Benzo(b)thiophene derivatives
This is a division, of application Ser. No. 419,305 filed Nov. 27, 1973, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,907,826. 
    
    
     The present invention further relates to the processes for the preparation of these derivatives and to the salts of these compounds with physiologically acceptable inorganic and organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, etc., and the quaternary ammonium compounds. 
     Among the known analgesic antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory preparations in wide use today are phenylbutazone, azapropazone, acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin. Individually, however, each of these preparations is not efficient as an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory. Phenylbutazone, for example, is highly effective as an anti-inflammatory, but shows little or no antipyretic properties. 
     It is the object of this invention to disclose a broad group of novel chemical compounds which show concurrent analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. 
     In detail, the compounds of the present invention are marked by the fact that they are prepared according to the following procedures: ##SPC2## 
     In the above procedure a thiosalicylic acid of the general formula II, in which R 4  represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, and Y represents a halogen or hydrogen, is transformed into the corresponding benzo(b)thiophene isomeric derivatives of formula I by reaction with the imidates or amidines of the general formula III, or with the salts thereof as shown by the general formula III a. In formulas I, III and III a, A represents a hydrogen atom or a phenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or a lower alkoxy group; B represents a radical of the formula OR&#39; or NR 2  R 3 , wherein R&#39; is an alkyl radical of 1 to 5 carbons which may be substituted with hydroxy, lower alkoxy, phenyl or phenoxy groups or a cycloalkyl or phenyl group, which may be substituted by lower alkoxy or halogen atoms; R 2  and R 3 , which may be identical or different, represent, if identical, hydrogen, alkyl radicals of 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted by hydroxy, lower alkoxy, phenoxy, diloweralkylamino, or phenyl groups; or, if R 2  is hydrogen, R 3  represents either a hydroxyl or an amino group which may be substituted by lower alkyl, dialkyl, alkylidene, phenyl or acyl groups or a lower alkyl group which may be substituted by hydroxy, lower alkoxy, phenoxy, dialkylamino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, or morpholino groups; R 3  further is a cycloalkyl or phenyl group which may be substituted by a halogen or a lower alkoxy radical; or R 2  and R 3  together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached may form an aziridine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine or piperazine ring which may be substituted by lower alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, phenylalkyl, phenyl or acetyl groups; or A and B together with the C=N group may form a 5, 6, or 7-membered heterocyclic ring. X represents the anion of an inorganic or organic acid. 
     In a preferred group of compounds according to formula I, Y is hydrogen or chloro; A is hydrogen, phenyl, methoxyphenyl, chlorophenyl; B is a radical of the formula OR&#39; or NR 2  R 3  wherein R&#39; is an alkyl radical of 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted by hydroxy, lower alkoxy or phenoxy groups or a cyclohexyl, phenyl, methoxyphenyl or chlorophenyl radical; R 2  and R 3 , which may be identical or different, represent, if identical, hydrogen, alkyl radicals of 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted by hydroxy, lower alkoxy, phenoxy, dilower=alkylamino, or phenyl groups; or, if R 2  is hydrogen, R 3  represents either a hydroxyl or an amino group which may be substituted by lower alkyl, diloweralkyl, alkylidene, phenyl, formyl, lower alkanoyl, benzoyl, pyridyl-carbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl or a lower alkyl group which may be substituted by hydroxy, lower alkoxy, phenoxy, diloweralkylamino, pyrrolidino, piperidino, or morpholino groups; R 3  further represents cycloalkyl of 5 to 7 carbon atoms or a phenyl group which may be substituted by chloro or a lower alkoxy radical; or R 2  and R 3  together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form an aziridine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine or piperazine ring which may be substituted by lower alkyl, hydroxyloweralkyl, phenylloweralkyl, phenyl or acetyl groups; or A and B together with the C=N group may form a 5, 6 or 7-membered N-heterocyclic ring. 
     In the group of the most preferred compounds according to formula I, Y and A are both hydrogen atoms, R&#39; is a lower alkyl or alkoxy-alkyl group containing up to 5 carbon atoms, R 2  is hydrogen and R 3  is a dialkylaminoalkyl group containing up to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms or a pyrrolidinoethyl, piperidinoethyl, or morpholinoethyl group. 
     The reaction is carried out in the presence of either an alkali metal, alkali metal hydride, alkoxide, hydroxide, or carbonate, and a suitable solvent. Among the solvents that have been found to be suitable are water, lower alcohols, benzene, toluene, xylene, dioxane, tetrahydrofurane, and dimethylsulfoxide. 
     The reaction is further carried out at temperatures of 20°-150°C, preferably at 60°-80°C, with the reaction times being between 30 minutes and several hours in length. 
     Following this procedure, it is not necessary to use the imidates or amidines of formula III in substance; the solutions employed for the preparation of the specific imidates or amidines may be used directly. 
     The compounds prepared according to this procedure may be further transformed into physiologically acceptable salts following recognized pharmaceutical protocols. 
     According to a second procedure: ##SPC3## 
     compounds of the general formula I b can also be obtained by reacting compounds of the general formula I a with amines of the general formula IV without a solvent or in a suitable solvent such as water, a lower alcohol, dimethylformamide, or dimethylsulfoxide, or in an excess of amine of the formula IV at temperatures from 0° to 150°C, preferably at 20°-70°C. A, Y, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3  have the meanings given in the first procedure above. 
     The compounds prepared according to this procedure may be further transformed into physiologically acceptable salts following recognized pharmaceutical protocols. 
     According to a third procedure: ##SPC4## 
     compounds of the formula Ia or Ia&#39; may reciprocally be converted into each other by transesterification with alcohols of the formula R 1   &#39;  OH or R 1  OH with an exchange between R 1  and R 1   &#39;  taking place and R 1   &#39;  having the meaning stated for R 1 . Y, A, and R 1  have the meanings given above. 
