Apparatus for forming corner pads
ilnitetdl Mates ateinti; n91  
 B olll 1 APPARATUS FUR FURMHNG CQRNER [75] inventor: Brendan L. Doii, Patterson, NC.  
 [73] Assignee: (:ellu Products Company, Patterson,  
 [22] Filed: Oct. 3., 11972 [21] Appl. No.: 294,647  
 Related 111.8. Application Data [62] Division of Ser. No. 36,332, May 11, 1970, Pat. No.  
 [52] US. Cl. 156/443; 93/3605; 156/475 [51] lint. Cl 1832b 31/00- [58] Field oi Search 156/226, 227, 228, 221,  
 [56] References (:llQd  
 UNITED STATES PATENTS Lacy ct a1. 229/14 C X Conti 93/3605 Rothrock et al 161/44 X Primary E.\-aminer-Charles E. Van Horn Assistant ExaminerDavid A. Simmons Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Parrott, Bell, Seltzer, Park &amp; Gibson 5 ABSTRACT An apparatus for forming corner pads utilizing a plurality of plies, each of which is adapted to be folded into a trihedral angle arrangement, wherein the plies are successively fed into juxtaposed relation while adhesive is applied to predetermined surfaces of certain of the plies, and the plies are successively formed into trihedral angle arrangements while being successively placed in contiguous, nesting relationship to secure the nested plies together by the adhesive to maintain the same in a collective trihedral angle arrangement.  
 8 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures SHEET I BF 5 CUTTING: AND succEssweLY App FORMWG Scoszma FEENNG i) ABHESWE- Puei: INTO Pug-s PuEs To Put-s CORNER DAB 2&amp; 5\  
  F g=l L50 PATENTEDAFRZZ i975 SHEET 3 [IF 5 I APPARATUS FOR FORMING CORNER PADS This application is a division of my copending application. Ser. No. 36.332. filed May ll. I970. entitled Method of and Apparatus for Forming Corner Pads. which is now U.S. Pat. No. 3.725.170.&#34;  
  The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming corner pads for protecting the corners of furni ture or the like during shipment or other handling. and more particularly to such an apparatus for forming trihedral corner pads in a substantially continuous. automated manner.  
  It is the usual practice in the shipment or other handling of furniture and the like to utilize corner pads of suitable shock-absorbent material over each of the corners thereof to protect the same from damage. The most common corner pad utilized for this purpose is formed by manually folding a unitary blank of corrugated paperboard material which is suitably cut and scored to facilitate its being folded into the corner pad. Such corner pads are almost universally in the shape of a trihedral angle since this shape has been found to provide the desired protection with a minimum of material.  
  While providing adequate shock absorption and protection to the corners of furniture and the like. conventional corner pads require an excessive amount of paperboard material for a given amount of shock absorption since there is considerable waste of the paperboard material in the fabrication thereof. Further. no automated apparatus has been found for forming trihedral corner pads. and therefore only manual operations have been utilized in the fabrication thereof. These manual operations are very time consuming. and contribute materially. along with the aforementioned waste of material. to an excessive cost of producing conventional corner pads.  
  With the foregoing in mind. it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming corner pads which obviates the deficiencies of the prior manual operations of forming corner pads heretofore utilized.  
  It is a more specific object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming corner pads which may be substantially automated and thereby a significant reduction in the cost of manufacture can be achieved.  
  It is still another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for forming corner pads wherein the production of corner pads is substantially increased over the production of conventional pads.  
  Some of the objects of the invention having been stated. other objects will appear as the description proceeds when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which FIG. 1 is an illustrative flow diagram of the operation of the apparatus of the present invention;  
  FIG. 2 is an exploded plan view of a blank suitably cut and scored for the formation ofa corner pad by the apparatus of the present invention:  
  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one portion of the blank shown in FIG. 2;  
  FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a finished corner pad formed by the apparatus of the present invention.  
  FIG. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of an apparatus illustrating the features of the present invention;  
  FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5;  
 and illustrating the ply feeding means and portions of the forming means: and  
  FIG. 10 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken substantially along line l0l0 in FIG. 6.  
