Alkyl thiourea miticides
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 597,104, filed July 18, 1975 now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Included among the many insecticidal and miticidal compounds available are various substituted thioureas. Such compounds and their biological properties are discussed in Hoskins, W. M., et al., J. Econ. Ent., 33:6, 875-881 (1940), and Schroeder, D. C., Chem. Reviews, 55, 181-228 (1955). 
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a class of substituted thioureas and to their use as miticides when used in a miticidally effective amount. More specifically, this invention relates to alkyl thioureas having the formula ##STR2## wherein --R is selected from the group consisting of benzhydryl, 3&#39;-(2&#39;-ethylhexoxy)-propyl, allyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, 1&#39;,3&#39;-dimethylbutyl, and alkyl containing from 7 to 13 carbon atoms, inclusive; and where R is benzhydryl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 7 to 11 carbon atoms, inclusive; where R is 3&#39;-(2&#39;-ethylhexoxy)-propyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, inclusive; where R is allyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 9 to 13 carbon atoms, inclusive; where R is cyclohexyl, R 1  is dodecyl; where R is cycloheptyl, R 1  is heptyl; where R is 1&#39;,3&#39;-dimethylbutyl, R 1  is n-heptyl or dodecyl; where R is heptyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 6 to 8 carbon atoms, inclusive; where R is octyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, inclusive; where R is nonyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, inclusive; where R is decyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, inclusive; and where R is undecyl, dodecyl, or tridecyl, R 1  is alkyl containing from 2 to 7 carbon atoms, inclusive. 
     The term &#34;alkyl&#34; is intended to include both straight chain and branched chain hydrocarbons -- for example, n-heptyl, s-heptyl, isobutyl, t-octyl. This definition extends to both R and R 1  and applied wherever the term &#34;alkyl&#34; is used or wherever the prefix denoting the chain configuration for an alkyl of a specified number of carbon atoms is not given--for example, hepty, octyl, nonyl, decyl. 
     By &#34;miticidally effective amount&#34; is meant the amount of the herein disclosed miticidal compounds which when applied to the habitat of mites in any conventional manner will kill or substantially injure a significant portion of the population thereon. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The compounds of the present invention are manufactured by reacting the properly selected isothiocyanate with the properly selected amine. A variety of non-reactive solvents can be used, such as benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons, ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and in some instances, alcohols. The time and temperature requirements for the reaction will depend on the reactivities of both the isothiocyanate and the amine used. Normally, a complete reaction will occur with a few hours of reflux. The examples shown herein are illustrative of the method of preparation of the compounds of the invention. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE I 
     1-n-nonyl-3-n-heptyl-2-thiourea (Compound No. 52 in Table I below) 
     7.9 g (0.05 mole) n-heptylisothiocyanate was dissolved in 50 ml of benzene. To this solution was added 7.2 g (0.05 mole) of n-nonylamine. The resultant mixture was heated on a steam bath for 1 hour with reflux. The solvent was then removed in a rotary evaporator under vacuum leaving 15.2 g of a waxy solid. The structure, as confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, was that of 1-heptyl-3-nonyl-2-thiourea. The theoretical yield was 15.0 g. 
     EXAMPLE II 
     1-n-dodecyl-3-n-butyl-2-thiourea (Compound No. 75 in Table I below) 
     9.25 g (0.05 mole) of n-dodecylamine was dissolved in 50 ml of benzene. To this solution was added 5.75 g (0.05 mole) of n-butylisothiocyanate. An exothermic reaction took place. When a temperature rise could no longer be detected, the reaction mixture was heated with reflux on a steam bath for 2 hours. The solvent was then removed under vacuum in a rotary evaporator, leaving a residue of 14.5 g of a waxy solid, of melting point 49° to 55° C. The structure, as confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, was that of 1-n-dodecyl-3-n-butyl-2-thiourea. The theoretical yield was 14.2 g. 
     Other compounds, such as those included in the following table, can be prepared in a manner analogous to that shown in the examples above, starting with the appropriate materials. The compounds in the table are representative of those embodied in the present invention. Compound numbers have been assigned to them for purposes of identification throughout the balance of this specification. 
