src/url-toolkit.js
function(baseURL, relativeURL, opts) {
      opts = opts || {};
      // remove any remaining space and CRLF
      baseURL = baseURL.trim();
      relativeURL = relativeURL.trim();
      if (!relativeURL) {
        // 2a) If the embedded URL is entirely empty, it inherits the
        // entire base URL (i.e., is set equal to the base URL)
        // and we are done.
        if (!opts.alwaysNormalize) {
          return baseURL;
        }
        var basePartsForNormalise = URLToolkit.parseURL(baseURL);
        if (!basePartsForNormalise) {
          throw new Error('Error trying to parse base URL.');
        }
        basePartsForNormalise.path = URLToolkit.normalizePath(basePartsForNormalise.path);
        return URLToolkit.buildURLFromParts(basePartsForNormalise);
      }
      var relativeParts = URLToolkit.parseURL(relativeURL);
      if (!relativeParts) {
        throw new Error('Error trying to parse relative URL.');
      }
      if (relativeParts.scheme) {
        // 2b) If the embedded URL starts with a scheme name, it is
        // interpreted as an absolute URL and we are done.
        if (!opts.alwaysNormalize) {
          return relativeURL;
        }
        relativeParts.path = URLToolkit.normalizePath(relativeParts.path);
        return URLToolkit.buildURLFromParts(relativeParts);
      }
      var baseParts = URLToolkit.parseURL(baseURL);
      if (!baseParts) {
        throw new Error('Error trying to parse base URL.');
      }
      if (!baseParts.netLoc && baseParts.path && baseParts.path[0] !== '/') {
        // If netLoc missing and path doesn't start with '/', assume everthing before the first '/' is the netLoc
        // This causes 'example.com/a' to be handled as '//example.com/a' instead of '/example.com/a'
        var pathParts = FIRST_SEGMENT_REGEX.exec(baseParts.path);
        baseParts.netLoc = pathParts[1];
        baseParts.path = pathParts[2];
      }
      if (baseParts.netLoc && !baseParts.path) {
        baseParts.path = '/';
      }
      var builtParts = {
        // 2c) Otherwise, the embedded URL inherits the scheme of
        // the base URL.
        scheme: baseParts.scheme,
        netLoc: relativeParts.netLoc,
        path: null,
        params: relativeParts.params,
        query: relativeParts.query,
        fragment: relativeParts.fragment
      };
      if (!relativeParts.netLoc) {
        // 3) If the embedded URL's <net_loc> is non-empty, we skip to
        // Step 7.  Otherwise, the embedded URL inherits the <net_loc>
        // (if any) of the base URL.
        builtParts.netLoc = baseParts.netLoc;
        // 4) If the embedded URL path is preceded by a slash "/", the
        // path is not relative and we skip to Step 7.
        if (relativeParts.path[0] !== '/') {
          if (!relativeParts.path) {
            // 5) If the embedded URL path is empty (and not preceded by a
            // slash), then the embedded URL inherits the base URL path
            builtParts.path = baseParts.path;
            // 5a) if the embedded URL's <params> is non-empty, we skip to
            // step 7; otherwise, it inherits the <params> of the base
            // URL (if any) and
            if (!relativeParts.params) {
              builtParts.params = baseParts.params;
              // 5b) if the embedded URL's <query> is non-empty, we skip to
              // step 7; otherwise, it inherits the <query> of the base
              // URL (if any) and we skip to step 7.
              if (!relativeParts.query) {
                builtParts.query = baseParts.query;
              }
            }
          } else {
            // 6) The last segment of the base URL's path (anything
            // following the rightmost slash "/", or the entire path if no
            // slash is present) is removed and the embedded URL's path is
            // appended in its place.
            var baseURLPath = baseParts.path;
            var newPath = baseURLPath.substring(0, baseURLPath.lastIndexOf('/') + 1) + relativeParts.path;
            builtParts.path = URLToolkit.normalizePath(newPath);
          }
        }
      }
      if (builtParts.path === null) {
        builtParts.path = opts.alwaysNormalize ? URLToolkit.normalizePath(relativeParts.path) : relativeParts.path;
      }
      return URLToolkit.buildURLFromParts(builtParts);
    }
function(baseURL, relativeURL, opts) {
      opts = opts || {};
      // remove any remaining space and CRLF
      baseURL = baseURL.trim();
      relativeURL = relativeURL.trim();
      if (!relativeURL) {
        // 2a) If the embedded URL is entirely empty, it inherits the
        // entire base URL (i.e., is set equal to the base URL)
        // and we are done.