  Referring now to the drawings. there is illustrated in FIG. 4 a corner pad which is also shown and described in my US. Pat. No. 3.5] 1.464. issued May I2. 1970. entitled Corner Pad and Blank.&#34; As illustrated. corner pad 20 comprises a plurality of plies 21. 22. 23 and 24. each of which is arranged in a trihedral angle arrangement. and then placed in contiguous. nesting relation with another ply. The plies are secured together by suitable means. such as by adhesive (FIG. 3). One of the desirable characteristics of corner pad 20 and of the apparatus of the present invention is that the corner pad can be formed with a minimum waste of material and in most instances can be formed without any waste of material.  
  One example of how the plies 21-24 ofcorner pad 20 can be formed is illustrated in FIG. 2 and. as there shown. a sheet of any suitable shock absorbent material which is sufficiently flexible to be folded while still providing the required shock absorbency. is suitably cut into four generally L-shaped portions 21&#39;. 22&#39;. 23 and 24&#39;. Due to the manner of cutting and the shape of these portions. the entire area of the sheet is utilized in the portions and there is no waste. of course. there are other ways in which the plies can be formed. as for example from a web of material instead of a sheet. from a much larger sheet. or from a narrower sheet or web of a width corresponding to the width of a single ply. Also. due to its relatively high shock absorbency and low cost. corrugated paperboard is preferred.  
  Preferably. the L-shaped portions 21&#39; 24&#39; are suitably scored at the same time that the sheet is cut to facilitate the folding of the plies 2t 24 into the trihedral angle arrangements. As illustrated in FIG. 2. the portions are scored along lines 21a. 21b. 210; 22a. 22b. 224&#34;: 23a. 23b. 23c; and 24a. 24b. 24c. This cutting and scoring step is indicated at 26 in the flow diagram of FIG. 1.  
  As stated above. one of the desirable characteristics of the present invention is that the corner pad 20 can be formed in a substantially continuous. automated manner. To this end. the cutting and scoring of the plies and the forming of the cut and scored plies into the corner pad 20 may proceed in one continuous operation. but it is also contemplated by the present invention that the plies can be cut and scored in a separate operation and suitably stored until they are desired to be formed into corner pads 20.  
  After the cutting and scoring of the plies. the same are successively fed into juxtaposed relation. as indicated at 27 in FIG. 1. Also. the adhesive 25 is applied to predetermined surfaces of certain of the plies (indicated at 30 in FIG. I) and preferably. the adhesive is applied while the plies are being fed into juxtaposed relation. Finally. the plies are formed into a corner pad 20 (indicated at 31 in FIG. 1) by forming each of the plies into a trihedral angle arrangement and then placing the thusly formed plies into contiguous. nesting relation. These steps of the method will be described in more detail in connection with the description of the illustrated embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention The apparatus. illustrated in FlGS. 5 ltl. is generally indicated at 32 and includes a suitable base 33 and front. rear. and top frame members 3-l. 35 and 36 (FIG. 6). A pair of storage means. generally indicated at -50 and 41 in FIG. 5. are supported in spaced apart relation by the frame members and are adapted to store a suitable stack 42. 43 of the plies for formation into the corner pads 20. The supply means 40. -31 are substantially identical in construction and therefore only supply means will be described in detail.  
  Supply means 40 comprises a center support member 44 which is adapted to be received within the included angle of the generally L-shape of the plies and to support the plies thereby. and side support members 45, 46 disposed on opposite sides of the center support member 44 and at a slightly lower elevation. Side support members 45. 46 are adapted to engage the ends of the legs of the generally&#39; L-shaped plies when the same are positioned in the supply means. A slide -37 is mounted on center support member M, for movement toward the forward end of the supply means 40 and is suitably biased in this direction by a weight 50 (FIG. 6) connected thereto by a line 51 which extends over a pulley 52. The stack of plies 42 is thereby urged toward the forward end of the supply means 40 so that the plies may be successively withdrawn and fed into juxtaposed relation for formation into corner pads. A plate 53 is mounted immediately in front of and ex tends between the two supply means 30 and i] and has openings 54. 55 therein at the forward ends of these supply means. respectively. through which the plies are successively delivered. Ply positioning means is provided at each of the openings 5 55 and includes a bar or plate 56 extending parallel to plate 53 and across the upper portions ofthe openings 54. 55 to engage the top portion of each ply. A pair of ply restraining pads 57. 58 are also mounted at openings 5d. 55., respectively. for engaging the lower portion of each ply. Bar 56 and pads 57. 58 are spaced from the forward surface of plate 53 a distance corresponding substantially to the thickness of one ply and are adjustably mounted to vary this spacing to accommodate plies of varying thickness. The plies are successively delivered through the open ings 54. 55 until they engage the bar 56 and one set of pads 57. 58 which position each successive ply for being fed along the plate 53 with the top portion thereof between the plate 53 and bar 56 into position to be formed into a corner pad 28.  