     
                       TABLE I                                                     
______________________________________                                    
 ##STR3##                                                                 
Com-                                                                      
pound                               N.sub.D.sup.30 or                     
No.     R                   R.sub.1 m.p. ° C                       
______________________________________                                    
 1    CH(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2                                           
                           n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.5840                                
 2    CH(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2                                           
                           s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.5751                                
 3    CH(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2                                           
                           n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
 4    CH(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2                                           
                           n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19                             
                                    87-90° C                       
 5    CH(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2                                           
                           n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21                            
                                    62-70° C                       
 6                                                                        
       ##STR4##            n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.5003                                
 7                                                                        
       ##STR5##            n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4939                                
 8                                                                        
       ##STR6##            n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4884                                
 9                                                                        
       ##STR7##            n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4956                                
10                                                                        
       ##STR8##            n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4915                                
11                                                                        
       ##STR9##            n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25                            
                                    1.4905                                
12    CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2  n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19                             
                                    1.5180                                
13    CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2  n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21                            
                                    1.5155                                
14    CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2  n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25                            
                                    49-55° C                       
15    CH.sub.2 CHCH.sub.2  n-C.sub.13 H.sub.27                            
                                    52-58° C                       
16                                                                        
       ##STR10##           n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25                            
                                    1.5127                                
17                                                                        
       ##STR11##           n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.5300                                
18                                                                        
       ##STR12##           n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.5028                                
19                                                                        
       ##STR13##           n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25                            
                                    1.4914                                
20    n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5065                                
21    n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5050                                
22    n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
23    n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.5006                                
24    n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   t-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4975                                
25    s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5025                                
26    s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5052                                
27    s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4955                                
28    s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15   t-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4970                                
29    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4973                                
30    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4990                                
31    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.5015                                
32    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4927                                
33    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4899                                
34    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   t-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4995                                
35    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19                             
                                    1.4998                                
36    n-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21                            
                                    1.4903                                
37    s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4978                                
38    s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5010                                
39    s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4993                                
40    s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4947                                
41    s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4905                                
42    s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   t-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4934                                
43    t-C.sub.8 H.sub.17   n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5016                                
44    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                              
                                    1.5043                                
45    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.4946                                
46    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   i-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.5064                                
47    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4935                                
48    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   i-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.5035                                
49    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   t-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4930                                
50    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4978                                
51    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.5032                                
52    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
53    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4962                                
54    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   s-C.sub.8 H.sub.17                             
                                    1.4928                                
55    n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19   n-C.sub.9 H.sub.19                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
56    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                              
                                    1.5013                                
57    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  i-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                              
                                    1.4945                                
58    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.5043                                
59    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  i-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.4955                                
60    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4962                                
61    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  i-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4939                                
62    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4930                                
63    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4986                                
64    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
65    n-C.sub.10 H.sub.21  s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4935                                
66    n-C.sub.11 H.sub.23  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                
                                    1.5065                                
67    n-C.sub.11 H.sub.23  n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.5007                                
68    n-C.sub.11 H.sub.23  n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4952                                
69    n-C.sub.11 H.sub.23  n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4913                                
70    n-C.sub.11 H.sub.23  n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4973                                
71    n-C.sub.11 H.sub.23  s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4923                                
72    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                
                                    1.4983                                
73    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                              
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
74    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  i-C.sub.3 H.sub.7                              
                                    1.4962                                
75    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    56-62° C                       
76    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  i-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.4958                                
77    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  s-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    1.4950                                
78    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
79    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  i-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    1.4945                                
80    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4914                                
81    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  s-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    1.4945                                
82    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  n-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
83    n-C.sub.12 H.sub.25  s-C.sub.7 H.sub.15                             
                                    1.4909                                
84    n-C.sub.13 H.sub.27  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                
                                    44-57° C                       
85    n-C.sub.13 H.sub.27  n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9                              
                                    49-64° C                       
86    n-C.sub.13 H.sub.27  n-C.sub.5 H.sub.11                             
                                    48-51° C                       
87    n-C.sub.13 H.sub.27  n-C.sub.6 H.sub.13                             
                                    waxy                                  
                                    solid                                 
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     Miticidal activity of each of the above compounds was evaluated for efficacy on the two-spotted mite  Tetranychus urticae (Koch)! as follows: 
     I. Plant Dip Assay 
     Pinto bean plants (Phaseolussp.), approximately 10 cm tall, are transplanted into sandy loam soil in 3-inch clay pots and thoroughly infested with two-spotted mites of mixed ages and sexes. Twenty-four hours later the infested plants are inverted and dipped for 2-3 seconds in 50--50 acetone-water solutions of the test chemicals. Treated plants are held in the greenhouse, and 7 days later mortality is determined for both the adult mites and the nymphs hatching from eggs which were on the plants at the time of treatment. Test concentrations range from about 0.2% down to that at which 50% mortality occurs (LD-50). 
     II. Systemic Assay 
     Test chemicals are dissolved in acetone and aliquots are diluted in 200 cc of water in glass bottles. Two pinto bean plants (Phaseolus sp.), with expanded primary leaves, are supported in each bottle by cotton plugs, so that their roots and stems are immersed in the treated water. The plants are then infested with 75-100 two-spotted mites of various ages and sexes. One week later the mortality of the adult mites and nymphs is recorded. Test concentrations range from 10 ppm down to that at which 50% mortality occurs (LD-50). 
