Montessori method
Child-centered educational approach	Lecture method
Socratic method	Teaching by questioning	Didactic method
Transhumanism	human beings should be permitted to use technology to modify and enhance their cognition and bodily function	Humanism
atomism	focus on individual units rather than the whole	particle physics
Theories of Meaning	How words reference things	Meaning of Life
Educational equity	Fairness in education	Educational equality
mass noun	a word that refers to an undivided quantity	commonly used noun
Liberal education	Broad-based education	Vocational education
Testimonial knowledge and justification	When one gets knowledge or justification through another person's 	Knowledge through witness in a trial court
Rationalist	One who believes that there's a type of knowledge independent of sensory experience	One who takes rational decisions in a daily basis
second-order desire	wanting to have a want	recursive desire
capabilities approach	ethical theory that people should be enabled to realize a particular list of goods	analysis of positive freedom
theological voluntarism	what God wills is relevant to determining the moral status of some set of entities	is god free?
weakness of will	to have acted, freely and intentionally, contrary to your better judgment	problem of evil
veil of ignorance	deprives the parties of all knowledge of particular facts about themselves, about one another, and even about their society and its history	argument from ignorance
difference principle	Social and economic inequalities must be to the greatest advantage of the least advantaged members of society 	method of difference
uncertainty principle	the more precisely the position (momentum) of a particle is given, the less precisely can one say what its momentum (position) is	inductive reasoning
underdetermination of scientific theory by evidence	evidence available to us at a given time may be insufficient to determine what beliefs we should hold in response to it	bias
Illocutionary act	implied meaning of speech	perlocutionary act
empirically equivalent theories	 alternative theories making the same empirical predictions, and which  cannot be better or worse supported by any possible body of evidence	fairness
types and tokens	a general sort of thing and its particular concrete instances	economics
X implies Y	If X is true, then Y is true	X suggests Y
Implication	Entailment	Consequence
Cartesian Demon	Evil Genius	Cartesian Devil's Bargain
Being and Nothingness	Sartre's Phenomenological Essay on Ontology	Being and Time
Trinity College Department of Philosophy	University of Dublin Philosophy Department	Trinity College Cambridge Department
aesthetics	esthetic	pretty
State	 political organization with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly on the legitimate use of force within a certain geographical territory	country
sovereignity	supreme authority within a territory	king
democracy	 system of government where the citizens exercise power by voting, often characterized by free and fair election	government
republic	 form of government in which the country is considered a public matter" (res publica) 
state