21 year old man referred for evaluation of pulmonic regurgitation and RV volume/function. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 54%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 101 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 181 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 46 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 83 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 68 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 121 g (normal range 164+/-36). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 57%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 100 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 179 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 43 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 76 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is trace pulmonic regurgitation. Regurgitation fraction is 2%.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is trace tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a "psuedo-bovine" brachiocephalic branching pattern (normal variant). The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsResidual thymus tissue. This study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 54%. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.2. The right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 57%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 100 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 179 ml (normal range 142+/-31).3. The pulmonic valve opens widely. There is only mild pulmonic regurgitation based on qualitative visualization of the pulmonic valve, quantitative velocity encoded imaging, and also based on absence of left ventricular and right ventricular stroke volume differences. Additionally RV volumes and ejection fraction are within normal limits.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.