Power connector
This is a continuation, of application Ser. No. 426,156, filed Dec. 19, 1973, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 246,813, filed June 21, 1972, now abandoned. 
    
    
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     A broad object of the invention is to provide a novel two-contact power connector, eliminating splicing and re-splicing of power cables. 
     Another broad object is to provide a hermaphrodite power connector, of novel construction including identical halves, resulting in unusually simple construction and in great economy of manufacture, as well as in installation thereof. 
     A still further object is to provide a power connector of the preceding general kind in which each half is made up of two molded parts, later secured together as by welding, the two halves enabling more simple design, and effective inter-relation between the elements of construction of each half, this resulting in still greater economy in the manufacture thereof. 
     An additional object is to provide a power connector of the foregoing general type including a pair of identical halves with contacts mounted in the halves, and including a novel construction incorporating telescoped tubes, and an arrangement in which the contacts, at their mutually interengaging portions, are enshrouded in the telescoped tubes, thus providing protection for the contacts and preventing accidental grounding thereof, and also wherein the telescoped tubes serve to polarize the connector halves when connected together. 
     Still anothr object is to provide a connector of the foregoing character, incorporating novel arrangement for releaseably mounting one of the halves to a panel, and for releaseably mounting contacts in the connector halves. 
     Still another object is to provide a connector made up of identical halves, and including contacts in the halves, and including additional arrangement for polarizing the halves by means of the special construction of the contacts. 
     Still another object is to provide a connector of the foregoing general character having novel and efficient latch means for latching the connector halves together, which are effective for holding the halves together under normal conditions, but which can readily be separated manually. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT: 
     In the drawings: 
     FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the two identical halves of the connector in position for interconnection thereof; 
     FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view, on a larger scale than that of FIG. 1, showing the two halves connected and showing contacts within the halves; and 
     FIG. 3 is a semi-diagrammatic view of one portion of the illustration of FIG. 2 showing how a tool is used for removing a contact from the connector half. 
    
    
     Connectors of the general type involved in this invention, where identical halves or parts are utilized in the connector, i.e., each one having both male and female elements, have become quite generally known in the trade as &#34;hermaphrodite&#34; connectors. 
     Referring in detail to the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 shows two plural contact modular connector shell assemblies or connector halves which are identical in construction and in that view are arranged for interconnection by merely moving them together. FIG. 2 shows the same two connectors interconnected, and including two contacts mounted therein, this figure also showing a panel on which one of the connector halves is mounted. The two connector halves are indicated at 10 and for convenience individually identified 10a and 10b. The connector halves are of dielectric material, being molded from a suitable thermoplastic material. Each connector half is made from two parts or modules, each integral and molded separately but later connected together to render it unitary and effectively integral. The two parts are identified as a front part or mating part 12, and a rear or contact retention and support part 14. The part 12 has a plate-like base element 16 and a pair of transversely spaced elongated tubes 18 and 20, preferably of cylindrical shape extending forwardly therefrom. The tube 18 is of greater diameter than the tube 20 and when the connector halves are fitted together as referred to hereinbelow the smaller tube of each half is inserted into the larger tube of the other half, the tubes being of similar length and then being substantially completely telescoped. 
     The tubes 18, 20 communicate rearwardly through openings 26, 28 preferably of a diameter similar to the internal diameter of the smaller tube 20, these openings 26, 28 serving to receive contacts preferably identical in size as referred to hereinbelow. 
     Between the tubes 18, 20 is a thin, flexible and substantially flat latch hook or latch member 22 having an acute inside angle 24 formed by a rearwardly angled hook facing the large tube 18, these two hooks interengaging when the connector halves are fitted together for releaseably locking retaining them in connected condition. As illustrated in FIGS. 1-2, each latch hook 22 extends from the base member 16 with a length less than the length of tubes 18 or 20 and include an outer hook portion with acute angle 24. Latch hook 22 is flexible transversely to permit transverse deflection of the hook portion as the hook portions slide along each other during mating of the connector halves during which the hook portions become engaged together in a releasable locking relation. The tubes 18, 20 and the latch hook 22 are integral with the base element 16. 
     The base element 16 extends beyond the tubes 18, 20 and is provided with rearwardly extending flanges 30 surrounding the opening 26, 28 each having an annular counter bore or recess 32 for cooperation with the contacts as referred to below. 
     Each rear part 14 also includes a plate-like flange or base element 34 fitted to the base element 16 and secured firmly thereto as by ultrasonic welding, the two parts 12 and 14 then becoming unitary and effectively integral. Extending from the plate element 34 are rear tubular elements 36 receiving the flanges 30 and in line with the corresponding tubes 18, 20 and forming tubular extensions thereof. The rear tubular extensions 36 at their inner ends are provided with a plurality of forwardly extending tines 38, in this case four, formed from the material of the part 14, in the molding thereof. These tines extend inwardly and possess a substantial degree of resilience or springiness for use in holding the contacts in place in the connector half. The tubes 36 are spaced and sized for registration and receipt in respective panel openings and register or are in axial alignment with tubes 18 and 20. 