     The properties of the new compounds and their methods of preparation under the three procedures outlined above are demonstrated by the following examples which are to illustrate, but not limit the present invention. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Methyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiopene-2-Carboximidate 
     a. A solution of 0.46 g (0.02 mol) of sodium in 150 ml of methanol is mixed with 15.1 g (0.2 mol) of chloroacetonitrile and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. This mixture is added dropwise to a solution of 33.6 g (0.2 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate and 4.6 g. (0.2 mol) of sodium in 200 ml of methanol. The mixture thus obtained is heated under reflux for 30 minutes, poured into water, and the precipitate filtered off. Recrystallization from ethyl acetate/acetone solution yields 30.2 g of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 201°C. 
     b. A solution of 0.46 g (0.02 mol) of sodium in 150 ml. of methanol is mixed with 15.1 g (0.2 mol) of chloroacetonitrile and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. This mixture is added dropwise to a solution of 33.6 g (0.2 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate and 11.2 g (0.2 mol) of potassium hydroxide in 200 ml of water. The mixture thus obtained is heated under reflux for 2 hours, diluted with water, and the precipitate is recrystallized from ethyl acetate/acetone solution. 
     c. A solution of 23 g (1 mol) of sodium in 1 l of anhydrous methanol is mixed with 84 g (0.5 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate while stirring. This is then mixed with 79 g (0.5 mol) of ethyl chloro-acetimidate hydrochloride and heated under reflux for 10 hours. The sodium chloride precipitate is filtered off and the desired product isolated by evaporation (yield: 73 g, m.p. 201°C). 
     The compound obtained in either of the three protocols above is, based upon the melting point of 201°C, of the same purity. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Ethyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-Carboximidate 
     a. This compound is prepared as described in Example 1 (a) using ethanol instead of methanol. Yield is 30 g of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 194°C. 
     b. The reaction described in Example 1 (c) is repeated using anhydrous ethanol instead of methanol to obtain the compound stated above. 
     c. 33.6 g of methyl thiosalicylate are dissolved in 400 ml of anhydrous dioxane. Adding 9.6 g of sodium hydride in a 50 per cent oil suspension yield the sodium salt, precipitated as a yellow, voluminous precipitate. A solution of 24.3 g of ethyl chloroacetimidate in 200 ml of anhydrous dioxane is added dropwise to this suspension while stirring, and the mixture is heated to 70° for 2 hours. It is then poured into water and the product isolated by filtration. 
     The compound obtained in either of the three protocols above is, based upon the melting point of 194°C, of the same purity. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     Propyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzol[b]Thiophene-2-Carboximidate 
     16.8 g (0.1 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate are added dropwise to a solution of 4.6 g (0.2 mol) of sodium in 400 ml of anhydrous n-propanol. To this mixture 17.2 g (0.1 mol) of propyl chloroacetimidate hydrochloride are slowly added and the resultant mixture is heated under reflux for 6 hours. The reaction mixture is evaporated under vacuum and the residue distributed between water and dichloromethane. The organic phase is dried, evaporated, and the residue recrystallized from ethyl acetate/diisopropylether solution to yield 6.2 g of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 185°C. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     Isopropyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-Carboximidate 
     20 g of methyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 1) are heated under reflux in 500 ml of isopropanol for three days. The methanol being formed is constantly distilled off by passing through a stream of nitrogen. Evaporation to dryness and recrystallization of the residue from ethyl acetate yields yellow crystals with an m.p. of 208°C. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     n-Butyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-Carboximidate 
     A solution of 12 g of methyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 1) in 300 m. of anhydrous n-butanol is heated under reflux for 4 hours and then concentrated to yield upon crystallization from ethyl acetate solution yellow crystals having an m.p. of 185°C. 
     The compounds of the general formula I listed in table I can be prepared in the same manner as described in Examples 1-5. In the formula, A would represent hydrogen, and B would represent --O--R 1 . R 1  would be derived from the corresponding alcohols as it was in Examples 1-5. 
     
                       TABLE I                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Example                                                                   
       R.sub.1         m.p. (°C)                                   
                                solvent                                   
______________________________________                                    
6      C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                   
                       198      ethyl-methyl-                             
                                ketone                                    
        ##STR1##       200      ethyl acetate                             
8                                                                         
        ##STR2##       211-212  ethyl acetate                             
9      CH.sub.2C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                                          
                       211-212  ethyl acetate                             
10     CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3                                          
                       143-144  ethyl acetate/                            
                                petroleum ether                           
11     CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                   
                       114-116  ethyl acetate/                            
                                petroleum ether                           
12     CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   
                       169-171  ethyl acetate/                            
                                petroleum ether                           
13     CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                            
                       155-157  ethanol                                   
14     CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                    
                       160-161  ethyl acetate                             
15     CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH                                                 
                       169      acetone                                   
16     CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH                                         
                       178      acetone/dioxane                           
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     EXAMPLE 17 
     2-Amidino-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene 
     a. To a solution of 8.7 g (0.38 mol) of sodium in 350 ml of methanol are added first 32.1 g (0.19 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate and then 25 g (0.19 mol) of 2-chloroacetamidine-hydrochloride. After heating under reflux for 4 hours, and evaporation under vacuum, the residue is dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid. After extraction with ether the aqueous phase is alkalized, and the residue filtered and recrystallized from an ethanol/water solvent solution. 32.9 g of yellow crystals are obtained with an m.p. of 249°C (decomp.). 
     b. 3 g of methyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 1) in 100 ml of concentrated aqueous ammonia solution and 10 ml of methanol are stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. The precipitate is filtered and recrystallized from ethyl acetate/isopropanol solvent solution yielding 2.5 g of yellow crystals. 
     c. 3 g of methyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 1) are dissolved in 100 ml of methanol and heated under reflux for 10 hours while bubbling a stream of ammonia through the mixture. The residue obtained after evaporation of the solvent is recrystallized from ethyl acetate/isopropanol solvent solution yielding 2.5 g of yellow crystals. 
     The compound obtained in either of the protocols above is, based upon the melting point of 249°C, of the same purity. 
     EXAMPLE 18 
     2-(N-Ethyl-Amidino)-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene 
     a. To a solution of 6.4 g (0.28 mol) of sodium in 400 ml of methanol first 23.6 g (0.14 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate, then 22 g (0.14 mol) of N-ethyl-2-chloroacetamidine-hydrochloride are added and the mixture is heated under reflux for 6 hours. Further processing is according to Example 17 a. Yield upon recrystallization from an ethyl acetate/isopropanol solution is 13 g of yellow crystals having an m.p. of 196°C. 
     b. 3 g of ethyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 2) are heated under reflux for 10 hours in 20 g of 33% aqueous ethylamine solution. The residue obtained after evaporation is recrystallized from an ethyl acetate/isopropanol solution and yields 2 g of the product. 
     The compounds obtained above are, based upon the melting point of 196°C, of the same purity. 
     EXAMPLE 19 
     2-(N-Amino-Amidino)-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene 
     A solution of 21 g of methyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboximidate (Example 1) in 250 ml of methanol is mixed with 10 g of 100% hydrazine hydrate and heated under reflux for 1.5 hours. Subsequently the mixture is cooled in an ice bath, the precipitate filtered and recrystallized from diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether solution to yield 19.4 g of yellow crystals having an m.p. of 242°C (decomp.). 
