 The last well formed disk space is referred to as L5-S1. There is mild straightening of the lumbar curvature, alignment is otherwise maintained. Bone marrow signal is benign. There are degenerative endplate marrow signal changes including type 1 Modic changes/edema at the L5-S1 and anterosuperior L3 endplates. There is disk desiccation at all levels with moderate loss of disk height at L5-S1. The conus shows normal caliber and signal and terminates at L2, within normal limits.T11-12: No disk herniation or spinal stenosis.T12-L1: No disk herniation or spinal stenosis.L1-2: No disk herniation or spinal stenosis.L2-3: Minimal disk bulge with no significant central spinal canal stenosis or neural foraminal stenosis.L3-4: Mild disk bulge and facet arthropathy with no significant central spinal canal or neural foraminal stenosis.L4-5: Mild disk bulge, facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening with no significant central spinal canal or neural foraminal stenosis. There is mild degenerative marrow edema in the left sided articulating facets. L5-S1: Diffuse disk bulge with small posterior central/left paracentral disk protrusion and annular fissure causing no significant central spinal canal or neural foraminal stenosis.
1.Degenerative changes in the lumbar spine, relatively worse at the L5-S1 level. There is no significant spinal canal or neural foramina stenosis at any level.2.Mild multilevel facet arthropathy relatively worse at the left L4-L5 level.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.