Suspension of rails
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to the suspension of rails for supporting trolley vehicles or the like and including particular constructions by means of which the rail is suspended from a carrying, support tower or the like. 
     A suspension for a rail of the type to which the invention pertains is for example disclosed in German printed patent application 1,808,210. The patent application particularly discloses a rigid suspension of the rail so that even vehicles running on the rail and having eccentrically located center of gravity can still be guided on the rail without swinging motion. This particular suspension, however, does not permit vertical level adjustment, for example for orienting the rail or for compensating level and height differences in the principle carrier construction. Such level adjustment is for example disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 1,188,659 and includes basically a bolt with an adjusting nut. The latter suspension however permits swinging motion of the rail. Since in that particular example as per the U.S. patent, the load is suspended to be basically below the rail such a swinging motion does not produce any disadvantage. However, the situation is different if the load (vehicle) is basically situated above or even along-side the rail, particularly as far as the location of the center of gravity of the vehicle is concerned. Lateral displacements and lateral swinging motions are not permitted in such a case and therefore the vehicle suspension must compensate against such undesired motion. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved suspension for rails, the suspension permitting vertical adjustment and is to be provided to accommodate vehicle loads with eccentric center of gravity. 
     In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is suggested to bolt a plate to the lower end of the principle support construction which plate supports in turn suspension bolts to which a rail supporting bracket can be bolted in vertically adjustable positions; preferably one uses four such suspension bolts so that even in the case of an eccentrical load upon the rail the bracket suspension will remain and will not escape, for example, through bending of any of the bolts. The rail is affixed to the lower end of the bracket which is preferably of a C-shaped configuration. The mounting plate from which the suspension bolts extend, is preferably provided with recesses for receiving the bolt heads. Moreover, this plate is to have at least one, preferably two, transverse slots for receiving bolts by means of which this support plate is laterally displaceably connectable to the basic support construction. This latter feature concerning the mounting is particularly important because it is not possible to determine in advance the exact position of the rail vis-a-vis the principle support system. The variability of a mounting plate in conjunction with clamping brackets engaging teeth on the mounting plate establishes a particular degree of freedom of adjusting the mounting structure in a direction transversely to the general extension of the rail to be mounted. On the other hand, the lateral adjustability of the mounting plate does not interfere at all with the angular and orientational adjustment and positioning of the rail and its immediate support bracket. The aforementioned mounting plate and the clamping brackets cooperate preferably by means of a plurality of detent teeth wherein each tooth is arranged to have a shallow angle towards the center of the system and a steep angle in the opposite direction. The bracket-tooth arrangement prevents an unwanted migration of the clamping brackets as a result of variable dynamic loads on the rail. 
     In furtherance of the invention four bolts are provided on the mounting plate for purposes of suspending the principle bracket element and they cooperate with a plurality of four arc shaped slots in the suspension plate permitting for example the relative angular displacement of the mounting bracket by not more than about 45°. This arc shaped arrangement of slots permits turning of the principle mounting bracket over a range amounting in effect to 50 percent of all possible positions. This basically is a matter of tolerances and, as an empirical value, was found to be sufficient to accommodate a large variety of possible misalignments inherent in the overall arrangement. Moreover, the particular arrangement and the constructural features permit a high degree of adaptability of the system to a variety of basic support construction. The mounting bracket for the rail has a profile which can be termed as I shaped, particularly in the basic part of its configuration. The bracket has a cross-shaped contour in the range of the suspension by means of the aforementioned suspending bolts whereby particularly the cross is established through flat suspension plate that receives the suspending bolts and a pair of upwardly and downwardly extending bars are provided so as to establish the cross. Essential here is that the arcuate slots are not interrupted. This means that the particular plate is not weakened by fairly long arcuate slots. The principle bracket has an overall C shaped configuration as was mentioned above, whereby the particular rail to be suspended is affixed to the lowermost point of the C while the upper part of the C is configured as the mounting part of cross-shaped configuration by means of which this mounting bracket is suspended through the bolts from the mounting plate mentioned above. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the subject matter which is regarded as the invention, it is believed that the invention, the objects and features of the invention and other objects, features and advantages thereof will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a suspension construction in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention for practicing the best mode thereof; 
     FIG. 2 is a cross section taken through plane II--II in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 illustrates a portion of FIG. 1 identified therein by A and illustrated in a larger scale; 
     FIG. 4 is an elevation of a plate used within and as part of the suspension construction shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; and 
     FIG. 5 is a support plate within the same construction. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates the lower cord 1a or construction part of a carrying and support construction 1 of general design. A mounting plate 5 (see also FIG. 4) is secured to this lower portion 1a of carrier construction 1 by means of four bolts 4 which also traverse clamping jaws 3 situated on top of this lower construction part 1a. These jaws 3 are provided with lower end legs 3a which bear upon upwardly directed teeth 5f of the mounting plate 5. FIG. 3 illustrates the particular tooth construction in an enlarged scale. The teeth have shallow portions or flanks facing towards the center and steep flanks that face outwardly. 
