A contribution to the knowledge of jumping spiders from Thailand (Aranei: Salticidae) Ê ïîçíàíèþ ïàóêîâ-ñêàêóí÷èêîâ Òàèëàíäà (Aranei:

Salticidae represent the most speciose and genus reach spider family, with more than 6000 species and around 650 genera being described from all over the world [WSC, 2020]. The world knowledge of jumping spiders is hardly exhaustive as far as their faunal inventory concerns. Many countries of the Oriental Region still have short lists of the recorded salticids, far from a completion. Thus, 48 species of the jumping spiders have been reported from Thailand, which is a surprisingly low number compared to neighbouring Vietnam (126 sp.) or Malaysia (278 sp.) [Metzner, 2020]. The first data about Thai representatives of the family were published by Giebel [1863], with all the species described by him being considered nomina dubia by Roewer in 1955 [Azarkina, 2019]. Simon [1886] reported on two species from Thailand: Telamonia hasselti (Thorell, 1878) (described as Viciria scoparia) from Chantaboun [=Chanthaburi] and Hyllus diardi (Walckenaer, 1837) from Tung Yai (Turgiai in Simon [1886]) located on the seashore near Chantaboun. Almost a century later, few new species and findings were made by Wanless [1980, 1984] and ABSTRACT. Jumping spiders of 10 species collected from Satun, Sukhotai and Kanchanaburi Provinces of Thailand are studied. Six species are reported from the country for the first time: Evarcha bulbosa Żabka, 1985, Phintella vittata (C.L. Koch, 1846), Phintelloides versicolor (C.L. Koch, 1846), and Portia labiata (Thorell, 1887). Two of them are new to the fauna of Indo-China (Holoplatys digitatus Zhou, Irfan et Peng, 2017 and Menemerus nigli Wesołowska et Freudenschuss, 2012). Three species — M. brachygnathus (Thorell, 1887), Plexippus paykulli (Audouin, 1826) and P. setipes Karsch, 1879 — have the southernmost records of their distribution in Thailand. One species — Stenaelurillus abramovi Logunov, 2008 — has a southernmost limit of its range. Photos of living specimens for eight species, as well as drawings of the copulatory organs for H. digitatus and M. nigli are provided. How to cite this article: Seyfulina R.R., Azarkina G.N., Kartsev V.M. 2020. A contribution to the knowledge of jumping spiders from Thailand (Aranei: Salticidae) // Arthropoda Selecta. Vol.29. No.1. P.87–96. doi: 10.15298/arthsel. 29.1.07


Introduction
Salticidae represent the most speciose and genus reach spider family, with more than 6000 species and around 650 genera being described from all over the world [WSC, 2020]. The world knowledge of jumping spiders is hardly exhaustive as far as their faunal inventory concerns. Many countries of the Oriental Region still have short lists of the recorded salticids, far from a completion. Thus, 48 species of the jumping spiders have been reported from Thailand, which is a surprisingly low number compared to neighbouring Vietnam (126 sp.) or Malaysia (278 sp.) [Metzner, 2020].
The aims of the present paper are: (1) to provide new records for the species collected during the 2014 field trip to Thailand; (2) to illustrate Holoplatys digitatus and Menemerus nigli, the species that display an unusual distribution and are recorded far from their known ranges; (3) to provide photographs of live specimens for eight species; and (4) to compose an updated and revised checklist of the Thai jumping spiders.

Material and Methods
A total of 13 specimens of Salticidae belonging to 10 species of eight genera has been studied. Specimens have been deposited in the Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS (ISEA, curator G.N. Azarkina). Each species listed below is provided with the information about its general distribution and habitat preferences. Each species recorded from Thailand for the first time is marked with an asterisk (*). For known species, only references to their original descriptions and records from Thailand are listed; full reference lists for each species can be found in WSC [2020].
Specimens were collected by the first author during a short fieldtrip to Thailand in November 2014. The specimens were photographed in the sampling plots and/or were taken alive to the laboratory and then photographed with the aid of digital camera Nikon D810. Then specimens were preserved with 75% alcohol. Two preserved species were photographed using digital camera Canon EOS 550D attached to Zeiss Stemi 2000-C at the ISEA. Focal planes of a single image stack were combined by using the Helicon Focus 6.3 software. All drawings were edited and assembled in Adobe Photoshop CS5. Distributional map was produced by using the online mapping software SimpleMappr [Shorthouse, 2010].
