page_title: 4-8-4+4-8-4
section_title: Australia
hierarchical_section_title: 4-8-4+4-8-4 / Usage / Australia
caption_attribution_description: English: Garratt locomotive 6012 tops the grade at Cowan
context_page_description: Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, the 4-8-4+4-8-4 is a Garratt articulated locomotive. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 4-8-4 locomotives operating back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between the two engine units. Each engine unit has two pairs of leading wheels in a leading bogie, followed by four coupled pairs of driving wheels and two pairs of trailing wheels in a trailing bogie. Since the 4-8-4 type is sometimes known as a Northern, the corresponding Garratt type would be referred to as a Double Northern.
context_section_description: The second Double Northern locomotive class were the AD60 class Garratts of the Australian 4 ft 8 ¹⁄₂ in (1,435 mm) standard gauge New South Wales Government Railways, of which 47 were delivered in 1952. Of these, 42 were delivered fully assembled while the last five were delivered in pieces as spare parts. The locomotive weighed 260 imperial tons and was the largest locomotive in the Southern Hemisphere. The last of the AD60 class entered service in 1956 and the last one was withdrawn from service in 1973.
  Four of the New South Wales AD60 class have been preserved.
  No. 6029 has been restored and was named City of Canberra until late 2017. It was restored to running condition in 2015.
  Numbers 6039 and 6042 are owned by the Dorrigo Steam Railway and Museum.
  No. 6040 is stored on display at Thirlmere.
caption: NSWGR AD60 Garratt no. 6012 tops the grade at Cowan.
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