70 year old with history of prostate cancer, hypertension and known aortic root dilation presenting for evaluation of aortic root prior to surgery. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is mildy dilated with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 56%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 105 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 191 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 46 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 83 ml (normal range 47+/-19), the LV mass index is 64 g/m2 (normal range 85+/-15), and the LV mass is 117 g (normal range 164+/-36). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size and systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 56%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 96 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 174 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 42 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 76 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and is trileaflet. There is mild aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely. There is mild mitral valve prolapse of the posterior leaflet without significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is mild to moderate tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root and ascending aorta are dilated. The measurements are:Sinus of Valsalva: 51x54x51mmST Junction: 41mm x 42mmAscending Aorta: 40x41mmPulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Significant aortic root and mild ascending aorta dilation, as measured above.2. Mild mitral valve prolapse without significant mitral valve regurgitation.3. Mild LV dilation with normal systolic function (LVEF 56%). No evidence of underlying myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, or infiltration.4. Normal RV size and systolic function (RVEF 56%).