page_title: P-15 Termit
section_title: People's Republic of China
hierarchical_section_title: P-15 Termit / Versions / People's Republic of China
caption_attribution_description: 中文: “海鹰”2号岸舰导弹，拍摄于中国人民革命军事博物馆。
context_page_description: The P-15 Termit is an anti-ship missile developed by the Soviet Union's Raduga design bureau in the 1950s. Its GRAU designation was 4K40, its NATO reporting name was Styx or SS-N-2. China acquired the design in 1958 and created at least four versions: the CSS-N-1 Scrubbrush and CSS-N-2 versions were developed for ship-launched operation, while the CSS-C-2 Silkworm and CSS-C-3 Seersucker were used for coastal defence. Other names for this basic type of missile include: HY-1, SY-1, and FL-1 Flying Dragon. North Korean local produced KN-1 or KN-01, derived from both Silkworm variants and Russian & URSS P-15, Rubezh, P-20 P-22.
  Despite its massive size, thousands of P-15s were built and installed on many classes of ships from MTBs to destroyers, as well as coastal batteries and even bombers. The P-15 was quite successful in the conflicts where it was deployed.
context_section_description: The Chinese used this missile as a basis for their Silkworm series, with IR, radar and turbojets or rocket engines depending on the model. It had a fuselage of 75 to 80 centimetres (30 to 31 in) width and a mass of over 2 tonnes. This is comparable to the 600 to 800 kilograms (1,300 to 1,800 lb) and 35 to 40 centimetres (14 to 16 in) of Western missiles. With improved electronics, the warhead reduced to 250 kilograms (550 lb) and the original rocket engine replaced with a turbojet, this weapon was much improved with a range of over 100 kilometres (62 mi). Chinese Silkworm missiles were used in hundreds of ships and shore batteries. The Chinese Navy built more than two hundred modified versions of the 183R (Komar-class), the Hegu-class, (complete with a longer hull and an additional 25mm mount aft) and the Osa-class. Frigates and destroyers were also equipped with the missile. Some were exported and they were used in shore batteries built for North Korea, Iraq and Iran. The Soviet Union developed an equivalent, the P-120 Malakhit.
  SY-1 (C.201) (SY is the abbreviation of pinyin: Shàng Yóu, literal meaning is upper river): The original Chinese copy of P-15 as ship-to-ship missile, called as Project 544, designed and assembled by Nanchang Aerocraft Factory from 1960, first inland test flight in December 1964 and ship-mounted test-fired in August 1965, finished the research tests in June 1966, began definitizing test from Nov 1966, permitted definitize on August 1967. It entered service during 1968 in missile boats and destroyers and later coastal batteries. Dimensions were: 6.55 metres (21.5 ft) (length), 0.76m (diameter), 2.4m (wingspan). It weighed 2,095 kilograms (4,619 lb) of which 513 kilograms (1,131 lb) was the HEAT warhead. Its range was 40 kilometres (25 mi) at mach 0.8, with a flight altitude of 100 to 300 metres (330 to 980 ft), it used inertial and active radar guidance systems. This unit employed conical scanning and was vulnerable to electronic counter measures (ECM), due to its slow onboard computer. The SY-1A entered service after 1984, with a monopulse search radar comparable to the evolution of the AIM-7, F to M model.
  SY-2: An improved version developed from 1976. Used the solid rocket engine and supersonics flight, smaller and lighter than SY-1, extended range to 50 km. The exported version is FL-2.
  HY-2 (C.201) (HY is the abbreviation of pinyin:Hǎi Yīng, literal meaning is Sea Eagle): It was the equivalent of the P-15M, and was known as the C-SS-3 Saccade. Designed for coastal batteries, with a larger airframe, its dimensions were: 7.48m × 0.76m × 2.4m, weight 2,998 kilograms (6,609 lb). extended range from the SY-1's 30 to 50 kilometres (19 to 31 mi). Trials were carried out from 1967 to 1970 with 10 missiles out of 11 hitting the target. It entered service in China and was also exported. There were several versions:
  HY-2: Basic, inertial and conical radar search (improved to SY-1), 1970.
  HY-2A: IR-guidance variant. Developed during the 1970s and in 1980, it did not enter service despite certification in 1982. It was the equivalent of the P-22.
  HY-2A-II: An improved variant of the HY-2A with an improved IR sensor, it entered service in 1988. It was also available for export.
  HY-2B: Fitted with monopulse-search radar to improve accuracy and reliability, it was test-fired, scoring five hits out of six and entered service two years later in 1984. The YB-2B-II had another radar search system, entering service in 1989. These two missiles were capable of flying at an altitude of 20–50m, so the overall capabilities (altitude, range, reliability, Electronic Counter Counter Measures (ECCM) were greatly superior.
  C-201W: Fitted with a turbojet engine instead of a liquid rocket version. It was only used for export, it had a 150 km range. It is arguably also called HY-4 or C-SS-N-7 Sadpack, its dimensions are similar to the HY-1 and HY-2, but its weight is only 2,000 kilograms (4,400 lb), demonstrating the differences between turbojet and rocket propulsion systems. It is capable of flying at 70 metres (230 ft) and 
caption: HY-2 Missile
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