page_title: Bologna Process
section_title: Signatories
hierarchical_section_title: Bologna Process / Signatories
caption_attribution_description: English: European Higher Education Area
context_page_description: The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications. The process has created the European Higher Education Area under the Lisbon Recognition Convention. It is named after the University of Bologna, where the Bologna declaration was signed by education ministers from 29 European countries in 1999. The process was opened to other countries in the European Cultural Convention of the Council of Europe, and governmental meetings have been held in Prague, Berlin, Bergen, London, Leuven, Budapest-Vienna, Bucharest, Yerevan and Paris.
  Before the signing of the Bologna declaration, the Magna Charta Universitatum was issued at a meeting of university rectors celebrating the 900th anniversary of the University of Bologna in 1988. One year before the declaration, education ministers Claude Allegre, Jürgen Rüttgers, Luigi Berlinguer and Baroness Blackstone signed the Sorbonne declaration in Paris in 1998, committing themselves to "harmonising the architecture of the European Higher Education system". The Bologna Process has 48 participating countries.
context_section_description: Signatories of the Bologna Accord, members of the European Higher Education Area, are:
  1999: Austria, Belgium (Flemish and Walloon Communities separately), Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.
  2001: Croatia, Cyprus, Liechtenstein, Turkey, European Commission
  2003: Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Vatican City
  2005: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine
  May 2007: Montenegro
  2010: Kazakhstan
  May 2015: Belarus
  All member states of the EU are participating in the process, with the European Commission also a signatory. Monaco and San Marino are the only members of the Council of Europe which did not adopt the process.
  The ESU, EUA, EURASHE, EI, ENQA, UNICE, the Council of Europe and UNESCO are part of the process' follow-up. Other groups at this level are ENIC, NARIC and EURODOC.
caption: European Higher Education Area
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