     The connector may suitably be mounted on a panel 40 which has a corresponding number of apertures or holes 42 for receiving the rear tubular extensions 36, this panel being abutted by the back side of the base element 34. Suitable clips 44 are fitted over the tubular extensions 36 these clips having spring fingers 46 which engage the outer surfaces of the extensions 36 and retain the connector half 10b in place on the panel, and thus retain the whole connector when the two halves are connected together. 
     FIG. 2 shows a pin contact 48 and a socket contact 50, in place in the connector halves, and interconnected. These contacts have identical rear portions, each including a tubular element 52 for receiving a conductor on which the element is crimped. The element 52 merges into an enlarged portion 54 having at its inner end a disc 56 of greater diameter than the enlarged portion 54 and fitted in the annular recess 32. The pin contact 48 in the larger tube 18 has a pin element or male element 58 while the contact 50 in the smaller tube 20 is a socket contact having a socket element or female element 60. These contacts are inserted into the corresponding connector halves from the outer ends of the rear tubular elements 36, the discs 56 springing the fingers 38 outwardly, and when the discs pass the fingers, the fingers spring back into position engaging the outer end surface of the respective disc, forming a positive stop means preventing accidental displacement or removal of the contact. However these fingers can be sprung radially outwardly beyond the discs for removing the contacts, by a suitable tool 62 (FIG. 3) which is put in position around the contact and moved inwardly in the tubular element, and is of proper diameter to engage the fingers 38 and spring them outwardly and enable removing the contact. The tool 62 has a longitudinal part or split 64 enabling the tool to be put around the contact. 
     The telescoping tubes 18, 20 provide polarization of the connector halves, as will be understood since the smaller tubes must be inserted in the larger tubes. These tubes as indicated above are substantially completely telescoped, and the working ends of the contacts 48, 50 have mutual interengagement within the tubes, and the tubes thus provide protection to the contacts, preventing accidental grounding, or possible mechanical damage. 
     The contacts 48, 50 may also be considered a means for providing polarization, but except for the actual telescoping pin and socket elements of the contacts, the contacts are identical and either of them may be placed in either connector half. 
     The latch hooks 22, as indicated above interengage when the connector halves are moved toward each other in connecting direction, normally retaining the connector halves in connected condition, but they can be disconnected manually, by a screw driver, enabling the connector halves to be separated. 
     The construction is extremely simple and inexpensive. The connector is made entirely of plastic material, and each half is essentially integral, the base elements 16 and 34 being welded. The latch hooks 22 being integral with the base element 16 and 34, provide a further point of simplicity and economy, and are effective for normally holding the connector halves together but enabling separation when that is desired; the contacts are effectively enclosed in the connector - the elements 48 and 60 being entirely enclosed or enshrouded in the telescoped tubes 18, 20 and these tubes being of substantial dimensions provide great strength to the connectors. Additionally, the outer end portions of the contacts 48, 50 are substantially enclosed in the rear tubular elements 36, the latter being of greater length than the outer portions of the contacts, providing protection against mechanical damage to the contacts at these locations. Thus, contacts 48, 50 are recessed below the ends of tubes 18, 20, and tubular elements 36. 
     Thus it is seen in the connector of the invention that connector halves 10a and 10b are capable of being fitted together with their forward ends 19a and 19b of tubes 18 and 20 interfitted with the small tube 20 on one half 10a being positioned in the large tube 18 on the other half 10b, the contacts 48 and 50 thereby having interfitting telescoping relationship throughout a substantial portion of the telescope portions represented by portion 51 of tube 20. 
     Each connector half is also provided with a latch member between tubes 18 and 20 integral with each connector half. In the preferred embodiment, the latch member is illustrated by latch hook 22 integral with front base member 16 and recessed below the forward ends of tubes 18, 20. 
     Tubes 18 and 20 communicate with rear tubular elements 36 through respective openings 26 and 28 of substantially lesser diameter than the internal diameter 37 of rear tubular elements 36. In this arrangement, shoulders 39 are formed around those openings 26 and 28 on base member 16. Contacts 48 and 50 are each provided with disc 56 of greater diameter than openings 26 and 28 to form shoulders 41 engaging shoulders 39 on the base member. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the inwardly extending tines 38 include free-ended portions which are essentially parallel to and bear against enlarged tubular portion 54. 
     The connector is thereby capable of accommodating contacts 48 and 50 with different sized tubular elements 52 adapted to receive conductors of appropriate size. The connector tubes also provide protection for contacts 48 and 50 preventing accidental grounding or possible mechanical damage and in addition serve to stabilize each of the two connector halves against transverse displacement to avoid accidental release of the latching hooks.