59 year old male with atrial fibrillation status post cardioversion x 4, LV dysfunction with improved LVEF. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with mildly decreased systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 53%. The LVEDV is 183 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end diastolic volume index is 90 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVESV is 86 ml (normal range 47+/-19) and the LV end systolic volume index is 42 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9). The LV mass is 129 g (normal range 164+/-36) and the LV mass index is 64 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. There is no LV thrombus. Left AtriumThe left atrium is mildly dilated (100ml). All four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium. The pulmonary vein measurements are:LSPV: 18x12mmLIPV: 10x16mmRSPV: 20x17mmRIPV: 16x13mmRight VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 58%. The RVEDV is 221 ml (normal range 142+/-31), RV end diastolic volume index is 108 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVESV is 94 ml (normal range 54+/-17), and the RV end systolic volume index is 46 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9).Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve is trileaflet, opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is mild tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Normal sized LV with mildly reduced systolic function (LVEF 53%)2. Normal sized RV with normal systolic function (RVEF 58%).3. Mild tricuspid insufficiency.4. Mild left atrial dilation with normal pulmonary vein anatomy. I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.