Carl Alexander von Martius

Carl Alexander von Martius (born January 19, 1838, in Munich; died February 26, 1920, in Nonn by Bad Reichenhall) was a German chemist and entrepreneur.
Life.
His father was botanist and explorer Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868) and his mother was author Franziska von Stengel (1801–1843). In 1872, Martius married "Margarete Veit" (1853–1926). On February 16, 1903, Martius became by German king Wilhelm II a nobleman.
Martius studied chemistry. At university he was member of student organisation "Corps Bremensia". He was a student of Justus von Liebig and university assistent August Wilhelm von Hofmann in Berlin.
In 1863, Martius invented in Berlin azo dye Bismarck brown Y, which he named after german chancellor Otto von Bismarck. It is used in histology for staining tissues.
In 1867, Martius invented in Berlin "Dinitronaphthol", which was later named after him as "Martiusgelb". In Berlin, together with German chemist Paul Mendelssohn Bartholdy he founded in 1867 German company "Aktiengesellschaft für Anilinfabrikation" (Agfa).
Martius was founding member of German organisation "Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft" in Berlin and of German organisation "Vereins zur Wahrung der Interessen der chemischen Industrie Deutschlands". In 1891, Martius was foundig member of German organisation "German Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property" in Berlin. From 1916 to 1918 Martius was member of Prussian House of Lords.