biomimetic tendon - reinforced ” composite structures feature improved properties including a very high strength - to - weight ratio . the basic structure includes plurality of parallel , spaced - apart stuffer members , each with an upper end and a lower end , and a plurality of fiber elements , each having one point connected to the upper end of a stuffer member and another point connected to the lower end of a stuffer member such that the elements form criss - crossing joints between the stuffer members . the stuffer members and fiber elements may optionally be embedded in a matrix material such as an epoxy resin . the fiber elements are preferably carbon fibers , though other materials , including natural or synthetic fibers or metal wires may be used . the stuffer members may be rods , tubes , or spheres , and may be constructed of metal , ceramic or plastic . the stuffer members are preferably spaced apart at equal distances . if the members are tubes , the fiber elements may be dressed through the tubes . alternatively , the fiber elements may tied to the ends of the stuffer members and / or to each other at the joints . both linear and planar structures are disclosed .