach latent mosaic viroid is a 336-351nt circular RNA which has a branched formation. This branched formation is stabilised by a pseudoknot between two kissing loops. Peach latent mosaic viroid was first described in the 1980s in Spain by a group of scientists.
It is present in all peach- and nectarine-producing areas of the world including Europe, Asia, North America and South America and the frequency of naturally occurring infection is high.
Before the development of symptoms the disease is latent in peach trees for approximately 5–7 years. The symptoms of the disease include necrosis of buds, delayed shoot development, necrotic branches, premature ageing of trees, flower streaking, ripening deformations, enlarged rounded stones, circular discoloured areas on the fruit skin and in some cases mosaic, blotch, vein banding or calico appearance on infected leaves. Peach latent mosaic viroid is horizontally spread from plant to plant across a field by propagation of infected buds, pruning tools and green peach aphids. Vertical transmission of peach latent mosaic viroid through seeds can not occur.


High-dependency unit

A high-dependency unit is an area in a hospital, usually located close to the intensive care unit, where patients can be cared for more extensively than on a normal ward, but not to the point of intensive care. It is appropriate for patients who have had major surgery and for those with single-organ failure. Many of these units were set up in the 1990s when hospitals found that a proportion of patients was requiring a level of care that could not be delivered in a normal ward setting. This is thought to be associated with a reduction in mortality. Patients may be admitted to an HDU bed because they are at risk of requiring intensive care admission, or as a step-down between intensive care and ward-based care.
In 2000 the UK Department of Health issued the "Comprehensive Critical Care" report, which set out the number of high dependency ("level 2") beds a hospital should have to deliver care appropriately. By this time, two thirds of UK hospitals had beds identified as "high dependency". The report defines level 2 care as "more detailed observations or intervention including support for a single failing organ system or postoperative care and those 'stepping down' from higher levels of care".
If positive airway pressure ventilation is used to treat respiratory failure, this may be administered in a high dependency unit or equivalent area.


Oswald Berkhan

Oswald Berkhan (19 March 1834 – 15 February 1917) was a German physician.
Born in Blankenburg am Harz, he was one of the initiators of the "Idioten-Anstalt Neuerkerode" (institution for people with mental illnesses), which was thought to be a sanctuary for disabled and ill people. He was also a dedicated reformer of special education schools.
He was the first person to identify dyslexia, in 1881, though the term "dyslexia" was coined several years later (in 1887) by Rudolf Berlin, who was an ophthalmologist in Stuttgart.
Berkhan died in Braunschweig.
Legacy.
In 2016, Oswald Foundation, an accessibility technology company named after Berkhan, was established to build products for individuals suffering from disabilities.


Richard Caruso

Richard E. Caruso is an entrepreneur. He is the founder and chairman of Integra Life Sciences and other companies. In 2006, Caruso was named the Ernst and Young National Entrepreneur of the Year for the United States.
Education.
Caruso received a BS degree from Susquehanna University, a MSBA degree from Bucknell University, and a PhD degree from the London School of Economics.
Entrepreneurial successes.
After college Caruso began his career with PriceWaterhouse & Co in Philadelphia as a certified public accountant. From there he joined LFC Financial Corporation rising to be its executive vice president and a director.
In 1978, Caruso founded The Provco Group a group which organizes and provides funding for a variety of entrepreneurs and complex business activities. According to the company’s website, it currently manages more than a half a billion dollars in assets.
In 1982, Caruso founded Tenly Enterprises. Tenly acquired and operated Rustler Steak House before its acquisition by Sizzler.
In 1989, Caruso founded Integra LifeSciences and took it public in August 1995 listing on the National NASDAQ Market under the symbol “IART”. Caruso built Integra by acquiring unused technology from other companies, principally Marion Laboratories, to create a new branch of medicine now known as regenerative medicine. Integra has a market capitalization in excess of $4 billion.
In 1996, Caruso became a founding shareholder of Interactive Investor International. This company went public on the NASDAQ and London Stock Exchange before being acquired in 1999 by Advanced Voting Solutions, Inc.
Caruso serves on various boards of other organizations including First Sterling Bank, Advanced Voting Solutions, Inc., American Capital Mutual Funds, Museum of the American Revolution and the Medici Archive Project. Caruso is also an advisor to Quaker BioVentures, a venture capital firm, and Infegy, a social media analytics company.
In 1992, Dartmouth Press published Caruso’s book "Mentoring in the Business Environment".
Awards and honors.
In 2000, Caruso was the recipient of the New Jersey Entrepreneurial Leadership Award in Biomaterial Science. In 2006, Caruso received the prestigious Ernst & Young and Kauffman Foundation sponsored Greater Philadelphia Entrepreneur of the Year Award for his work with Integra LifeSciences Corporation and, subsequently, went on to Palm Springs, California to win both the National Award in the Health Sciences category as well as the Overall National Entrepreneur of the Year Award.
Philanthropic work.
Caruso is the founder and director of The Uncommon Individual Foundation, a non-profit foundation that encourages people to become entrepreneurs of their lives. (www.uif.org). He has served on the Boards of Susquehanna University, The Baum School of Art and the Business Performance Group of the London School of Economics.
See also.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rick_Caruso