     The compounds listed in Table II can be prepared in the same manner as described in Examples 17-19. (In formula I, A would represent hydrogen). 
     
                                           TABLE II                                
__________________________________________________________________________
Example                                                                   
     B                m.p.(°C)                                     
                           solvent                                        
__________________________________________________________________________
20   N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2                                             
                      166  ethanol/water                                  
21   NHC.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                   
                      273  methanol                                       
22   NHC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                    
                      223  isopropanol                                    
23   NHCH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                            
                      228-9                                               
                           ethanol/water                                  
24   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                                    
                      171-2                                               
                           ethyl acetate                                  
25                                                                        
      ##STR3##        198  methanol                                       
26                                                                        
      ##STR4##        265-7                                               
                           dimethylforma- mide                            
27                                                                        
      ##STR5##        173  ethyl acetate/ isopropanol                     
28                                                                        
      ##STR6##        171  isopropanol                                    
29   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                  
                      234  ethanol                                        
30   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2                           
                      133  ethyl acetate/                                 
                           petroleum ether                                
31   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2N(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                  
                      172,5                                               
                           ethyl acetate/                                 
                           isopropanol                                    
32                                                                        
      ##STR7##        265  ethanol                                        
33                                                                        
      ##STR8##        270  ethanol                                        
34                                                                        
      ##STR9##        253-5                                               
                           ethanol                                        
35                                                                        
      ##STR10##       280  ethanol                                        
36   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2                           
                      115-6                                               
                           ethyl acetate                                  
37   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2OH                                                 
                      242  dimethylforma-                                 
                           mide/water                                     
38   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.3                                          
                      194  isopropanol                                    
39   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2OC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                   
                      150  ethyl acetate                                  
40   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3OCH.sub.3                                          
                      165  isopropanol                                    
41   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3OC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                   
                      127  ethyl acetate                                  
42   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3OCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                
                      129  ethyl acetate                                  
43   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3OC.sub.4 H.sub.9                                   
                      133  ethyl acetate                                  
44   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3OCH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                      137  ethyl acetate                                  
45   NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   
                      146-7                                               
                           isopropanol                                    
46   N(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OC.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2                            
                      145-7                                               
                           methanol                                       
47   NHC.sub.6 H.sub.4OCH.sub.3 (p)                                       
                      224-5                                               
                           ethanol/acetone                                
48                                                                        
      ##STR11##       119  water                                          
49                                                                        
      ##STR12##       273  ethanol                                        
50                                                                        
      ##STR13##       267  ethanol                                        
51                                                                        
      ##STR14##       183-4                                               
                           isopropanol                                    
52                                                                        
      ##STR15##       165-6                                               
                           isopropanol                                    
53                                                                        
      ##STR16##       150-1                                               
                           ethyl acetate/ tetrahydrofurane                
54   NHOH             192  methanol                                       
55   NHNHC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                  
                      220  acetonitril/di-                                
                           methylformamide                                
56   NHN(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                  
                      249  acetone/iso-                                   
                           propanol                                       
57                                                                        
      ##STR17##       253  acetone                                        
58   NHNC(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                                 
                      240  methanol                                       
59                                                                        
      ##STR18##       316  methanol                                       
60                                                                        
      ##STR19##       299-301                                             
                           dimethylformamide/ water                       
61                                                                        
      ##STR20##       318-320                                             
                           ethanol                                        
62   NHNHCOH          227-8                                               
                           methanol                                       
63   NHNHCOCH.sub.3   220  ethanol                                        
64   NHNHCOC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                                
                      304  methanol                                       
65   NHNHCOCC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                               
                      330  ethanol                                        
66   N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3                                             
                      185  isopropanol                                    
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     EXAMPLE 67 
     2-(N,N&#39;-Diphenyl-Amidino)-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene 
     A solution of 2.3 g (0.1 mol) of sodium in 150 ml of methanol is mixed with 16.8 g (0.1 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate and then a solution of 24.4 g (0.1 mol) of N,N&#39;-diphenyl-2-chloroacetamidine in 250 ml of methanol is added. After heating under reflux for 1 hour, the mixture is poured into ice water and the precipitate filtered and recrystallized from an ethanol/water solution to yield 26.5 g of yellow needles having an m.p. of 152°-153°C. 
     EXAMPLE 68 
     2-(N,N&#39;-Bis-p-Ethoxyphenyl-Amidino)-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene 
     5.2 g of methyl thiosalicylate are reacted as in Example 67 with 1.4 g of sodium and 12.7 g of N,N&#39;-bis(p-ethoxy-phenyl)-2-chloro-acetamidine-nitrate in 300 ml of anhydrous ethanol. After recrystallization from methanol/water 12.3 g of yellow crystals are obtained which sinter to a glassy mass at a temperature of 87°-90°C and melt at 118°-122°C. 
     EXAMPLE 69 
     2-(N-Phenyl-N&#39;-Diethyl-Amidino)-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-Hydrochloride 
     16.8 g of methyl thiosalicylate are reacted as in Example 67 with 6.9 g of sodium and 31.5 g of N,N-diethyl-N&#39;-phenyl-2-chloro-acetamidine-oxalate in 700 ml of anhydrous methanol. After the reaction is completed, the product is evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue distributed between water and dichloromethane. The organic phase is dried and evaporated, and the oily residue dissolved in ethyl acetate and transformed into the hydrochloride by the introduction of hydrogen chloride. Yield upon purification from an ethanol/isopropanol solution is 10 g having an m.p. of 232°C. 
     EXAMPLE 70 
     Phenyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-N-Phenyl-Carboximidate 
     Following the protocol of Example 67, 9 g of yellow needles are obtained from reacting 21.8 g of methyl thiosalicylate, 6 g of sodium, and 32.1 g of phenyl N-phenyl-chloroacetimidate in 300 ml of methanol. These have an m.p. of 146°-147°C and are recrystallized from an ethyl acetate/diisopropylether solution. 
