Male, 55 years old, with low back pain and L4-5 degenerative disc disease. Alignment is anatomic. Vertebral body heights are preserved. Degenerative endplate signal change is seen at L4-5. Otherwise, marrow signal characteristics are within normal limits. The visualized distal spinal cord, conus and nerve roots of the cauda equina are within normal limits. No epidural abnormalities are suspected.L1-2: Unremarkable. L2-3: Facet arthropathy. Ligamentum flavum thickening. Minimal disc bulging. No significant spinal canal stenosis. Mild right foraminal narrowing. L3-4: Facet arthropathy. Ligamentum flavum thickening. Disc bulging. Moderate spinal canal stenosis with some crowding of the cauda equina. Mild bilateral foraminal narrowing. L4-5: Facet arthropathy. Ligamentum flavum thickening. Loss of disc height and disc bulging. Moderate to severe spinal canal stenosis with crowding of the cauda equina. Moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing. L5-S1: Facet arthropathy right worse than left. Ligamentum flavum thickening. No significant spinal canal stenosis. Mild left foraminal narrowing.
Degenerative findings are seen at several levels, most notably at L3-4 and L4-5 where the spinal canal is narrowed.