the development of a series of fluorescent materials including heterocycle - functionalized luminogens with aggregation - induced / enhanced emission , long wavelength emission , and high solid state fluorescence quantum efficiency is contemplated . the described fluorescent materials are promising candidates in selective luminescence - based chemosensor for hg 2 + or atp , fluorescent staining for mitochondria in living cells with high photostability , stimuli - responsive luminescent materials , and materials for optical waveguides . in addition , these heterocycle - functionalized luminogens are particularly useful as fluorescent labels for biopolymers such as peptides , antibodies , or nucleic acids , making them useful as aie - active biocompatible probes for clinical cancer imaging and diagnostics .