Bertrand M. Bell

Bertrand Monroe Bell (December 19, 1929 – October 4, 2016) was an American physician and Professor of Medicine at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, best known for his lifelong efforts to regulate resident work hours. He chaired the New York State Ad Hoc Advisory Committee on Emergency Services, a committee appointed in response to the death of Libby Zion, that became known to the general public as the "Bell Commission."
Bell was a 1955 graduate of the State University of New York at Buffalo's School Of Medicine. He served as Director of Ambulatory Services at the Bronx Municipal Hospital Center until 1992, when he was dismissed by Dean Dominick Purpura. He coined the mantra, "see one, do one, teach one, kill one," a play on the dictum "see one, do one, teach one," that had shaped medical education in the United States during the 1970s.
Bell had also served for many years on the Board of Directors of the Griffon Corporation.
Bell died at his Manhattan home on October 4, 2016, of kidney failure at the age of 86.


M. N. Passey

Mohinder Nath Passey (1934–2002) was an Indian physician, rheumatologist and an honorary physician to the President of India. He secured his graduate and post graduate degrees in medicine from Gwalior and started his career as the Medical Registrar at Irwin Hospital. Moving on to Hindu Rao Hospital in 1964, as a medical specialist, he stayed there till 1985, retiring as the Consultant and Head of the Department of Medicine. After superannuation, he worked with Mahalaxmi Hospital till his death on 30 May 2002. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri in 1991.


Robert A. Baron

Robert Alan Baron (born 1943) is Professor of Management and the Spears Chair of Entrepreneurship at Oklahoma State University's Spears School of Business. He studied psychology at City University of New York and received his Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in 1968. He is co-author of the textbook "Social Psychology" (13th edition), published by Allyn & Bacon, as well as numerous other books (e.g., "Behavior in Organizations", 9th edition) and journal articles. Dr. Baron has held faculty appointments at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Purdue, the University of Minnesota, Texas, South Carolina, Washington, Princeton University, and Oxford University.


Medial pulvinary vein

The paired (left and right) medial pulvinary veins () are veins that drain blood from the corresponding halves of medial part of the pulvinar of the thalamus into the corresponding internal cerebral vein


William Asscher

Adolf William Asscher (1930-2014) was a consultant nephrologist.
Asscher was born in the Netherlands. His family was of Jewish heritage, and were thus deported to Westerbork transit camp, from where his mother secured their release in 1943 by fabricating claims to be of English descent, helped in part by Adolf's blond hair. The family left the Netherlands in 1947, when his father obtained a position with Shell in London.
After national service in the Royal Engineers, he studied medicine at the University of London. He rose to be Professor of Medicine at the University of Cardiff from 1976 to 1987 and Director of the Institute of Nephrology there from 1970 to 1987.
He was appointed Dean of St George's Hospital Medical School in 1988, subsequently becoming its Principal until his retirement in 1996.
He chaired the United Kingdom Department of Health's Committee on the Review of Medicines from 1985 to 1987 and its successor, the Committee on Safety of Medicines 1987 to 1993. He was knighted for this work.
He died from bowel cancer on 20 July 2014. An obituary was published in the British Medical Journal.


Qalyub orthonairovirus

Qalyub orthonairovirus, also known as Qalyub nairovirus or simply Qalyub virus, is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus discovered in a rat's nest in a tomb wall in the Egyptian town of Qalyub ( ) in 1952. The primary vector for transmission is the "Carios erraticus" tick, and thus it is an arbovirus.
There is no evidence of clinical disease in humans.


Azadeh Shirazi

Azadeh Shirazi is an American surgeon and cosmetic dermatologist who has been featured on the DoctorsTV show for being the creator of the "Eyeglow procedure". She has authored numerous peer-reviewed journal articles and is also invited on national and local news networks such as FoxNews, Cheddar, NewsMax, NBC, KUSI to discuss various medical topics, therapies, and aesthetic trends.
Education.
She received her medical doctorate degree from the University of Kentucky and dermatology at the Mayo Clinic and University of California San Diego as well as a Research Fellowship at the Wellman Center for Photomedicine at Harvard Medical School. She was trained at the Harvard University and the Southwestern Medical Center of the University of Texas.


Hermann Schloffer

Hermann Schloffer (May 13, 1868 in Graz - January 21, 1937) was an Austrian surgeon.
He studied medicine at the University of Freiburg and University of Graz, where in 1892 he earned his medical doctorate. He spent several years in Prague as a surgical assistant and associate professor, and in 1903-1911 was a surgeon and professor at the University of Innsbruck. Afterwards he was a professor at Charles University in Prague.
On March 16, 1907 Schloffer performed the first transsphenoidal surgery for removal of a pituitary adenoma at the University of Innsbruck. Unfortunately, the patient died several weeks afterwards from a residual tumor. His name is lent to the eponymous "Schloffer tumor", described as an uncommon pseudo-tumor of the abdominal wall that usually appears several years after abdominal surgery.
In 1916 Schloffer became the first to remove a spleen for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). His student Paul Kaznelson (1898-1959) hypothesized - in analogy with hemolytic anemia - that the excessive destruction of platelets in ITP would occur in the spleen and suggested to his tutor Schloffer to perform a splenectomy on a patient with chronic ITP. Schloffer followed Kaznelson's suggestion. Their first patient so treated showed a dramatic improvement.
In 1933 he joined the fascist Fatherland Front in which he remained a member until his death in 1937.


