5.  The applicant was born in 1969 and lives in Lapinlahti. 6.  While driving his pickup van on 17 January 2001, the applicant was stopped by the police during a road check. The police discovered a more leniently taxed fuel than diesel oil in the tank of the van. 7.  On 26 February 2001 the applicant was fined for petty tax fraud through a summary penal order. The form stated, inter alia:
“Misdemeanour, modus operandi:
Petty tax fraud (motor vehicle tax misdemeanour). [The applicant] used as fuel in his car fuel more leniently taxed than diesel oil without having paid due additional tax (lisävero, tilläggsskatt).
Footnote: he had filled the tank himself.”
The fine amounted to 720 Finnish marks (FIM, or 121 euros (EUR)). The summary penal order indicated that Chapter 29, Article 3, of the Penal Code (rikoslaki, strafflagen; Act no. 769/1990) and sections 20 and 33 of the Motor Vehicle Tax Act (laki moottoriajoneuvoverosta, lagen om skatt på motorfordon; Act no. 722/1966, now repealed) had been applied. As the applicant did not contest the imposition of the fine, it became final on 6 March 2001. 8.  In separate proceedings, and having received the applicant’s submission in writing on an unspecified date, on 17 September 2001 the Vehicle Administration (ajoneuvohallintokeskus, fordonsförvaltningscentralen) issued the applicant with a fuel fee debit amounting to FIM 90,000 (equivalent to EUR 15,137) on the ground that his pickup van had been run on more leniently taxed fuel than diesel oil without prior notification to the Vehicle Administration or Customs. The decision indicated that sections 2-7 of the Fuel Fee Act (laki polttoainemaksusta; lagen om bränsleavgift; Act no. 337/1993, now repealed) had been applied. The decision also included instructions on how to appeal against it and how to apply for a reduction of the imposed amount. 9.  The applicant lodged both an application for a reduction of the fee and an appeal with a view to having the decision overturned, arguing, inter alia, that the fuel fee should have been claimed at the same time as the summary penal order was issued. As it had not been claimed at that time, it was no longer possible to debit the fuel fee in the light of Article 7 of the Convention. 10.  On 10 October 2001 the National Board of Taxes (verohallitus, skattestyrelsen) rejected the application for a reduction of the fee. It reasoned:
“No special reasons provided for by law to grant a reduction have been put forward.” 11.  The decision indicated that section 15 of the Fuel Fee Act had been applied. No appeal lay. 12.  On 28 August 2002 the Helsinki Administrative Court (hallinto-oikeus, förvaltningsdomstolen), having received the observations of the Tax Ombudsman (veroasiamies, skatteombudet) and the Vehicle Administration and the applicant’s observations in reply, rejected the appeal. It reasoned:
“Section 4 of the Fuel Fee Act provides that a fuel fee (polttoainemaksu, bränsleavgift) is collected for the number of days the vehicle has been continuously located in Finland prior to the noted use, but not for more than 20 days at a time. Section 5 provides that the fuel fee for a pickup van is FIM 1,500 [some EUR 252] per diem. Section 6 provides that if the use of more leniently taxed fuel than diesel oil is discovered in a vehicle in respect of which no prior notice has been given, the fuel fee collected is treble the [normal] amount.
The pickup van owned by Pertti Jukka Tapio Ruotsalainen, [registration no.] KJM-327, has been noted to have been used during the year 2001 using fuel more leniently taxed than diesel oil. Ruotsalainen had not informed the Vehicle Administration or the Customs thereof [in advance]. In the pre-trial investigation and in his writ of appeal he has conceded that he has used incorrect fuel in his vehicle.
The imposition of a fuel fee in an administrative procedure concerns the imposition of a fee comparable to a tax. What is in issue is not the imposition of a criminal punishment or a sanction in lieu.
The imposition of a fuel fee ... is not in breach of the Constitution of Finland or the Convention.
Despite the reasons for the use submitted by Ruotsalainen and despite his financial status, the Vehicle Administration was entitled to impose a fuel fee. The fuel fee amounts to FIM 1,500 per diem, it was to be imposed in respect of 20 days and it was to be trebled. The fuel fee FIM 90,000 has been imposed in accordance with the law. There is no reason to amend the debiting decision.” 13.  The decision indicated that sections 1, 3, 7 and 15 of the Fuel Fee Act and Article 7 of the Convention and Article 1 of Protocol No. 1 to the Convention had been applied. 14.  The applicant requested leave to appeal, alleging a breach of Article 4 of Protocol No. 7. 15.  On 26 February 2003 the Supreme Administrative Court (korkein hallinto-oikeus, högsta förvaltningsdomstolen) refused leave to appeal.