     EXAMPLE 71 
     P-Methoxy-Phenyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-N-Phenyl-Carboximidate 
     A solution of 16.8 g (0.1 mol) of methyl thiosalicylate in 100 ml of anhydrous dioxane is added dropwise to a suspension of 4.8 g (0.1 mol) of sodium hydride (50% oil suspension) in 300 ml of anhydrous dioxane while stirring. The sodium salt of the methyl thiosalicylate separates as a yellow, voluminous precipitate. To this suspension is added dropwise a solution of 27.5 g (0.1 mol) of p-methoxy-phenyl N-phenyl-chloroacetimidate in 80 ml of anhydrous dioxane, the mixture is then heated to 70°C for 1 hour and evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue is mixed with water and extracted with dichloromethane. After evaporation of the dried organic phase a residue remains which is recrystallized from ethyl acetate/diisopropylether solution. Analysis of the product shows: Yield: 8.1 g of yellow crystals, m.p. 145°C. 
     EXAMPLE 72 
     P-Chloro-Phenyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-N-Phenyl-Carboximidate 
     Preparation follows the protocol of Example 71 using 28 g of p-chloro-phenyl N-phenyl-chloroacetimidate instead of p-methoxy-phenyl N-phenyl-chloroacetimidate. Analysis of the product when crystallized from an ethyl acetate/diisopropyl ether shows: Yield: 5.4 g of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 138°C. 
     EXAMPLE 73 
     Ethyl 3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-N-Phenyl-Carboximidate 
     Following the protocol of Example 67, 17 g of ethyl N-phenyl-chloroacetimidate and 15 g of methyl thiosalicylate are reacted with 4 g of sodium in anhydrous ethanol. Crystallization from ethanol yields 17 g of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 80°-81°C. 
     EXAMPLE 74 
     Ethyl 5-Chloro-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-Carboximidate 
     This compound is prepared as described in Example 2a using methyl 5-chloro-thiosalicylate instead of methyl thiosalicylate. Crystallization from acetone/ethanol solution yields yellow crystals with an m.p. of 236°C. 
     EXAMPLE 75 
     Ethyl 6-Chloro-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene-2-Carboximidate 
     Reacting methyl 4-chloro-thiosalicylate according to the procedures of Example 2a yields the desired compound. Recrystallization from acetone/ethanol solution yields a product in the form of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 226°C. 
     EXAMPLE 76 
     2-(2&#39;-Imidazolin-2&#39;-yl)-3-Hydroxy-Benzo[b]Thiophene 
     a. To a solution of 2.3 g (0.1 mol) of sodium in 250 ml of anhydrous methanol are added 15.4 g (0.1 mol) of thiosalicylic acid, 15.5 g (0.1 mol) of 2-chloromethylimidazoline-hydrochloride, and the mixture is heated under reflux for 6 hours. After evaporation under reduced pressure, dissolution of the residue in methanol water solution, and mixing with ammonia, the yellow precipitate (6 g) is filtered off and recrystallized from n-propanol/dimethylformamide solution to yield the product having an m.p. of 304°C (decomp.). 
     1. 11.2 g of 2-(2-imidazolinyl-methyl-thio)-benzoic acid hydrochloride, m.p. 175° (crystallized from isopropanol solution) are obtained by evaporating the aqueous - alkaline filtrate, mixing the residue with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and filtering the colorless precipitate. Heating above the melting point causes cyclisation to the title compound with the splitting off of a water and hydrogen chloride molecules. 
     b. A solution of 15.5 g (0.075 mol) of methyl 3-hydroxy-benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 1) is slowly dropped into a boiling solution of 18 g (0.3 mol) of ethylene-diamine in 10 ml of methanol. The mixture is kept boiling for 2 hours, then cooled in an ice bath and the precipitate filtered. Recrystallization from dimethylformamide/water solution yields 7.4 g of yellow crystals with an m.p. of 304°C. 
     The compounds listed in Table III can be produced in a similar manner to Example 76. 
     
                       TABLE III                                                   
______________________________________                                    
 ##STR21##                                                                
Ex.  Z                  m.p. °C                                    
                                solvent                                   
______________________________________                                    
77                                                                        
      ##STR22##         280     ethanol/water                             
78                                                                        
      ##STR23##         246     ethyl acetate/  isopropanol               
79                                                                        
      ##STR24##         233     ethyl acetate                             
80                                                                        
      ##STR25##         &gt;300    methanol                                  
81                                                                        
      ##STR26##         301-3   methanol                                  
82                                                                        
      ##STR27##         &gt;250    dimethylforma-   mide/water               
83                                                                        
      ##STR28##         290     methyl-ethyl-  ketone/dimethyl-   formamid
                                e                                         
84                                                                        
      ##STR29##         240-2   acetone                                   
85                                                                        
      ##STR30##         194-6   ethanol                                   
86                                                                        
      ##STR31##         216-7   acetone                                   
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     The Benzo[b]thiophenes and their pharmaceutically usable salts prepared according to the invention exhibit novel and valuable pharmacological properties. They especially exhibit anti-inflammatory effects with a resultant low toxicity and with the absence of the typical ulcerating effect on the mucous membranes of the digestive tract as found resulting from many commercially available anti-inflammatory ingredients. 
     To show the utility and safety of the compounds of the invention when used for their anti-inflammatory properties, the following series of tests were performed. 
     PHARMACOLOGICAL RESULTS 
     The compound, ethyl-3-hydroxy-benzo(b)thiophene-2-carboximidate (Example 2) is chosen as a typical representative of the group of benzo[b]thiophenes, although results on other compounds of this invention also appear. This substance has pharmacological properties similar to those known as active anti-inflammatory preparations with analgesic and antipyretic properties, such as phenylbutazone (4-n-Butyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-dioxo-pyrazolidine), azapropazone (3-Dimethylamino-7-methyl-1,2-(n-propylmalonyl)-1,2-dihydro-1,2-benzotriazine-dihydrate), acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), and indomethacin (1-(p-Chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetic acid). 
     In order to show the superiority of these novel compounds over that of the known anti-inflammatory preparation, the following pharmacological tests were carried out on both the novel compounds and the four known preparations above. A comparison of the results obtained shows the superiority of the compounds according to this invention. 
     A. acute toxicity: 
     experimental animals are male mice (NMRI) weighing 16 to 24 g and male rats (SIV 50) weighing 120 to 180 g. 
     Prior to the beginning of the test, all animals are kept fasting for 16 to 18 hours, however water is offered ad libitum. 6 mice and 4 or 6 rats belonged to each dosage group and the doses between each group are increased logarithmically. The volume of liquid administered during testing amounted to 2 ml/100 g body weight. The substances tested are suspended in 1 percent Tragacanth mucilage and administered intragastrically via a gastric tube. 
