page_title: Banaadir
section_title: Economic
hierarchical_section_title: Banaadir / History / Economic
caption_attribution_description: Afrikaans: Hierdie kaart toon die state, streke en distrikte van Somalië, sowel as die huidige situasie in Somalië. العربية: هذه خريطة تبين الدول والمناطق والمقاطعات في الصومال، وكذلك الوضع الراهن في الصومال. Azərbaycanca: Bu harita dövlətlərin, regionların, Somali və rayonlarında, eləcə də Somali cari vəziyyət göstərir. Беларуская: На карце паказаны дзяржавы, рэгіёнаў і раёнаў Самалі, а таксама бягучай сітуацыі ў Самалі. Български: Тази карта показва държави, региони и области на Сомалия, както и на настоящата ситуация в Сомалия. Català: Aquest mapa mostra els estats, regions i districtes de Somàlia, així com la situació actual a Somàlia. Čeština: Tato mapa ukazuje státy, regiony a okresy Somálska, jakož i aktuální situaci v Somálsku. Cymraeg: Mae'r map hwn yn dangos y dywed, rhanbarthau, ac ardaloedd o Somalia, yn ogystal â'r sefyllfa bresennol yn Somalia. Dansk: Kort over regioner og distrikter i Somalia, samt hvilke af disse områder som kontrolleres af diverse selv-udråbte "stater". Desuden er angivet områder i nabolandene med somalisk bosætning. Deutsch: Diese Karte zeigt die Länder, Regionen und Bezirke von Somalia sowie die aktuelle Situation in Somalia. Ελληνικά: Αυτός ο χάρτης δείχνει τα κράτη, τις περιφέρειες και περιοχές της Σομαλίας, καθώς και την τρέχουσα κατάσταση στη Σομαλία. English: This map shows the states, regions, and districts of Somalia, as well as the current situation in Somalia. Esperanto: Ĉi tiu mapo montras la ŝtatoj, regionoj kaj distriktoj de Somalio, tiel kiel la aktuala situacio en Somalio. Español: Este mapa muestra los estados, regiones y distritos de Somalia, así como la situación actual en Somalia. Eesti: See kaart näitab riikide, piirkondade ja linnaosade Somaalia, samuti praegune olukord Somaalias. Euskara: Mapa honek Somaliako estatu, eskualde eta barrutiak erakusten ditu, hala nola egungo egoera Somalian. فارسی: این نقشه نشان می دهد ایالات، مناطق، و مناطق سومالی، و همچنین وضعیت کنونی در سومالی است.Suomi: Tämä kartta näyttää valtioiden, alueiden ja piirien Somalian, samoin kuin nykyinen tilanne Somaliassa. Français&#160;: Cette carte montre les Etats, les régions et les districts de la Somalie, ainsi que la situation actuelle en Somalie. עברית: מפה זו מציגה את מדינות, אזורים ומחוזות של סומליה, כמו גם את המצב הנוכחי בסומליה. Magyar: Ez a térkép mutatja az államok, régiók és körzetek Szomália, valamint a jelenlegi helyzet Szomáliában. Bahasa Indonesia: Peta ini menunjukkan negara, daerah, dan distrik Somalia, serta situasi saat ini di Somalia. 日本語: このマップは、状態、地域、ソマリアの地区と同様に、ソマリアの現状を示しています。 한국어: 이지도는 국가, 지역 및 소말리아의 지구뿐만 아니라 소말리아에서 현재 상황을 보여줍니다. Nederlands: Deze kaart geeft de staten, regio's en districten van Somalië, evenals de huidige situatie in Somalië. Norsk bokmål: Dette kartet viser stater, regioner og distrikter i Somalia, samt den nåværende situasjonen i Somalia. Polski: Ta mapa pokazuje stany, regiony i okręgi z Somalii, a także aktualną sytuację w Somalii. Português: Este mapa mostra os estados, as regiões e os distritos da Somália, assim como a situação corrente no pais. Română: Această hartă indică statele, regiunile, districtele din Somalia precum și situația curentă din această țară. Русский: На карте показаны государства, регионы и районы Сомали, а также текущая ситуация в Сомали. Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Ova mapa prikazuje država, regiona, okruga i Somaliji, kao i trenutne situacije u Somaliji. / Ова мапа приказује држава, региона, округа и Сомалији, као и тренутне ситуације у Сомалији. Українська: На карті показані держави, регіонів і районів Сомалі, а також поточну ситуацію в Сомалі. Tiếng Việt: Bản đồ này hiển thị các bang, khu vực, và huyện của Somalia, cũng như tình hình hiện nay ở Somalia.
context_page_description: Benaadir is an administrative region in southeastern Somalia. It covers the same area as the city of Mogadishu, Somalia's capital. It is bordered to the northwest by the Shabelle river, and to the southeast by the Somali Sea. Although by far the smallest administrative region in Somalia, it has the largest population, estimated at 1,650,227 in 2014.