     The results of the above test procedures, indicating the effective concentration at which LD-50 control effect was achieved, are listed in Table II. 
     
                       TABLE II                                                    
______________________________________                                    
Effective Concentrations on Two-Spotted Mite                              
 Tetranychus urticae (Koch)!                                              
Compound                                                                  
Number     PE (%)      Eggs (%)   SYS (%)                                 
______________________________________                                    
 1         .003        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
 2         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
 3         .005        .03        &gt;10                                     
 4         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
 5         .05         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
 6         .005        .005       &gt;10                                     
 7         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
 8         &gt;.05        .05        --                                      
 9         .005        .005       &gt;10                                     
10         .03         .05        &gt;10                                     
11         .03         .05        &gt;10                                     
12         .05         &gt;.05       10                                      
13         .05         .05        &gt;10                                     
14         .01         .03        &gt;10                                     
15         .008        .03        &gt;10                                     
16         .005        .03        &gt;10                                     
17         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
18         .05         .05        --                                      
19         &gt;.05        .05        --                                      
20         .03         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
21         .2          &gt;.2        --                                      
22         &gt;.05        .05        --                                      
23         .03         .03        &gt;10                                     
24         .05         .1         --                                      
25         .05         .15        --                                      
26         .05         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
27         .07         .08        --                                      
28         .15         &gt;.2        --                                      
29         .008        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
30         .008        .01        &gt;10                                     
31         .005        .03        --                                      
32         .05         .05        --                                      
33         .05         &gt;.05       --                                      
34         .05         .07        --                                      
35         .005        .05        &gt;10                                     
36         .05         .05        --                                      
37         .05         .05        --                                      
38         .03         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
39         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
40         .03         .05        --                                      
41         .03         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
42         .05         .2         --                                      
43         .15         &gt;.2        --                                      
44         .05         &gt;.05       10                                      
45         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
46         &gt;.05        .05        &gt;10                                     
47         .005        .008       &gt;10                                     
48         .03         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
49         .09         .1         --                                      
50         .03         .03        &gt;10                                     
51         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
52         .001        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
53         .008        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
54         .005        .03        &gt;10                                     
55         .01         .01        &gt;10                                     
56         .01         .03        &gt;10                                     
57         .03         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
58         .005        .03         10                                     
59         .008        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
60         .05         .05        --                                      
61         .05         .03        &gt;10                                     
62         .06         .06        --                                      
63         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
64         .003        .03        &gt;10                                     
65         .008        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
66         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
67         .005        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
68         .01         .03        &gt;10                                     
69         .01         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
70         .03         &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
71         .008        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
72         .003        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
73         .003        .03        &gt;10                                     
74         .01         .05        --                                      
75         .003        .008       &gt;10                                     
76         .003        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
77         .08         .03        --                                      
78         .008        .03        &gt;10                                     
79         .005        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
80         .005        .03        &gt;10                                     
81         .005        .01        &gt;10                                     
82         .008        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
83         .005        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
84         .003        .03        &gt;10                                     
85         .003        &gt;.05       &gt;10                                     
86         .005        .03          5                                     
87         .01         &gt;.05        10                                     
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     Neither the examples nor the tables above are intended to limit the invention in any manner. 
     The compounds of this invention are generally embodied in a form suitable for convenient application. For example, the compounds can be embodied in miticidal compositions in the form of emulsions, suspensions, solutions, dusts, and aerosol sprays. In addition to the active compounds, such compositions generally contain the adjuvants which are normally found in miticide preparations. One such composition can contain either a single miticidally active compound or a combination of miticidally active compounds. The miticide compositions of this invention can contain as adjuvants organic solvents such as sesame oil, xylene, or heavy petroleum; water; emulsifying agents; surface active agents; talc; pyrophyllite; diatomite; gypsum; clays; or propellants such as dichlorodifluoromethane; or a combination of these. If desired, however, the active compounds can be applied directly to feedstuffs, seeds, or other such matter upon which the pests feed. When applied in such a manner, it will be advantageous to use a compound which is not volatile. In connection with the activity of the presently disclosed miticidal compounds, it should be fully understood that the compounds need not be active as such. The purposes of this invention will be fully served by a compound which is rendered active by an external influence such as light, or by some physiological action which the compound induces when it is ingested into the body of the pest. 
     The precise manner in which the miticidal compounds of this invention should be used in any particular instance will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art. The concentration of the active miticide in a typical composition can vary within rather wide limits. Ordinarily, the miticide will comprise not more than about 15.0% by weight of the composition. The preferred range of concentration of the miticide is about 0.1 to about 1.0% by weight.