     The results based upon the LD50 for the compounds tested are tabulated below. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Acute Toxicity In Mice and Rats                                           
Animal                                                                    
    Substance                                                             
             Route of                                                     
                     LD.sub.50                                            
                           Confidence Limits                              
             Administration                                               
                     mg/kg In mg/kg                                       
                           p = 0.05                                       
                           lower                                          
                                upper                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
Mouse                                                                     
    Example 2                                                             
             i.g.    3.890 3.268                                          
                                4.62g                                     
Mouse                                                                     
    Indomethacin                                                          
             i.g.    &lt;10   --   --                                        
Mouse                                                                     
    Azapropazone                                                          
             i.g.    ca.3.000                                             
                     - 5.000                                              
                           --   --                                        
Mouse                                                                     
    Phenylbutazone                                                        
             i.g.    714   517.3                                          
                                985.3                                     
Mouse                                                                     
    Acetylsalicylic                                                       
             i.g.    1.878 1.433                                          
                                2.460                                     
    Acid                                                                  
Rat Example 2                                                             
             i.g.    4.000 --   --                                        
Rat Indomethacin                                                          
             i.g.    20-30 --   --                                        
Rat Azapropazone                                                          
             i.g.    ca.3.000                                             
                     - 6.000                                              
                           --   --                                        
Rat Phenylbutazone                                                        
             i.g.    598   524.5                                          
                                681.7                                     
Rat Acetylsalicylic                                                       
             i.g.    2.065 1.298                                          
                                3.283                                     
    Acid                                                                  
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     B. yeast edema and determination of pain threshold: 
     test animals are male rats (SIV 50) weighing 100 to 180 g. All animals are kept fasting for 16 to 18 hours prior to the beginning of the test, however, water is offered adlibitum. 10 animals belonged to each dosage group. The volume of liquid administered during testing amounted to 2 ml/100 g body weight. The substances tested are suspended in 1 percent Tragacanth mucilage and administered intragastrically via a gastric tube. 
     The volume of the paw is determined according to the method described by Enders and Heidbrink, the pain threshold according to that described by Randall and Selitto (Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn CXI: 409, 1957). 
     Following initial measurements, 0.05 mole of a 5% suspension of dried yeast is injected subplantarly into the right paw and the test substances are administered immediately. The blank control group is given Tragacanth mucilage only. After 3 hours the pain threshold and the volume of the paw are determined again. 
     The mean value of the increase in paw volume of the animals of the blank control after 3 hours is rated 100%, and the mean value of the increase in paw volume of the animals of the substance groups expressed as a percentage thereof. Pain threshold after 3 hours reflects the increase or decrease in percent, compared to the initial value. 
     In order to be able to calculate the ED 50  according to the method by Lichtfield and Wilcoxon (J.P.E.T. 96:99, 1949), those animals in a dose group are considered protected when the paw swelling was at least 40% less than that of the blank control. 
     The results based upon both increase in paw volume and pain threshold for the materials tested are tabulated below. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Influence of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,                        
Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, and Acetylsalicylic Acid                    
on the Yeast Edema of the Rat Paw                                         
Substance                                                                 
         Dose  Volume                                                     
                     Pain Threshold                                       
                              Number of                                   
         mg/kg %              Animals                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
Tragacanth                                                                
         --    100   -17      100                                         
Example 2                                                                 
         31.2  77    +10      10                                          
Example 2                                                                 
         62.5  50    +46      10                                          
Example 2                                                                 
         125.0 35    + 5      10                                          
Indomethacin                                                              
         5.0   131   -22      10                                          
Indomethacin                                                              
         20.0  108   +11      10                                          
Phenylbutazone                                                            
         150.0 74    - 9      10                                          
Phenylbutazone                                                            
         300.0 67    + 3      10                                          
Azapropazone                                                              
         250.0 98    + 6      10                                          
Azapropazone                                                              
         400.0 100   -52      10                                          
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
         150.0 134   - 6      10                                          
Acid                                                                      
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
         300.0 81    -15      10                                          
Acid                                                                      
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     C. carrageenin edema: 
     test animals used are the same as stated under Example B and up to the initial measurement, the procedure corresponded to that described under this example. 
     After an initial measurement, the test substances are administered and after 60 minutes a 1% Carrageenin suspension is injected subplantarly (0.1 ml/paw). After 60 and 180 minutes the paw volume is again determined. Here, too, the blank control group was treated with the carrier alone. 
     The increase in the volume of the paw after 60 minutes is considered as the first phase of the biphase edema and that after 180 minutes, as compared to the 60-minute-value, as the second phase. Moreover, the total increase of the paw edema within 180 minutes, as compared to the initial value, is also determined. 
     Determination of the influence exerted by the substances upon the development of the paw edema and calculation of the ED 50  are done as under Example B. 
     The results showing the effects of the materials tested upon the biphase edema are tabulated below: 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Influence of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,                        
Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, and Acetylsalicylic                         
Acid on the Carrageenin Edema of the Rat Paw                              
Substance Dose  1st Phase                                                 
                       2nd Phase                                          
                               3 Hrs.                                     
          mg/kg %      %       %                                          
__________________________________________________________________________
Example 2 62.5  65     73     62                                          
Example 2 125.0 65     27     42                                          
Example 2 250.0 29     20     25                                          
Indomethacin                                                              
          1.0   65     80     73                                          
Indomethacin                                                              
          5.0   80     73     73                                          
Phenylbutazone                                                            
          60.0  114    52     77                                          
Phenylbutazone                                                            
          150.0 81     15     38                                          
Azapropazone                                                              
          100.0 72     50     63                                          
Azapropazone                                                              
          400.0 79     21     55                                          
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
          100.0 83     114    96                                          
Acid                                                                      
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
          200.0 95     60     76                                          
Acid                                                                      
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     D. kaolin edema: 
     test animals used are the same as stated under Example B and up to the beginning of the test, the procedure corresponded to that described under this example. 
     After an initial measurement, a sterile 25% kaolin suspension was injected (0.05 ml/paw) subplantarly. The test substances are administered immediately, and after 60, 120, and 180 minutes the paw volume is again determined. 