Allergy to cats

Allergies to cats are one of the most common allergies among individuals. Among the eight known cat allergens, the most prominent allergen is secretoglobin Fel d 1, and it is produced in the anal glands, salivary glands, and, mainly, in sebaceous glands of cats, and is ubiquitous in the United States, even in households without cats. Allergic symptoms associated with cats include coughing, wheezing, chest tightening, itching, nasal congestion, rash, watering eyes, sneezing, chapped lips, and similar symptoms. In worst-case scenarios, allergies to cats can develop into more life-threatening conditions such as rhinitis and mild to severe forms of asthma. Despite these symptoms, there are many types of solutions to mitigate the allergic effects of cats, including medications, vaccines, and home remedies. Hypoallergenic cats are another solution for individuals who want pets without the allergic consequences. Furthermore, prospective pet owners can reduce allergic reactions by selecting cats of a specific gender or color, which are associated with a lower production of allergens.
Cat allergens.
Eight cat allergens have been recognized by the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies (WHO/IUIS) Allergen Nomenclature Sub‐Committee. Fel d 1 is the most prominent cat allergen, accounting for 96% of human cat allergies. The remaining cat allergens are Fel d 2–8, with Fel d 4, a major urinary protein found in the saliva of cats, occurring the most in humans among the other seven allergens. All cats produce Fel d 1 including hypoallergenic cats. The main way these allergens are spread is through a cat's saliva or dander, which gets stuck on clothing. A study found that 63% of people allergic to cats have antibodies against Fel d 4.
Fel d 1.
Fel d 1 is the most dominant cat allergen. It is part of the secretoglobulin family, which are proteins found only in mammals. Fel d 1 is primarily secreted through the sebaceous glands and can be found on the skin and fur of a cat. It is less commonly secreted through the salivary gland, lacrimal glands, skin and anal glands.
Fel d 4 and Fel d 7.
Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 are cat lipocalins. Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 are one of the most common cat allergens after Fel d 1. Fel d 4 is produced in the submandibular salivary glands and secreted into the saliva of cats, via which it is deposited on to cat dander during grooming, and is associated with atopic dermatitis in children with cat allergies.
Symptoms.
Symptoms of an allergic reaction to cats range from mild to severe, and include swollen, red, itchy, and watery eyes; nasal congestion, itchy nose, ear pain similar to pain caused by an ear infection, sneezing, chronic sore throat or itchy throat, coughing, wheezing, asthma, hay fever, hives or rash on the face or chest, or itchy skin. If a cat has scratched, licked, or bitten someone who is allergic to cats, redness and sometimes even swelling of the affected area will occur. For those severely allergic, a reaction may resemble that of someone with a severe food allergy, and such reactions require emergency medical care.
Pathophysiology.
As the allergen enters through the nose or mouth, antigen cells analyze the allergen and present antigenic peptides to helper T cells. The helper T cells acquire a type 2 phenotype (Th2) and produce IgE due to the presence of specific cytokines. If Th2 is expressed too much, the symptoms of cat allergies appear. Inhaled cat allergens will activate mast cells, causing coughing, increased mucous production, and airway constriction.
Treatments.
Medications.
Cat allergies can often be controlled with over the counter or prescription medications. Antihistamines and decongestants may provide allergy relief.
Immunotherapy injections.
Some allergy sufferers find relief in allergen immunotherapy, a periodic injection therapy designed to suppress the body's natural immune responses to the cat allergens. In its early stages, AIT utilized cat dander extract, which consists of microscopic dry skin flakes of cats, but later resorted to Fel d 1 due to issues of standardization. One way researchers use Fel 1 d in immunotherapy is through the alteration of its chemical structure. Disulfide bonds between Fel d 1 chains were broken to reduce the binding between the allergen and immunoglobulin E (IgE), inhibiting an allergic response.
Cat bathing.
Regularly bathing a cat may remove significant amounts of allergens from fur. After bathing, the levels of Fel d 1 on cat skin and fur return within two days of bathing. In addition, amounts of Fel d 1 in the surrounding air return after a 24-hour period of bathing the cat. Feeding the cat a high quality diet with plenty of omega-3 fatty acids will help keep the coat healthy and minimize dander.
Development of other treatments.
Development of several human vaccines have been abandoned, including Allervax and Cat-SPIRE. As of 2019, the Swiss company HypoPet AG is developing a vaccine it hopes could be administered to cats to reduce the emission of Fel d 1 proteins.
Hypoallergenic cats.
A hypoallergenic cat is a cat that is less likely to provoke an allergic reaction in humans. Although the topic is controversial, owners' experience and clinical studies suggest that Siberian cats, Devon Rex and Cornish Rex cats, Abyssinian cats, Balinese cats, and several other breeds, especially females, are likely to have low levels of Fel d 1, the main allergenic protein.
From among the above cats noted, the most popular cat breeds to be renowned for their hypoallergenic quality are the Siberian and Balinese. These cats produce much fewer protein allergens in comparison to regular domestic household cats or other cat breeds. Cats that have some Balinese ancestry might produce lower amounts of protein allergens. Cat breeds that often have some Balinese lineage include the Oriental Shorthair, Oriental Longhair, and some Siamese cats.
The common theory among these two hypoallergenic medium- to long-haired cat breeds is that their long-haired gene is associated with producing reduced amounts of allergens. This may be the case as the Balinese cat, a medium to long-haired cat breed (also referred to as the "Long-haired Siamese cat") is regarded as hypoallergenic, whereas the Siamese cat, a short-haired breed, is not. Some Siamese cats might possess hypoallergenic qualities if they have Balinese ancestry. This might provide some evidence that the long-haired genes or traits within this cat breed have resulted in a cat that can genetically produce less amounts of the cat allergens.
In 2006, the Allerca company announced the successful breeding of a line of hypoallergenic cats. However, no peer-reviewed studies have been done to confirm their claims and many scientists and consumers are skeptical of the company's assertions. The company has announced that on January 1, 2010 they will cease their breeding activities.
Another company, Felix Pets, also claims to be developing a breed of hypoallergenic cat.
Cat sex and color.
Female cats produce a lower level of allergens than males, and neutered males produce a lower level of allergens than unneutered males. In 2000, researchers at the Long Island College Hospital found that cat owners with dark-colored cats were more likely to report allergy symptoms than those with light-colored cats. A later study by the Wellington Asthma Research Group found that fur color had no effect on how much allergen a cat produced.


Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers

Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers (4 February 1808 – 5 July 1872) was a French surgeon who was a native of Paris.
In 1837 he received his medical doctorate, and later was a professor of surgery and anatomy in Paris.
Denonvilliers was a pioneer of facial reconstructive surgery. In 1856 he independently performed the second Z-plasty operation for treatment of lower lid ectropion, after Horner in 1837. He is credited for providing the first description of the rectoprostatic fascia, which is sometimes called "Denonvilliers' fascia". Also, another name for the puboprostatic ligament is "Denonvilliers' ligament".
With Auguste Bérard (1802-1846) and Léon Athanase Gosselin (1815-1887), he was co-author of the three-volume "Compendium de chirurgie pratique" (1845-1861).


International Casting Sport Federation


Take Care Now

Take Care Now was an independent provider of Out-of-hours services in England. The company had contracts in Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, Great Yarmouth and Waveney, and Worcester.
Civil action against the company.
In May 2009, civil legal action was begun against Take Care Now after a locum doctor, Daniel Ubani recruited by TCN, through a locum agency, was convicted of manslaughter for giving a patient an overdose of morphine. He had flown into the UK the day before his 12-hour Cambridgeshire shift for Take Care Now and had only had a few hours' sleep. A spokeswoman for the Care Quality Commission said: ""We are aware of a number of concerns in relation to out-of-hours care provided by Take Care Now to the NHS."
Demise.
Take Care Now has been taken over by Harmoni and is now trading as Suffolk Integrated Healthcare.


Vermont State Hospital

Vermont State Hospital, alternately known as the Vermont State Asylum for the Insane and the Waterbury Asylum, was a mental institution built in 1890 in Waterbury, Vermont to help relieve overcrowding at the privately run Vermont Asylum for the Insane in Brattleboro, Vermont, now known as the Brattleboro Retreat. Originally intended to treat the criminally insane, the hospital eventually took in patients with a wide variety of problems, including mild to severe mental disabilities, epilepsy, depression, alcoholism and senility. The hospital campus, much of which now houses other state offices, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. Partly as a replacement for this facility, the state currently operates the 25 bed Vermont psychiatric care hospital in Berlin, VT.
History.
During the tenure of Dr. Eugene A. Stanley as superintendent (1918–1936), the hospital expanded – with a patient population peaking at 1,728 in the mid-1930s – and constructed a new three-story building specifically for the treatment of women. Stanley, who was an advocate of eugenics, espoused forced sterilization and advised the Eugenics Society, to whom he provided patient records.
The word, "Waterbury," used in a derogatory sense, was intended to convey to the listener that someone was either insane or was acting or talking in a manner disagreeable to the speaker (e.g. "Keep that up, and we'll be sending you to Waterbury.")
The property was flooded in 1927. In 2011, Tropical Storm Irene flooded the property above predicted 100-year level.
In 1963, the population started to decline. Empty floor space was converted into state offices.
Operations.
Since 2012, the hospital has been affiliated with the University of Vermont-UVM Medical Center Department of Psychiatry, and several other colleges and universities. The hospital runs a training program, the Vera A. Hanks School of Psychiatric Technology.
Facilities.
In 2012, the property covered .


