page_title: Music education
section_title: Overview
hierarchical_section_title: Music education / Overview
caption_attribution_description: English: Nationaal Archief / Spaarnestad Photo / J. van Eijk, SFA003001896. Onderwijzer en leerling bij een repetitie van het schoolorkest van de Albadeschool in Den Haag, 1957. Music lesson in the primary / elementary school Albadeschool in the Hague, the Netherlands, 1957. Rehearsal for a performance of the school orchestra. Collectie Spaarnestad Voor meer informatie en voor meer foto’s uit de collectie van Spaarnestad Photo, bezoek onze Beeldbank: http://www.spaarnestadphoto.nl/ U kunt ons helpen onze kennis van de fotocollecties te verrijken door tags en commentaren toe te voegen. Herkent u mensen of locaties of heeft u een bijzonder verhaal te vertellen bij één van de foto’s, laat dan een reactie achter (als u ingelogd bent bij Flickr) of stuur een mailtje naar: hhamelink@spaarnestadphoto.nl You can help us gain more knowledge on the content of our collection by simply adding a comment with information. If you do not wish to log in, you can write an e-mail to: hhamelink@spaarnestadphoto.nl
context_page_description: Music education is a field of practice, in which educators are trained for careers as elementary or secondary music teachers, school or music conservatory ensemble directors. As well, music education is a research area in which scholars do original research on ways of teaching and learning music. Music education scholars publish their findings in peer-reviewed journals, and teach undergraduate and graduate education students at university education or music schools, who are training to become music teachers.
  Music education touches on all learning domains, including the psychomotor domain, the cognitive domain, and, in particular and the affective domain, including music appreciation and sensitivity. Many music education curriculums incorporate the usage of mathematical skills as well fluid usage and understanding of a secondary language or culture. The consistency of practicing these skills has been shown to benefit students in a multitude of other academic areas as well as improving performance on standardized tests such as the ACT and SAT.
context_section_description: In primary schools in European countries, children often learn to play instruments such as keyboards or recorders, sing in small choirs, and learn about the elements of music and history of music. In countries such as India, the harmonium is used in schools, but instruments like keyboards and violin are also common. Students are normally taught basics of Indian Raga music. In primary and secondary schools, students may often have the opportunity to perform in some type of musical ensemble, such as a choir, orchestra, or school band: concert band, marching band, or jazz band. In some secondary schools, additional music classes may also be available. In junior high school or its equivalent, music usually continues to be a required part of the curriculum.
  At the university level, students in most arts and humanities programs receive academic credit for music courses such as music history, typically of Western art music, or music appreciation, which focuses on listening and learning about different musical styles. In addition, most North American and European universities offer music ensembles – such as choir, concert band, marching band, or orchestra – that are open to students from various fields of study. Most universities also offer degree programs in music education, certifying students as primary and secondary music educators. Advanced degrees such as the D.M.A. or the Ph.D can lead to university employment. These degrees are awarded upon completion of music theory, music history, technique classes, private instruction with a specific instrument, ensemble participation, and in depth observations of experienced educators. Music education departments in North American and European universities also support interdisciplinary research in such areas as music psychology, music education historiography, educational ethnomusicology, sociomusicology, and philosophy of education.
  The study of western art music is increasingly common in music education outside of North America and Europe, including Asian nations such as South Korea, Japan, and China. At the same time, Western universities and colleges are widening their curriculum to include music of outside the Western art music canon, including music of West Africa, of Indonesia (e.g. Gamelan music), Mexico (e.g., mariachi music), Zimbabwe (marimba music), as well as popular music.
  Music education also takes place in individualized, lifelong learning, and in community contexts. Both amateur and professional musicians typically take music lessons, short private sessions with an individual teacher.
caption: An elementary music teacher instructing a child in 1957 in the Netherlands.
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "Met een trommel en een wasbord wordt de maat aangegeven bij repetities van het schoolorkest van de Albadeschool in Den Haag, 1957.", "Image Artist": "J. van Eijk", "Image Copyright": "Collectie SPAARNESTAD PHOTO/J. van Eijk", "Image DateTime": "2009:09:13 18:32:25", "Image Software": "Memorix - pictura-dp.nl"}