     Evaluation of the tests was performed as stated under Example C, and the results so obtained presented below: 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Influence of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,                        
Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, and Acetylsalicylic                         
Acid on the Kaolin Edema of the Rat Paw                                   
Substance                                                                 
         Dose  60 Minutes                                                 
                      120 Minutes                                         
                              180 Minutes                                 
         mg/kg %      %       %                                           
__________________________________________________________________________
Tragacanth                                                                
         --    100    100     100                                         
Example 2                                                                 
         25.0   36    44      50                                          
Example 2                                                                 
         50.0   62    40       5                                          
Indomethacin                                                              
         2.5    79    81      81                                          
Phenylbutazone                                                            
         90.0  107    100     81                                          
Azapropazone                                                              
         250.0 100    93      67                                          
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
         300.0 156    93      82                                          
Acid                                                                      
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     E. cotton-pellet test: 
     test animals are male rats (SIV 50) weighing 110 to 200 g. All test animals are kept fasting for 16 to 18 hours prior to the implantation of the pellets; after that food and water were available ad libitum. Each dose level of the chemical tested was administered to 12 animals. The substances were suspended in 1% Tragacanth mucilage and administered intragastrically by means of a stomach tube. The substances to be investigated and the control suspensions are administered once on the operating day following operation, and twice a day on the following 6 days (at intervals of 6 to 8 hours). The type of application and volume of liquid corresponded to that under B. 
     Under light ether anesthesia 4 sterile cotton pellets were implanted under the skin on the back of the animal. The weight of one pellet was 50 mg ± 0.5 mg. After 7 days treatment, the animals were sacrificed, the pellets removed with the granulation tissue, weighed and then dried in the incubator at +80°C to constant weight. The average dry weight of the granulation tissue of the control group was rated 100%, and deviations of the mean weights of the group treated with the test substance determined as a percentage thereof. 
     The weight of the animals is measured daily throughout the tests, and the percental increase determined. At the end of some tests, moreover, the suprarenal glands are removed and their weight determined. 
     The results obtained showing the deviation of the granulation tissue dry weight and changes in body weight are tabulated below. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Influence of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,                        
Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, and Acetylsalicylic                         
Acid on Development of the Granulation Tissue in                          
the Cotton-Pellet Test                                                    
Substance                                                                 
         Dose  Granulation Tissue %                                       
                           Increase in                                    
         mg/kg (Dry Weight)                                               
                           Body Weight                                    
__________________________________________________________________________
Tragacanth                                                                
          --   100         normal                                         
Example 2                                                                 
         2 × 75                                                     
               78          not influenced                                 
Indomethacin                                                              
         2 × 1.5                                                    
               80          not influenced                                 
Phenylbutazone                                                            
         2 × 90                                                     
               78          not influenced                                 
Azapropazone                                                              
         2 × 150                                                    
               76          not influenced                                 
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
         2 × 200                                                    
               89          not influenced                                 
Acid                                                                      
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     F. granuloma pouch test: 
     test animals and the method of application of the dosages of the various test substances used are the same as under Example E. 
     Under light ether anesthesia 25 ml of air are injected under the shaved skin of the back. 0.5 ml of croton oil/animal (0.05%) are injected into the pouch formed by the air, and evenly distributed over the back by turning the animal. 
     On the third day croton oil (3%, 0.5 ml/animal) is again injected into this pouch. After being treated for 7 days the animals are sacrificed, the quantity of secretion in the granuloma pouch determined, the granuloma pouch removed, and the weight of the dry tissue is determined according to the process described under Example E. 
     The average dry weights of the granuloma pouches and the quantities of secretion of the groups subjected to treatment are then compared with those of the control group and the percental deviations calculated. 
     At the end of some tests the suprarenal glands are removed and the weight of these organs is also determined. 
     The weight of the animals is measured daily and the changes determined as a percentage. 
     The results based upon the materials tested are presented below. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Influence of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,                        
Phenylbutazone, and Acetylsalicylic Acid on the                           
Granuloma Pouch Weight and the Fluid of the Pouch                         
Substance                                                                 
         Dose  Granuloma Pouch                                            
                         Secretion                                        
                               Increase in                                
         mg/kg Dry Weight                                                 
                         %     Body Weight                                
               %                                                          
__________________________________________________________________________
Tragacanth                                                                
          --   100       100   normal                                     
Example 2                                                                 
         2 × 125                                                    
               70         59   not influenced                             
Indomethacin                                                              
         2 × 1.5                                                    
               98        134   not influenced.sup.+                       
Phenylbutazone                                                            
         2 × 90                                                     
               84         96   not influenced                             
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
         2 × 150                                                    
               88        121   not influenced                             
Acid                                                                      
__________________________________________________________________________
 .sup.+Exitus of an animal                                                
 
    
     G. adjuvant arthritis: 
     test animals used are the same as described under Example E; food and water is given ad libitum. 
     On the first day of the test a 0.8% suspension of Mycobacterium butyrium in paraffin (0.05 or 0.1 ml/paw) is injected subplantarly into the left hind paw of the animals. After 18 days those animals in which the untreated hind paw showed no clear arthritis are withdrawn from the test. From the 19th to the 22nd day the animals showing a reaction are treated intragastrically with the test substances. The right paw having been marked above the ankle-joint, the volume is determined daily from the 19th to the 22nd or 23rd day, according to the process described under Example B. 
     The volume of liquid, as well as of the carrier administered, corresponded to that described in the above tests. 
     The results based upon swelling of the animal&#39;s paw is tabulated below. 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
Influence of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,                        
Phenylbutazone, and Azapropazone on Arthritis                             
Induced by the Freund Adjuvant                                            
Substance     Dose           Swelling                                     
              mg/kg          %                                            
______________________________________                                    
Tragacanth      --           100                                          
Example 2     2 × 125.0                                             
                             81                                           
Indomethacin  2 ×  2.5 80                                           
Phenylbutazone                                                            
              2 ×  60.0                                             
                             84                                           
Azapropazone  2 × 250.0                                             
                             91                                           
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     H. hot-plate test: 
     male mice (NMRI) weighing 18 to 28 g are used as test animals. The animals are placed on a copper plate constantly kept at 55°C, and the time is measured until they lick their forepaws. 
     Following 3 initial measurements, the test substances are administered intragastrically. Afterwards the measurements are repeated over a period of 2 hours at intervals of 30 minutes. Each dose is administered to 10 animals selected from groups of 15 animals following the initial measurements. 
     The test substances are administered as a suspension in 1% Tragacanth mucilage, the volume of liquid amounting to 2 ml/100 g of body weight. 
     For the purpose of statistical evaluation according to Litchfield and Wilcoxon, those animals in which the reaction time has been extended by at least 100% are considered protected. 
