Article handling apparatus
United States Patent Walker et al.  
 [451 Apr. 29, 1975 ARTICLE HANDLING APPARATUS [75] Inventors: Edward S. Walker; George A. Douglas, both of Danville, Ky.  
 [73] Assignee: Corning Glass Works, Corning,  
 [22] Filed: May 6, 1974 [2i] Appl. No.: 467,281  
 [52] US. Cl 53/59 R; 53/236; 53/245; 53/248; 53/25l [51] Int. Cl B65b 57/20; B65b [9/34 [58] Field of Search 53/59 R, 236, 245, 248, 53/25l, 163  
 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,767.536 lO/l956 Forkel 53/245 X 2,997,828 8/l96l Ahlbor 52/59 R Primary Examiner-Travis S. McGehee Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Charles W. Gregg; Clarence R. Patty, Jr.  
 [5 7] ABSTRACT Apparatus for automatically handling and loading similar pluralities or quantities of similar longitudinal cylindrical articles such as, for example, similar size rods or tubes, into each of a plurality of containers, cartons or boxes for storage or shipment of the articles, the apparatus being especially useful in handling and loading of relatively frangible articles without breakage thereof.  
 16 Claims, 25 Drawing Figures PATENIEDA Z W 3,879.919 sum 0? ur 12 I T0 SOURCE OF l r&#39; PRESSURIZED i v. FLUID l I a w saw PMENTEB P Z S 3 879,919  
 sum user 12 PATENTED Z 9 1,819.91 9  
 sum USUF 12 FPC3 3 4 5 u OFF 9 FRUD UNITS 3 4 5 SRUD 6 2 T I 7 5L2 OFF 9 SPC SRUS SPC PATENTEUAFRZSIQIS SHEET 10UF 12 FPCJ PATENTEUAPRZQIQTS SHEET 1]. [IF 12 PATENTEDA RZ H 3.879.919 snm RM 12 ARTICLE HANDLING APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In high speed manufacture of large quantities of articles which are also sold, or stored or shipped, in relatively large quantities, it is usually desirable to pack or load substantially equal quantities of the articles into containers, such as paperboard cartons or boxes for example, at relatively high rates of speed commensurate with the speed of manufacture of the articles. When said articles have a high resistance to breakage and/or marring, scoring or scratching thereof, or when the articles are of a type such that marring, scoring or scratching thereof is immaterial, the desired quantities of articles can, for example, be loaded into their respective containers in a relatively rough manner such as by dumping of the articles directly into the containers from a chute or other convenient guide or feed means. When, however, said articles are made ofa relatively frangible or relatively easily marred, scored or scratched material, such as glass for example, it is of course desirable or necessary that the articles be relatively carefully loaded into their respective containers, that is, loaded in such manner that breakage or an intolerable amount of marring, scoring or scratching of the articles does not occur. It is, therefore, one object of the present invention to provide an apparatus which will automatically and rapidly load relatively large quantities of cylindrical glass articles into each ofa plurality of containers therefor with a minimum of breakage or intolerable marring, scratching or otherwise damaging of the articles as they are being loaded.  
  It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus which will rapidly and automatically load a substantially equal quantity or number of similar longitudinal cylindrical articles into each of a plurality or succession of containers or boxes provided for receiving and packaging of the articles.  
  It is pointed out that although the apparatus of the invention is optimumly suitable for handling or loading of cylindrical articles made of a material of the type mentioned, that is, articles such as rods or tubes made of glass for example, the apparatus can also be conveniently used for handling or loading of cylindrical articles made of other types of materials, as is believed readily apparent.  
  Other objects and characteristic features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.  
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accomplishing the above objects of the invention, there is provided an apparatus which intermittently moves each of a succession of similar open top containers, boxes or cartons through a path of movement including three paths of travel or transport comprising a first or box entrance or delivery path, a third box exit or push-out path, and a second box loading path intermediate said entrance and exit paths and including a loading station at which the open top of each box moved thereto is provided with a length of tape extending over the open top of the respective box. The apparatus also includes, adjacent the exit entl of a first path of travel through which articles to be loaded into each said box are successively conveyed toward the apparatus, an article guide means which receives said articles and guides them through a second path of travel therefor, such path being coextensive with said first path and having an exit or article ejection end located above said loading station and above said length of tape extending over the open top of each respective container or box moved to the loading station.  
  Counting means count said articles as they are moved towards the exit end of their said first path of travel, and an additional extremely short length of tape is fed to a box at the loading station each time the counting means count a selected number of articles. Such operation is repeated a selected number of times and the articles are thus slowly lowered by the tape into a box positioned at the loading station, and towards and to the bottom thereof until a final count of articles, predetermined to be the number required to fill the box, has been counted by the counting means. The total length of tape provided for filling each of the boxes with the articles is the same for each box, such total length being determined in accordance with the sum of the distances down an interior end of a box, across the interior bottom thereof from end to end, and up the opposite interior end of the box, that is to say, the sum of twice the interior height of a box plus the interior length of the box. At the end of said final count of articles for a box, the counting means actuates controls to cause the box to be moved from the loading station and a following box moved into such station.  