Gordon Derner

Gordon F. Derner (1915–1983) was an American psychologist. He was the dean of the Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies (since renamed after him) at Adelphi University. He received the Bruno Klopfer Award in 1982.
He was born on April 9, 1915 in Buffalo, New York.
He graduated from the State University at Buffalo, and held a master's degree and a doctorate from Columbia University.


American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R) is the national medical specialty society for physicians who specialize in physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R). These physicians are called “physiatrists” or “rehabilitation physicians.” Founded in 1938, AAPM&R also offers education, advocates for PM&R, and promotes PM&R research.
AAPM&R has more than 8,000 members representing a majority of the physiatrists in the United States and 37 countries. The organization is led by a board of governors, which includes the president, past president, president-elect, vice president, secretary, treasurer, members-at-large, and strategic coordinating committee chairs. The executive director is among the "ex officio" liaisons to the board.
History.
PM&R began in the 1930s as a way to treat musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. Of note, PM&R took a lead role after World War II when disabled veterans or soldiers with physical impairments returned home. The specialty quickly grew as it attempted to help veterans restore function and return to their daily lives. In addition, during the 1940s and early 1950s physiatrists played a pivotal role in the treatment of individuals with Poliomyelitis.
Then called the American Society of Physical Therapy Physicians, AAPM&R was founded in 1938 in Chicago at the annual meeting of the American Congress of Physical Medicine. Walter Zeiter, MD, was elected executive director (a position he held for 22 years), and John S. Coulter, MD, was elected as the first president. In 1939, the Society was formalized in New York City. The Society had 40 charter members including PM&R pioneer Frank H. Krusen, MD (AAPM&R president from 1941–1942). Membership was by invitation only and was limited to 100 doctors until 1944. In 1944, the Society’s name was changed to the American Society of Physical Medicine. In 1951, it became the American Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. The Academy’s current name was adopted in 1955.
Physiatrists today enjoy a broad spectrum of practices from serving as an NFL team physician to caring for Gulf War Veterans suffering from brain injuries, amputations, or other injuries.
Membership.
AAPM&R offers several membership categories depending upon an individual’s credentials. Physicians who are board certified in PM&R (as determined by the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, a certifying board of the American Board of Medical Specialties) are “Fellow” members. There are also categories for residents, international physicians, medical students, and academic researchers.
AAPM&R’s membership reflects the diversity of the specialty of PM&R. Member physicians may treat amputations; pain (neck, nerve, arthritic, back); injuries (brain, spinal cord, sports-related); rehabilitation (cardiac, geriatric, pediatric); and more. Some physiatrists may treat multiple conditions while others may focus on specific areas of interest. Physiatrists’ practices also vary: While some may practice in hospitals and rehabilitation centers, others may work in private practices or with other types of physicians (e.g., orthopedic surgeons, family physicians).
Recognizing the diversity of the specialty and its membership, the Academy established Member Councils in 2009. The Councils bring together clinical segments of the membership in communities: Central Nervous System Rehabilitation, Musculoskeletal Medicine, Medical Rehabilitation, Pain Medicine/Neuromuscular Medicine, and Pediatric Rehabilitation/Developmental Disabilities.
Previous leadership.
1938-1939: John S. Coulter, MD
1939-1940: F.H. Ewerhardt, MD
1940-1941: William Bierman, MD
1941-1942: Frank H Krusen, MD
1942-1943: K.G. Hansson, MD
1943-1944: William H. Schmidt, MD
1944-1946: Fred B. Moor, MD
1946-1947: William D. Paul, MD
1947-1948: Earl C. Elkins, MD
1948-1949: Arthur E. White, MD
1949-1950: Charles O. Molander
1950-1951: Miland E. Knapp, MD
1951-1952: Frances Baker, MD
1952-1953: Walter S. McClellan, MD
1953-1954: Donald L. Rose
1954-1955: Harold Dinken, MD
1955-1956: Ben L. Boynton
1956-1957: Murray B. Ferderber
1957-1958: George D. Wilson, MD
1958-1959: Louis B. Newman, MD
1959-1960: Clarence W. Dail, MD
1960-1961: Ray Piaskoski
1961-1962: Robery W. Boyle
1962-1963: Max K. Newman, MD
1963-1964: Morton Hoberman, MD
1964-1965: Herman L. Rudolph, MD
1965-1966: A.B.C. Knudson, MD
1966-1967: Michael M. Dacso, MD
1967-1968: Robert C. Darling, MD
1968-1969: G. Keith Stillwell, MD
1969-1970: Herman J. Bearzy, MD
1970-1971: Glenn Gullickson, Jr., MD
1971-1972: Arthur S. Abramson, MD
1972-1973: Justus F. Lehmann, MD
1973-1974: Leonard F. Bender, MD
1974-1975: Eugene Moskowitz, MD
