Supporting structure for heat insulation
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a supporting structure and is directed in particular to a supporting structure for supporting heat insulation elements for insulating components, in particular, components of steam generators of the type that are used in the primary circuit of nuclear power stations. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     In the case of a steam generator for a nuclear power station, the steam generator part in question is surrounded by a spaced group of vertical supports and brackets are attached to the supports for connection to brackets on fixed heat insulation elements which surround the steam generator part in question. 
     This structure obviously takes up considerable room and is impractical in particular when a testing machine must be moved to a certain place to test weld seams on the steam generator part after appropriate removable heat insulation elements have been removed. Difficulties also arise when the testing member of this device must be pushed forward across a relatively large distance to reach the seam or another part to be tested. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a supporting structure for heat insulation elements for a steam generator for a nuclear power station which requires much less room. This result is achieved, according to the present invention, through the use of hanging ties. The hanging ties, to which the heat insulation elements are attached, hang down from suspension pivots on the steam generator which are suspended with the steam generator component in the building which houses the steam generator. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hanging ties are integrated into the construction of the heat insulation elements. 
     If the steam generator part in question is made up of a plurality of separate parts which are joined together by weld seams, these weld seams require regular inspection which is carried out at appropriate time intervals in accordance with applicable regulations. For this purpose the heat insulation elements which cover the weld seams are removed and the testing device is moved to the portion of the structure to be tested. According to the present invention, the heat insulation includes spaced-apart fixed parts which hang down and define spaces between the fixed parts, i.e., spaces where weld seams to be tested are located, and these spaces may be sealed off by insertions. The spaces themselves are bridged by bridges and the insertions which seal off the spaces are mounted to such bridges. 
     In an arrangement having bridges which bridge circumferentially extending seams, the insulation supporting structure according to the present invention is characterized by a hollow beam which bridges the vertical space between two fixed heat insulation parts, the beam being capable of being joined at its two ends to parts of the frame for the fixed heat insulation part in question, and preferably being provided in the middle with laterally protruding flanges. This results in a frame for the removable heat insulating elements to be inserted into this frame. An insulating material whose insulating properties are superior to those of the fixed heat insulation elements may be used in the construction of the removable heat insulation elements. Since the removable heat insulation elements generally have smaller dimensions that the fixed heat insulation elements, the additional expense for the superior heat insulating material is relatively insignificant. This superior heat insulating material provides for substantially even heat insulation to be provided all around the steam generator to be insulated. 
     The invention also applies to a supporting structure having longitudinal seam bridges. Each such longitudinal seam bridge is characterized by a sectional beam which conforms with the curvature of the insulated steam generator component and is screwed to the frame or to a part of the frame of the corresponding fixed heat insulation element. Since such longitudinal seams are in general mutually staggered, it is preferred that the hanging ties be divided and provided with bracing ties, each of which extends from the upper point of connection of the hanging tie to the corresponding fixed heat insulation element, penetrating the latter, possibly extending on a slant, and leading to the lower point of connection of a further hanging tie on this fixed heat insulation element. This provides a supporting structure which is completely balanced statically. This consideration also applies to the insertions of heat insulation elements in the longitudinally extending seam area as well as to insertions of heat insulation elements in the radially extending seam area. 
     In a further feature of the invention, the supporting structure includes tracks for the travel of any required testing devices or manipulators therefor, these tracks being advantageously arranged radially interiorly of the outer surface of the heat insulation elements carried by the supporting structure. This feature of the invention is particularly advantageous with respect to a steam generator of a nuclear power station because components of nuclear power stations must be periodically, mechanically tested, and the heat insulation elements in this area must not only be capable of being quickly dismounted and remounted, they must also be possible to install testing devices or manipulators therefor in this area. Up to now, special carrying structures for tracks for the travel of such devices were required for this purpose. 
     However, in older nuclear power stations, mechanized periodic testing using built-in manipulator tracks is not possible due to the lack of room. Only by integrating manipulator tracks into the supporting structure for the heat insulation elements and in particular by arranging the tracks radially interiorly of the outer surface of the heat insulation is it possible to save approximately 80% of the space previously required, making it possible, using the supporting structure according to the present invention, to perform complete mechanized periodic testing in old plants as well, after replacing the heat insulation. 
