Multiple container carrier and package
United States Patent 1 1 ,8 Weaver Apr. 1, 1975 MULTIPLE CONTAINER CARRIER AND 3,307,321 3/1967 Beart 206/150 X PACKAGE 3,374,028 3/1968 Wanderer 206/150 x 3,524,257 8/1970 Jakubowski.... 35/34 X Inventor: William Weaver, Glen y 3,733,100 5/1973 Tanzer 294/872 [73] Assignee: Illinois Tool Works Inc., Chicago, l  
  111. Primary Examiner-W1lliam l. Pr1ce Assistant Examiner-Steven E. Lipman [22] 1973 Attorney, Agent, or FirmRobert W. Beart; Edward 21 Appl. No.: 337,505 L. Benno 52 us. Cl 206/150, 206/158, 206/161 ABSTRACT [5 l 1 A container carrier made from a resilient de- [58] Fleld of Search 206/145, 151v formable plastic sheet material and having a plurality 206/158; 294/872; 35/ 34 of container encircling bands and integral webs which by virtue of their shape, size, and cooperation with [56] References cued certain cylindrical containers will cause the resulting UNITED STATES PATENTS package to be a tight, compact package.  
 2,874,835 2/l959 Poupitch 206/150 3.269.530 8/1966 Wanderer 206/150 13 6 Draw F&#39;gures MULTIPLE CONTAINER CARRIER AND PACKAGE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention pertains to packages of a plurality of containers held together by a carrier. Such containers are commonly cylindrical cans and such carriers are commonly made from an unsupported sheet of a resilient deformable plastic material such as low density polyethylene. Various forms of carriers and the resulting packages of the prior art may be seen in the US. Patent of Ougljesa Jules Poupiteh, No. 2,874,835.  
 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The subject invention, as a new and novel carrier and package, contemplates that the plurality of containers be cylindrical cans, the upper portions of which are necked-in. Basically, such necked-in cans have chimes which do not extend radially outwardly of the body of the can.  
  The carrier of the invention is made from an unsupported sheet of resilient deformable plastic material and generally comprises a strip of longitudinallyextending transversely-aligned pairs of container encircling bands. Such a carrier, after being mounted on a plurality of cans, can be divided, and is often machine applied and divided, into selected or desired packages, each of a selected number of containers and a carrier section. A common commercial package is the well known o-pack for beverages.  
  In the carrier of the present invention, the container encircling bands have a particular inner peripheral shape or configuration and size. and cooperate with the integral webs so that when the carrier is applied to necked-in cans a firm compact package results. The particular inner peripheral configuration of each of the container encircling bands includes three different curved shapes particularly disposed or arranged in the carrier. In the portion of the inner periphery of one hand which is adjacent to the web which interconnects the other band of each transverse pair of container encircling bands, the radius of curvature of that portion is substantially greater than the radius of curvature of the necked-in portion ofthe can immediately below the chime. The portions ofthe inner periphery of each container encircling hand adjacent to each end of the first portion are provided with a radius of curvature which is substantially less than the radius of curvature of the necked-in portion of the can beneath the chime thereof. The remaining portion of the container encircling band is preferably such that the inner peripheral portion has a radius of curvature substantially equal to or slightly less than the radius of curvature of the necked-in portion of the can immediately below the chime thereof.  
  Additionally, the total peripheral dimension of each aperture of each container encircling band is substantially less than the circumferential dimension of the necked-in portion of the can below the chime thereof, and the webs between the bands have lengths such that they do not interfere with the band orientation, or necessary band elongation that occurs when the carrier is stretched and applied to a plurality of necked-in cans.  
  With a carrier as generally described above, and as described hereinafter in detail, it has been found that a firmly constricted compact package is formed when the carrier is applied to a plurality of necked-in cans.  
 While all of the reasons why the carrier of the subject invention performs as described may not be easily perceived,&#39;it is believed that the grid lines shown in the drawing can help one to. understand why the firm compact package is formed.  
