page_title: List of European Space Agency programs and missions
section_title: Cosmic Vision
hierarchical_section_title: List of European Space Agency programs and missions / Science programmes / Cosmic Vision
caption_attribution_description: English: Artist's concept of the proposed JUICE mission to the Jupiter system. Deutsch: Künstlerische Darstellung von JUICE über Ganymed. Polski: Artystyczna wizja sondy JUICE na orbicie Ganimedesa.
context_page_description: The European Space Agency operates a number of missions, both operational and scientific, including collaborations with other national space administrations such as the Japanese JAXA, the French CNES, the Italian ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, the German DLR, the American NASA, and the Chinese CNSA. Their portfolio of missions also include many public-private partnership missions, a number of which with European satellite operators EUMETSAT, Eutelsat, and Inmarsat.
  A staple of the ESA's Science Doctrine is the Cosmic Vision programme, a series of space science missions chosen by the ESA to launch through competitions, similar to NASA's Discovery and New Frontiers programmes. It succeeds the Horizon 2000 and Horizon 2000+ programmes which launched notable missions such as Huygens, Rosetta and Gaia. Each space science mission are divided into two categories: "Sun and Solar System", missions studying the solar system, and "Astrophysics", missions studying interstellar astronomy.
context_section_description: S-class missions
  S1 – CHEOPS, launched December 2019, operational – Space observatory mission focused on studying known exoplanets.
  S2 – SMILE, launching 2023, future – Joint ESA-CAS Earth observation mission, studying the interaction between the planet's magnetosphere and solar wind.
  M-class missions
  M1 – Solar Orbiter, launched February 2020, in transit – Solar observatory mission, designed to perform in-situ studies of the Sun at a perihelion of 0.28 astronomical units.
  M2 – Euclid, launching June 2022, future – Visible and near-infrared space observatory mission focused on dark matter and dark energy.
  M3 – PLATO, launching 2026, future – Kepler-like space observatory mission, aimed at discovering and observing exoplanets.
  M4 – ARIEL, launching 2028, future – Planck-based space observatory mission studying the atmosphere of known exoplanets.
  M5 – SPICA; THESEUS and EnVision, proposed – are the three contenders for a launch in 2032 as of May 2018. One of these contenders is planned to be selected in 2021.
  L-class missions
  L1 – JUICE, launching June 2022, with an orbital insertion in 2030. future – Jupiter orbiter mission, focused on studying the Galilean moons Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
  L2 – ATHENA, launching 2031, future – X-ray space observatory mission, designed as a successor to the XMM-Newton telescope.
  L3 – LISA, launching 2034, future – the first dedicated gravitational wave space observatory mission.
  F-class missions
  F1 - Comet Interceptor launching in 2028.
caption: Concept art of the Jupiter Ganymede Orbiter component of the Europa Jupiter System Mission – Laplace mission, which would later evolve into the JUICE L-class Cosmic Vision mission.
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