Female, 72 years old, with low back pain. Evaluate for fracture. Evidence of kyphoplasty is seen at T11, T12 and L1. Mild loss of vertebral body height is seen at L1. Moderate loss of vertebral body height is seen at T12 and T11. The T12 vertebral body is mildly retropulsed causing effacement of the ventral thecal sac.The remaining lumbar vertebra demonstrate relatively preserved height and morphology. Marrow signal characteristics are heterogeneous but benign. Spinal alignment is grossly anatomic.The visualized distal spinal cord, conus and nerve roots of the cauda equina are unremarkable. No epidural abnormalities are suspected.T12-L1: No significant disc degeneration is seen. No spinal canal stenosis is evident at the disc level. Just above, at the level of the T12 vertebral body, there is effacement of ventral thecal sac due to vertebral body retropulsion resulting in a moderate generalized canal stenosis. There is, however, no evidence of cord impingement.L1-2: Facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening. Mild disc bulging. No significant spinal canal stenosis. Moderate to severe bilateral foraminal narrowing. L2-3: Facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening. Disc bulging. Mild spinal canal narrowing without nerve root crowding. Moderate to severe bilateral foraminal narrowing. L3-4: Facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening. Disc bulging. Moderate generalized spinal canal stenosis with slight nerve root crowding. Severe left foraminal narrowing. L4-5: Facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening. Bulging disc asymmetric to the right. Mild spinal canal narrowing. Moderate left and mild right foraminal narrowing. L5-S1: Facet arthropathy. Mild bulging disc. No significant spinal canal stenosis. Moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing.
1.Evidence of kyphoplasty is seen at T11, T12 and L1. The L1 vertebral body shows minimal loss of height. T11 and T12 show more moderate vertebral body height loss. The remaining lumbar vertebrae are not significantly compressed.2.No aggressive or destructive osseous lesions are seen.3.Multilevel degenerative disease is seen. L3-4 is the most severely affected level where there is a moderate spinal canal stenosis. Multilevel foraminal narrowing ranging from mild to severe is also evident as discussed above.