19 years old, male with past medical history of bipolar disorder abd polysubstance abuse, transferred here for work up for possible giant cell myocarditis. He is referred for MRI to evaluation LV function and rule out infiltrative process. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size. The overall LV ejection fraction is 56%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 71 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 142 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 31 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 62 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 57 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 113 g (normal range 164+/-36). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left Atrium The left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size. The overall RV ejection fraction is 50%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 81 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 162 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 43 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 86 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation, but the severity of aortic regurgitation can be underestimated by the MRI pulse sequence used in this study.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation, but the severity of mitral regurgitation can be underestimated by the MRI pulse sequence used in this study.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation, but the severity of pulmonic regurgitation can be underestimated by the MRI pulse sequence used in this study.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation, but the severity of tricuspid regurgitation can be underestimated by the MRI pulse sequence used in this study.AortaThe aortic root is normal in size. There is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Normal LV function.2. No late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.