page_title: Province House (Nova Scotia)
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Province House (Nova Scotia) / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Site of First Nova Scotia Court House and Legistlative Assembly, Scotia Square, Halifax, Nova Scotia
context_page_description: Province House in Halifax is where the Nova Scotia legislative assembly, known officially as the Nova Scotia House of Assembly, has met every year since 1819, making it the longest serving legislative building in Canada. The building is Canada's oldest house of government. Standing three storeys tall, the structure is considered one of the finest examples of Palladian architecture in North America.
context_section_description: Province House was built on the same location as the previous Governor's House, erected by Edward Cornwallis in 1749.  (Cornwallis' table remains in the bedroom of Province House.)  Province House was opened for the first time on February 11, 1819.  One of the smallest functioning legislatures in North America, Province House originally housed the executive, legislative and judicial functions of the colony, all in one building.
  The Supreme Court of Nova Scotia held its sessions in Province House (in what is today the legislative library).  Most notably, Joseph Howe, a journalist and later Premier of Nova Scotia, was put on trial on a charge of criminal libel on March 2, 1835, at Province House.  Howe had published an anonymous letter accusing Halifax politicians and police of pocketing £30,000 over a thirty-year period, and outraged civic politicians had subsequently seen to it that Howe was charged with seditious libel.  The presiding judge called for Howe's conviction, but Howe's passionate speech in his own defence swayed the jury and the jurors acquitted him in what is considered a landmark case in the struggle for a free press in Canada.
  On January 20, 1842, English author Charles Dickens attended the opening of the Nova Scotia Legislature.  He said that it was like looking at Westminster through the wrong end of a telescope.
  During 1848, Province House was the site for the first form of responsible government in the British Empire outside the United Kingdom.  The building is located in downtown Halifax on a block bordered by Hollis, Granville, George and Prince streets.
  Led by the efforts of Joseph Howe, the Anti-Confederation Party won a resounding majority in the first election held after Nova Scotia joined the Confederation of Canada on July 1, 1867.
  Province House was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1996, in recognition of its status as the longest serving legislative building in Canada, and the role it played in the development of responsible government and freedom of the press in the country.  It is also a Provincially Registered Property under provincial heritage legislation.
caption: Site of First Legislative Assembly Plaque, Royal Nova Scotia Historical Society, Scotia Square, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
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