page_title: Schloss Wolfenbüttel
section_title: 16th and 17th centuries
hierarchical_section_title: Schloss Wolfenbüttel / History / 16th and 17th centuries
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Schloss Wolfenbüttel in Wolfenbüttel, Niedersachsen, Deutschland
context_page_description: The Schloss Wolfenbüttel is a castle in the town of Wolfenbüttel in Lower Saxony in Germany. As an extensive four-wing complex, it originated as a moated castle. It is the second-largest surviving schloss in Lower Saxony and served as the main residence for the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel between 1432 and 1753. It is now used by a secondary school, the Federal Academy of Arts Education and a museum.
  In the immediate vicinity are the Herzog August Bibliothek, the Lessinghaus, the Zeughaus and the Kleine Schloss.
context_section_description: In 1350 it became the Welfs' residence in Brunswick. It was captured and destroyed in 1542 by the Schmalkaldic League and rebuilding only began in 1553 under Duke Henry the Younger, who created a new residence and converted the old tower into a castle chapel. In 1575 courtyards were added with Italianate arcades.
  In 1595 the Protestant composer Michael Praetorius became private secretary to Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg - he lived in the castle and as court organist is also known to have played the castle organ, completed in 1596. Henry Julius also founded Germany's first indoor permanent theatre in the castle, with an English troupe of actors, making the town the birthplace of German theatre. The castle previously had more towers, some of whose foundations still survive. The Hausmannsturm was built in the Renaissance style in 1613 by Paul Francke - it was the castle's tallest tower and still stands today.
  Duke Augustus moved to the castle in 1642 and between 1641 and 1643 also granted Conrad Buno a room there - Buno created several copperplate images of the castle. It was damaged during the Thirty Years' War. Between 1690 and 1697 the castle underwent a major rebuild which converted its great halls into rooms for the dukes to live in. Between 1714 and 1716 the architect Hermann Korb added a new Baroque timber-framed facade to the castle - the stone entrance gate and the sculptures by the Austrian Franz Finck on the bridge and along the moat all also date to this period. The sculptures embody the dukes' virtues and duties.
caption: Inner courtyard
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