  The provision of a carrier which will produce a tight, compact package of a plurality of necked-in cans is the primary object of the present invention.  
  Other objects and the features of the invention will be apparent upon a perusal of the hereinafter following specification taken in conjunction with the drawings.  
 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I is a plan view of one embodiment of the carrier of the subject invention;  
  FIG. 2 is another embodiment of the carrier of the subject invention:  
  FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a portion of the carrier shown in FIG. 2;  
  FIG. 4 is atop plan view of a package comprising the carrier of FIG. I and with necked-in cans;  
  FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the package of FIG. 4:  
  FIG. 6 is a fragmentary end elevational view of the package shown in FIG. 4.  
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS To form the firmly constricted compact package .of the invention the carrier 10 of FIG. I, or II of FIG. 2 is made from a resilient deformable, unsupported plastic sheet material such as low density polyethylene. In one successful reduction to practice of the invention, the material used was a low density polyethylene having a sheet thickness of 0.01 8 inches, and a secantmodulus at 2 percent elongation of approximately 36,000 p.s.i. That material had the desired elasticity andstiffness. However, it is contemplated that the invention may be practiced with other plastic materials having substantially similar resiliency and elastic memory characteristics.  
  The carrier 10 of FIGS. I and 4-6 comprises a longitudinal series of transversely arranged pairs of container encircling bands I2 and I3. The directions longitudinal&#34; and transverse&#34; are used to aid inthc description of the invention and are not used to define the direction in which a large number of pairs 12 and I3 may be formed and arranged to produce a carrier stock. Commonly in the machine application of such carrier stock, a large number of cans and the carrier stock are simultaneously fed through the applicating machineand after application ofthe carrier to the cans, the machine selectively severs the webs interconnecting the pairs 12 and 13 to produce a plurality of packages of two or more containers. The invention contemplates that two or more pairs of bands I2 and I3 may be alternatively formed and arranged in a carrier stock so that each pair of bands 12 and I3 is aligned either transversely or longitudinally of the length of the stock. An important construction feature of the invention that must be kept in mind in practicing the invention is to maintain the integral webs which interconnect adjacent pairs of bands 12 and 13 of effective lengths such that they cooperate with the bands 12 and 13 to permit firm gripping of the bands about the containers with the necessary band elongation when the carrier is stretched and applied to the necked-in cans.  
  There are two different webs in the carrier of the in vention, the web which integrally interconnects a band 12 and a band I3 as a pair, and the web which integrally interconnects bands 12 and 13 of adjacent pairs.  
  The web which interconnects a band 12 and a band 13 as a pair may have different end shapes. That web 14 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 46 has convex ends which may be folded downwardly by a person carrying the package to function as finger grips or handle means. That web 15 in FIGS. 2 and 3 has concave ends. The different end construction of the webs l4 and 15 is the only substantial difference between the carrier embodiments of FIGS. I, 46 and FIGS. 2 and 3.  
  The webs which integrally interconnect adjacent pairs of bands 12 and 13 are indicated at 16 in FIGS. I, 46 and at 17 in FIGS. 2 and 3.  
  In the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3., the container encircling bands are indicated at I8 and 19. and those bands are substantially respectively identical in construction and arrangement to the bands 12 and 13 of FIGS. 1, 46. Important features of the invention are the shape or configuration of the container encircling bands, the size of the bands and webs relative to the size of the necked-in cans intended to be associated therewith, the relative arrangement of the bands in each pair of bands, and the web configurations and cooperations with the bands.  
  FIG. 3 in an enlarged view shows the shape and size of the container encircling bands relative to the necked-in cans intended to be multipackaged with the carrier of the invention. The inner periphery or coir tainer encircling aperture of the container encircling band I9 is shaped to have four arcuate sections 19a, 19/), I90 and 19a. The outer periphery over the free areas and over its imaginary extension through the -webs I5 and l7-is substantially parallel to the inner periphery. I  
 The size of the outer surface of the container substantially immediately below the chime relative to the size of band 19 is shown in FIG. 3 by the dotted line arrows 20, 21 and 22. Each of the arrows 20. 21 and 22 are of the same length and represent the outer radius of curvature of the necked-in container substantially immediately below the chime thereof. As used hereinafter that radius is referred to as the radius ofcurvature of the container or can.  
