page_title: Structural clay tile
section_title: End Pressure Arch Construction
hierarchical_section_title: Structural clay tile / Horizontal Application / Tile Floor Arch Types / End Pressure Arch Construction
caption_attribution_description: English: Installing electrical wiring "the old way". This kind of electrical wire installation is still commonly practice in Europe, yet is wasteful (a lot of brick is lost due to the cutting), time-consuming, not very handy when there is a burned trough/damaged wire, ... A better alternative is the use of cable trays (although they are somewhat more expensive).
context_page_description: Structural clay tile describes a category of burned-clay building materials used to construct roofing, walls, and flooring for structural and non-structural purposes, especially in fireproofing applications. Also called building tile, structural terra cotta, hollow tile, and clay block, the material is an extruded clay shape with substantial depth that allows it to be laid in the same manner as other clay or concrete masonry. In North America it was chiefly used during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, reaching peak popularity at the turn of the century and declining around the 1950s. Structural clay tile grew in popularity in the end of the nineteenth-century because it could be constructed faster, was lighter, and required simpler flat falsework than earlier brick vaulting construction. Each unit is generally made of clay or terra-cotta with hollow cavities, or cells, inside it. The material is commonly used in floor arches, fireproofing, partition walls, and furring. It continues to be used in Europe to build fire-resistant walls and partitions. In North America the material has largely been replaced by concrete masonry units.
context_section_description: End pressure arch construction is composed of hollow tiles laid perpendicular to I beams. This method enjoyed popularity after it was discovered to be fifty percent more efficient than side pressure arches.
caption: Electrical wiring being installed in structural clay tile block used for interior partitions in the vertical application, 2008.
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