page_title: Grenoble
section_title: From Louis XIV to the French Revolution
hierarchical_section_title: Grenoble / History / From Louis XIV to the French Revolution
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Sous l’Ancien Régime, les plus hautes instances administratives étaient les Parlements qui pouvaient refuser d’approuver une nouvelle loi, obligeant alors le roi à faire procéder à leur enregistrement forcé par lettre de cachet. Dans le contexte de crise économique et sociale des années 1780, ils incarnent pour une partie de l’opinion publique, la résistance au “despotisme” monarchique. Le 10 mai 1788, paraît une série d’édits qui limitent leurs attributions, suscitant une vive agitation. Malgré de dramatiques protestations et des émeutes populaires, les parlementaires s’inclinent dans toutes les villes du royaume. Mais à Grenoble, le 7 juin 1788, en réponse au décret d’exil qui frappe son Parlement, la population se mobilise, empêche le départ des magistrats et, à partir des toits, lance des projectiles sur les troupes royales qui se retirent&#160;: c’est la fameuse journée des Tuiles.
context_page_description: Grenoble is the prefecture and largest city of the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France. It lies at the foot of the French Alps where the river Drac joins the Isère. A significant European scientific centre, the city advertises itself as the "Capital of the Alps", due to its size and its proximity to the mountains.
  Grenoble's history goes back over 2,000 years, to a time when it was a small Gallic village. It became the capital of the Dauphiné in the 11th century. Industrial development increased the prominence of Grenoble through several periods of economic expansion over the last three centuries. This started with a booming glove industry in the 18th and 19th centuries, continued with the development of a strong hydropower industry in the late 19th to early 20th centuries and ended with a post-World War II economic boom symbolized by the holding of the X Olympic Winter Games in 1968.
  The city has grown to be one of Europe's most important research, technology and innovation centres, with one in five inhabitants working directly in these fields.
context_section_description: The revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV caused the departure of 2,000 Protestants from Grenoble, weakening the city's economy. However, it also weakened the competing glove industry of Grasse, leaving the glove factories of Grenoble without any competition. This allowed a stronger economic development for the city during the 18th century. At the beginning of that century, only 12 glovers made 15,000 dozen gloves each year; by 1787, 64 glovers made 160,000 dozen gloves each year.
  The city gained some notoriety on 7 June 1788 when the townspeople assaulted troops of Louis XVI in the "Day of the Tiles". The people attacked the royal troops to prevent an expulsion of the notables of the city, which would have seriously endangered the economic prosperity of Grenoble. Following these events, the Assembly of Vizille took place. Its members organized the meeting of the old Estates General, thus beginning the French Revolution. During the Revolution, Grenoble was represented in Paris by two illustrious notables, Jean Joseph Mounier and Antoine Barnave.
  In 1790, the Dauphiné was divided into three departments, and Grenoble became the chef-lieu of the Isère department. Only two refractory priests were executed at Grenoble during the Reign of Terror. Pope Pius VI, prisoner of France, spent two days at Grenoble in 1799 before going to Valence where he died.
caption: Day of the Tiles, 1890 painting by Alexandre Debelle,
   (Musée de la Révolution française).
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