page_title: Vitriol
hierarchical_section_title: Vitriol
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Монокристалл медного купороса, выращенный из насыщенного раствора сульфата меди(II), размер по наибольшей оси около 5 см. English: Monocrystal of blue vitriol grown from a saturated solution of cupric sulfate, longest dimension is about 5 cm.
context_page_description: Vitriol is an obsolete alchemical and chemical name for a class of chemical compound comprising sulfates of certain metals — originally, iron or copper. Those mineral substances were distinguished by their color, such as green vitriol for hydrated iron(II) sulfate and blue vitriol for hydrated copper(II) sulfate.
  These materials were originally found as crystals formed by evaporation of groundwater that percolated through sulfide minerals and collected in pools on the floor of old mines. The word vitriol comes from the Latin word vitriolus, meaning "small glass", as those crystals resembled pieces of colored glass.
  Oil of vitriol was an old name for concentrated sulfuric acid, which was obtained by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan through the dry distillation of vitriols. The name, shortened to vitriol, continued to be used for this viscous liquid long after the minerals came to be called "sulfates". The term vitriolic in the sense of "harshly condemnatory" is derived from the corrosive nature of this substance.
context_section_description: Vitriol is an obsolete alchemical and chemical name for a  class of chemical compound comprising sulfates of certain metals — originally, iron or copper.  Those mineral substances were distinguished by their color, such as green vitriol for hydrated iron(II) sulfate and blue vitriol for hydrated copper(II) sulfate. 
  These materials were originally found as crystals formed by evaporation of groundwater that percolated through sulfide minerals and collected in pools on the floor of old mines. The word vitriol comes from the Latin word vitriolus, meaning "small glass", as those crystals resembled pieces of colored glass. 
  Oil of vitriol was an old name for concentrated sulfuric acid, which was obtained by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan (c. 721–815 CE) through the dry distillation (pyrolysis) of vitriols.  The name, shortened to vitriol, continued to be used for this viscous liquid long after the minerals came to be called "sulfates".  The term vitriolic in the sense of "harshly condemnatory" is derived from the corrosive nature of this substance.
caption: 5mm wide monocrystal of blue vitriol (cupric sulfate)
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