  The territorial extent and scope of the term Benadir has varied in definition throughout its history, with medieval usage extending it to huge swaths of coast adjacent to Mogadishu stretching as far as hundreds of miles. The early modern period which extended the meaning of Benadir to the interior midway towards the Hirshabelle region, to the contemporary period wherein sometimes the nonstandard misnomer of usage being interchangeable with the city of Mogadishu is used. This Benadir municipality is bordered to the north by Hirshabelle and to the southwest by South West, and is the only Somali gobol which is both a municipality and a gobol.
context_section_description: In 694 AD the Benadir towns of Mogadishu, Merka, Brava and Kismayo sprang into historical existence with the actual names, thanks to the enterprise of Abdul Malik bin Muriami. He placed one of his own followers as governor in each place and declared himself Sultan. These towns on the Benadir coast of the Indian Ocean share to a great extent the characteristics of Swahili culture further south: trading centres, welcoming Arab, Persian and other immigrants, evolving distinctive amalgams both of people groups and language, with tangible forms of settled government and the presence of Islam. The famous explorer Ibn Battuta gave us the best description of Mogadishu city and its Muslim society on the Horn of Africa in the tenth century.
  From the tenth century settled in the region some communities of Arab and Persian traders and mixed with the local populations. The first settlers were originally from Al-Hasa (Al-Ahsa) and Sadah in Yemen.
  Shamsud-Din Abu Abdalla Muhammed known as Ibn Battuta during his visit to the area on 1331 AD noted that Arabic was the language of commercial and literary people on the Benadir coast and islands. Mogadishu, the center of a thriving weaving industry known as toob benadir (specialized for the markets in Egypt and Syria), together with Merca and Barawa also served as transit stops for Swahili merchants from Mombasa and Malindi and for the gold trade from Kilwa. Jewish merchants from the Hormuz brought their Indian textile and fruit to the Somali coast in exchange for grain and wood, 
  The Portuguese reached Benadir by the end of fourteenth century. Barawa (Brava) was sacked for three days in 1499 and burned. The 1516 Portuguese Duarte defined Mogadishu as a city of black population named Magadoxo that was ruled by a sultan. Several times the Portuguese wanted to occupy the coast of Benadir without much success. The Portuguese left the region after 1698 AD.
  Successively, some Somali kingdoms dominated the regional trade of Benadir, including the Ajuran kingdom, the Adal Sultanate, the Warsangali Sultanate, and the Geledi Sultanate. In the XVII century all the Benadir coast was controlled by the Oman Sultan and when this sultanate was divided in Sultanate of Musqat and Sultanate of Zanzibar after the Napoleon times, the Benadir went under Zanzibar control. Indeed, in 1861, Zanzibar and Oman were divided into two separate principalities: Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid became the Sultan of Zanzibar, while Sayyid Thuwaini bin Said al-Said, became the Sultan of Oman. The Sultan of Zanzibar controlled a large portion of the African Great Lakes Coast, known as Zanj, as well as trading routes extending much further across the continent, as far as Kindu on the Congo River, and reaching the Benadir.
  The Italian penetration in the Benadir coast of Somalia began in 1885 by a commercial company (called "Compagnia del Benadir") that leased the Sultan territory of Obbia. The territory embraced between 4 degrees latitude north and the Juba river, that made border with the British East Africa, also administered by a private company. The main river was the Ueli Xebeli (Wadi Shebeli) and the major cities were Mogadishu, Merka, Brava (Barawa) and Warseij.
  The (Benadir) ports management, initially done by the "Compagnia Filonardi" (1893–96) and later by the "Società Anonima Commerciale Italiana del Benadir" (1899–1905) was finally taken by the Italian government that obtained the control of the entire region through an agreement with the British government and the payment of 144,000 British Sterlings to the Zanzibar sultane (London treaty, January 1905).
  The Benadir colony was renamed on 16 March 1905 and became the Italian Somalia with the district Italian administration directly in Benadir, and with the protected Sultanates of Obbia (Hobyo) and Majertin (Majeerteen). In 1926 the territory of Benadir was between the "Basso Uebi-Scebeli", Mogadishu and the "Alto-Uebu Scebeli" (basically the old Sultanate).
  The Italians -settling in huge numbers- italianised the capital Mogadiscio (that in 1940 was called the "White 
caption: The "Banaadir" (around Mogadishu) in actual Somalia
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