A 20 year old male with personal history of episodes of tachycardia, short PR segment on the ECG, normal stress test, echocardiography showed LVEF of 49%. Referred to cardiac MRI for further evaluation. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with mildly reduced systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 45%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 93 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 175 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 51 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 97 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 58 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 110 g (normal range 164+/-36). There is mild global hypokinesis. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. There is no intracavitary thrombus.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 50%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 94 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 177 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 47 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 88 ml (normal range 54+/-17). There are no focal RV wall motion abnormalities or evidence of fibro-fatty infiltration. There are no findings compatible with ARVC. Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch. There is a "pseudo-bovine" pattern" (normal variant). The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size with mildly reduced systolic function, the LVEF is 45%. 2. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. 3. The right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function, the RVEF is 50%. There are no right ventricular focal wall motion abnormalities or evidence of fibro-fatty infiltration. There are no findings compatible with ARVC. I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.