28 year old woman with SA node dysfunction, referred for evaluation of underlying fibrosis or inflammation. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is moderately dilated with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 56%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 111 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 180 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 49 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 80 ml (normal range 31+/-10), the LV mass index is 43 g/m2 (normal range 67+/-11), and the LV mass is 70 g (normal range 114+/-24). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. There is no evidence of acute inflammation or edema on T1 or T2 imaging.Left AtriumThe left atrium is moderate to severely dilated. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is mildly dilated with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 50%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 114 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 184 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 56 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 92 ml (normal range 35+/-13). Right AtriumThe right atrium is mildly dilated. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is trace aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is mild mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is mild pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium. PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is moderately dilated with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 56%. There is no late gadolinium enhancement on long-axis images of the left ventricle to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. 2. The right ventricle is mildly dilated with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 50%. Short axis late gadolinium enhancement images not uploaded to PACs. Will add addendum when these images are uploaded.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.