1975-1976: Carl V. Granger, MD
1976-1977: Ernest W. Johnson, MD
1977-1978: Joseph Goodgold, MD
1978-1979: Frederic J. Kottke, MD
1979-1980: Joseph C. Honet, MD
1980-1981: William M. Fowler, Jr., MD
1981-1982: John F. Ditunno, Jr., MD
1982-1983: Murray M. Freed, MD
1983-1984: Arthur E. Grant, MD
1984-1985: George H. Kraft, MD
1985-1986: Myron M. LaBan, MD
1986-1987: Richard S. Materson, MD
1987-1988: Joachim L. Opitz, MD*
1988-1989: Barbara J. de Lateur, MD
1989-1990: Erwin G. Gonzalez, MD
1990-1991: James T. Demopoulos, MD
1991-1992: Ian C. MacLean, MD
1992-1993: Leon Reinstein, MD
1993-1994: Robert P. Christopher, MD
1994-1995: Martin Grabois, MD
1995-1996: Randall L. Braddom, MD, MS
1996-1997: James R. Swenson, MD
1997-1998: Barry S. Smith, MD
1998-1999: John L. Melvin, MD
1999-2000: Robert J. Weber, MD
2000-2001: Gail L. Gamble, MD
2001-2002: Thomas E. Strax, MD
2002-2003: Daniel Dumitru, MD, PhD
2003-2004: Claire V. Wolfe, MD
2004-2005: Bruce M. Gans, MD
2005-2006: Steve M. Gnatz, MD, MHA
2006-2007: Joel M. Press, MD
2007-2008: David X. Cifu, MD
2008-2009: William F. Micheo, MD
2009-2010: M. Elizabeth Sandel, MD
2010-2011: Michael F. Lupinacci, MD
2011-2012: David L. Bagnall, MD
2012-2013: Alberto Esquenazi, MD
2013-2014: Kurtis M. Hoppe, MD
2014-2015: Kathleen R. Bell, MD
2015-2016: Gregory M. Worsowicz, MD, MBA
2016-2017: Steve R. Geiringer, MD
2017-2018: Darryl L. Kaelin, MD
Education.
Since 1939, the Academy has held an Annual Assembly each fall. As the largest meeting of physiatrists in the world, the Assembly attracts nearly 2,000 attendees each year. The meeting offers an educational program with PM&R-specific workshops that offer continuing medical education (CME) as well as a job fair and exhibit hall. In addition to the Annual Assembly, the Academy holds several other live courses and workshops covering musculoskeletal ultrasound, spinal procedures, coding and billing, and spasticity and dystonia.
To help members obtain CME online, AAPM&R launched acadeME in 2008. The online education portal allows physiatrists to access CME activities online. It includes courses, slide lectures, case studies, podcasts, self-study materials, and more.
Advocacy.
AAPM&R monitors federal legislative and regulatory health policy and private sector market trends affecting both the health care and insurance industries. The Academy also seeks to position the specialty strategically in the quality environment; advocates for increased responsiveness of research to the rehabilitation needs of people with physical disabilities and the professionals who provide services to them; works to expand practice management services for members; and advocates on behalf of members’ professional interests. The Academy works in collaboration with other physicians’ specialty organizations on a range of professional practice issues including practice management and administrative simplification. The Academy has taken a lead role in advocating for the rehabilitation of wounded service men and women and disabled veterans returning from the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. Many returning veterans have severe disabilities such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Academy advocates for these individuals through alliances with the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, participation in congressional symposiums, and meetings with staff.
The Academy advocates for the needs of patients and physiatrists’ ability to deliver the care they need. For example, the Academy works toward the long-term goal of passing legislation that will remove admissions quotas and return the physiatrist to the position of freely determining what type of rehabilitation is medically necessary for any given patient. In addition to its efforts as a national society, the Academy places a priority on assisting physiatrists at the state level through grassroots advocacy on critical practice issues. The Academy encourages members to get involved with their state PM&R societies to organize and develop a strong lobbying infrastructure. In addition, the Academy coordinates member “Calls to Action” through its Advocacy Action Center.
Awards.
The AAPM&R gives out multiple awards to different doctors each year in different categories.
The Frank H. Krusen, MD, Lifetime Achievement Award
The Distinguished Clinician Award
The Distinguished Member Award
The Distinguished Public Service Award
PASSOR Legacy Award and Lectureship
Outstanding Council Service Awards
Publications.
In 2009, the Academy launched "PM&R", a monthly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal. Published by Elsevier, the journal provides research and education directly related to PM&R topics and emphasizes principles of injury, function, and rehabilitation.
"The Physiatrist" is the official publication of AAPM&R. The print newsletter is distributed to all members 10 times a year and includes updates on legislation, education, jobs, and products or programs related to PM&R and the Academy.
The e-newsletter, "AAPM&R Connection" was launched in 2008. It provides information to Academy members.