     The mounting plate 5 is provided with four threaded bores 5a there being recesses 5b for receiving the heads 6a of bolts 6. The recesses 5b are actually provided immediately for guide rings 5c, which support directly the heads 6a. FIG. 4 illustrates further two transverse slots 5d which are traversed by the bolts 4 for purposes of adjusting the lateral position of the jaws 3 in the length direction of extension of these slots 5d. Jaws and teeth establish an adjustable detent arrangement that prevents migration of plate 5 under variable load. FIG. 1 illustrates particularly, that this lower end portion 1a of the support construction 1 may have different lateral extensions so that the adjustability of the relative disposition of the jaws 3 through appropriate configuration of this mounting plate 5 is an important feature. 
     An upper end suspension plate 9a of bracket element 9 is provided with circular arc shaped slots 9d for being traversed by the suspension bolts 6 which extend from below the mounting plate 5. Nuts 7 can be threaded on the bolts 6 to fasten the suspension plate 9a to the bolts from above as well as from below. Thus, there is a four point suspension with double nuts preventing any vertical displacement. The slots 9b have an arc length of 45° and therefore permit rotational adjustment of the bracket 9 about the common center of these four arc slots. This, of course, requires loosening of nuts 7. The bracket 9 with support and suspension plate 9a is therefore adjustably positionable in relation to the plate 5. As was outlined above, the lateral slots 5d permit lateral adjustment of the position of the mounting plate 5 vis-a-vis the support and carrier construction 1. Plate 9a has a cross-like configuration in a three dimensional pattern. 
     It can readily be seen that in addition to the lateral displacement and the angular displacement of the bracket 9 it is also height adjustable due to the length of the threaded bolts 6 because the carrier plate 9a can be fastened by means of the nuts 7 to the suspending bolts 6 in a variety of levels. 
     The bracket element 9 supports at its lower end a rail 2. In view of the adjustment as described in the preceding paragraphs, the rail 2 can be laterally shifted, lowered and raised as well as pivoted over a range of amounting to a total of 45°. Bracket element 9 has a carrier plate 9c of crimped configuration and receives the rail 2 in the illustrated orientation and disposition. The upper crimped end portion of plate 9c bears centrally from below against the upper portion 2a of the rail, and the central web 2b of the rail bears centrally against the flat part of plate 9c whereby laterally displaced aperture-holes 9d receive fastener bolts by means of which the rail 2 is fastened to and urged against the carrier plate 9c. 
     Further features are to be seen in that the cross-section through the bracket element 9 has an I shaped configuration while the bracket element in the range of the upper, suspension plate 9a is a cross-like cross-sectional configuration as stated. This multiple cross-contour is chosen so that the arcuate slots 9b are not interrupted. The bracket element 9 as a whole has the configuration of a C and the bores 9d are laterally displaced from the plane of the C. The bracket element 9, the plate 5 and the clamping bracket 3 are preferably all made of cast iron. 
     The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but all changes and modifications thereof, not constituting departures from the spirit and scope of the invention, are intended to be included.