  The section 19:! is formed to have a radius of curvature. substantially greater than the radius of curvature of the can. That radius of curvature is shown by the arrow 23.  
  The sections I91; and 190 have substantially the same radius of curvature, and that radius of curvature, which is substantially smaller than the radius of curvature of the can. is shown by the arrow 24.  
  The section 19d preferably has a radius of curvature which is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the radius of curvature of the can, and that radius of curvature is shown by the arrow 25. The inventor believes that the section 19d may have other shapes, but that whatever its shape, it should be substantially the equivalent of the described section 1911 in function, operationand result.  
  As shown in the drawings, one end of each section I91) and 190 is connected to one end of section [9a, and section 19d is connected to the other ends of sections 19I2&#39;and 190 to define the continuous uninterrupted inner periphery of the band 19.  
  The total length of the inner periphery ofthe band I9 is substantially less than the circumferential dimension, measured immediately below the chime, of the neckedin can intended to be associated therewith. Thus it may be seen that the inner periphery of the band 19 must be stretched when the band 19 is applied to the can. The larger circumferential dimension of the can in cooperation with the described shape of the bands and with the arrangement and shape of the webs causes the carrier package to assume a tight compact configuration. The firm compact arrangement of the package is apparent by the close spacing between adjacent cans and by the extreme folding of the webs as may be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6. The necked-in cans about which the carrier is applied are shown at 26.  
  The inventor believes that one important factor in the described arrangement is the size of the webs l4 and I6 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1, 46. and webs I5 and 17 in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3. In width the webs vary from a substantially zero width at their longitudinal centers to varying widths which are a result of their lengths and the curvature of the outer peripheries of the bands. Each of the webs l4 and 15 has a length less than the diameter of the outer surface of the can immediately below the chime thereof. Each of the webs I6 and 17 has a length less than the length of&#39; a straight line drawn between the widest transverse dimension of the aperture of the bands. It should be noted that webs 14 of FIG. I and 15 of FIG. 2 have substantially the same effective length by virtue of their connection points to the adjacent bands. The convex ends of webs I4 do not add to the effective length of webs 14. If the webs are made substantially longer than as described, the longer webs will cause the free hand portions to be excessively stressed. Excessive stress in the free band portions will result in exceeding the clastic yield point of the plastic material and the free hand portions will experience a necking down with a resultant loose band.  
  In an attempt to aid in understanding the invention, the carrier of FIG. 1 has been drawn with substantially equally spaced grid lines thereon and the resulting distortion ofthose grid lines when the carrier is applied to the appropriate cans is shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. Note in FIG. 4 that there is very little variance in spacing between grid lines 27. Some visual distortion occurs because that vicw is a plan view of a concave surface. From those grid lines it is apparent that the adjacent band sections corresponding to 19a of FIG. 3 are being caused to fold downwardly against the cans somewhat in the manner a sheet of paper will tend to fold when a straight edge thereof is urged against a cylindrical surface. The wcbs I4 do not interfere in the downward folding action of those sections and will not cause excessive elongation in sections 19b, 19: or 19d.  
  Note should next be taken of the distortion of the grid lines 28 in FIG. 6. Again, some visual distortion occurs because the curved surfaces are shown projected into the plane of the drawing. The grid lines 28 are greatly stretched at their upper portions with very little stretching at their lower ends. From that distortion it is apparent to the inventor that the adjacent band sections corresponding to band sections 19b and 19c of FIG. 3 are being caused to fold downwardly against the cans because the high stretching of the inner periphery of the sections is causing those sections to assume a substantially cylindrical configuration. The webs 16 do not interfere in the downward cylindrical formation of those sections and will not cause excessive elongation in the free areas of sections 19b, 190 or 19:].  
