`  I think you should read my statements more carefully. There you will find answers to your questions. There basically exist no ``new`` and ``old`` lineages. The Europid race diverged ca. 45 000 years ago in the Near East and between 38-30 000 years ago expanded to the whole Eurasia and later (in a partly mixed form) as far as to America. The Mongolid race originated from one branch of the ``Coastal Clan I``, i.e. factually from one branch of the ``australoid race``. So far I haven't studied, when it happened, but it must have been quite shortly after they reached South-East Asia, i.e. some 60-50 000 years ago. When they came into contact with old europids (O+N+Q Y-lineages) about 35 000 years ago, they must have been already well adapted to the Siberian climate. The degree of adaptation to the cold climate in mongolids is higher, because they have been exposed to it maybe 20 000 years longer than Europeans, and, of course, the Siberian climate may have been even generally harsher than in Europe.  `