20 year old female with episodes of syncope, etiology unclear. Subsequent ECHO reported with globally reduced EF. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in structure and function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 57%. The LVEDV is 147 ml (normal range 109+/-23), LV end diastolic volume index is 93 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), LVESV is 63 ml (normal range 31+/-10), and LV end systolic volume index is 40 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5). The LV mass is 89 g (normal range 114+/-24) and the LV mass index is 56 g/m2 (normal range 67+/-11). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. . There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal.Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size and structure. The overall RV ejection fraction is 47%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 93 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 146 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 50 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 78 ml (normal range 35+/-13). Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve is trileaflet, opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium. PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsProbable ingested material within the stomach. This study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Normal left ventricular structure with ejection fraction calculated at 57%2. Normal right ventricular structure with ejection fraction calculated at 47%3. No late gadolinium enhancement noted in left ventricular myocardium. I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.