  The inventor further believes that the sections corresponding to sections 1911 of FIG. 3 are and should function substantially merely as an interconnecting member to produce the action described in the other sections of each band. Those sections are shown in FIG. 5. Some substantial stretching of the inner periphery of those sections occurs because of the pull of the other sections. However, in practicing the invention, one should avoid high stretching of the inner periphery of those sections to the detriment of the stretching needed in the sections corresponding to sections 19!: and 19c of PK). 3. To that end the radius of curvature of section i911 more closely approximates the radius of curvature of the cans than the radii of curvature of sections 19a, 19b and 190. Although it is believed that one skilled in the subject art can practice the invention from the foregoing description. mention of the actual differences in the radii of curvature for a specific successful reduction to practice of the invention may be meaningful. In a re duction to practice the sections 19a had a radius ofcurvature 52 percent larger than the outer radius ofcurvature of the can immediately below the chime. The sections 19b and 19(- had a radius of curvature 50 percent smaller than that of the can, and the section 191/ had a radius of curvature 16 percent smaller than that of the can. Further, the total length of the sections 19a, 19b, 19(- and 1911 was 22 percent smaller than the circumferential dimension of the can immediately below the chime. ln measuring the elongation that had occurred in the various sections of that reduction to practice, when applied to pairs of necked-in cans, it was found that a it) percent elongation had occurred in section 19a, a 40 percent elongation had occurred in each of sections 19/) and 19v, and a 25 to percent elongation had occurred in section 19d. In any particular incremental circumferential portion the elongation varies from a maximum at the upper edge of the bands immediately below the can chime to a minimum at the lower edge of the bands. Reductions to practice ofthe invention have established that carriers of the subject invention use substantially less material than previously known sheet formed carriers.  
  Having described the invention, it is to be understood that changes can be made in the described embodiments within the spirit and scope ofthe invention as defined by the appended claims.  
 I claim:  
  I. A multiple container carrier for a plurality of pairs of cylindrical containers. said carrier comprising a plurality of pairs of hands, a web interconnecting the outer marginal edges on one side of each of the bands ofeach pair of hands, a second web interconnecting the outer marginal edges on one side of each of the bands of adjacent pairs of said bands, said bands and said webs being formed from a resilient deformable plastic sheet material with said bands and said webs lying in the plane of said sheet material, the inner peripheral margin of each of said bands being uninterrupted and shaped to define a closed loop of four arcuate sections. said first arcuate section being contiguous to said first web and said one side of each of said bands and having a radius of curvature substantially greater than the radius of said containers, the second and third arcuate sections extending from each end of said first arcuate section and being contiguous to said second web, said second and third arcuate sections having substantially the same radius of curvature, the radius of curvature of said second and third arcuate sections being substantially less than the radius of said containers, the fourth arcuate section extending between said second and third arcuate sections and having a radius of curvature no greater than the radius of said containers, the total arcuate extent of said four arcuate sections being substantially less than the circumferential dimension of said containers, the distance between the end connections of said first webs to said bands&#39;being greater than the length of a straight line extending between the ends of said first arcuate section and less than the diameter of said cylindrical containers, and the distance between the end connections of said second webs to said bands being substantially less than the length of a straight line drawn between the points of widest spacing on the inner peripheral margin of said first and fourth arcuate sections.  
  2. A multiple container carrier as defined in claim I, wherein the inner and outer peripheral margins of said bands including the extensions thereof integral with said webs are substantially parallel.  
  3. A multiple container carrier as defined in claim 2, wherein the width of said webs at the longitudinal centers thereof is substantially zero.  
  4. A multiple container carrier as defined in claim 1, wherein integral tabs are provided on the ends of said first webs as finger gripping handle means.  