        if (!opts.alwaysNormalize) {
          return baseURL;
        }
        var basePartsForNormalise = URLToolkit.parseURL(baseURL);
        if (!basePartsForNormalise) {
          throw new Error('Error trying to parse base URL.');
        }
        basePartsForNormalise.path = URLToolkit.normalizePath(basePartsForNormalise.path);
        return URLToolkit.buildURLFromParts(basePartsForNormalise);
      }
      var relativeParts = URLToolkit.parseURL(relativeURL);
      if (!relativeParts) {
        throw new Error('Error trying to parse relative URL.');
      }
      if (relativeParts.scheme) {
        // 2b) If the embedded URL starts with a scheme name, it is
        // interpreted as an absolute URL and we are done.
        if (!opts.alwaysNormalize) {
          return relativeURL;
        }
        relativeParts.path = URLToolkit.normalizePath(relativeParts.path);
        return URLToolkit.buildURLFromParts(relativeParts);
      }
      var baseParts = URLToolkit.parseURL(baseURL);
      if (!baseParts) {
        throw new Error('Error trying to parse base URL.');
      }
      if (!baseParts.netLoc && baseParts.path && baseParts.path[0] !== '/') {
        // If netLoc missing and path doesn't start with '/', assume everthing before the first '/' is the netLoc
        // This causes 'example.com/a' to be handled as '//example.com/a' instead of '/example.com/a'
        var pathParts = FIRST_SEGMENT_REGEX.exec(baseParts.path);
        baseParts.netLoc = pathParts[1];
        baseParts.path = pathParts[2];
      }
      if (baseParts.netLoc && !baseParts.path) {
        baseParts.path = '/';
      }
      var builtParts = {
        // 2c) Otherwise, the embedded URL inherits the scheme of
        // the base URL.
        scheme: baseParts.scheme,
        netLoc: relativeParts.netLoc,
        path: null,
        params: relativeParts.params,
        query: relativeParts.query,
        fragment: relativeParts.fragment
      };
      if (!relativeParts.netLoc) {
        // 3) If the embedded URL's <net_loc> is non-empty, we skip to
        // Step 7.  Otherwise, the embedded URL inherits the <net_loc>
        // (if any) of the base URL.
        builtParts.netLoc = baseParts.netLoc;
        // 4) If the embedded URL path is preceded by a slash "/", the
        // path is not relative and we skip to Step 7.
        if (relativeParts.path[0] !== '/') {
          if (!relativeParts.path) {
            // 5) If the embedded URL path is empty (and not preceded by a
            // slash), then the embedded URL inherits the base URL path
            builtParts.path = baseParts.path;
            // 5a) if the embedded URL's <params> is non-empty, we skip to
            // step 7; otherwise, it inherits the <params> of the base
            // URL (if any) and
            if (!relativeParts.params) {
              builtParts.params = baseParts.params;
              // 5b) if the embedded URL's <query> is non-empty, we skip to
              // step 7; otherwise, it inherits the <query> of the base
              // URL (if any) and we skip to step 7.
              if (!relativeParts.query) {
                builtParts.query = baseParts.query;
              }
            }
          } else {
            // 6) The last segment of the base URL's path (anything
            // following the rightmost slash "/", or the entire path if no
            // slash is present) is removed and the embedded URL's path is
            // appended in its place.
            var baseURLPath = baseParts.path;
            var newPath = baseURLPath.substring(0, baseURLPath.lastIndexOf('/') + 1) + relativeParts.path;
            builtParts.path = URLToolkit.normalizePath(newPath);
          }
        }
      }
      if (builtParts.path === null) {
        builtParts.path = opts.alwaysNormalize ? URLToolkit.normalizePath(relativeParts.path) : relativeParts.path;
      }
      return URLToolkit.buildURLFromParts(builtParts);
    }
jshint ignore:line If opts.alwaysNormalize is true then the path will always be normalized even when it starts with / or // E.g With opts.alwaysNormalize = false (default, spec compliant) http://a.com/b/cd + /e/f/../g => http://a.com/e/f/../g With opts.alwaysNormalize = true (not spec compliant) http://a.com/b/cd + /e/f/../g => http://a.com/e/g