page_title: Nepal Mandala
hierarchical_section_title: Nepal Mandala
caption_attribution_description: English: Kirtipur - which means 'glorious town' in Nepali - is a small town about 5 kilometre away from Kathmandu. The town was founded between 1099 and 1126 AD and is an open museum of religion, culture and tradition, as well as various types of ancient handicrafts. Photo: Toni Hagen Stiftung Schweiz-Nepal (Inheritance Toni Hagen), Nepal Deutsch: Kirtipur ist eine kleine Stadt etwa fünf Kilometer südlich von Kathmandu. Der nepalesische Name "Kirtipur" bedeutet "prächtige Stadt". Die Stadt wurde zwischen 1099 und 1126 v. Chr. gegründet, und ist heute ein offenes Museum von Religion, Kultur und Tradition sowie verschiedener Arten von altertümlichem Handwerk. Foto: Toni Hagen Stiftung Schweiz-Nepal (Nachlass Toni Hagen), Nepal Français&#160;: La petite ville de Kirtipur - qui signifie "ville glorieuse" en népalais - est située à quelques 5 kilomètres de Katmandou. Fondée entre 1099 et 1126, la ville est comme un musée à ciel ouvert de la religion, de la culture, des traditions et de l'artisanat ancien. Photo: Toni Hagen Stiftung Schweiz-Nepal (Remise Toni Hagen), Népal
context_page_description: Nepal Mandala is an ancient confederation on the Indian subcontinent, marked by cultural, religious and political boundaries which lies in present-day central Nepal. It consists of the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding areas. The rule of the indigenous Newars in Nepal Mandala ended with its conquest by the Gorkha Kingdom and the rise of the Shah dynasty in 1768.
  According to the Outline History of Nepal, Nepal consisted of three kingdoms during the early medieval period: Khas in the west, Karnatak in the south and Nepal Mandala in the center and Kirat in the east.
  Bhaktapur was the capital of Nepal Mandala until the 15th century when three capitals, including Kathmandu and Lalitpur, were established.
context_section_description: Nepal Mandala (Devanagari: नेपाल मण्डल) is an ancient confederation on the Indian subcontinent, marked by cultural, religious and political boundaries which lies in present-day central Nepal. It consists of the Kathmandu Valley and surrounding areas. The rule of the indigenous Newars in Nepal Mandala ended with its conquest by the Gorkha Kingdom and the rise of the Shah dynasty in 1768.
  According to the Outline History of Nepal, Nepal consisted of three kingdoms during the early medieval period: Khas in the west, Karnatak in the south and Nepal Mandala in the center and Kirat in the east.
  Bhaktapur was the capital of Nepal Mandala until the 15th century when three capitals, including Kathmandu and Lalitpur, were established.
caption: Kathmandu Valley with the Himalaya in the background.
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