  5. A multiple container carrier for a plurality of pairs of cylindrical containers, said carrier comprising a plurality of pairs of bands, at web interconnecting the outer marginal edges on one side of each of the bands of each pair of bands, at second web interconnecting the outer marginal edges on one side ofeach of the bands of ad jacent pairs of said bands, said bands and said web&#39;s being formed from a resilient deformable plastic sheet material with said bands and said webs lying in the plane of said sheet material, the inner peripheral margin of each of said bands being uninterrupted and shaped to define a closed loop of four arcuate sections, said first arcuate section being contiguous to said first web and said one side of each of said bands and having a radius of curvature substantially greater than the radius of said containers, the second and third arcuate sections extending from each end of said first arcuate section and being contiguous to said second web, said second and third arcuate sections having substantially the same radius of curvature, the radius of curvature of said second and third arcuate sections being substantially less than the radius of said containers, the fourth arcuate section extending between said second and third arcuate sections, said fourth arcuate section having a radius of curvature substantially between the range of the radius of curvature of said containers and a radius of curvature 20 percent less than the radius of curvature of said containers, and the total arcuate extent ofsaid four arcuate sections being substantially less than the circumferential dimension of said containers.  
  6. A multiple container carrier as defined in claim 5., wherein the distance between the end connections of said first webs to said bands is substantially greater than the length of a straight line extending between the ends of said first arcuate sections and less than the diameter of said cylindrical containers, and the distance between the end connections of said second webs to said bands being substantially less than the length of a straight line drawn between the points of widest spacing between said first and fourth arcuate sections.  
  7. A multiple container carrier as defined in claim 6 wherein the inner and outer peripheral margins of said bands including the extensions thereof integral with said webs are substantially parallel, and the width of said webs at the longitudinal centers thereof is substantially zero.  
  8. A multiple container carrier as defined in claim 7, wherein integral tabs are provided on the ends of said first webs as finger gripping handle means.  
  9. A package of a plurality of pairs of cylindrical containers and a carrier, said containers having frusto conical circumferential portions immediately below the upper chimes thereof, said carrier comprising a plurality of pairs of frusto-conical bands with each of said bands encircling one of said containers immediately below the upper chime thereof, a plurality of first webs, each of said first webs integrally interconnected between opposed lower edges of the bands of each pair of bands, a plurality of second webs, each of said second webs integrally interconnected between opposed lower edges of the bands of an adjacent pair of said bands, each of said bands being in a circumferentially stretched condition, each of said bands having four circumferential sections of substantially different elongation, the first of said sections being continguous to said first web, the second and third sections extending circumferentially about the container from the ends of said first section and being contiguous to said second web, the fourth section being connected between the ends of said second and third sections, said second and third sections being elongated substantially greater than said first and fourth sections, and said fourth section being elongated substantially greater than said first section.  
  10. A package as defined in claim 9, wherein the elongation of each of said sections decreases from the upper edges of said sections to the lower edges of said sections.  
  11. A package as defined in claim 10, wherein said carrier is formed from a resilient deformable plastic sheet material with said bands and said webs lying in the plane of said sheet material, each of said webs formed in said sheet material to interconnect the opposed outer marginal edges of one side of each of said pair of bands, each of said second webs interconnecting the opposed outer marginal edges on one side of the bands of adjacent pairs of said bands, said bands further being formed in said sheet material with the inner peripheral margin of each of said bands being shaped to define a closed loop of four arcuate sections, the first arcuate section being formed contiguous to said first web and having a radius of curvature substantially greater than the radius of curvature of said containers, the second and third arcuate sections being formed to extend from each end of said first arcuate section, said second and third arcuate section being formed to have substantially the same radius ofcurvature, the radius of curvature of said second and third arcuatc sections being formed substantially less than the radius of said containers, the fourth arcuate section extending between said second and third arcuate sections and being formed to have a radius of curvature no greater than,  
 the radius of said containers, and the total arcuate extent of said four arcuate sections being substantially less than the circumferential dimension of said containers.  
 12. A package as defined in claim 11, wherein the width of each of said webs at the longitudinal center thereof is substantially zero, and the length of each of said webs is substantially less than the diameter ofsaid containers.  
  13. A package as defined in claim 12, wherein inte gral tabs are provided on the ends of each of said first webs as finger gripping handle means.