     In the following, the invention shall be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a side view of a steam generator in a nuclear power station, the lower part of this steam generator being omitted and the heat insulation elements thereof shown only in cross-section; 
     FIG. 2 is a developed fragmentary view, at an enlarged scale, showing the suspended structure and the fixed parts of the heat insulation elements shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 including a showing of certain elements that are omitted from FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity; 
     FIG. 3 is a side view, partially in cross-section, of a circumferentially extending seam bridge in its connection with an upper and a lower fixed heat insulation element; 
     FIG. 4 is a front view of the bridge of FIG. 3; 
     FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line V--V of FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of a longitudinally extending seam bridge of the suspended structure in FIG. 2; and 
     FIG. 7 is a plan view taken in the direction of arrow VII of FIG. 6. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     In FIG. 1, 1 refers to an installation, for example a steam generator of a nuclear power station, which is suspended via pivots 2 on a suspension means (not shown) of the power station building. This installation consists of a plurality of separate sections which are joined together in each case by circumferentially extending weld seams 4, 5, 6, and 7. The weld seams 4 through 7 are joined by longitudinally extending weld seams which can be seen in FIG. 2, for example, at 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14. FIG. 2 also shows suspensions for hanging ties at 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19, the hanging ties being identified in FIG. 2 by reference numerals 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, and 27. The hanging ties 20 through 27 serve the purpose of supporting fixed heat insulation elements, which are indicated in FIG. 2 by hatching at 28, 29, and 30. For structural reasons, it may be necessary, not just to conduct the hanging ties straight through the heat insulation elements, but to supplement them within the heat insulation elements, for example by oblique braces 31 and 32 in the fixed heat insulation element 28. These braces lead, for example in the case of fixed heat insulation element 28, from a common suspension point on the hanging tie 21 to attachment points 34 and 33 for the continuation of the hanging tie 20 or a new hanging tie 36, respectively. Other similar hanging ties can be seen in the drawing and need not be described in more detail. 
     It can be seen in FIG. 2 that spaces 37 and 38 are left between the fixed heat insulation elements 28, 29, and 30, these spaces being in front of longitudinally extending seams 9 and 12, respectively. A similar space 40 exists between fixed heat insulation elements 28 and 39. In this case the space 40 exposes the circumferentially extending weld seam 6. 
     FIG. 2 also indicates tracks 35 provided in the area of the circumferentially extending weld seams 5, 6, and 7, as well as a track 35&#39; just below circumferentially extending weld seam 4 for the travel of testing devices or manipulators therefor when required. One of these tracks 35 is shown in cross-section in FIG. 3. It is attached to angles 45 and 46, which will be dealt with below in more detail, and is located radially interioraly of the surface of the heat insulation element. 
     The spaces between the individual fixed heat insulation parts are bridged. At 41 one can see a circumferentially extending seam bridge which is shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 5, while at 42 one can see a longitudinally extending seam bridge which is shown in detail in FIGS. 6 and 7. 
     It can be seen in FIG. 3 that the angle 45 is screwed an inner frame part 43 of fixed heat insulation element 44, and the angle 46 is screwed to a similar inner frame part 43&#39; of a fixed heat insulation element 47. The two angles are bridged by a sectional beam 48 which bears two flanges 49 and 50 welded in the middle thereon. The sectional beam 48 can also be seen in FIG. 5, which also shows the attachment of the flanges 49 and 50. 
     Thus, a bridge is formed in the space between the two fixed heat insulation elements 44 and 47, an insert 81 being inserted in a space 51 behind this bridge in the direction of the steam generator. This insert is also a heat insulation element, but is formed of a thermal insulating material of somewhat higher quality than that used in fixed heat insulation elements 44 and 47, so that uniform thermal insulating properties extend across the entire surface. 
     The bridging of the longitudinally extending seams can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7. The wall to be insulated can be seen at 52. Numeral 53 refers to a fixed heat insulation element. Numeral 54 is also a fixed heat insulation element. In order to make a seam 55 accessible, a space is left which is identified generally by reference numeral 56 in FIG. 7. It is bridged at the top and at the bottom by bridge elements 57 and 58, which are screwed down via screws 59, 60 and 61, 62, respectively, on angles in the framework of the fixed heat insulation elements, and may thus be removed when necessary. 
     Having thus described the present invention by way of an exemplary embodiment, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made from the exemplary embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention or the scope of the claims appended thereto.