gothic
1 - A type of architecture used through the Middle Ages - changed slightly after the black death, but carried on through to the Victorian times etc. 

2 - A style of music, derived from punk. Bauhaus, London After Midnight, The Mission etc.

3 - A style of literature and art.

4 - A way of dressing; different types include Lolita, Cyber, Romantic etc. A fair amount of black, mixed with other colours (purple, red, white, and in the Cyber case, neon colours). Gothic also extends in other ways such as home decor.
1 - Just check out Oxford for loads of Gothic style buildings!