Joan Corbella

Joan Corbella i Roig (1945 – 3 February 2021) was a Spanish psychiatrist and science communicator.
Biography.
Corbella promoted the presence of psychiatry in the media, where he became quite popular. He worked for , Cadena COPE, TV3, , Onda Cero, and "Avui". He directed the "Enciclopedia práctica de la psicología" and wrote various books of psychiatry, such as "Qui som, què fem", "Viure sense por", "Ante una edad difícil", "La por del silenci", "Viure en parella", and "Pensar o viure". He also wrote the novel "D'avui per demà", which won the Ramon Llull Novel Award in 1997.
Joan Corbella died in Palma de Mallorca on 3 February 2021 at the age of 76, a few days after his birthday.


Melvin Cohn

Melvin Cohn (1922 – October 23, 2018) was an American immunologist who co-founded the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California. He demonstrated that immunoglobulins and white blood cells interact directly with pathogens to protect the body from infection, and is considered a pioneer in the research of gene regulation.
Early life.
Cohn was born in New York City in 1922. Although both of his parents worked in law, he chose to study physics at the City College of New York. After graduating in 1940, he entered the graduate school of Columbia University and earned his master's degree in chemistry.
During World War II, Cohn was drafted into the United States Army and served in a medical research unit in the Pacific Theater. After the end of the war, he was sent to Hiroshima, Japan in 1945 to study the after-effects of the atomic bombing of the city. He also diagnosed patients affected by a major diphtheria epidemic in the country.
After being discharged from the army in 1946, he attended New York University and earned his Ph.D. in biochemistry in 1949, with a specialization in immunoglobulins.
Career.
From 1949 Cohn worked in Paris, France at the Pasteur Institute, conducting research on genes and cells with the French scientist Jacques Monod, who later won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
From 1955 to 1958, Cohn served as professor of microbiology at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1959, he moved to Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, where he was professor of biochemistry. Cohn's reputation as a leading researcher in molecular biology attracted the attention of Jonas Salk, who was planning to build the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. They struck a friendship as Cohn drove Salk around the San Francisco Bay Area looking at potential sites.
In 1961, when Salk decided to build his institute in La Jolla in Southern California, he invited Cohn and Renato Dulbecco to serve as co-founders, which they both accepted despite the risks involved in joining a new venture which was still short of money. Cohn's wife, biologist Suzanne Bourgeois, also joined them.
Cohn studied the immune system at the Salk Institute for the next 57 years. He demonstrated that immunoglobulins and white blood cells react directly to pathogens to protect the body from infection, and developed computer models to predict the immune system's response to infections.
Personal life.
Cohn married Ruby Burman, a theater scholar and authority on Samuel Beckett, in 1946. They divorced in 1961. He later married again, to biologist Suzanne Bourgeois.
Cohn died in San Diego, California on October 23, 2018, at the age of 96.
Honors and recognition.
Some of the honors and awards Cohn had received:


Private exchange

A private exchange, also known as a private benefits exchange or private health care exchange, is an online store or health insurance marketplace where employees or retirees purchase health insurance and other benefits, typically using funds contributed by their employer.
Overview.
A private exchange is an online marketplace that allows employees or retirees to shop for a personalized benefits package from a broad selection of benefit plans, which often includes medical, vision, dental, life, and disability insurance plans, as well as other offerings including non-insurance products like prepaid legal, FSA's, identity theft protection, and so on. Employers choose the plans and products they wish to offer on a private exchange and allocate funds that their employees or retirees can use to purchase benefits in the marketplace. Exchange users have the option to contribute additional funds beyond their employer contribution should they want to purchase more than the employer contribution covers.
Exchange users log into a web-based portal to select the benefits that best fit their needs. In the portal, users are guided by decision support tools, such as educational articles and videos, plan comparison tools, physician look-up tools, cost estimators, and recommendations to help them make informed choices.
Features.
The features of a private exchange include the following:
History.
Although the concept of private exchanges has existed for decades, the first successful private exchanges arose in the retiree health benefits sector in the form of Medicare exchanges. Medicare exchanges provide retirees with a selection of: Medicare Advantage plans (the more comprehensive Medicare plans offered by private insurers); Medicare Part D Prescription Drug coverage; and Medicare supplement policies, also known as Medigap.
The first Medicare exchange was operated by Extend Health, which launched in 2005, and allowed car manufacturer Chrysler to move its retirees from its cost-prohibitive group plan and into the individual Medicare market, where retirees could choose their coverage to fit their budget and health care needs. (Extend Health was acquired by Willis Towers Watson in 2012.).
It's unclear when exactly the first private exchange for employees was formed. Some of the pioneers include bswift (1996), Liazon (2007) Bloom Health (2009), and Connected Health (2009).
Types.
Three major types of companies are building private exchanges:
Public exchanges.
Private exchanges and public exchanges, also known as public health insurance exchanges, both enable the purchase of benefits through an online marketplace. However, private exchanges are offered by employers for use by active and/or retired employees and include health insurance and other types of benefits. Public exchanges, on the other hand, were established under the Affordable Care Act to give individuals the opportunity to purchase health insurance, often with a government subsidy if eligible. Private exchanges are operated by private entities such as brokers, carriers and technology companies, while public exchanges are operated by individual states or the federal government or via a federal/state partnership. Finally, private exchanges typically offer varying degrees of decision support, or ways to guide employees through the benefits selection process, through education and system recommendations. Private exchanges may be accessed by employees throughout the year to review their benefits or make qualifying changes to their coverage, whereas public exchanges currently lack decision support and can only be accessed for Open Enrollment except in the case of a qualifying event.
Benefits administration platforms.
While both private exchanges and benefits administration platforms leverage technology to simplify benefits and reduce the administrative burden on HR, private exchanges take a consumer-driven approach to benefits. A benefits administration platform simply allows a transition from paper enrollment to online enrollment.
A defined contribution strategy is common on private exchanges, allowing employers to control costs by setting a defined budget and then letting their employees shop for benefits. In addition, private exchanges provide meaningful choice through multiple benefit type and plan offerings along with decision support to guide employees through the shopping experience.