List of the surveyed localities in Thailand (Map 25-26.11.2014. The site-3 is mapped as one dot (Map: 3) because all three sites are very close to each other: 3a and 3b are separated by 0.15 km, 3b and 3c by about 1.35 km. Yet, in the following species survey, a precise reference to 3a, 3b or 3c, as well as to site-1 and 2, is provided in square brackets for each species.
The site in Kanchanaburi Province ( Fig. 1, Map: 1) is located in the immediate proximity to the Sai Yok Noi Waterfall. It is covered primarily by Ficus spp., and the grass undergrowth was visually examined in search for spiders.
The site in Sukhotai Province (Fig. 2, Map: 2) is situated in the Sukhothai Historical Park (Mueang Kao), which covers some 70 square kilometers. Spiders were collected mostly from trunks of the trees forming park alleys (Ficus spp., Cassia bakeriana Craib, Cocos nucifera L., etc. HABITAT. Seems to be a tamnobiont: the holotype was collected from bush [Żabka, 1985], while our specimen was collected either from grass or bush. DISTRIBUTION. An east Oriental species known from China (Hunan), Vietnam and Indonesia (Java) [Żabka, 1985;Peng, 1989;Yin et al., 2012]. Originally was described from Vietnam (the holotype) and Java (the paratype) (see Żabka [1985]); still remains known from the males only. The first record from Thailand. HABITAT. The species is with a flattened body, adapted to life under tree bark (11)(12).
DISTRIBUTION. India throughout China (Beijing) to Japan, southward to Malaysia; reported also from Argentina [Metzner, 2020;WSC, 2020]. The southernmost locality in Thailand; previously was known from Bangkok only [Żabka, Gardzińska, 2017]. HABITAT. Found under/on stones [Wesołowska, Freudenschuss, 2012;present data], as well as on an indoor wall [Chatterjee et al., 2017]. Life coloration of the male (Fig.  14)  (Behala, West Bengal) [Chatterjee et al., 2017], and 4200-4500 km from the type locality in Pakistan (Balochistan, Turbat) [Wesołowska, Freudenschuss, 2012], belonging to the bordering line of the Palaearctic Region. The species seems to have a wide range, which extends further eastward. HABITAT. Occurs on bushes and low vegetation [Roy et al., 2016]. We observed specimens in grass and once on a silk threat suspending down from upper vegetation.
DISTRIBUTION. Distributed throughout the Oriental Region and Eastern Palaearctics, from India to Japan and Indonesia. Introduced to USA (Hawaii) [Metzner, 2020;WSC, 2020]. The first record from Thailand.  HABITAT. A plant dweller, also occurs on walls and other man-made constructions.
DISTRIBUTION. A widespread species of African origin tending to cosmopolitan status in the tropics, introduced to both Americas [Metzner, 2020;Nentwig et al., 2020;WSC, 2020]. In Thailand, it has been reported from many areas (see Żabka & Gardzińska [2017] HABITAT. A plant dweller, found on a tree trunk. DISTRIBUTION. Distributed from South Korea to Japan, southward to Vietnam and Thailand [Logunov, Marusik, 2000;present data]. In Thailand, the species is known from the northernmost territory: Chiang Rai Province [Żabka, Gardzińska, 2017]. Our records is the second and southernmost one in Thailand. REMARKS. The not fully formed spermathecae of the collected subadult female does not allow a reliable species identification. The habitual characters, such as the white haired clypeus, allow us to consider four Portia species which could occur in the region: P. albimana (Simon, 1900), P. assamensis Wanless, 1978, P. labiata (Thorell, 1887 and P. zhaoi Peng, Li et Chen, 2003. The following characters are evidence that the collected specimen is likely to belong to P. labiata: four retromarginal teeth, while other species have three teeth; palps completely fringed with long white hairs (whitish and light brown in P. assamensis and long white ventral hairs in P. zhaoi); tufts of dark hairs behind anterior median and outside anterior lateral eyes (light brown in P. albimana, whitish in P. assamensis and absent in P. zhaoi) (cf. Hill, 2010: f. 7-8;Murphy, Murphy, 1983: 40;Peng et al., 2003: 50-51, f. 4;Wanless, 1978: 103-107;Wanless, 1987: f. 3). Yet, the record of this species is to be considered provisional until adults have been collected from the territory of Thailand.
HABITAT. A plant dweller, also uses stone surfaces as a hunting ground. Found in the rare grass tuft.