  The successive feeding of the plies is accomplished by feeding means 60 (FIG. 9) which comprises a slide 61 slidably mounted on a track member 62 which in turn is mounted on the front frame member 34. The slide 61 includes a pair of upstanding feeding members 63, 64 which include first portions 63a. 64:: extending upwardly at an acute angle to the vertical. and second portions 63/). 64b extending upwardly from the upper ends of first portions 630, 64a and generally perpendicular thereto. Second portions 63b. 64b extend parallel to the distal. inclined upper edges of the plies in the supply means 40 and 41. Feeding members 63, 64 also include third portions 636, 647: mounted on second portions 63!), 64b and extending therealong. The proximal edges of third portions 630. 640 are recessed from the proximal edges of second portions 6312. 6412 to form ply receiving notches which receive and hold the edge portion of the ply during feeding.  
  Ply hold back members 65. as are respectively carried by the feeding members 63, 64 for holding the plies in the supply means -30. Ail rearwardly of the plate 53 during the inactive or rearward stroke of each of the feeding members 63. Ml to prevent the feeding member from striking and damaging the plies in the supply means. Also. suitable guide rollers 67. 68 are carried by the upper ends of the feeding members 63. 64 and are received between bar 56 and a guide bar 69 mounted adjacent thereto.  
  The slide 61 is reciprocated by a suitable drive means illustrated as including a slide block 70 conected to the slide 61 and mounted for reciprocation on a track member 71. Slide block 70 is connected by a suitable link 72 to one end of a crank arm 73 (FIG. 7) which is pivotally mounted on the front frame member 34 and is connected by a link 74 to an eccentric 75 (FlG. 7) mounted on a drive shaft 76. Therefore. upon rotation of the eccentric 75. the slide 61 is reciprocated back and forth along the track member 62 and feeds successive plies from each of the supply means 40. 41 in alternation.  
  Plate 53 also has a medial opening 77 therein and forming means. generally indicated at 80 in FIG. 6. is provided between the supply means 40 and 41 at this medial opening. Forming means 80 defines a forming station and includes a female forming and nested ply receiving means 81., which is illustrated as including a cylinder 82 mounted for rotation about its longitudinal axis by mounting means 83. Mounting means 83 includes a pair of cradle members 84. 85 mounted on the top frame member 36 and having a plurality of supporting rollers 86. 87 mounted thereon which are received in grooves (not shown) in the cylinder 82 to hold the cylinder in position and prevent axial movement thereof. Cylinder 82 is rotated by drive means including a gear 90 mounted around cylinder 82, an idler gear 91 meshing with gear 90 and a drive gear 92 mounted on drive shaft 76.  
  Cylinder 82 has three plate members 93, 94. mounted therein and extending rearwardly therefrom a substantial distance. Plate members 93, 94, 95 include forward portions 93a. 94a and 95a extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder 82 and defining restraining means adapted to engage the plies adjacent the outer periphery thereof. The plate members 93, 94., 95 also include portions 93b. 94b. 95b which extend generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of cylinder 82, but which are arranged relative to each other such that they collectively define a triangle which corresponds in shape and size to the triangle of the base of each of the trihedral angle arrangements into which the plies are formed so that the thusly formed plies may be received within the space bounded by the portions 93b. 94]) and 951; within cylinder 82.  
