page_title: Institution Saint-Michel
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Institution Saint-Michel / History
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: La pesée des âmes par l'archange Michel, détail des grandes verrières du Jugement dernier (XXème siècle) situées dans le transept sud de la Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Coutances - Manche.English: Archangel Michael weighing souls, detail of stained glass windows depicting the Last Judgment, recreated in 1916 by stained glass artists of Tournel in Paris under the direction of the architect Gabriel Malençon (1849–1930) as the original panel is lost since 1876 - Coutances Cathedral - Coutances, Manche, France.
context_page_description: Institution Saint Michel: Collège and Lycée is a Catholic secondary school with boarding facilities located in Solesmes, France. Founded in 1924 by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cambrai constituted in 580, it is now also contractually regulated by the Academy of Lille, a ramification of the French Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research. As of 2018, it welcomes within centuries-old châteauesque edifices around a thousand students from nearly a hundred municipalities within a radius extending twenty kilometers.
context_section_description: The Institution was first established on 13 May 1924 by Archbishop Jean-Arthur Chollet (21 November 1913 – 2 December 1952) as a ramification of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cambrai itself erected in the late 6th century (Latin: Archdiocesis Cameracensis; French: Archidiocèse de Cambrai) and placed under its aegis. It was formerly known as the Little Religious Seminary (French: Petit Séminaire Saint-Michel de Solesmes). In the early Middle Ages, the Diocese of Cambrai (Lotharingia) was first ruled by West Frankish sovereign Charles the Bald in accordance with the implementation of the Treaty of Meerssen (870). Throughout History, it has been governed and regimented by such figures as the German king Henry the Fowler (925) or the Duke Gilbert of Lorraine (939). All immunities that had so far been granted to the Bishops of Cambrai were ratified by King Otto the Great (23 November 912 – 7 May 973). In the early 1000s, this Bishopric was elevated to Imperial State by Emperor Henry II, to protectorate by Maximilian I of Habsburg in the late 15th century, was united to the Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle in 1512 and integrated into the See of Mechlin in 1559 by Philip II of Spain. It was finally declared French under the Roi Soleil under the Treaty of Nijmegen (1678) following the Siege of Cambrai the preceding year. It was affiliated to the Nord through the Napoleonic Concordat of 1801. Among, the plethora of Diocese of Cambrai’ most conspicuous individuals are found Charles the Good (1084–1127); poet and author François de la Mothe-Fénelon (1651–1715); French Academy philosopher Gratry (1805–1872) and composer Guillaume Dufay (1397–1474). The Institution remained called the Little Religious Seminary up until 1965 when the boarding school opened its doors to external boys and subsequently to girls in 1968. The institution's eponymous Patron is Saint Michael known in the Old Testament as chief opponent of Satan and commander of the Army of God who is alone mentioned in the Litany of the Saints which omitted Saint Gabriel and Saint Raphael.
caption: Archangel Michael weighing souls, stained glass (1876/1916) Coutances Cathedral, France
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