     The results are tabulated below. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________
Analgesic Activity of the Example 2 compound, Indomethacin,               
Phenylbutazone, Azapropazone, and Acetylsalicylic Acid                    
in Mice during the Hot-Plate Test                                         
Substance                                                                 
         ED.sub.5                                                         
             Confidence Limits                                            
                      Notes                                               
         mg/kg                                                            
             in mg/kg                                                     
             p = 0.05                                                     
             lower                                                        
                 upper                                                    
__________________________________________________________________________
Example 2                                                                 
         87.8                                                             
             53.5                                                         
                 143.9                                                    
                          --                                              
Indomethacin                                                              
         --  --  --   slightly effective,                                 
                      starting with 20 mg/kg                              
                      approx. 50% protection                              
                      is achieved                                         
Phenylbutazone                                                            
         --  --  --   effect, but not dose                                
                      dependent                                           
Azapropazone                                                              
         --  --  --   ineffective                                         
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
         --  --  --   up to 400 mg/kg                                     
Acid                  ineffective                                         
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     I. antipyresis: 
     test animals are male rats (SIV 50) weighing 100 to 180 g. 16 hours prior to the beginning of the test a 12% suspension of dried yeast (1 or 2 ml/100 g of body weight) is injected subcutaneously. When the maximum of the increase in body temperature is reached, following 3 to 4 initial measurements, the test substances are applied intragastrically and the development of the body temperature is observed for a period of 7 hours. 
     The test substances administered are suspended in Tragacanth mucilage; the volume of liquid administered amounting to 2 ml/100 g of body weight. In this test 2 control groups are used, one given sodium chloride subcutaneously (normal temperature group) and to the other group a yeast suspension is administered subcutaneously but, instead of the test substances, Tragacanth mucilage is administered intragastrically (fever control group). 
     The influence of the Example 2 compound and of the control substances on the increased body temperature of the rat are shown in the following graphs, which clearly show the superiority of the Example 2 substance for decreasing body temperature. ##SPC5## ##SPC6## 
     J. summary of pharmacological results for ethyl-3-hydroxy-benzo(b)THIOPENE-2-CARBOXIMIDATE (EXAMPLE 2): 
     Calculating the ED 50  on the basis of the results obtained from Examples A, B, and D, the following values are obtained. 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
Substance   ED.sub.50  Confidence Limits                                  
            mg/kg      in mg/kg                                           
                       p = 0.05                                           
                 lower    upper                                           
______________________________________                                    
Example 2   93.1       65.1       133.1                                   
Indomethacin                                                              
            0.9        0.31       2.54                                    
Phenylbutazone                                                            
            20.1       13.0       30.9                                    
Azapropazone                                                              
            117.0      73.5       186.0                                   
Acetylsalicylic                                                           
            192.0      153.6      240.0                                   
Acid                                                                      
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     From the ED 50  and LD 50  (A) the following therapeutic ratios for this test are calculated: 
     
         Example 2               42.9                                              
Indomethacin            33.3                                              
Phenylbutazone          29.7                                              
Azapropazone            --                                                
Acetylsalicylic Acid    10.7                                              
 
    
     According to this calculation, the therapeutic ratio for Ethyl-3-hydroxy-benzo(b)thiophene-2-carboximidate is very good. It is not possible to calculate a therapeutic ratio for Azapropazone, since, because of the evidently irregular absorption of the substance, no exact LD 50  is obtained. 
     As shown in (H), only the Ethyl-3-hydroxy-benzo(b)thiophene-2-carboximidate showed sufficient analgesic activity in this experimental setup. In the case of the standard substances, the analgesic activities were not pronounced enough or there were no such activities so that it was not possible to calculate an ED 50 . 
     While commercially available anti-inflammatory preparations exhibit an effect in some test models and are even ineffective in others, the anti-inflammatory effect of the Example 2 compound is proved in all test models. The strength of the effects achieved is of the same order as that of the most potent commercially available anti-inflammatory preparations. Compared to customary anti-inflammatory preparations, the analgesic activity of the Example 2 compound is particularly marked. The antipyretic effect is also seen to be stronger than that of comparable substances. 
     Doses as low as 50 mg/kg have a clear anti-inflammatory effect. In the hot plate test, 87.8 mg/kg extends the reaction time of 50 percent of the animals by 100%. In the antipyresis test, 150 mg/kg was considerably more effective than 300 mg/kg of acetylsalicylic acid. 
     Compared with toxicity levels of the standard substances used in the testing, those of the Example 2 compound are very favorable. Owing to the low doses required for achieving anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects, an extraordinarily favorable therapeutic ratio is also obtained. 
     K. pharmacological results of more benzo[b]THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION: 
     The methods applied for investigating these substances corresponded to those described under the above examples. In the hot plate test, however, the ED 50  was not determined, but prolongation of the reaction time following administration of the substance was shown directly. In the temperature test no graph was made of the results; the table showing the decrease of normal body temperature following administration of the substance. 
     The results obtained from the various pharmacological tests are tabulated below: 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
Acute Toxicity In Mice                                                    
Substance                                                                 
         Route of administration                                          
                          LD 50                                           
                          mg/kg                                           
______________________________________                                    
Example 1                                                                 
         ig.              &gt;        1.600                                  
Example 30                                                                
         ig.              approx.  1.000                                  
Example 30                                                                
         sc.              approx.  1.000                                  
Example 31                                                                
         ig.              &gt;        1.600                                  
Example 31                                                                
         sc.              &gt;          800                                  
Example 33                                                                
         sc.              approx.  1.000                                  
Example 34                                                                
         sc.              approx.    600                                  
Example 10                                                                
         ig.              approx.  1.600                                  
Example 11                                                                
         ig.              &gt;        1.600                                  
Example 41                                                                
         ig.              approx.  1.600                                  
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
         Yeast Edema And Determination Of Pain Threshold                           
In The Rat Paw                                                            
Substance                                                                 
         Route of admi-                                                   
                     dose    volume                                       
                                   Pain thres-                            
         nistration  mg/kg   %     hold %                                 
______________________________________                                    
tragacanth                                                                
         ig.         --      100   -23                                    
Example 1                                                                 
         ig.          75      32   -10                                    
NaCl     sc.         --      100   -26                                    
Example 30                                                                
         sc.         150      53   +18                                    
tragacanth                                                                
         ig.         --      100   -39                                    
Example 31                                                                
         ig.         200      75   - 7                                    
NaCl     sc.         --      100   -10                                    
Example 33                                                                
         sc.         225      46   +34                                    
NaCl     sc.         --      100   -10                                    
Example 34                                                                
         sc.         125      54   - 7                                    
tragacanth                                                                
         ig.         --      100   - 9                                    
Example 41                                                                
         ig.         125      51   +22                                    
tragacanth                                                                
         ig.         --      100   -32                                    
Example 10                                                                
         ig.         200      73   -49                                    
tragacanth                                                                
         ig.         --      100   -35                                    
Example 10                                                                
         ig.         250      33   -30                                    
tragacanth                                                                
         ig.         --      100   -15                                    
Example 11                                                                
         ig.         200      41   +32                                    
indomethacin                                                              
         ig.          5      100   -22                                    
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
         Influence On Carrageenin Edema Of The Rat Paw                             
Substance                                                                 
       Route of admini-                                                   
                dose                                                      
                    1st phase                                             
                          2nd phase                                       
                                3 hrs.                                    