  Forming means 80 also includes male forming means H00 which cooperates with the female forming means 81 for forming the plies into the trihedral angle arrangements. Male forming means includes a forming member 101 which is mounted for pivotal movement by a shaft 102 mounted in spaced bearings X03. Member R81 is generally C-shaped and has a lower end portion ltlllu which is adapted to strike each of the plies at a point adjacent the juncture of the edges definthe IL-al ripe and to force the e portions 9311. Win and 95a of as. ivlember lllll is biased upiirmale forming means ill by is moved downwardly by a Ell which is connected at its lower end to a no follow cooperating with a cam ill? n&#39;ionnled on drive As a ply s moved into position by the feeding means an. the some is positioned between the male forming means and the female forming means $1 with the included a facing downwardly. ln timed relation to the opera ion o he feeding means no. the male forming rnem is moved downwardly about the axis of the i to bring the portion lllllu into sharp .IOlliiltJ. with the ply and to force the ply rearwardly &#39;w&#39;rinsl the portions 3a. Q-la and a which restrain rward movement of the peripheral portions of the ply while the male forming member continues to force the central portion of the ply rearwardly which folds the ply along the score lines therein into a trihedral angle arrangement. Once the ply has been folded into the lrihedral angle arrangement. the same will slide into the area hounded by the portions 93b. 94b and 9512 within the cylinder fl? and will be forced rearwardly within area until the same is brought into contiguous nesting re ationship with the previously formed ply. The male forming member lllll is then withdrawn by the spring to permit the next ply to be moved into position for formation.  
  we a &#34;&#39;udc of at least one ply in each corner pad is varied relative to the other plies so that the edges ofthis l.-sliaperl ply which abut when the ply is formed into a dihedra a e arrangement will be out of registry with the abutting edges of the other plies. in the illustrated embodiment. this i1; accomplished by rotating cylinder ing the ream.  
 one-th&#39;&#34; of a revolution during the formation of each ply so nail the abutting e &#34;ges of adjacent plies are out of registrv.  
  PreLr-raldy. adhe ive is applied to predetermined surfaces of certain of the piles to secure the plies together to maintain the same in contiguous nesting relationship and so that they define a collective trihedral angle arrangement. To this end. adhesive applying means and l l arr: disposed between the respective supply means r l and and the forming means 8t). As illustrated. in sive applying means lid and ill include spraying her i121. for spraying adhesive ofa suit able type. preferably hot melt adhesive but other types may be used. onto the forwardly facing surfaces of cermin of the plies. The spraying heads illlZ, 113 are connected by suitable pipes ll l, lid to a suitable pressur- 2 of adhesive. and are preferably constructed 1y adhesive onto the plies in two vertically a; {as seen in 3) as the plies are fed past heads.  
  The spin heads ill 2. are controlled by means of solenoids ll? which have suitable wiring extending m a control Preferably. this control aeration of adhesive to the plies 1e application of adhesive controls the nncr of plies in the corner pad being formed e. if the corner pad is to be oftwolion. adhesive would be applied only to ald past the spraying heads l 12, 113. if the &#34;r le ized sour so as to a spaced the spra means crniiiols the appl in such .r-iuner than corner pad is to be of three-ply construction. adhesive would be applied to two successive plies and the third ply would not have any adhesive applied thereto. This would be true for any number of plies. with adhesive being applied to a number of successive plies equal to one less than the number of plies desired to be included in the corner pad. Of course. the foregoing statements apply only to the application of adhesive to one surface of the ply. but a suitable sequence of adhesive application to both sides or the like and controls therefor will be readily apparent to a workman in this field.  
 The control means for the spraying heads 112. 113  
 includes a control panel (FIG. 7 having a selector knob 121 having four (4) illustrated positions 121a. l2lb. l2lc and 121d. The control means also includes control switches 122, 123. 124., 125. 126. 127 and 128 (FIG. 10) which are selected by rotation of the knob 121 and which are controlled by suitable cams 130 134 which are driven by a chain and sprocket drive system from the drive shaft 76. By rotating the cams at different speeds. by utilizing sprockets of different sizes and by having different configurations therefor. the timing and interval of actuation of the various switches and hence the spraying heads 112, 113 can be controlled rclative to the feed of the plies to control the adhesive application in the desired manner set forth above.  
