page_title: Harold Ware
section_title: Return to America
hierarchical_section_title: Harold Ware / Career / Return to America
caption_attribution_description: Scope and content: The storefront sign reads "Free Soup Coffee &amp; Doughnuts for the Unemployed."
context_page_description: Harold or "Hal" Ware was an American Marxist, regarded as one of the Communist Party's top experts on agriculture. He was employed by a federal New Deal agency in the 1930s. He is alleged to have been a Soviet spy and is understood to have founded the "Ware Group," a covert group of operatives within the United States government aiding Soviet intelligence agents.
context_section_description: In Spring 1931, Ware set out to organizing farmers and farm-workers in America. In the company of Lem Harris, another Communist Party agricultural expert, he made a year-long survey of American agriculture, echoing his research of 1921. The pair travelled by car around the United States, visiting nearly every state in the union, studying the sometimes desperate conditions which resulted from the collapse of agricultural prices associated with the Great Depression.
  Shortly after completion of this task, Ware established a research center in Washington, DC called Farm Research, Inc. and recruited personnel to run it. The institute, funded by the Communist Party, published a newspaper called The Farmers National Weekly continuously throughout the Great Depression.   ("Farm Research" received funding from the Robert Marshall Foundation, which also funded the Communist controlled news agency "Federated Press.")
  In 1932, Ware was active in the Farmers Holiday Association on behalf of the Communist Party.
caption: Unemployed men outside soup kitchen (opened by Al Capone) in Depression-era Chicago (1931)
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