       stration mg/kg                                                     
                    %     %     %                                         
__________________________________________________________________________
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --  --    --    100                                       
NaCl   sc.      --  100   100   100                                       
Example 1                                                                 
       ig.       75 --    --    43                                        
Example 30                                                                
       sc.      150 39    68    51                                        
Example 31                                                                
       sc.      150 58    32    37                                        
Example 33                                                                
       sc.      150 59    17    39                                        
Example 34                                                                
       sc.      100 47    44    44                                        
Example 10                                                                
       ig.      250 79    36    53                                        
Example 11                                                                
       ig.      250 62    43    54                                        
Example 41                                                                
       ig.      125 78    28    51                                        
azapropazone                                                              
       ig.      400 79    21    55                                        
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
         Influence On Kaolin Edema Of The Rat Paw                                  
Substance                                                                 
       Route of admini-                                                   
                dose                                                      
                    60 min.                                               
                          120 min.                                        
                                180 min.                                  
       stration mg/kg                                                     
                    %     %     %                                         
__________________________________________________________________________
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --  100   100   100                                       
Example 10                                                                
       ig.      200 67    47    46                                        
Example 11                                                                
       ig.       50 40    36    56                                        
Example 11                                                                
       ig.      100 22    27    46                                        
acetylsali-                                                               
       ig.      300 156   93    82                                        
cylic acid                                                                
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
         Influence On The Development Of Granulation                               
Tissue In The Cotton Pellet Test                                          
Substance                                                                 
       Route of admini-                                                   
                dose granulation                                          
                            increase in                                   
       stration mg/kg                                                     
                     tissue %                                             
                            body weight                                   
                daily                                                     
                     dry weight                                           
                            %                                             
__________________________________________________________________________
NaCl   sc.           100    27                                            
indometacin                                                               
       ig.      2×1,5                                               
                     91     17                                            
Example 30                                                                
       sc.      2×50,0                                              
                     82     27                                            
Example 30                                                                
       sc.      2×75,0                                              
                     68     27                                            
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.           100    36                                            
indomethacin                                                              
       ig.      2×1,5                                               
                     65     28                                            
Example 41                                                                
       ig.      2×150                                               
                     90     29                                            
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
         Influence Of Example 34 On The Granuloma Pouch                            
Weight And The Granuloma Pouch Liquid                                     
Substance                                                                 
       Route of admini-                                                   
                dose granuloma                                            
                           secre-                                         
                               increase                                   
       stration mg/kg                                                     
                     pouch dry                                            
                           tion                                           
                               in body                                    
                daily                                                     
                     weight %                                             
                           %   weight %                                   
__________________________________________________________________________
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.           100   100 55                                         
Example 34                                                                
       ig.      2×50.0                                              
                     79    75  51                                         
phenylbuta-                                                               
       ig.      2×90.0                                              
                     84    96  57                                         
zone                                                                      
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
         Analgesic Effect Of The Substances In The                                 
Hot-Plate Test With Mice                                                  
Substance                                                                 
       Route of admini-                                                   
                dose influence on the reaction time                       
       stration mg/kg                                                     
                     in %                                                 
                     30&#39;   60&#39;   90&#39;   120&#39;                               
__________________________________________________________________________
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --   + 15  + 18  + 26  + 15                               
Example 1                                                                 
       ig.       75.0                                                     
                     + 143 + 127 + 48  + 48                               
NaCl   sc.      --   + 20  + 16  + 20  + 2                                
Example 30                                                                
       sc.      125.0                                                     
                     + 148 + 140 + 46  + 31                               
NaCl   sc.      --   + 12  + 22  + 27  + 35                               
Example 31                                                                
       sc.      150.0                                                     
                     + 51  + 45  + 29  + 18                               
NaCl   sc.      --   - 2   - 2   - 8   - 8                                
Example 33                                                                
       sc.      200.0                                                     
                     + 306 + 274 + 244 + 158                              
NaCl   sc.      --   - 2   - 2   - 8   - 8                                
Example 34                                                                
       sc.      100.0                                                     
                     + 266 + 202 + 126 + 100                              
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --   + 7   + 17  + 29  + 48                               
Example 10                                                                
       ig.      250.0                                                     
                     + 83  + 77  + 98  + 67                               
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --   + 22  + 43  + 37  + 30                               
Example 11                                                                
       ig.      200.0                                                     
                     + 103 + 102 + 124 + 100                              
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --   + 9   + 40  + 49  + 51                               
Example 11                                                                
       ig.      250.0                                                     
                     + 124 + 154 + 144 + 158                              
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --   + 15  + 12  + 17  + 12                               
Example 41                                                                
       ig.      200.00                                                    
                     + 200 + 250 + 200 + 156                              
tragacanth                                                                
       ig.      --   + 16  + 22  + 10  + 20                               
azapropazone                                                              
       ig.      500.0                                                     
                     + 11  + 5   + 15  + 11                               
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         Influence On The Normal Body Temperature Of The Rat                       
Substance                                                                 
       Route of admini-                                                   
                dose                                                      
                    change in body temperature                            
       stration mg/kg                                                     
                    after                                                 
                    30&#39;  60&#39;  120&#39;                                        
__________________________________________________________________________
Example 1                                                                 
       ig.      200 -1.8 -1.8 -1.6                                        
Example 30                                                                
       ig.      300 -0.6 -1.3 -1.5                                        
Example 30                                                                
       sc.      300 -0.7 -0.5 -1.0                                        
Example 31                                                                
       ig.      400 -0.5 -0.4 +0.5                                        
Example 31                                                                
       sc.      400 -0.5 -1.2 -0.8                                        
Example 33                                                                
       sc.      400 -0.9 -1.6 -3.2                                        
Example 34                                                                
       sc.      200 ± 0                                                
                         -1.5 -0.3                                        
Example 10                                                                
       ig.      400 -2.3 -2.2 -4.2                                        
Example 11                                                                
       ig.      400 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4                                        
Example 41                                                                
       ig.      400 -1.6 -1.7 -1.9                                        
azapropazone                                                              
       ig.      300 ± 0                                                
                         -0.1 ± 0                                      
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