page_title: 1820s
section_title: Africa
hierarchical_section_title: 1820s / Politics and wars / Africa
caption_attribution_description: Afrikaans: 'n Pragtige voorbeeld van Anthony Finley se invloedryke kaart van Afrika, wat deur Young en Delleker gegraveer is vir die 1827-uitgawe van Finley se General Atlas. Die titel en skaal is links onder. Hierdie uitsonderlike kaart het die sterk eskalasie in verkenning van Afrika tydens die mid-19de eeu voorafgegaan, en die binneland van Afrika bly hier grotendeels onbekend. Die Ptolemaïese Berge van die Maan word aangedui as 'n bergreeks wat wes na oos oor die sentrale deel van die kontinent strek, met die suggestie dat verskeie takke van die Nyl hier ontspring. Verskeie spekulatiewe lope van die Nigerrivier word aangedui, met een wat by die Nyl aansluit, 'n ander wat suid van die Berge van die Maan die Kongo binnevloei, en nog 'n ander wat korrek getoon word met 'n kromming na 'n monding in die Golf van Bonny / Biafra. Regdeur word etlike etniese groepe aangedui, waaronder die Pomba, Jaga, Timboektoe, Toeareg, Tibboe, Bambara en ander. Ook word 'n land van kannibale in Mosambiek onderskei. English: A beautiful example of Finley's important 1827 map of Africa. This uncommon map predates the explosion of African exploration that occurred in the mid 19th century. Much of the interior remains unknown. The Ptolemaic Mountains of the Moon are drawn stretching across the central part of the continent with the suggestions that they are the source of several branches of the Nile. Several speculative courses are drawn for the Niger River, one of which joins it to the Nile, another of which flows south of the Mountains of the Moon into the Congo, and yet another of which, correctly, bends southwards to empty into the Bight of Biafra. It identifies numerous African tribes throughout, including the Pomba, Jaga, Timbuctoo, Tuareg, Tibboos, Bambara, and others. It also identifies a land of cannibals in Mozambique. Title and scale in lower left quadrant. Engraved by Young and Delleker for the 1827 edition of Anthony Finley's General Atlas.
context_page_description: The 1820s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1820, and ended on December 31, 1829.
  It saw the rise of the First Industrial Revolution. Photography, rail transport, and the textile industry were among those that largely developed and grew prominent over the decade, as technology advanced significantly. European colonialism began gaining ground in Africa and Asia, and trade between the Qing Dynasty began to open up more towards foreign traders, particularly those from Europe. As European imperialism gained momentum, opposition from affected/exploited societies resulted, with wars such as the Java War and the Greek War of Independence. Resistance in the form of separatism and nationalism led to the independence of many countries around the world, such as Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia.
context_section_description: February 6, 1820: 86 free African American colonists sail from New York City to Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  Americo-Liberians begin to settle in the Colony of Liberia with the support of the American Colonization Society
  June 14, 1821 – King Badi VII of Sennar surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.
  1822 – The first group of freed slaves from the United States arrive in modern-day Liberia and found Monrovia (see History of Liberia).
  January 22, 1824 – The Ashanti crush British forces in the Gold Coast, killing the British governor Sir Charles MacCarthy (see also Wars between Britain and Ashanti in Ghana and Ashanti Confederacy).
  August 18, 1826 – Explorer Alexander Gordon Laing becomes the first European to reach Timbuktu.
  April 1827 – Ottoman Algeria: Husain Dei slaps the French consul Decalina on the face, eventually leading to war and French rule in Algeria.
caption: Anthony Finley's 1827 map of Africa
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