page_title: Yuan Phai
section_title: Geography
hierarchical_section_title: Yuan Phai / Geography
caption_attribution_description: English: Map of Si Satchanalai Historical Park, Si Satchanalai, northern Thailand. Deutsch: Karte des Geschichtsparks Si Satchanalai, Si Satchanalai, Provinz Sukhothai, Nord-Thailand ไทย: อุทยานประวัติศาสตร์ศรีสัชนาลัย Wat Phra Sri Rattana Mahathat / Wat Borommathat Mueang Chaliang - วัดพระศรีรัตนมหาธาตุ / วัดพระบรมธาตุเมืองเชลียง Wat Chom Chuen - วัดชมชื่น Wat Chao Chan - วัดเจ้าจันทร์ Wat ok Singkaram - วัดโดกสิงคาราม Wat Nang Phaya - วัดนางพญา Wat Suan Kaeo Uthayan Yai - วัดสวนแก้วอุทยานใหญ่ Wat Chedi Chet Thaeo - วัดเจดีย์เจ็ดแถว Wat Chang Lom - วัดช้างล้อม Wat Khao Phanom Phloeng - วัดเขาพนมเพลิง Wat Khao Suwan Khiri - วัดเขาสุวรรณคีรี Wat Kuti Rai - วัดกุฎีราย Tao Sangkhalok (Sangkhalok Kiln) - เตาสังคโลก
context_page_description: Yuan Phai, "Defeat of the Yuan," is a historical epic poem in the Thai language about rivalry between Siam and Lanna culminating in a battle that took place in 1474/5 AD at the place now called Si Satchanalai. The Yuan are the people of Lanna or Yonok, then an independent kingdom in the upper reaches of the Chao Phraya River basin with a capital at Chiang Mai. The poem was written to celebrate King Boromma Trailokanat of Ayutthaya, the victor. The poem was probably written soon after the battle. It counts among only a handful of works of Thai literature from the Early Ayutthaya era that have survived, and may be still in its original form, without later revisions. The main body of the poem consists of 1,180 lines in a variant of the khlong meter. The poem is considered important as a source of historical information, as an example of poetic form and style, and as a repository of early Ayutthayan Thai language. A definitive edition was published by the Royal Institute of Thailand in 2001.
context_section_description: In the poem, the town which is the site of the battle is called Chiang Chuen (Thai: เชียงชื่น) except in one place where it is called Cheliang (Thai: เชลียง). The identification of this location was uncertain; some believed it was at Long in Phrae province. In 1968, MC Chand Chirayu Rajani proposed that Chiang Chuen was the site now known as Si Satchanalai, although he had never visited the place. In 1970 Chanthit Krasaesin  showed that the geography sketched in stanzas 169-170 fits exactly with Si Satchanalai. The poem states that the town is screened by three hills, is flanked by rapids in the river and the Meng marsh on one side, and has a triple moat and laterite walls. The three hills, now known as Khao Yao, Khao Suwanakhiri, and Khao Phanom Phloeng, stretch across the north of the city. The rapids in the Yom River, now known as keng luang, the great rapids, are on the northeast side. The Meng marsh was probably to the southeast. The main moat can still be seen, and there are remaining stretches of laterite wall.
  The poem does not mention any buildings at Chiang Chuen.
caption: Map of Si Satchanalai Historical Park
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