page_title: Cave salamander
section_title: List of cave salamanders
hierarchical_section_title: Cave salamander / List of cave salamanders
caption_attribution_description: English: Texas blind salamander (Eurycea rathbuni)
context_page_description: A cave salamander is a type of salamander that primarily or exclusively inhabits caves, a group that includes several species. Some of these animals have developed special, even extreme, adaptations to their subterranean environments. Some species have only rudimentary eyes. Others lack pigmentation, rendering them a pale yellowish or pinkish color.
  With the highly notable exception of Proteus anguinus, all "cave salamanders" are members of the family Plethodontidae.
context_section_description: The following species have commonly been termed "the cave salamander" without any additional modifier or adjective:
  The olm (Proteus anguinus, or proteus), the first discovered example, a blind salamander endemic to caves of southeastern Europe
  The spotted-tail cave salamander (Eurycea lucifuga), a lungless salamander endemic to caves of the eastern United States
  Eurycea (of North America) and Speleomantes (of Italy and France) are two genera of lungless salamanders with so many individual species termed "cave salamanders" that the entire group is sometimes so designated.
  Individual species of "cave salamander" (in some cases "blind salamander"), usually designated with an additional modifier or adjective in their common name, include the following lungless salamanders:
  Eurycea lucifuga, often simply known as the cave salamander, alternately the spotted-tail salamander
  Eurycea rathbuni, the Texas cave salamander, or Texas blind salamander (formerly, Typhlomolge rathbuni)
  Eurycea tridentifera, the Honey Creek Cave blind salamander, or Comal blind salamander
  Eurycea spelaea, the Ozark blind salamander, or grotto salamander (formerly, Typhlotriton speleus)
  Speleomantes ambrosii, Ambrosi's cave salamander, or French cave salamander, or Spezia cave salamander
  Speleomantes imperialis, imperial cave salamander, or scented cave salamander
  Speleomantes supramontis, the Supramonte cave salamander
  Speleomantes italicus, the Italian cave salamander
  Speleomantes flavus, the Monte Albo cave salamander, or Stefani's salamander
  Speleomantes strinatii, Strinati's cave salamander
  Speleomantes sarrabusensis, Sarrabus' cave salamander
  Gyrinophilus palleucus, the Tennessee cave salamander
  G. p. necturoides, the Big Mouth Cave salamander
  Gyrinophilus gulolineatus, the Berry Cave salamander
  Atylodes genei, the brown cave salamander, or Gene's cave salamander, Sardinian cave salamander, or simply Sardinian salamander
  Chiropterotriton mosaueri, the cave splayfoot salamander
  Haideotriton wallacei, the Georgia blind salamander (Haideotriton is considered synonymous with Eurycea by some experts.)
  Plethodon dixi, the Dixie Caverns salamander
caption: The Texas cave salamander (Eurycea rathbuni).
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