Crematory oven
United States Patent [1 1 1111 3, Falling 1 Apr. 1, 1975 [5 CREMATORY OVEN 3,136,273 6/1964 BleSCh et a1. 110/3 Inventor: j g, j Sweden 3,538,864 11/1970 Segrest 110/3 [73] Assignee: Tabo Industriugnar AB, Stockholm, FGREIGN PATENTS R APPLICATIONS Sweden 1,214,457 12/1970 United Kingdom 110/3 [22] Filed: July 1973 Primary ExaminerKenneth W. Spraguc 21 App] 37 023 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Pierce, Scheffler &amp; Parker 52 us. c1. 110/3, 27/1 [57] ABSTRACT [51] Int. Cl. F23g 1/00 A Crematory n which ns sts f ri k rk uilt [58] Field of Search 110/3, 3 R, 8 C; 27/1, up within and held together by a steel structure which 27/21 includes end walls provided with doors and a steel floor. The oven is gas or oil fired and combustion sup- [56] References Cited porting air is introduced through various ducts to en- UNITED STATES PATENTS sure complete incineration of the coffin and body.  
 1,555,938 10/1925 Brett 1. 110/3 4 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure PATENTEB APR- 9 5 mm Q CREMATORY OVEN This invention relates to a crematory oven with air supply from the top and the sides to an incineration space formed of brickwork.  
  Crematory ovens of this kind are known since long and have been formed or built up substantially by erecting brickwork and providing air supply passageways for bringing about suitable incineration conditions within the oven. The present invention has as its object to provide a construction of a crematory oven, which comprises structural parts for the crematory oven frame which are easy to transport and assemble and simply to mount on the place of erection, so that thereafter only the brickwork is to be carried out for completing the oven.  
  In order to achieve this object, the crematory oven has been given the characterizing features defined in the attached claims.  
  An embodiment of the invention is described in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawing FIGURE, which illustrates a crematory oven in a perspective view and partially in section.  
  The oven comprises in principle brickwork and a steel structure for holding together the brickwork. The steel structure includes a drum system in the form of a drum passageway 1 formed of sheet metal and located along one longitudinal side of the oven at the upper edge thereof, and a drum passageway 2 formed along the other longitudinal side of the oven, and a connecting drum passageway 3 extending along one end wall of the oven. The drum passageways include two separated sections 4 and 5 arranged above each other, and air is supplied to the drum passageways through a pipe 6 from a fan (not shown). At the inlet from the pipe 6, dampers 7 and 8 are provided for control of the air supply. From the drum passageways 1 and 2 extending along the oven sides, there extend air ducts inwards to the incineration space of the oven. Said ducts are designated by l 1, l2 and i3, and their mode of function becomes evident from the following.  
  The steel structure further comprises end walls formed of sectional irons and sheet metal, which are provided with the necessary doors such as a charging door 14 at one end wall and an operation door at the other end wall. There are, further, provided, for example, sectional irons l5 and 16, which extend about the brickwork at a height lower than the drum passageways.  
  Within the oven, a plate 17 is provided in a usual manner which forms the bottom ofthe oven. The incineration gases are indicated by arrows l8 and&#39;collectcd below the plate 17. The gases leave the oven through the flue gas duct 19 and via the flue gas damper 20.  
  The oven further includes a burner nozzle 21 and an inspection orifice 22. Into the burner nozzle is inserted a suitable burner lance which, for example, is associated with an oil burner or a gas burner. Directly in front of the end wall, which is provided with the charging door 14 adapted to be moved up and down along guide means 23 by means of, for example, a winch 24, the operation door 25 is arranged which is comprised in an end wall 26 consisting of sheet metal and comprising several boxes, ofwhich the central box includes the operation door 25 and an ashpan 27. Above the ashpan 27 a grate means 28 is provided. At the left-hand portion of the end wall an additional box is located which includes an apparatus 29 for preparing ashes, in which apparatus foreign objects such as nails and various fittings are removed from the ashes. Below the apparatus for preparing the ashes may be placed, for example, an urn 30 for collecting the ashes. The end wall 26 with the different boxes of compartments for the accessories now mentioned constitutes a part of the steel structure and is premanufactured so that on the place for the oven only the mounting work for erecting the oven is to be carried out.  
  The sides of the brickwork consist of a wall with two types of passageways, viz. waste gas passageways 31 and secondary air passageways 32. The waste gas passageways 31 include openings 33 to the incineration space within the oven. The waste gas passageways further communicate with the flue gas passageway 19 via 7 the space below the oven plate 17.  
  The oven operates as follows. The air passageways l, 2, 3 are, as mentioned, divided into sections 4 and 5, and the air supply is controlled by the dampers 7 and 8. From each section 4 and 5 extend the air ducts ll, 12 and 13 and open into nozzle apertures within the oven and can be so connected that air supply can take place according to demand in a way required by the incineration process.  
  The incineration process proceeds according to the following pattern. During the first 20 minutes, the coffin introduced through the charging door 14 and the external parts of the body are incinerated. This incineration process requires the supply of air; which is to be supplied through the air ducts 11 and 12. These ducts, thus, are placed above the flue gas outlets 33 and bring about an efficient mixing of the gases, which together with additional admixture of secondary air from the passageways 33 effect a complete incineration and a substantially invisible smoke. During the following 20 minutes, the greater part of the musculature and the combustible parts of the skeleton and charcoal are incinerated. The air is now to be supplied through the ducts 11 and 13. The ducts 12 are held closed, because the air jets therefrom meet only to a small extent combustible material and would give rise to a cooling effect. v  
  During the following 20 to 30 minutes. the remainder consisting of organs and skeleton parts more difficult to incinerate is incinerated and dried. In this final phase the air is to be supplied only through the ducts 13. By this system of air supply, the process can be carried out in a programmed manner and, of course, also be manual control. The control is effected by the dampers 7 and 8.  
 What I claim is:  
  l. A crematory oven consisting essentially of a brickwork retort structure held together and surrounded by a ferrous metal structure said ferrous metal structure comprising generally vertical first and second end walls formed of ferrous metal sections, said first end wall having a charging door and said second end wall having an operation door;  
 a drum system; and  
 said brickwork retort structure, extending between said first and second end walls, comprising longitudinal side walls and a roof member, said brickwork structure together with said first and second end walls and a bottom plate providing an incineration space to which space said charging and operation doors give access; and  
 ill  
 into said oven.  
  3. A Crematory oven as defined in claim 2, in which the branch ducts from one of said passageways extend to the oven bottom, and in which the branch ducts from the other of the passageways extend toward the top of said incineration space.  
  4. A crematory oven as defined in claim 3, in which at least one of said side walls is a double wall having flue gas outlets therein, and in which those branch ducts which extend toward the top of said incineration space are located above said flue gas outlets.