page_title: Raspberry Pi
section_title: Generations
hierarchical_section_title: Raspberry Pi / Generations
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Raspberry Pi 4 Model B von Oben.
context_page_description: The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers developed in the United Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation to put the power of computing and digital making into the hands of people all over the world. If at the beginning the aims of the Raspberry Pi project were leaned towards the promotion of teaching of basic computer science in schools and in developing countries, it rapidly expanded into a wider range of uses, as the original model became far more popular than anticipated, selling outside its target market for uses such as robotics. It is now widely used even in research projects, such as for weather monitoring because of its low cost and portability. It does not include peripherals or cases. However, some accessories have been included in several official and unofficial bundles.
  After the release of the second board type, the Raspberry Pi Foundation set up a new entity, named Raspberry Pi Trading, and installed Eben Upton as CEO, with the responsibility of developing technology. The Foundation was rededicated as an educational charity for promoting the teaching of basic computer science in schools and developing countries.
context_section_description: Several generations of Raspberry Pis have been released. All models feature a Broadcom system on a chip (SoC) with an integrated ARM-compatible central processing unit (CPU) and on-chip graphics processing unit (GPU).
  Processor speed ranges from 700 MHz to 1.4 GHz for the Pi 3 Model B+ or 1.5 GHz for the Pi 4; on-board memory ranges from 256 MiB to 1 GiB random-access memory (RAM), with up to 8 GiB available on the Pi 4.  Secure Digital (SD) cards in MicroSDHC form factor (SDHC on early models) are used to store the operating system and program memory.  The boards have one to five USB ports.  For video output, HDMI and composite video are supported, with a standard 3.5 mm tip-ring-sleeve jack for audio output.  Lower-level output is provided by a number of GPIO pins, which support common protocols like I²C.  The B-models have an 8P8C Ethernet port and the Pi 3, Pi 4 and Pi Zero W have on-board Wi-Fi 802.11n and Bluetooth.  Prices range from US$5 to $75.
  The first generation (Raspberry Pi Model B) was released in February 2012, followed by the simpler and cheaper Model A.  In 2014, the Foundation released a board with an improved design, Raspberry Pi Model B+.  These boards are approximately credit-card sized and represent the standard mainline form-factor. Improved A+ and B+ models were released a year later. A "Compute Module" was released in April 2014 for embedded applications.
  The Raspberry Pi 2, which featured a 900 MHz quad-core ARM Cortex-A7 processor and 1 GiB RAM, was released in February 2015.
  A Raspberry Pi Zero with smaller size and reduced input/output (I/O) and general-purpose input/output (GPIO) capabilities was released in November 2015 for US$5.  On 28 February 2017, the Raspberry Pi Zero W was launched, a version of the Zero with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities, for US$10.  On 12 January 2018, the Raspberry Pi Zero WH was launched, a version of the Zero W with pre-soldered GPIO headers.
  Raspberry Pi 3 Model B was released in February 2016 with a 1.2 GHz 64-bit quad core processor, on-board 802.11n Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and USB boot capabilities.  On Pi Day 2018, the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was launched with a faster 1.4 GHz processor and a three-times faster gigabit Ethernet (throughput limited to ca. 300 Mbit/s by the internal USB 2.0 connection) or 2.4 / 5 GHz dual-band 802.11ac Wi-Fi (100 Mbit/s).  Other features are Power over Ethernet (PoE) (with the add-on PoE HAT), USB boot and network boot (an SD card is no longer required).
  Raspberry Pi 4 Model B was released in June 2019 with a 1.5 GHz 64-bit quad core ARM Cortex-A72 processor, on-board 802.11ac Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5, full gigabit Ethernet (throughput not limited), two USB 2.0 ports, two USB 3.0 ports, and dual-monitor support via a pair of micro HDMI (HDMI Type D) ports for up to 4K resolution.  The Pi 4 is also powered via a USB-C port, enabling additional power to be provided to downstream peripherals, when used with an appropriate PSU.  The initial Raspberry Pi 4 board has a design flaw where third-party e-marked USB cables, such as those used on Apple MacBooks, incorrectly identify it and refuse to provide power.  Tom's Hardware tested 14 different cables and found that 11 of them turned on and powered the Pi without issue. The design flaw was fixed in revision 1.2 of the board, released in late 2019.
  85.6 mm × 56.5 mm (3.37 in × 2.22 in)
  65 mm × 56.5 mm (2.56 in × 2.22 in)
  65 mm × 30 mm (2.6 in × 1.2 in)
caption: The Raspberry Pi 4 B, introduced in 2019
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