  It is pointed out that the apparatus, during a single run or period of operation thereof, handles and loads articles of a single diameter but may, during other runs or periods of operation, handle and load articles of other diameters. That is to say, during one run the apparatus may handle and load a myriad of successions of articles of a first diameter while, during another run, a myriad of successions of articles of another diameter may be handled and loaded by the apparatus. This will, of course, change from run to run the total count of articles loaded into each box during each respective run, that is, the quantity of articles loaded in each box for filling thereof during different runs. Nevertheless, the aforesaid predetermined total length of tape is still provided or dispensed for each box or container and the previously mentioned additional extremely short lengths of tape provided are still of the same length. However, such short lengths of tape are dispensed at different counts of articles of each run, such counts depending on the diameters of the articles being handled and loaded by the apparatus. Such operation will be more readily understood from a more detailed discussion and operational examples of the apparatus as set forth hereinafter.  
 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the Drawings:  
  FIGS. 1 and la are front elevational views which when arranged from left to right in that order, as shown in FIG. 21, illustrate an apparatus embodying the invention;  
  FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a major part of the apparatus of FIG. 1, such view being taken generally along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;  
  FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of a part of the apparatus embodying the invention, such view being taken generally along line 33 of FIG. 2, and being on a slightly larger scale than the views of FIGS. 1 and 2;  
  FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the apparatus of FIG. Ia, such view being taken generally along line 44 of FIG. Ia;  
  FIG. 4a is an enlarged cross-sectional and detail view of part of the apparatus of FIG. 4, such view being taken generally along line 4a4a of FIG. 4;  
  FIGS. 5 and 6 are enlarged detail views, partially in cross-section, of part of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, such views being taken generally along lines S5 and 6-6 of FIGS. I and 2, respectively;  
  FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross sectional and detail view of part of the apparatus of FIG. I, such view being taken generally along line 77 of FIG. 1;  
  FIG. 8 is an enlarged elevational and detail view of a part of the apparatus embodying the invention, such view being taken generally along line 88 of FIG. 2;  
  FIG. 9 is an enlarged elevational detail view of another part of the apparatus of the invention;  
  FIG. I0 is a bottom plan view of the part of FIG. 9, such view being taken generally along line 10-10 of FIG. 9&#39;.  
  FIG. 11 is an enlarged elevational and detail of a part of an article conveyor used in conjunction with the apparatus of the present invention, such view showing a plurality of articles being transported by the conveyor;  
  FIG. 12 is a top plan view of the part of the article conveyor and the articles shown in FIG. II, such view being taken generally along line l212 of FIG. ll;  
  FIGS. I3 through 18, taken in conjunction with FIGS. I and 1a, and arranged as shown in FIG. 21 along with the latter two figures, schematically illustrate a control system and components thereof for controlling or actuating the other parts of the apparatus of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 through 4; and  
  FIGS. I9 and illustrate. respectively, first and second types of boxes, cartons or containers which can be conveniently employed in practicing the invention disclosed.  
  Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in each of the figures of the drawings.  
 PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Referring to the drawings in detial and initially to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings taken in conjunction with several of the other figures of the drawings, there is illustrated an apparatus 10 including a main support frame I I comprising a plurality of horizontal longitudinal and cross members or beams such as 12 and legs such as 13 whose lower ends rest on a floor or the upper surface of a suitable support platform or base such as 14, such members and legs being preferably welded to each other to form the support frame 11 shown.  
  As previously mentioned, apparatus 10 provides a path of movement for boxes or cartons, such path comprising three, or first, second and third paths of travel or transport for cartons or boxes which are to be filled with articles handled and loaded into such boxes by the apparatus. The first of such paths comprises a box entrance or delivery path to an entry end of which empty cartons or boxes are manually delivered or supplied in the direction of the arrow in the upper right hand area of FIG. 2. The third of said paths (upper left hand area of FIG. 2) comprises a box exit or push-out path through and from which loaded cartons or boxes are pushed and manually removed from the apparatus, the direction of movement of the boxes being indicated by the arrows in the left hand area of FIG. 2. The second of said paths of travel or transport is a box loading path which is intermediate said entrance and exit paths and extends between the exit and entrance ends of such paths, the cartons or boxes being intermittently moved through such second path in the direction indicated by the arrow at approximately the center of FIG. 2. Such second or intermediate path includes, in succession, an initial or preloading station, an article loading station, a box or carton push-out station and first and second intermediate stations located between said loading station and said push-out station, all of said paths of travel or transport being individually discussed in the descriptions which follow.  
  Referring further to FIGS. 1 and 2, the above mentioned first or entrance or box delivery path includes a relatively long slide pan or chute 20 having a fiat bottom of a width slightly greater than the length of the boxes to be moved or transported through the box delivery path, the bottoms of the boxes resting on a smooth upper surface of said bottom and being intermittently moved therealong as discussed below. Pan 20 also includes upwardly extending sides for guiding the boxes as they are slid along said upper surface of the bottom of the pan.  
  There is provided along the right hand side (viewing FIGS. I and 2) of the box entrance path of travel or transport and above the right hand side of pan 20, an upper link chain 21 which extends in an endless loop paralleling almost the full length of said path as best illustrated in FIG. 2. Such chain extends about a drive sprocket 22 located adjacent the exit end of said path and an idler sprocket 23 (FIG. 2) located adjacent the entrance end of said path. A lower link chain 25 (FIG. I) is also provided and extends in an endless loop directly below chain 21. Chain 25 extends about an idler sprocket and a drive sprocket 24 (FIG. I) such idler sprocket and drive sprocket being located directly below the corresponding sprockets 22 and 23, associated with chain 21. Chain 25 and its associated sprockets do not appear in FIG. 2 of the drawings since such parts, as mentioned, are located directly below chain 21 and its associated sprockets, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.  
  There is also provided along the left hand side (viewing FIGS. I and 2) of the box entrance path of travel or transport and above the left hand side of pan 20 a pair of upper and lower looped link chains and associated sprockets 27, 28 and 29 which correspond and are arranged similarly to sprockets 22, 23 and 24, respectively, discussed above except that the latter upper and lower chains parallel the left hand side (viewing FIG. 2) of the box entrance path of travel as is believed readily apparent. Sprockets 27 and 29 are drive sprockets for the upper and lower link chains on the left hand side of the box entrance path of travel.  
  Drive sprockets 22 and 24 are keyed to a drive shaft 31 adjacent the upper end of such shaft (FIG. I) and for driven rotation thereby. Similarly drive sprockets 27 and 29 are keyed to a drive shaft 32 adjacent the upper end of such shaft and for driven rotation by that shaft. Towards the lower ends of drive shafts 31 and 32, each such shaft is rotatably supported in a pair of suitable bearings which are secured to upper and lower support plates 33 and 34 which are fastened to members of frame I] as illustrated in FIG. I. Shaft drive sprockets 35 and 36 are keyed to shafts 31 and 32 between their respective upper and lower support bearings secured to support plates 33 and 34 as mentioned above. An idler sprocket 37 and associated shaft 38 are rotatably mounted in suitable bearings also secured to support plates 33 and 34, and an electric motor EBCM is also securely mounted on the upper surface of support plate 34. The output shaft 39 of motor EBCM has keyed thereto, for driven rotation therewith, a drive sprocket 40 (FIG. 2) and a link chain 41 is looped about sprockets 35, 36, 37 and 40 in a path illustrated by the broken dotted line indicating chain 41 in FIG. 2. The energization of the winding of motor EBCM as hereinafter discussed in more detail, rotates said sprockets and drives chain 41 in the direction indicated by the arrows alongside the borken line path thereof in FIG. 2. This cause counterclockwise rotation of sprockets 22 and 24 to in turn move chains 21 and 25 through their respective looped paths in counterclockwise directions while clockwise rotation is imparted to sprockets 27 and 29 to move their respectively associated chains through their respective looped paths in clockwise directions. This will also be further discussed hereinafter.  
  There is carried by upper chain 26 and its associated lower chain therebelow a plurality of similar box movers. transporters or pushers such as 50 which are evenly spaced apart along the length of said chains. Details of one of such box transporters 50 is shown in FIGS. 9 and of the drawings and such transporter includes a large main portion 50a which is made of a piece of wear resistant flexible fibrous material such as web belting for example. However, the transporters or pushers such as 50 could also be made out of a suitably wear resistant material such as rubber or a flexible plastic if found expedient to do so. Portion 50a of transporter 50 is held. adjacent and along one longitudinal edge thereof. between a rigid angular strip 50b extending the length of portion 50a and a relatively rigid backup strip 500 provided adjacent and along said one edge on the opposite side of portion 50a Portion 50a is clamped in a usual and well known manner between the two strips by means of suitable screws or rivets such as 50d extending through the strips or clamping members and portion 50a adjacent said one edge thereof, as will be readily apparent from a brief glance at FIGS. 9 and 10 of the drawings.  
  Referring now to FIG. 6, taken in conjunction with FIGS. 2, 9 and 10 of the drawings, each of said plurality of transporters or pushers such as 50 are attached near their upper ends to upper chain 26 by suitable lower lugs such as 51 which are bolted to their respectively associated transporters and which are fastened to and carried by chain 26 at selected equal intervals along the length of such chain. Each transporter such as 50 is also attached adjacent its lower end to a lug such as 51 which is carried by the lower chain associated with and provided below upper chain 26 as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.  
  Upper chain 26 also has attached thereto upper lugs such a 52 which are also securely fastened to such chain. such upper lugs each having bolted thereto a track or channel or groove follower such as 53 which is preferably of a material such as TEFLON for example, As illustrated in FIG. 6, the outer peripheries of each follower such as 53 roll, ride or slide in a suitable groove or channel 54a provided in a track or rail member such as 54 (see also FIG. 21) which is suitably supported along one side of the looped path of movement of chain 26, such track or rail member being so supported by a plurality of spaced apart uprights such as 55 shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, such plurality of uprights being spaced along the length of rail or track member 54 at suitable selected intervals as will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. A similar support and guide arrangement is provided for the lower chain associated with chain 26 and includes a rail or track member similar to track member 54 associated with chain 26. Such guide arrangement is also attached to the uprights such as 55 shown in FIGS. 2 and 6. However, such lower guide arrangement is not shown in the drawings for purposes of simplification thereof and since such arrangement would be readily obvious from the arrangement ilustrated in FIG. 6.  
  It is also here briefly pointed out that a second similar arrangement of box pushers or transporters is provided for chains 21 and 25 located on the right hand side (viewing FIGS. 1 and 2) of the box entrance path of travel or transport, such arrangement including box pushers or transporters such as (FIG. 2) which are of the same construction as the transporters 50 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a transporter such as 50 being merely inverted to provide a transporter such as 60. Said second similar arrangement of box transporters also includes upper and lower track or rail members such as 64 which are supported by a plurality of uprights such as 65 (FIGS. 1 and 2) such track members and uprights corresponding to the above discussed track members and uprights such as 54 and 55, respectively, as will be readily apparent. Again, for purposes of simplification of the drawings, details of the box pusher or transporter arrangement for chains 21 and 25 are not shown in detail since it is believed that to do so would be somewhat repetitious or redundant.  
  Referring further to FIG. 6 taken in conjunction with FIG. 2, a longitudinal box or carton guide member 56 parallels chain 26 along almost the entire length of such chain and thereabove. such guide member being attached to the top ends of the aforesaid uprights such as 55 and the guide member including an upwardly extending side or side portion such as $60 as shown in FIG. 6. A similar box or carton guide member 66 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is attached to the top ends of the aforesaid uprights such as 65 and extends along almost the entire length of chain 21. The upwardly extending sides or side portions of guide members 56 and 66 aid previously discussed pan 20 in guiding boxes or cartons and preventing excessive skew thereof during their movement or transport along the box entrance path of movement, said sides or side portions of guide members 56 and 66 being spaced from each other a distance slightly greater than the length of the boxes being handled.  
  In the above connection, reference is made to FIGS. 19 and 20 wherein, as previously mentioned. there is shown enlarged side elevational views of first and second types of boxes, cartons or containers, respectively, which may be used with the apparatus of the present invention. The first type of box is designated BA and includes end and side flaps bordering its top edges for closure of the otherwise open top or upper end of the box in a well known manner. The second type of box is designated BB and does not have said end or side flaps but a separate cap type closure such as BBa is used for closure of the otherwise open top or upper end of the box as is believed also well known. When either type of said boxes is used in the apparatus of the invention, the aforesaid guide members 56 and 66 aid pan 20 in guiding the boxes as mentioned above. However, when a box such as BA of the first type is used, said guide members also serve as end flap hold-downs, such end flaps being manually folded downwardly against the ends of the box when the box is inserted into the entrance end of the first path of travel or movement of the boxes and prior to the box being inserted between the guide members 56 and 66.  
  It is believed expedient to here point out that, when the winding to motor EBCM is energized as hereintofore previously mentioned, each box such as BA or BB is manually supplied to said entrance end of the first path of travel or transport in between the passage, past said entrance end, ofa pair of oppositely disposed ones of said pushers or tansporters such as 50 and 60 and the similar passage of the next succeeding such pair of pushers or transporters. Thus, when such succeeding pair of transporters swing about the curve of their respective paths of travel at the entrance end of the first path of travel or transport of the boxes, the free longitudinal edges of the flexible portions of the transporters first contact the ends of the respective box which is then being manually supplied to said entrance end and part of such flexible transporter portions then bend or flex so that a part of the flat surfaces of each such portions move into relatively firm frictional contact with portions of the surfaces of said ends of the respective box. The box is thus frictionally contacted or engaged so that it is transported or moved along pan 20 and between guide members 56 and 66 towards the exit end of the first path of travel of the boxes. At cut-away portions of guide members 56 and 66 the flexible portions of a pair of transporters such as 50 and 60 are shown in FIG. 2 as bent or flexed and thus frictionally contacting or engaging the sides of a box as discussed above. Such a box is so moved until its leading side contacts the trailing side of a preceding box which was similarly moved through said first path of travel of the cartons or boxes. At such time the flexible portions of the pair of transporters or pushers slide along the ends of the box since the force of the frictional engagement or contact therewith is overcome by the immovability of said preceding box and any boxes preceding that box in said first path of travel or transport of the boxes. However, as will become apparent from an operational example of the invention hereinafter set forth, the winding of motor EBCM is seldom energized for extensive periods of time during cycles of operation or runs of the apparatus of the invention and, therefore, the box pushers or transporters such as 50 and 60 are also seldom operating for prolonged periods of time to cause any substantial amount of sliding of the flexible parts of said transporters or pushers along the contacted ends of a box or boxes.  
  The previously mentioned second path of travel or transport of the boxes or cartons extends from the exit end of the first path of travel discussed above and there is disposed adjacent such exit end, that is, at the exit end of previously discussed pan 20, a lift plate 70 (FIGS. 1 and 2) having a length about equal to the width of said exit end of pan 20, such lift plate being movable between a lowered or down position and a raised or up position as discussed below. In its down position one longitudinal edge of lift plate 70 parallels the edge of the exit end of pan 20 closely thereto and the upper surface of lift plate 70 is even with or very slightly below the upper surface of the bottom of pan 20 so that boxes or cartons can be readily pushed or tansported onto said upper surface of the lift plate. In the up or raised position of lift plate 70, said upper surface of such plate is even with or slightly above the upper surface of a slide plate 71 for the boxes or cartons, the right hand end of such slide plate (viewing FIGS. 1 and 2) paralleling the left hand end of lift plate [0 70 closely thereto when lift plate 70 is in its up position. Slide plate 71 extends through said second path of travel from adjacent said left hand end of lift plate 70 at the initial or preloading station in the second path of travel to a location somewhat beyond the left hand end of such path and adjacent the entrance end of the aforementioned third path of travel. It is expedient to here point out that the first path of travel or transport of the boxes or cartons is at a lower level than the second and third paths of travel for the boxes and for this reason lift plate 70 is provided at the aforesaid initial or preloading station. The purpose that the first path of travel is at said lower level will be pointed out hereinafterv Returning to lift plate 70, such lift plate has associated therewith a motor means for raising and lowering the plate between its up and down positions previously discussed. Such motor means is shown in FIG. 1 as a vertically positioned pressurized fluid cylinder BRC (FIGS. 1, 2 and 14) and associated piston rod BRCR (FIG. l4) whose upper end is secured to the bottom surface of lift plate 70. It is pointed out, however, that said motor could, as well, be of another type such as, for example, an electric soleniod coil and its associated plunger, rod or bar. There is also shown in FIGS. 1 and 14 flexible pressurized fluid conduits CD4 and cos attached to cylinder BRC adjacent the bottom and top ends thereof, respectively, and used for selectively supplying said fluid to the cylinder for raising and lowering lift plate as discussed in more detail in an operational example of the invention hereinafter set forth. It will be readily understood that the conduits CD4 and CD5 shown in FIG. 1 are the same conduits CD4 and CD5 shown in FIG. 14 and, thereby, included in the schematic illustration of a control system and associated components for actuating the apparatus of the invention.  
  As further shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pair of associated upper and lower link chains and 76 extend in upper and lower looped paths about a pair of upper and lower driven sprockets 77 and 78, respectively, and a pair of upper and lower idler sprockets 79 and 80, respectively, such pairs of driven and idler sprockets being mounted on a drive shaft and an idler shaft 8] and 82, respectively. Drive sprockets 77 and 78 are suitably keyed to drive shaft 81 for driven rotation therewith as hereinafter discussed, such shaft extending through a suitable rotative upper bearing 83 and into a suitable rotative lower bearing 84, such bearings being mounted in a well known manner so as to be movable in left and right hand directions for tightening or loosening of chains 75 and 76 when desired. Idler sprockets 79 and 80 may either freely rotate on idler shaft 82 or such sprockets may be mounted on such shaft so as to rotate therewith, shaft 82 then extending through an upper rotative bearing 85 and into a lower rotative bearing 86. Upper bearing 85 is attached to the upper surface of a support plate 87 and lower bearing 86 is attached to the upper surface of a similar lower support plate 88 (FIG. I) which is located vertically beneath support plate 87.  
  It is pointed out that bearings 83 and 84 are arranged or mounted so that drive shaft 81 tilts from the vertical in a right hand direction (viewing FIG. I) at a preselected angle. Similarly, bearings 85 and 86 are constructed and are mounted on their respective support plates so that idler shaft 82 also tilts from the vertical at said preselected angle and correspondingly to drive shaft 81. Further, sprockets 77 and 79 are mounted on their respective shafts so as to be aligned with each other for corresponding alignment of chain 75. Sprockets 78 and 80 are likewise mounted on their respective shafts so as to be aligned with each other for corresponding alignment of chain 76. Such arrangement provides for sloping looped paths for chains 75 and 76, such paths sloping or inclining from the horizontal and in the direction from right to left (viewing FIG. 1) upwardly at preselected angle, that is, at an angle equal to the aforesaid angle of tilt of shafts 81 and 82. Said preselected angle of tilt (and, therefore, said angle of slope. of course) is selected in accordance with the length of the second path of travel or transport of the boxes or cartons and said angle may vary considerably, within reasonable limits, as will become more apparent hereinafter. The purpose of the sloping looped paths for chains 75 and 76 will also be made apparent hereinafter.  
  Returning to drive shaft 81, such shaft is also provided with a sprocket 90 which is keyed in any suitable manner to such shaft for driven rotation thereof as described below. A second electric motor FBCM is provided and there is included therewith a gear reduction box GB whose input shaft is connected with the output shaft of motor FBCM, such motor-gear box arrangements being well known. There is keyed to output shaft of gear box GB in any suitable manner a relatively small drive sprocket 9!, and a drive chain 92 loops about sprockets 90 and 91 for imparting rotation to sprocket 90, drive shaft 8!, and sprockets 77 and 78, such rotation being such as to drive the latter in counterclockwise directions (viewing FIG. 2) and corresponding movement of chains 75 and 76 through their looped paths of travel when the winding of motor FBCM is energized as hereinafter discussed. The energization of the winding of motor FBCM is periodic or intermittent as also hereinafter described, and said chains 75 and 76 are correspondingly intermittently or periodically driven at relatively low speeds for a purpose which will also be set forth hereinafter.  
  A plurality of box movers or pushers such as 93 (FIGS. 1, 2, and 8) are attached adjacent their upper and lower ends to upper and lower chains 75 and 76, respectively, such pushers being evenly spaced apart along the looped lengths of said chains. Each box pusher such as 93 has an L-shaped end configuration as best illustrated in FIG. 2, and part of the center portions of the pushers are cut out as illustrated by the configuration of the pushers such as 93 illustrated in FIG. 1 taken in conjunction with the configuration of the pusher 93 illustrated in FIG. 8.  
  Referring to one of the pushers 93 of FIG. 1 and the other view of such a pusher as shown in FIG. 8, it will be seen that each pusher such as 93 includes a main vertical portion 93a which connects with first ends of upper and lower horizontally extending end portions 93b and 93c whose second or free ends 93d and 93e, respectively, are horizontally bent at angles from the remainder of pusher 93 as best illustrated in FIG. 1. The main portion 930 of each pusher such as 93 is a box contacting portion of the pusher, the bent over ends 93d and 93e are parts for attachments of each respective pusher to chains 75 and 76 as discussed below, and portions 93b and 93c of each pusher are portions for connecting main portion 93 with ends 93d and 93c and, thereby, to said chains. The aforesaid cut-outs of the center portions of the pushers such as 93 permit clearance of certain parts of the apparatus as is believed will become more apparent hereinafter. The upper edge of portion 93b of each pusher slopes or slants downwardly in a direction toward the ends of such portion and the length of such upper edge of portion 93b above main portion 93a is ground to provide a knife edge 93f as best illustrated in FIG. 8 but as also indicated in FIG. 1. The purpose of such knife edges are to provide for cutting of lengths of tape as hereinafter described. It should be pointed out that the box pushers or transporters such as 93 are made of relatively rigid and smooth metal such as stainless steel, for example.  
  Referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a small part of the upper portion 93b of a pusher 93 including a part of the bent-over end 93d of said upper portion 93b, such drawing figure illustrating the method of atachment of the upper end of a pusher such as 93 to the aforesaid upper chain 75. An inverted L-shaped lug 94 is attached to the bottom of one of the links of chain 75 and to said bent-over end 93d of portion 93b of pusher 93. There is also attached to the upper side or top of said one chain link a horizontally extending support member 95 which has bolted to the upper side of its otherwise free end-a rail follower 96 which slides, rolls or otherwise follows along the back side of 3 depending rail 97 suspended from the underside of an overhang part of an inverted L-shaped and longitudinal rail support and cover member 98 (see also FIG. 2) which, along with rail 97, extends along a substantial length of the inner side of the looped path of chain 75, that is, the side of such path which is adjacent or near the aforesaid second path of travel or transport of the boxes.  
  First and second longitudinal metal strips 99 and 100 are secured to each other and to said rail support and cover member 98 below said otherwise free end of support member 95, such strips extending for the entire length of member 98. Strip 99 is positioned below said member 95 so as to maintain said end of such support member and rail follower 96 from moving out of the guide passage formed by the combination of depending rail 97, the overhanging part of rail support member 98, and said metal strip 99, during the movement of chain 75 through said substantial length of the inner side of the looped path of such chain. Rail support and cover member 98 is secured to a pair of urights such as l0] having feet such as 102 (FIGS. 1 and 2) secured to channel members of frame 11 for support of the uprights. It is pointed out that a support arrangement similar to that just described is provided for the attachment of the lower ends of the pushers of transporters such as 93 to chain 76 and such similar support arrangement is also supported by the uprights such as 101, and also extends through a substantial length of the inner side of the looped path of such chain, that is, the side of such path which is adjacent or near the aforesaid second path of travel or transport of the boxes. It is also pointed out that a plurality of inverted L-shaped pusher support lugs such as 94 (FIG. are provided along the full lengths of each of the chains 75 and 76. This is further discussed below.  
  It is believed obvious that the box pushers or transporters such as 93 should be vertical when they are contacting or bearing against an end of a box to be pushed or transported as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Therefore, since chains 75 and 76 move in sloping or inclining looped paths, the box pushers or transporters should extend across and be attached to chains 75 and &#39;76 at angles or an angle other than a 90angle. To this end, the pushers or transporters such as 93 are attached to said chains so that, during both downslope and upslope movement of the pushers by the chains moving through their looped paths of travel, the leading or box contacting faces of the pushers extend across each chain at angles, above and below each respective chain, of less and greater than 90, respectively, that is, at acute and obtuse angles, respectively. Such angles depend on the previously discussed preselected angle of tilt of shafts 81 and 82 from the vertical which, as previously mentioned, is also the angle of slope of the looped paths of travel of the chains from the horizontal. If said preselected angle of tilt is 8 for example, said acute and obtuse angles at which the pushers such as 93 extend across chains 75 and 76 are 82 and 98, respectively. It is believed expedient to here point out that parts such as 94, 95 and 96, discussed above in reference to FIG. 5 of the drawings, are provided on chain 75 on selected links of such chain, that is, at selected spaced-apart points or locations about the full looped length of chain 75, the spacing between said selected chain links, or points or locations about the chain being such that the spacing between the box pushers or transporters such as 93 attached to chain 75 (and chain 76) is preferably just slightly greater than the outside length of each box including, if any, the thickness of the bentdown closure flaps at the ends of the box.  
  A first pair of upper and lower box guides 107 and 108, respectively, are provided adjacent and parallel to the front side of the second path of travel or transport of the boxes (FIGS. 1 and 2) and a second pair of similar box guides such as 109 (FIG. 2) are provided adjacent and parallel to the rearward side of said second path of travel. A first support frame 115 supports an upper pair of horizontally extending arms such as 117 and 118 (FIG. 2) which extend between the upper and lower chains 75 and 76 and support, on the otherwise free ends thereof, upper box guide 107. The aforementioned cut-outs of the box pushers such as 93 are embodied in such pushers to provide for clearance between such pushers and said arms 117 and 118. Frame 115 also supports a second horizontally extending pair of lower arms similar to said arms 117 and 118, and which extend below lower chain 76 and support on the otherwise free ends thereof, lower box guide 108.  
  A second support frame 116 is provided to the rear of the rear box guides and supports a pair of upper horizontally extending arms such as 119 and 120 which support, on the otherwise free ends thereof, upper rear box guide 109. Support frame 116 also supports a pair of lower horizontally extending arms similar to said arms 119 and 120 and which support on their otherwise free ends the previously mentioned lower rear box guide located below box guide 109.  
  It is pointed out that the front and rear box guides discussed above are supported so that the surfaces of the front and rear guides which face each other across said second path of travel are separated a distance just very slightly greater than the width of each of the boxes being handled. Such guides are also positioned so that the vertical plane of the centerline of the distance between said facing surfaces corresponds to or coincides with the vertical plane of the longitudinal centerline of said second path of travel of the boxes. Itwill be noted that upper rear box guide 109 is bent adjacent its right hand end (viewing FIG. 2) at a angle so that a short length 109a of such guide extends parallel with the left hand side (also viewing FIG. 2) of the previously discussed ftrst path of travel or transport of the boxes. Such short length 1090 of box guide 109 prevents boxes, which are transported through said first path of travel, from moving or creeping too far to the left (again viewing FIG. 2) after such boxes are moved from between the aforementioned sides of the box flap hold-down and guide members 56 and 66 previously discussed, as well as providing a hold-down means for the left hand end closure flap (viewing FIG. 2) when the boxes being handled have top closure flaps as previously mentioned.  
  Returning to previously discussed lift plate 70, there is shown attached to such lift plate, adjacent the left hand front corner thereof when viewing FIGS. 1 and 2, a rod, bar or shaft 105 which extends downwardly from lift thereof, 70 and has secured thereto, adjacent the lower end tereof, a circularly flanged collar or bushing 106. There is also shown, to the right of shaft 105, and L-shaped support bracket whose lower or foot portion is attached to the upper surface of support plate 88 (FIG. 1). Plate 88 supports on its front face a pair of lower and upper limit switches LS2 and LS3 whose actuating arms extend so as to be contacted and actuated by the flange of said collar or bushing 106 according as lift plate 70 and, therefore, shaft is in its down or lowered, or raised or up positions, respectively. Limit switches LS2 and LS3 are electrical circuit controlling switches each of which has a pair of electrical circuit controlling contacts a-b (FIG. 14) the movable contact members of which are normally spring biased to open or circuit interrupting conditions and are actuated to closed or circuit closing conditions whenever their respective actuating arms are actuated by flanged bushing 106 as mentioned above. When lift plate 70 is in its lowered or down position as shown in FIG. 1 the actuating arm of switch LS2 is actuated and, therefore, the circuit controlling contacts 0-!) of such switch are closed at such time as hereinafter further discussed in conjunction with FIG. 14.  
  It is considered expedient to here point out that several additonal limit switches similar to LS2 and LS3 are employed, such switches being designated LS1, LS4, LS5 and LS6, and the respective switches being shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and, being located and actuated as follows, and having the following described features.  
  Switch LS1 is a limit switch whose actuating arm is contacted and actuated by a box or carton moved onto or resting on lift plate 70. It is, therefore, located above such lift plate and above the limit of upward travel of such plate and at the preloading or initial station in the second path of travel and adjacent the aforesaid exit end of the previously discussed first path of travel or transport of the boxes and cartons as shown in FIGS.  
 l and 2, such exit end coinciding with the initial station at the entrance end of the second path of travel or transport of the boxes. Limit switch LSI has a set of circuit controlling transfer contacts including a movable contact or contact member a and fixed contacts or contact points or members b and c. (FIG. 14). Contact or contact member a is normally spring biased to a circuit closing condition or position against contact or contact point c of the switch and contacts a-b of the switch are normally in an open or circuit interrupting condition. When the actuating arm of the switch is actuated as mentioned above, contact a is actuated from the closed condition with contact c and is actuated into a closed condition with contact or contact point b. Contact member a of switch LSI is shown in FIG. 14 in the position it occupies when no box or carton is on lift plate 70. Limit switch L8] is supported, in its said locations, by a support plate which, when viewing FIG. I of the drawings, is secured to the front of box guide 108, previously discussed.  
  Limit switch LS4 is similar to limit switch LS1 and is located along the aforesaid second path of travel of boxes or cartons at the exit end of the loading station in such path as shown in the region of the centers of FIGS. I and 2, such switch LS4 being attached directly to the front of box guide 107 (viewing FIG. 1). Contacts we of such switch (FIG. 14) are normally spring biased to closed and become opened when a carton or box contacts the actuating arm of the switch, that is, when a box has been moved completely into or to the end of the loading station in the second path of travel of the boxes. Contacts a-b of the switch are closed at such time. This will be discussed hereinafter.  
  Limit switches LS5 and LS6 are located at the exit end of said second path of travel, that is, adjacent to the entrance end of the aforesaid third path of travel or transport of the boxes or cartons as shown at the left hand side of FIGS. 1 and 2. Each such limit switch is supported on a suitable support bracket such as I12 (FIG. I whose lower feet are secured to the upper surface of a support plate 111 to be hereinafter discussed. Limit switches LS5 and LS6 are associated with a pressurized fluid motor or motor means including a fluid cylinder BOC and associated piston rod BOCR discussed below in more detail. It is sufficient to here point out that contacts a-b (FIG. 14) of switch LS5 are spring biased to an open condition but are actuated to a closed condition when said piston rod BOCR is retracted within cylinder BOC, that is, is in its retracted position as shown in FIG. 2. Contact a-b are, therefore, shown closed in FIG. 14. Contacts a-b of switch LS6 are spring biased to a closed condition as shown in FIG. I4 and are actuated open whenever said piston rod BOCR is extended, as hereinafter discussed.  
  For purposes of simplification of the drawings, the conductors for the electrical circuits controlled by the contacts of the limit switches are not shown in FIGS. I and 2 of the drawings but such circuits are schematically illustrated in FIG. 14 and the electricalconnections to said switches will, therefore, be readily apparent to those skilled in the art after a discussion of FIG. 14 in an operational example of the invention hereinafter set forth. Similarly, electrical connections to the windings of previously discussed electric motors EBCM and FBCM, shown in FIGS. I and 2, are not shown in such draiwng figures but such windings for motors EBCM and FBCM are shown in FIG. 14 and are designated W1 and W2, respectively, said electrical connections to the circles which represent the motor windings being schematically shown in said FIG. 14 as will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.  
  With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and 3 of the drawings, and especially to FIGS. 2 and 3, the third path of travel or transport of the boxes or cartons is shown in the upper left hand part of FIG. 2. There is included in such path a plurality of six spaced apart and relatively smooth metal horizontally extending and parallel slats or strips such as which extend from adjacent the entrance end of said third path (box push-out station at the exit end of the aforesaid second path of travel or transport) to a location where the boxes or cartons being transported are manually removed from the apparatus. The slats or strips such as 110 rest on the beams such as 12 of frame 11 at the entrance end of the third path of travel and on a short cross beam at the exit end of such path. The strips such as 110 are of a thickness such that the top surface thereof is even or level with or is slightly below the top surfaces of slide plate 71 as illustrated in FIG. 3. Where the strips adjoin slide plate 71 the upper edges of the strips are of a lesser thickness so as to extend beneath slide plate 71 and rest on the top surface of the beam or member such as 12 which supports slide plate 71 adjacent its left hand edge (when viewing FIG. 3). Spacers such as Ila (FIG. 3) are employed to support the relatively thin slide plate 71 adjacent said edge and above the level of the beams or support frame members such as 12.  
  There is provided along the sides of the third path of transport or travel of the boxes a plurality of strong upright supports such as (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) which, as illustrated in FIG. 3, are preferably provided above each leg such as 13 in vertical alignment with each respective such leg. The uprights such as 125 are securely attached to the upper ends of their respectively associated legs such as 13 or to the upper surfaces of the beams such as 12 extending the length of the third path of travel. A pair of lower L-shaped beams or lengths of angle iron such as 126 (FIGS. 2 and 3) extend from the exit end of the third path of travel almost to the entrance end of such path such beams being attached to said uprights such as 125 with the bases thereof extending in a direction inwardly toward the center of the path of travel, that is, with the sides of the L-shaped beams extending upwardly and in flush contact with the inner faces or facing surfaces of the uprights such as 125, there being one of such pair of beams or lengths of angle iron extending down each side of the third path of travel. The beams are, as illustrated in FIG. 3, attached to said uprights at a selected distance above the upper surfaces of the slats or strips such as 110 for a purpose hereinafter discussed.  
  A pair of upper L-shaped beams or lengths of angle iron such as 127 are secured to the upper ends of the uprights, such as 125 and extend along the sides of the third path of travel, such beams being about equal in length to the aforesaid beams such as 126. The bases of the L-shaped beams such as I27 rest on top of uprights such as 125 and are secured thereto, such bases extending in a direction outwardly from the center of said third path of travel. that is. in a direction opposite to the bases of said beams such as 126. The sides of the beams such as 127 extend upwardly and there is one such beam extending along each side of the third path of travel. The upright or upwardly extending sides of