20 year old woman with history of Turner's syndrome, referred for cardiac MRI to evaluate for concomitant congenital heart disease. General: Cardiac situs is normal. Cardiac position is normal. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 61%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 77 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 109 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 30 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 42 ml (normal range 31+/-10). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. No LVH.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 54%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 70 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 99 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 32 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 46 ml (normal range 35+/-13). Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation. The aortic valve is tri-leaflet.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root, arch and descending aorta are normal in size. There is no evidence of aortic coarctation. Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium. There is a persistent left superior vena cava and a dilated coronary sinus.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 61%.2. The right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 54%.3. There is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root, arch and descending aorta are normal in size. There is no evidence of aortic coarctation. 4. The aortic valve is tri-leaflet and opens widely with no significant aortic regurgitation.5. There is a persistent left superior vena cavaI personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.