39 year old man with history of Alport syndrome, renal failure referred for evaluation of aortic root and aortic valve. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is mildly dilated with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 60%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 113 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 237 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 45 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 94 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 106 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 223 g (normal range 164+/-36). There is mild concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is mildly dilated. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 57%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 99 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 206 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 42 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 89 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is mildly dilated.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and is tri-leaflet. There is mild to moderate (qualitative) central aortic regurgitation (regurgitant fraction 18%).Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is mild mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is mild tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. Aorta dimensions as below:SOV: 46mm x 49mm x 47mmSTJ: 48mm x 48mmAscending Aorta: 42mm x 42mmAortic Arch: 33mm x 33mmDescending Thoracic Aorta: 24mm x 25mmPulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is mildly dilated.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsSmall amount of peritoneal fluid is noted. Significantly decreased liver T2 Star value is suggestive of liver iron overload . This study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is mildly dilated with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 60%. 2. The right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 57%.3. Moderate aortic root dilation (dimensions above).4. Mild to moderate (qualitative) central aortic regurgitation (mild by regurgitant fraction of 18%).