49 year old male with atrial fibrillation and hypertension referred for cardiac MRI prior to consideration of ablation. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size, mildly reduced systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 49%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 87 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 234 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 48 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 129 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 20 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 54 g (normal range 164+/-36). There is global hypokinesis. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. Native pre-contrast myocardial T1 relaxation times (~950 ms) are within normal limits. Left AtriumThe left atrium is moderate-severely dilated. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is mildly dilated with moderately reduced systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 40%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 128 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 346 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 78 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 209 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is severely dilated.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. Trace tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsThere are 2 left-sided pulmonary veins in standard locations. The right inferior pulmonary vein demonstrates early branching; there is a small accessory pulmonary vein just inferior and posterior to the takeoff of the right superior pulmonary vein. No pulmonary vein stenosis.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is mildly dilated (32mm).Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size, mildly reduced systolic function (LVEF 49%). No evidence of late gadolinium enhancement. 2. The right ventricle is mildly dilated with moderately reduced systolic function (RVEF 40%). 3. Biatrial dilation. 4. Mild anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: There are 2 left-sided pulmonary veins in standard locations. The right inferior pulmonary vein demonstrates early branching; there is a small accessory pulmonary vein just inferior and posterior to the takeoff of the right superior pulmonary vein.3. The main pulmonary artery is mildly dilated. I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.