55 year old man with history of atrial arrhythmias who presents for pre-ablation cardiac MRI to evaluate. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 56%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 98 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 210 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 43 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 93 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 58 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 124 g (normal range 164+/-36). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. The native T1 myocardial relaxation time is normal (<1000ms).Left AtriumThe left atrium is mildly dilated, and measures 124mL (indexes to 58mL/m2). Right VentricleThe right ventricle is upper normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 53%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 113 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 242 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 54 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 115 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size measures 138mL (indexes to 64mL/m2).Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is trivial mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is trace pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a pseudo-bovine brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.The left pulmonary veins appear to have a common ostia which measures 35 x 19mm. The right upper pulmonary vein measures 20 x 26mm. The right lower pulmonary vein measures 20 x 13mm. Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is mildly dilated (31mm)Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Normal size left ventricle with normal systolic function (EF 56%). No late gadolinium enhancement is present to suggest underlying fibrotic, infiltrative or inflammatory disease.2. Normal size right ventricle with normal systolic function (EF 53%).3. The left atrium is mildly enlarged with pulmonary vein anatomy and dimensions as reported above. I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.