page_title: Populus balsamifera
section_title: References
hierarchical_section_title: Populus balsamifera / References
caption_attribution_description: Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa
context_page_description: Populus balsamifera, commonly called balsam poplar, bam, bamtree, eastern balsam-poplar, hackmatack, tacamahac poplar, tacamahaca, is a tree species in the balsam poplar species group in the poplar genus, Populus. The genus name Populus is from the Latin for poplar, and the specific epithet balsamifera from Latin for "balsam-bearing".
  Populus balsamifera is the northernmost North American hardwood, growing transcontinentally on boreal and montane upland and flood plain sites, and attaining its best development on flood plains. It is a hardy, fast-growing tree which is generally short lived, but some trees as old as 200 years have been found.
  The tree is known for its strong, sweet fragrance, which emanates from its sticky, resinous buds. The smell has been compared to that of the balsam fir tree.
context_section_description: "Populus balsamifera". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
  "Populus balsamifera". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  Peattie, Donald Culross. 1991. A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, p. 100.
  "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-01-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  Earl J.S. Rook (2006-03-04). "Balsam Poplar, Populus balsamifera". Natural History of the Northwoods. Rook.org. Archived from the original on 2012-08-22. Retrieved 2012-08-30.
  Zasada, John C.; Phipps, Howard M. (1990). "Populus balsamifera".  In Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.). Hardwoods. Silvics of North America. Washington, D.C.: United States Forest Service (USFS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2. Retrieved 30 August 2012 – via Southern Research Station (www.srs.fs.fed.us).
  "Populus balsamifera". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA.
  Werthner, William B. (1935). Some American Trees: An Intimate Study of Native Ohio Trees. New York: The Macmillan Company.
  "Native Tree Of The Week - Balsam Popular". DeVos Tree Care. Jan 14, 2019.
caption: Balsam poplar in Reykjavík, Iceland.
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