83 year old woman referred for evaluation of LV function and fibrosis. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with low normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 51%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 83 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 140 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 41 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 70 ml (normal range 31+/-10), the LV mass index is 65 g/m2 (normal range 67+/-11), and the LV mass is 110 g (normal range 114+/-24). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is moderately dilated. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 66%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 58 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 99 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 19 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 33 ml (normal range 35+/-13). A pacemaker lead is in the RV.Right AtriumThe right atrium is moderately dilated. A pacemaker lead is in the RA. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is mild mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is mild tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium. Pacemaker leads are noted in the SVC.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsA pacemaker is noted in the left chest. This study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size with low normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 51%. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.2. The right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 66%.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.