an antibacterial imidazolium compound , a photocurable coating composition , and an antibacterial coating film includes a compound represented by chemical formula 1 shown below or derivatives thereof . in chemical formula 1 , description of x − , r 1 and , r 2 is the same as in the detailed description of the invention . the antibacterial imidazolium compound has excellent antibiosis over various strains , and is included in a photocurable coating composition so as to provide an antibacterial coating film by a simple method . also , in the antibacterial coating film , the antibacterial imidazolium compound is included as a monomer and chemically bonded to a polymer chain , and thus , antibacterial performance can be maintained for a long period of time .