  After formation into the trihedral angle arrangements and the placement into contiguous. nesting relationship. the nested plies are forced rearwardly within the space between the portions 93b. 94b. 95b of plate members 93. 94. 95 by the addition of newly formed plies to the forward end of the space. The time interval required for the nested plies to move from the forward end of this space to the rearward end thereof is ample for the adhesive to become set. or dry as the case may be. and the nested plies exit from this space as finished corner pads 20 (FlG. 5). Preferably. conveyor means 135 (FIGS. 5 and 6) is provided beneath the rearward end of plate members 93. 94 and 95 for receiving and conveying the finished corner pads away from the machine for use or packaging.  
  it is therefore believed apparent that the present invention provides a novel apparatus for forming corner pads whereby the corner pads may be formed in a substantially continuous. automated manner and with little or no waste of material and at a considerably higher rate of production than has heretofore been possible.  
  In the drawings and specification there have been set forth the preferred embodiments of the invention. and although specific terms are employed. they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.  
 That which is claimed is:  
  1. Apparatus for forming a corner pad for protecting the corners of furniture or the like utilizing a plurality of plies. each of which is adapted to be folded into a trihedral angle arrangement with two edges being brought into abutting relation. said apparatus comprising.  
 forming means adapted to receive the plies one at a time and for successively forming the plies into trihedral angle arrangements and for successively placing the formed plies in contiguous. nesting relationship with the attitude of selected plies being varied so that the abutting edges of the plies are out of registry. and  
  7 means operatively associated with said forming means for applying adhesive to at least one of the contiguous surfaces of adjacent plies to secure the nested plies together to maintain the same in a collective trihedral angle arrangement.  
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1 including feeding means adapted to successively receive the plies and operatively associated with said forming means for feeding the plies one at a time and in succession to said forming means.  
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2 including storage means positioned in spaced relation to said forming means and operatively associated with said feeding means for storing a stack of the plies and for delivering the same one at a time to said feeding means.  
  4. Apparatus for forming a corner pad for protecting the corners of furniture or the like utilizing a plurality of generally L-shaped plies. each of which is adapted to be folded into a trihedral angle arrangement in which the edges defining the included angle of the L-shape are brought into abutting relation. said apparatus comprising storage means for storing a stack of the plies in juxtaposed relation. feeding means operatively associated with said storage means for withdrawing the plies one at a time from said storage means and for feeding the same in succession along a predetermined path of travel.  
 means disposed adjacent said feeding means for applying adhesive to predetermined surfaces of cer tain of the plies as they are being fed by said feeding means. and  
 forming means operatively associated with said feeding means for successively receiving the plies therefrom and for successively forming the plies into trihedral angle arrangements and for successively placing the formed plies in contiguous. nesting relationship so that the adhesive on the surfaces of the certain plies is brought into contact with the contiguous surfaces of the adjacent plies to secure the plies together and maintain the same in a collective trihedral angle arrangement.  
  5. Apparatus according to claim 4 whereinn said forming means comprises male forming means adapted to strike each ply at a point adjacent the juncture of the edges defining the included angle of the L-shape. and female forming and nested ply receiving means adapted to engage each ply adjacent its periphery for cooperating with the male forming means in the forming of the ply into the trihedral angle arrangement and for receiving the thusly formed ply therein in contiguous. nesting relationship with previously formed plies.  
  6. Apparatus according to claim 5 including means mounting said female forming and nested ply receiving means for rotation. and means for rotating said female forming and nested ply receiving means a fraction of a revolution in timed relation to the operation of said male forming means to vary the attitude of at least one ply in each corner pad relative to the other plies so that the abutting edges thereof are out of registry with the abutting edges of the other plies.  
  7. Apparatus according to claim 6 including means operatively associated with said female forming and nested ply receiving means for withdrawing completed corner pads therefrom.  
  8. An apparatus for continuously forming corner pads useful in protecting the corners of furniture or the like and utilizing a plurality of plies. each of which is adapted to be folded into a trihedral angle arrangement. said apparatus comprising a forming station.  
 means for sequentially feeding individual plies along a predetermined path of travel and delivering the same to said forming station.  
 means for applying adhesive to only certain selected plies while the plies are being fed along saaid path of travel. and  
 means for successively forming the plies received at said forming station into said trihedral angle arrangement and for successively placing the formed plies into a contiguous nesting relationship. whereby those plies having adhesive applied thereto become interconnected to the adjacent ply to maintain the same in such contiguous nesting relationship and form a unitary corner pad. and those plies not having adhesive applied thereto define the interface between the formed corner pads.