A 18 year old female with palpitations and syncope. The workup until now was negative including ecg, echocardiography, stress test, holter, head CT and MRI. Referred now to cardiac MRI for further evaluation Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size and systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 53%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 64 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 90 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 30 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 42 ml (normal range 31+/-10). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size and systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 50%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 70 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 99 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 35 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 49 ml (normal range 35+/-13). Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium. PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size and systolic function, the LVEF is 53%. There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. 2. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.3. The right ventricle is normal in size and systolic function, the RVEF is 50%.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.