Arthur Hunnicutt

Arthur Lee Hunnicutt (February 17, 1910 – September 26, 1979) was an American actor known for his portrayal of wise, grizzled, and old rural characters. He received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in "The Big Sky" (1952). He was also known for his role in the Western television series "Sugarfoot" (1957–1961).
Early years.
On February 17, 1910, Hunnicutt was born in Gravelly, Arkansas. He attended the University of Central Arkansas and Arkansas State Teachers College but dropped out when he ran out of money.
Career.
Hunnicutt gained early acting experience in stock theatre and entertained in traveling shows. An article in the September 22, 1940, issue of the "Brooklyn Daily Eagle" reported, "There isn't a decent sized medicine show traveling through Kentucky, Illinois, Georgia, Indiana or Mississippi, nor a stock company touring those states, which hasn't had the name of Arthur Hunnicutt on its programs." After eight years of such activity, in 1936 he enrolled in a drama school in Cleveland to study theatrical techniques for a year.
He moved to Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, where he joined up with a theatre company. Moving to New York City, he worked in the laundry at the Algonquin Hotel for 17 months before landing roles in Broadway productions. While touring as the lead actor in "Tobacco Road", he developed the country character he would later be typecast as throughout his career. Hunnicutt often found himself cast as a character much older than himself.
Hunnicutt's first film was "Wildcat" (1942). He appeared in a number of films in the early 1940s before returning to the stage. In 1949 he moved back to Hollywood and resumed his film career. He played a long string of supporting role characters—sympathetic, wise rural types, as in "The Red Badge of Courage" (1951), "The Lusty Men" (1952),"The Kettles in the Ozarks" (1955), "The Last Command" (1955, as Davy Crockett), "The Tall T" (1957), "Cat Ballou" (1965, as Butch Cassidy), "El Dorado" (1966) and "The Adventures of Bullwhip Griffin".
In 1952, he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in the Howard Hawks film "The Big Sky".
Throughout the '50s, '60s and '70s, Hunnicutt made nearly 40 guest appearances on American television programs. He made two memorable appearances on "Perry Mason" in 1963: he played orange grower Amos Kennesaw Mountain Keller in "The Case of the Golden Oranges," and prospector Sandy Bowen in "The Case of the Drowsy Mosquito." He also made guest appearances on "Bonanza", "Cheyenne", "Gunsmoke", "The Outer Limits", "The Rifleman", "", "The Andy Griffith Show"," The Wild Wild West", " Adam-12", and "The Twilight Zone". In one of his last movies, "Moonrunners" (1975)—the precursor to "The Dukes of Hazzard"—he played the original Uncle Jesse.
In his later years, Hunnicutt served as honorary mayor of Northridge, California. He developed tongue cancer.
Death.
On September 27, 1979, Hunnicutt died of cancer at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital at age 69. He was buried in the Coop Prairie Cemetery in Mansfield, Arkansas.


Humberto Guerra Allison

Humberto Guerra Allison (born 1940), is a physician and scientist. He graduated from Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (MD) and Baylor College of Medicine (PhD in Microbiology). With Hugo Lumbreras, he co-founded a Tropical Medicine Institute at Cayetano Heredia University, the Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt at Lima, Peru. Guerra later directed the Institute.
Guerra's research focuses on the pathogenesis and immunology of bacterial diseases including brucellosis, leishmania and tuberculosis. He is the head of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory at the IMT AvH.j
Sources.
The Peru Report's Guide to Top People in Peru. Vol 1, p 303, 1992
External links.
Link to Pub Med list of publications


Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

The Southern Society for Clinical Investigation is a professional society for medicine, based in the southern United States.
The organization was founded as the Southern Society for Clinical Research on October 5, 1946, at a meeting in New Orleans attended by representatives from nineteen medical schools in the southern U.S. Its first president was Tinsley Randolph Harrison, and it began holding annual scientific meetings from 1947. The organization was renamed in 1966 to its present name, in order to avoid confusion with the Southern Section of the American Federation for Clinical Research. In 1984, it became the sponsor of the "American Journal of the Medical Sciences".
Awards.
The Founders' Medal Award has been awarded annually since 1973 to notable members of the SSCI.


Michel Bertier

Michel Bertier (Berthier) ( – 5 September 1740) was the surgeon-major of Quebec and was surgeon to the Hôtel-Dieu there as well.
Bertier had frequent professional contact with Michel Sarrazin who was surgeon-major of the colonial regular troops. They both attended at the death of Bishop Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier.