Amino orthoesters
United States Patent 1 Bechara et al.  
 [ AMINO ORTHOESTERS [76] Inventors: Ibrahim S. Bechara, l 159 Naamans Creek Rd., Boothwyn, Pa. 19061;  
 Dewey G. Holland, Box 503-8, R.D.  
 No. 1, Chadds Ford, Pa. 19317 [22] Filed: Sept. 4, 1973 [21] App]. No.: 393,722  
 Related US. Application Data [62] Division of Ser. No. 276,976, Aug. 1, 1972. Pat, No.  
 [52] US. Cl...... 260/584 C; 260/47 EN; 260/2.5 A;  
  260/570.5 P; 260/570.6; 260/573 [51] Int. Cl. C070 93/02 [58] Field of Search 260/584 B, 584 C, 307 FA [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3.634.516 l/l972 Nazy et a]. 260M655 R Apr. 22, 1975 5/1972 Kuder et al. 260/465.6 l/1974 Bechara et a1. 260/584 C Primary E.\&#39;aminerLewis Gotts Assistant Examiner-D. R. Phillips Alrorney, Agent, or Firm-Harold A. Hormann; Barry Moyerman 5 7 ABSTRACT 1 Claim, No Drawings This invention is concerned with particular aminoorthoesters, their preparation by reaction of suitable amino alkanols and orthoesters or by reaction of an alkali metal salt of an appropriate alkanol amine and an organic trihalide; and uses thereof. for example. as effective catalysts in the promotion of urethane reactions.  
  Review of Chemical Abstracts from 1920 on, Beilstein, the appropriate subclasses of United States patents, and the recent text Carboxylic Ortho Acid Derivative Preparation and Synthetic Applications&#34; by Robert H. DeWolfe, 1970 Academic Press, N.Y. failed to uncover the instant composition.  
  It is already known that synthetic polyurethane plastics, in particular foam plastics, can be produced by reacting compounds which contain active hydrogen atoms with polyisocyanates. The most important activators used, apart from organometallic compounds, are tertiary amines. However, it has been found that when using common tertiary amines as activators the cream time and the rise time of the foam as well as the gel time are often not satisfactory for technical purposes. Also many of the tertiary amines used as activators in the art suffer from disagreeable odor, toxicity and low flash point.  
  A new group of compounds has been found which has surprisingly proved to be highly effective as activators for the production of polyurethanes, in particular polyurethane foams from polyisocyanates and active hydrogen containing compounds. These compounds also have been found to be good curing agents for epoxy resins and when used in conjunction with peroxides they are good promoters for curing unsaturated polyesters. Of further value these compounds are good corrosion inhibitors and excellent scrubbers for acidic gases e.g. S S0 H 8. CO HCl and the like. These compounds have the advantage of low toxicity; low odor at least partly due to the high boiling point and low vapor pressure at ambient conditions; and relatively high thermal and excellent hydrolytic stabilities, as well as excellent activity at a wide range of concentration.  
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention accordingly provides compounds of the general formula:  
 where R H, C,-C alkyl, or phenyl L (OCHRCH ),,N(R&#34;) L can independently differ in R, y or R .v integer from 1-3 y l or 2 R C C, alkyl (same or different) R&#34; H, CH CH N(CH independently when y 2 R= C or C alkyl or aryl (same or different) These compounds can be prepared from the desired alkanol amine and any orthoester of the general formula RC(OR&#39;) where R and R are as described above,  
 by transesterification of the alkoxy groups wholly or partially by the alkanol amine. The claimed compounds can also be made from the alkali (alkaline earth) metal salt of the alkanol amine and a suitable trihalide of the general formula R-CX where R is as described above and X is halogen.  
 The orthoesters needed as reactants are those having the general formula R&#39;C(OR) where R and R are as defined above. These compounds can generally be prepared from alkyl nitriles and alcohols by the Pinner method:  
 or alternatively from alkyl trihalide and the alkoxides.  
 RCX 3MOR R-C(OR&#39;) 3MX where M is an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium. and lithium. Examples of orthoesters that can be prepared by the aforementioned methods are trimethyl orthoformate, triethyl orthoformate, trimethyl orthobenzoate, triethyl orthoacetate, and the like.  
 PREPARATION OF ORTHOESTERS The preferred reaction for the preparation of orthoesters involves the alcoholysis of nitriles by the Pinner reaction where R &amp; R are as defined above. The reaction is carried out at atmospheric pressure and generally in two separate steps. The first step involves the addition of one mol of anhydrous hydrogen chloride to one mol of the nitrile at a temperature range of Ol0C (slight excess of dry hydrogen chloride is preferred but not necessary). The second step involves the addition of three moles of the alcohol followed by heating for 6-28 hours at moderate temperature such as in the range of from 3040C. Excess alcohol can be used and generally is preferred but it is not essential. Also a solvent, as for example diethyl ether, can be used but is not essential.  
  Another common method for the preparation of orthoesters involves the reaction of alpha, alpha, alpha substituted trihalide with metal alkoxide.  
 where R and R are as above; and X is halogen and M is an alkali (or alkaline earth) metal such as sodium, potassium, lithium, etc. The reaction is generally car ried out at atmospheric pressure and in an alcoholic solvent. The alcohol employed as a solvent is generally that from which the alkoxide is derived. The temperature of the reaction is the boiling temperature of the alcohol employed. Mixed orthoesters can be obtained from this method by employing mixed metal alkoxide and/or mixed alcoholic solvents.  
  Still a third method is the transesterification of a known orthoester with a desired alcohol.  
 This reaction is also carried at atmospheric pressure and a temperature range of 50200C. The preferred temperature is the reflux temperature of the alcohol used. The reaction is generally catalyzed by acids and usually the transesterification proceeds in such a man- 3 4 ner where the higher boiling alcohol displaces the more where R, R, R&#34;, R&#39; are as previously defined. The revolatile one. action is preferably conducted at atmospheric pressure A good review on the synthesis of orthoesters i although a pressure range of 2 atm to 50 mm can be found in a book by Post entitled Aliphatic Orthoestused- The Ction temperature is 70200C with the ers, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York. 1943 pp. 5 preferred temperature of about 150C. The reaction is 1 1-44. effected preferably in the presence of an acid catalyst. The aminoalkanols that are suitable starting materi- The trati n Of the catalyst can range from als are those having the general formula (ll-% by wt. of the alkanolamine charged. The pre- H(OCHR&#34;CH ),,N(R&#34;&#39;) where R&#34; and R&#39;, and ferred concentration is about 2% by wt. of the alkanolare as defined above. Examples of aminoalkanols that It) m nee atalysts Can be mineral acid, Such as hycan be used according to this invention are the follow- O OT C. u c and the like; Orga ic aCidS Such as ing: cyano acetic, p-toluene sulfonic and the like; or a Lewis N N dimethy|ethan0|amine acid such as aluminum chloride, magnesium chloride, NNdietMlethanolamine boron trifluoride, stannic chloride. molecular iodine, N h N-ethylethano|amine l5 and the hke. The preferred catalyst are boron trifluo- NNdimethYldiElwolamine r de etherate and anhydrous stannlc chloride. The reac-.  
  tion can be effected in an inert solvent such as diglyme &#39;but it is preferred not to use any solvents.  
  3\, KCHECHDQQHZZI-ZQQ&#39;X-I Another method by which these aminoalkyl orthoest- 81-1 ers can be prepared is by the reaction of the metal alkoxide of the alkanolamine with alpha, alpha, alpha sub- N-Methyl N-ethyldiglycolamine stunted trihalidea t: n E R&#39;&#34; icizlvx -c&#39;::-::2&#39;,::  
 J T T. I T G I&#34; T N,N-dimethylisopropanolamine thy where X is halogen and M is alkali (or alkaline earth) amin0 Z-PI&#39; P metal such as sodium. potassium. lithium and the like. N,N-diethylisopropanolamine and R, R and R&#39; are as previously defined. This reac- N-Methyl N-ethylisopropanolamine tion is effected at about atmospheric pressure and at a 2-[N,N-dimethylaminoisopropoxy]ethanol temperature in the range of 30l00C. The preferred temperature is about 40C. Excess alkanolamine can, c.-I &#34;m A M 5 and is preferred to be used as a solvent. Other solvents, 2 &#34;&#34;22 substantially inert in the reaction system such as hex- 5 c ane, heptane. benzene and the like, may be used.  
  3 The aminoorthoesters according to the invention N-phenyl-N-methy|ethano|amine may be used as activators for polyurethane formation l-MethyI-Z-l N.N-dimethylaminoisopropoxy]ethanol 40 by themselves or in combination with previously known activators, particularly metal-organic compounds. such as tin octoate or dibutyl tin dilaurate or lead naphthena u ate. Also, the aminoorthoesters of the invention ma be CH I used to advantage in combination with other amine ac- 3 3 tivators such as triethylenediamine and his -[dimethylaminoethyl1ether, particularly in the production of highly resilient polyurethane foams.  
 The aminoorthoesters, as activators, can be used with tetravalent and pentavalent organic phosphorus compounds such as phospholines, phospholine oxides, ter- N,N-diphenylisopropanolamine l-Methyl-Z-l N.N-dimethylaminoethoxy]ethanol CH3 tiary phosphines and cyclic esters, amides and ester CH &#34;&#39;2 &#34;-2%= amides of phosphorous and phosphoric acid for built-in &#39;3 CH3 flame retardency characteristics of the polyurethane products. A typical formulation for the production of polyurel,3-N,N.N, N-tetramethylamino 2-propanol thane resins or foams includes l-N,N-dimethylamino 3-N&#39;, N diethylamino 2- 1. compounds which contain active hydrogen atoms propanol 2. polyisocyanates 3. additives such as blowing agents, emulsifiers, surand others. &#39;factants, fire retardants, fillers, pigments and oth- Synthesis of the novel aminoalkyl orthoesters iners. volved may be effected by several methods. One such Compounds which contain active hydrogen atoms; method is by the transesteriflcation of appropriate orare those polyols having at least two active hydrogens, thoester with an appropriate alkanolamine. The term active hydrogen atoms refers to hydrogen atoms which. because of their position in the molecules. display activity according to the Zerwithinoff test as described by Kohler in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 49. 3181 (1927).  
  Polyisocyanates which may be used as precursor material according to the invention are those known ali phatic. cycloaliphatic. araliphatic. and aromatic polyisocyanates and their thio analogs. Examples of these are the 2.4- and 2.6-toluene diisocyanates and mixture of the two isomers; bis-(4-isocyanato phenyl)methane and higher molecular weight products produced by the phosgenation of aniline/formaldehyde condensation products; bis-( 2-isocyanato fumarate 1.5- naphthalene diisocyanate; xylylene diisocyanates; benzyl diisocyanate; triphenyl methane-4. 4&#39;4&#34; triisocyanate; xylylene-alpha-alpha-diisothiocyanate: and the like.  
  Further included are dimers and trimers of diisocyanates and polyisocyanates and compounds of the general formula M(NCO), where x is one or more and M is a monofunctional or polyfunctional atom or group. Examples of this type of compound include ethyl phosphoric diisocyanate. C H P(NCO) phenyl phosphorous diisocyanate; and diisocyanates derived from disulfonamide M(SO NCO) where M is as defined above.  
  Also a suitable starting material for the production of polyurethanes in the process according to the invention are the so-called prepolymers which are the reaction products of the polyols with excess polyisocyanates. Also to be included are the polymerized isocyanates containing isocyanurate rings.  
  Furthermore. the compounds according to the invention have a catalytic effect both with polyether polyols in which the terminal secondary hydroxyl groups have been converted into primary hydroxy groups by the addition of ethylene oxide and with polyether polyols in which the modification with ethylene oxide has been achieved in any desired manner by block polymerization or copolymerization within the chain. The same applies to polyethers modified with alkylene oxide within the chain or at the end of the chain.  
  Illustrative hydroxyterminated polyesters are those which are prepared by polymerizing a lactone (preferably. an epsiloncaprolactone) in thepresence of an active hydrogen-containing starter as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2.914.556; 2.890.208; 2,878,236; and 2.977.385. Polyesters from adipic acid and diols such as ethylene glycol. propylene glycol. diethylene glycol. and the like. and triols such as l.l.l-trimethylolpropane. glycerol. and others, are also useful. Copolymers of lactones and alkylene oxides such as those described in US. Pat. No. 2,962,524. can also be used with good results.  
  Illustrative polyhydroxyalkanes include. among others. ethylene glycol. propylene glycol, 1.3- dihydroxybutane. glycerol. 1.2.6-trihydroxyhexane. l.l.l-trimethylolpropane. pentaerthritol. sorbitol. and the like. The alkylene oxide adducts of the aboveexemplified polyhydroxyalkanes can also be employed. preferably the ethylene oxide. propylene oxide, the epoxybutane, the epichlorohydrin. or mixtures thereof. adducts of said polyhydroxyalkanes.  
  Another useful class of polyols which can be employed are the trialkanolamines and the alkylene oxide adducts thereof. Illustrative trialkanolamines include triethanolamine and triisopropanolamine. The alkylene oxide adducts which can be employed are preferably those wherein the oxyalkylene moieties thereof have from 2 to 4 carbon atoms.  
  Another useful class of polyols which can be employed are the alkylene oxide adducts of monoand polyamines. The monoand polyamines are preferably reacted with alkylene oxides which have 2 to 4 carbon atoms. for example. ethylene oxide, l.2-epoxypropane, the epoxybutanes. and mixtures thereof. Monoand polyamines suitable for reaction with alkylene oxides include. among others. ethylamine. benzylamine. aniline. ethylenediamine. diethylenetriamine. 1.3- butanediamine, phenylenediamines. toluenediamine. and the like. others which deserve particular mention are the alkylene oxide adducts of aniline or substitutedaniline/formaldehyde condensation products.  
  A further class of polyols which can be employed are the non-reducing sugars. the non-reducing sugar derivatives. and more preferably. the alkylene oxide adducts thereof wherein the alkylene oxides have from 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Among the non-reducing sugars and sugar derivatives contemplated are sucrose. alkyl glycosides such as methyl glucoside. and the like. polyol glycosides such as ethylene glycol glucoside. propylene glycol glucoside. and the like.  
  Another desirable class of polyols are the alkylene oxide adducts. preferably with ethylene oxide. such as l.2-epoxypropane. epoxybutane. and mixtures thereof; or adducts of aromatic amine/phenol/aldehyde ternary condensation products. The propylene oxide and mixed propylene-ethylene oxide adducts of aniline/- phenol/formaldehyde ternary condensation products deserve particular mention.  
  The alkylene oxide adducts of phosphorus and polyphosphorus acids are another useful class of polyols. Ethylene oxide. l.2-epoxypropane. the epoxybutanes. 3-chloro-l.2-epoxypropane. and the like are preferred alkylene oxides. Phosphoric acid. the polyphosphoric acids such as tripolyphosphoric acid. and the like are desirable for use in this connection. Also useful are phosphites such as tris(dipropylene glycol) phosphite and the phosphonates which can be produced therefrom by heating in the presence of. e.g.. butyl bromide. as well as the alkylene oxide adducts thereof.  
  The polyol or polyol mixture employed can have hydroxyl numbers which vary over a wide range. In general. the hydroxyl numbers of the polyols employed in the invention can range from about 20. and lower. to about 1.000. and higher. The hydroxyl number is defined as the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required for the complete neutralization of the hydrolysis product of the fully acetylated derivative prepared from 1 gram of polyol. The hydroxy number can also be defined by the equation:  
 OH 56.1 x 1000 Xf/M. w.  
 where:  
 OH hydroxyl number of the polyol f average functionality. that is, average number of hydroxyl groups per molecule of polyol M. W. average molecular weight of the polyol The exact polyol employed depends upon the end-use of the polyurethane product of the process of the invention. For example. when used to prepare foams. the functionality and the hydroxyl number are selected properly to result in flexible. semi-flexible. orrigid foams. The above polyols preferably possess a hydroxyl number of from about 200 to about 800 when employed in rigid foam formulations. from about 40 to about 250 for semi-flexible foams. and from about 20 to about 70 or more when employed in flexible foam formulations. Such limits are not intended to be restrictive. but are merely illustrative of the large number of possible combinations of the above polyol coreactants.  
  Suitable blowing agents are compounds that liberate gases such as nitrogen. e.g.. azo compounds or sulphonyl azides; compounds that liberate CO e.g.. RNHCO H and/or formed in situ from the reaction of water and polyisocyanates; low boiling hydrocarbons such as ethane. propane, hexane or heptane and their halogenation products, e.g., halogenated methanes or ethanes. chlorofluoromethanes. ethylene dichloride and vinylidene chloride.  
  The usual emulsifiers and foam stabilizers may be used as additives to facilitate the mixing and foaming reactions. These additives include higher alkyl or aryl sulfonic acids and their salts. Sulfuric acid esters of castor oil or of vicinoleic acid and their salts; oleic acid salts or stearic acid salts; silicone oils which contain basic groups; and mixed condensation products which contain siloxane and alkylene oxide groups. Also. dyes. fillers and plasticizers may be included.  
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A preferred route to a preferred aminoorthoester product is:  
  HC(OCH;;),-; HOCH CH N(CH HC[OCH CH. ,N(CH3)2l3 3 3 Among the compounds prepared are cu a-coctt cn oce cn rt 3 CH CH CH3 ca cn -o OCH a r&#39; 3 3 4 2C 2\ \C2FD3 cit 3 CH -C OVH Cr! N 3 2 2 C HD 3 HC OCH Cll OCH CH ll EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 10.6g (0.1 mole) of methyl orthoformate, 27g (0.3 mole) or DMEA and 0.3g of p-toluene sulfonic acid was refluxed for several days then subjected to atmospheric distillation. The first cut col lected had a boiling range of 60138C. lt consisted mainly of methanol, methyl orthoformate and DMEA. The remaining product was subjected to vacuum distillation. Two cuts were obtained. Cut No. l distilled at 95-100C and 3.0 mm/Hg. It was identified by NMR spectroscopy to be methoxy bis DMEA formate. Cut No.2 distilled at 135C and 3.0 mm/Hg and it was identified to be the tris DMEA formate. Elemental analysis calculated for C H N O C 56.30, H 11.19, N 15.16; Found: C 55.75, H 11.49, N 14.95.  
 EXAMPLE 11 A mixture of 14.7g (0.1 mole) of triethyl orthoacetate, 26.5g of DMEA (0.3 mole) and 0.5cc of concentrated hydrochloric acid was co-distilled under 25 theoretical plates fractionation column. A total of 25g of ethanol and starting material was distilled at atmospheric pressure. The remainder was subjected to vac uum distillation; 12g of product were distilled at l 1 15C and 1.0 mm/Hg. Its structure was proven by NMR to be the tris DM EA orthoacetate. Elemental analysis calculated to C,- ,H,, N O C 57.73, H 11.34, N 14.43; Found: C57.71. H 11.54. N 14.12.  
 EXAMPLE 111 Analysis: Calculated for C, -,H;, -,N O Wt. /r Found, Wt. /r  
 Cut No. 3 was analyzed for C H N O Calculated. Wt. /r Found. Wt. 92  
 R. l. at 27C. 1.4497  
 EXAMPLE IV A mixture of 14.8g (0.1 mole) of triethyl orthoformate and 26.7g (0.3 mole) of DMEA was refluxed inpresence of few drops of concentrated HCl for two hours. The ethanol and unreacted material were removed by distillation at atmospheric pressure. The residue was subjected to vacuum distillation to give two Cuts. Cut No. 1 distilled at 95C at l mm/Hg; and Cut No. 2 weighed 12g and distilled at 135C at 3 mm/Hg pressure.  
  Cut No. 2 was identified as tris DMEA formate. Analysis calculated for C H N- O C 56.30, H 11.19, N 15.16; found: C =56.10, H 11.17, N 14.49.  
  Cut No. 1 was identified as the ethoxy bis- [dimethylaminoethoxy]formate. R. 1. at 27C. 1.4305. Analysis calculated for C H N O C 56.41, H =11.11, N 11.96; found: C 55.65, H 10.62, N l 1.90.  
 EXAMPLE V A mixture of 0.3 mole (43.8g) of 1,3- N,N,N&#39;,N&#39;tetramethylamino 2-propanol and 0.1 mole 14.8g) of triethylorthoformate was heated at C in presence of 1.0cc of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The ethanol formed was continuously removed over a fractionation column. When the pot temperature reaches 200C. the reaction was cooled and connected to a vacuum line and distilled. Cuts No. 1 and 2 distilled from 50145C and 3.0 mm/Hg. Cut No. 3 distilled at l60163C and 1.0 mm/Hg. lts weight was 5g and was identified by LR. and NMR spectroscopy to be the tris- [N,N,N,N&#39; tetramethylamino-Z-propoxy]formate. R. l. at 15C. 1.4635. Analysis calculated for C-lgHsgN Oai C 58.93, H l 1.61, N 2 found: C 58.53, H 11.58, N 18.14.  
 EXAMPLE VI A mixture of 0.3 moles (50g) of triethyl orthoformate and 1.0 mole (103g) ofN,N-dimethy1isopropanol amine was heated in presence of 0.1g of p-toluene sulfonic acid. The ethanol formed was continuously removed till the temperature of the pot reached 230C. The reaction mixture was then cooled and connected to a vacuum line then distilled. The first cut weighed 124g and it distilled from 60130C and 4 mm/Hg. Cut No. 2 weighed 15g and it distilled from 130-l 33C and 4 mm/Hg. This latter cut was identified by IR. and NMR to be the tris-ldimethylaminoisopropoxylformate.  
  R. 1. at 27C. 1.4355. Analysis calculated for is m a 3 C 60.19, H 11.60, N 13.17; found: C 59.41, H 11.57,  
 EXAMPLE Vll In a round bottomed flask equipped with a thermowell. the following materials were charged:  
 106g (1.0 moles) of trimethylorthoformate 320g (3.6 moles) of dimethylethanolamine 5g of boron trifluorideetherate The flask was placed in a heating jacket and connected to a 25 theoretical plate fractionation column with a takeoff distilling head. The pot was heated and the methanol formed was continuously removed. When the theoretical amount of methanol was removed, the heating was continued and part of the excess DMEA distilled off. The heat was turned off when the pot temperature reached 400F. The pot was cooled and transferred to vacuum distillation where the remaining excess of DMEA were removed at about 30C and 1 mm/Hg. Tris-[dimethylaminoethyllformate distilled at 1051l0C and lmm/Hg. 1t weighed 231g or 83% of the theoretical. The odor at prevailing room conditions was relatively slight and less offensive than most amines. and considerably less offensive than that of the alkanolamine from which it was derived. The flash point of the product was high.  
 EXAMPLE Vlll A mixture of 10.6g (0.1 mole) of trimethyl orthoformate. 27g (0.3 moles) of dimethylethanolamine, and 0.5 g of p-toluene sulfonic acid was heated under a reflux condenser. The reaction was followed by SC. at intervals of four hours. After 26 hours. the reaction mixture reached equilibrium. The mixture was then set up for distillation and the methanol formed as well as aminoethanol was distilled off. The distillation was stopped when the pot temperature reached 400F. The residue was subjected to vacuum distillation and yielded the following cuts. Cut No. I weighed 85g and distilled at 35C and 1 mm/Hg. It was identified to be the starting diethylaminoethanol. Cut No. 2 weighed 42g and distilled at 82C and l mm/Hg. It was not identified. Cut No. 3 weighed 218g and distilled at 150l55C and 2 mm/Hg.  
 R. I. at 28C 1.4474  
  This cut was identified by I. R. and MNR spectroscopy as the tris-(N,N-diethylaminoethoxy) formate. Analysis calculated for C|9H43N3O3.  
 the unreacted materials were distilled at atmospheric l5 pressure and a temperature range of 60l35C. The cfllculmed- 9? Foundremaining mixture was subjected to vacuum distillation C 63.20 C 63.42 using 10 plate fractionation column. Three cuts were H 9| H [L63 obtained. N 11.63 N 12.15  
 Cut No. l distilled at 4753C and 8 mm/I-Ig.  
  R. I. at 13C 1.4215 It was identified by [.R. and NMR spectroscopy to be EXAMPLE X the bis-methoxyldimethylaminoethoxylformate. The preparation of several comparative samples of Cut No. 2 distilled at 95-100C and 3 mm/Hg. polyurethane rigid foam utilized a formulation com- R. l. at 25C 1.4319. prising It was l y &#34;1 NMR p py to A. a mixture of 109g of Selectrofoam (rigid foam be methoxy bis-[dimethylammoethoxy]formate. polyol) 47g f R 1]SBA (Freon) blowing agem w 1.5g of DC-l93 surfactant; On No unalyzcd for C&#39;IHHNO B. a mixture of 0.12g of D-22(d1bu tyl tin dllaurate) Calculated. Wt. &#34;/1 Found. Wt. 71 added to 105g of Hylene TIC (dnsocyanate); C 51 C S097 C. amine catalyst as shown below. The materials H 10.43 H 9:76 were then mixed with a high speed mechanical stir- N N rer for 10 seconds. then poured into a five quart Cut No. 2 analyzed for C H N O tub.  
  Cmculmm Fmmd- WL The cream. gel, rise and tack free times for each sample C 5455 C 5433 were measured. Table 1 shows typical gel and rise times H 10.91 H 10.92 I l N 12.73 N 1305 as well as cream and tack free times for the mucus 40 amine catalysts.  
 Table 1 Catalyst Concentration in Grams Dimethylethanolamine 0.8 1.0 Tris-(dimethylamino- 0.8 1.0  
  ethyl)-formate Methoxy his dimethyl 0.8 1.0  
 ethanolamine Cream Time (secs) l5 12 12 10 10 10 Gel Time (8005.) 11s 51 35 33 35 35 Rise Time (secs) 265 165 63 63 72 60 Tuck Free Time (secs.) 222 165 47 55 56 Tub Density 1.61 1.58 1.61 1.57  
 EXAMPLE IX EXAMPLE XI In a 1 liter round bottomed flask equipped with a thermowell, the following materials were mixed:  
 420g of N,N-diethylaminoethanol l 13g of trimethylorthoformate 1 lg of boron trifluoride The flask was set under 25 theoretical plate fractionation column equipped with a takeoff distilling head and a reflux condenser. The reflux to takoff ratio was set 5:1. The mixture was heated and the methanol formed was continuously removed. After the theoretical amount of methanol was removed. excess diethyl- A mixture of g of CP-3000 polyol, 3.5g of water, 1.0g of DC- surfactant and 0.15g of amine catalyst were thoroughly blended. To this mixture was added 0.25g of 50 wt.7r T-9 tin catalyst in CP-3000. 43.5g of toluene diisocyanate 80/20 were then added and the material mixed with a high speed mechanical stirrer for 10 seconds. The mixture was then poured into a five quart tub and the cream, hard gel and rise times were recorded. Table 2 shows typical data obtained with the various amine catalysts.  
 Table 2 Catalyst Concentration in Grams Dimethylethanolamine 0.15  
 Trisdimethylethanolamine formate Methoxy bis-dimethylethanolamine formate Triethylenediamine 0.15  
 Cream Time tsecs.) l3 l3 12 Hard Gel tsecs.) 128 I 98 Rise Time (secs) Collapsed 1 10 l 13 87 EXAMPLE XII A mixture of 100g of polyester polyol (Fomrez 3.6g water, 1.5g of Witco 1058 and 7786 surfactants catalyst as indicated below and 105g of toluene diisocyan-ate /20 was mixed for 10 seconds with a high speed mechanical stirrer. then poured into a five quart tub. Table 3 lists the cream and hard gel times obtained with the various catalysts.  
 Table 3 Catalyst Concentration in Grams N-ethyl morpholine 1&#39;8 Tris-dimethylethanolamine 0.8 1.0  
 formatc Cream Time (sees) 13 ll) 8 Hard Gel (secs) I48 60 Rise Time (sees) 76 6t) 44 EXAMPLE Xlll The effective nature of such an aminoorthoester with an epoxide is demonstrated. A mixture of 10 parts by weight of glycidyl polyether (EPON 828) and 1 part by weight of tris dimethylethanolamine (from EXAMPLE I. Cut No. 2) were handmixed for 2 minutes and then heat cured. The cure time at each of several temperatures is shown in Table 4.  
 Table 4 Temperature C. Cure Time in Minutes Obviously, many modifications and variations of the invention as hereinbefore set forth may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Therefore, only such limitations should be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.  
 What is claimed is:  
  1. An aminoorthoester in accordance with the formula