DISTRIBUTION. Thailand and Vietnam [WSC, 2020]. It is the second record from Thailand and outside the type locality. Originally described from southern Vietnam (Province Ba Ria-Vung Tau) [Logunov, 2008], later found in eastern Thailand (Trat Province) [Logunov, Azarkina, 2018]. The new locality is situated some 700 km south-westward of the latter. The southernmost record of the known species range.

Discussion
In total, 13 specimens belonging to 10 species and eight genera have been identified. Six of them were collected from Satun Province, five and one species were recorded from Sukhotai and Kanchanaburi Province, respectively. Six species are new to the spider fauna of Thailand (E. bulbosa, P. versicolor, P. vittata, P. labiata) or Indo-China (H. digitatus, M. nigli). Four species have the southernmost limits of their distribution either in Thailand (M. brachygnathus, P. paykulli, P. setipes), or of the entire range (S. abramovi). Żabka & Gardzińska [2017] published a checklist of the Thai Salticidae with 33 confirmed species and 13 species that needed confirmation. Unfortunately, their list contains some mistaken data. For instance, Myrmarachne paviei (Simon, 1886) was reported for Thailand, while it was actually collected from Tepong [=Thepong] situated on the territory of Cambodia, close to the modern Châmnar, Koh Kong Province. For Epeus tener Simon, 1887 it was said that "the species was originally described as Viciria cristata Thorell, 1887 (p. 393) from Chantaboun". However, Thorell [1887] described V. cristata from Myanmar, not from Thailand. Furthermore, Thorell compared this species with Viciria scoparia, a junior synonym of Telamonia hasselti (Thorell, 1878), which was described by Simon [1886] indeed from Chantaboun [=Chanthaburi], Siam (cf. Simon [1886: 139] and Thorell [1887: 397]). Thus, the findings of M. paviei and E. tener in Thailand are incorrect and are to be removed from the current species list.
Further in the same work [Żabka, Gardzińska, 2017: 231] there are two records with the same species names but different authorships: Telamonia scoparia (Simon, 1886) and T. scoparia Thorell, 1887. Based on the given distribution "from Myanmar to Sulawesi" (see Żabka & Gardzińska [2017] and WSC [2020]), in the first case the authors apparently meant Telamonia hasselti. Under the second name, the authors seemed to mean Thiania bhamaensis Thorell, 1887, which was described from Myanmar and first recorded from Thailand by Chotwong & Tanikawa [2013]. Metzner [2020] lists 48 species for the territory of Thailand, of which E. tener recorded by Żabka & Gardz- ińska [2017] is not included. This species list includes not only published data but also identified materials from various European museum collections, for which information is in free online access (e.g., many German and Swedish museums, etc.). We have found a few species erroneously placed in the latter checklist of Thai Salticidae. Euriattus pumilio Keyserling, 1881 (sub Hasarius pumilio) was described and is known from Queensland, Australia only. Pancorius dabanis (Hogg, 1922) was described and is known from South Annam only (part of the Vietnamese territory), while it is mistakenly reported as occurring in Thailand by WSC [2020] and Metzner [2020], and also included in the list of Indian spiders [Siliwal et al., 2005]. Portia labiata is included in the Thai list following Song et al. [2002]. Yet, in the latter paper, the authors mentioned Thailand in 'Distribution', but gave no reference to the source of this information. Thus, our record is the first confirmed finding of the genus Portia in Thailand. Two species from Metzner's list [2020], as well as two species listed by Żabka & Gardzińska [2017], should be excluded from the current checklist of Thai Salticidae until confirmation by reference to collected specimens.
Thus, with the aforementioned exceptions and newly recorded species, a verified list of Thai Salticidae currently contains 50 species from 34 genera (Table). Eleven genera are endemic to Thailand. Twenty seven species are known from Indo-Malay Region (sensu Kryzhanovsky [2002]). Two species are cosmopolitan and two species are pantropical. One species is Palaeotropical. Two species are known from the south-east part of the Palaearctics to Indo-Malay Region. Two species are known from the East Palaearctics to Indo-Malay Region. Two species are known from the Indo-Malay to the north of Papuan Regions, one speciesfrom the East Afrotropics to Indo-Malay Region.
It is likely that with more collecting efforts many salticid species recorded from other countries of Indo-China, southern China and Indonesia will be found in Thailand, whereas the species that are currently treated as Thai endemics (Table) are likely to be found in the neighbouring countries. Yet, the current species list of Thai Salticidae should be increased at least by five times.