Dispenser
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a device for dispensing measured quantities of selected fluid materials and is particularly useful in dispensing measured quantities of granular free flowing fluids. 
     Prior means of dispensing granular materials have generally included simple pour spouts pivotably cooperatively disposed in the cap of selected containers of such granular material, for example, salt, sugar, coffee, etc. Such devices have not provided means for successively and uniformly measuring the amount of material dispensed, but rather have been provided for pouring such materials into external measuring devices such as spoons, cups etc. 
     While various types of industrial equipment have been provided for metering or measuring and delivering selected quantities of granular free flowing material, such equipment is extremely expensive and used generally only in commercial or industrial applications where costs of such equipment can be justified. 
     At present, no useful inexpensive, measuring device is known which is useful in dispensing measured quantities of granular material for use by consumers. More particularly, no present apparatus is known to be available which is so inexpensive that it is economical to dispose of the measuring apparatus upon emptying the container to which the apparatus is attached. 
     Various other devices have been made available for dispensing measured quantities of liquids which are inexpensive enough for use by consumers, but such devices are generally adapted only to deliver a preselected quantity of liquids determined at the time the apparatus is manufactured and no device is presently known for delivering measured quantities of a liquid where the quantity to be delivered can be easily modified by the user of the device. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a straightforward, very inexpensive, device for delivering selected and variable quantities of a fluid material. 
     Devices in accordance with the present invention can be adapted to be included in caps of various containers, for example, containers for granular free flowing material such as coffee or salt, at the time the containers are closed at the manufacturing location. 
     The present invention further provides a straightforward, extremely inexpensive, dispensing device for dispensing fluid materials in preselected volumes where the volume of material to be dispensed can be selectively determined by the user of the device. 
     Devices in accordance with the present invention can be adapted to be carried in the cap of various containers, for example, containers for granular free flowing materials. 
     The present invention provides an arrangement for successively delivering measured quantities of selected fluid material from a container where the fluid material can include liquids or free flowing granular materials and the device includes a cap member adapted for connection to the container for the fluid where the cap member has at least one cooperative opening means therein: first chamber means defined beneath said cap means to be disposed within the container, defined by spaced sidewalls extending laterally from the bottom of the cap means in generally parallel relation and endwall means extending between the sidewalls and around a portion of the periphery of the sidewalls where the endwall and sidewall means are adapted to provide a first opening from the chamber communicating with the container and a second opening communicating with the opening of the cap means to provide for admission of fluid to the chamber and emission of fluid from chamber, first moveable closure means to selectively cover the first opening and second moveable cover means to cover the second opening where the first and second closure means are interconnected for common movement from the first position to cover the first opening and to open the second opening to a second position to cover the second opening and open the first opening; and adjustable wall means located within the chamber means to selectively adjust the amount of fluid which can be admitted to the chamber from the container when the first opening is uncovered. 
     Various other features of the present invention will become obvious to those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure set for the hereinafter. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     One example of an arrangement in accordance with the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings where: 
     FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a dispensing device in accordance with the present invention; and 
     FIG. 2 is a view taken along a plane passing through line 2--2 of FIG. 1 showing flap members in open position; and 
     FIG. 3 is a view of the example of the device in accordance with the present invention as shown in FIG. 1 incorporated in a container. 
    
    
     Referring now to FIG. 1, the dispensing device is provided in a lid or cap 1 which can be adapted to be received in a selected container. The device provides a first chamber 2 defined by generally semicircular sidewalls 3-3A located in spaced mutually parallel relation from the underside of cap 1 to define the sides of chamber 2. An endwall 4 of generally semicircular cross section (FIG. 2) is provided to extend between the edges of sidewalls 3 and 3A from an edge C abutting the underside of cap 1 around a portion of the edges of sidewalls 3-3A to terminate at an edge 3D so an opening 6 is defined to chamber 2. 
     A closure valve assembly is provided to selectively close opening 6 including spaced sidewalls 7-7A of arcuate shape having generally the same diameter as the diameter of semicircular side-walls 3-3A where sidewalls 7-7 A are adapted to be received on the outside surfaces of sidewalls 3-3A and slide over a portion of the outer surfaces of sidewalls 3-3A as hereinafter described. The closure assembly is advantageously received in an opening 5 provided in cap 1. Sidewalls 7-7A are connected along edges 7C to a flap 8 which is pivotably connected to cap 1 along an edge 8A of flap 8 as shown where flap 8 can be moved from first position, as shown in FIG. 1, covering opening 5 to a second position as shown in FIG. 2 with flaps 8 and 18 in open position. The valve closure moves with movement of flap 8 as hereinafter described. An endwall 9 of generally semicircular cross section is provided to extend between sidewalls 7-7A along a portion of the perimeter of sidewalls 7-7A to provide a closure for opening 6 from chamber 2 as shown in FIG. 2. Endwall 9 advantageously terminates a selected distance from flap 8 to provide an opening 6A as shown in FIG. 2 for emission of material from chamber 2 when flap 8 is lifted away from cap 1 so endwall 9 covers opening 6. 
     Within the scope of the present invention, means can be provided to selectively vary the volume of material admitted to chamber 2. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, moveable, spaced, generally parallel semicircular sidewalls 16-16A are disposed in chamber 2 inside walls 3-3A for and connected to a closure 18 adapted for pivotal movement about lid 1. The lower edges of walls 16-16A can be semicircular of approximately the same diameter as walls 3-3A and can be disposed to abutt walls 3-3A. A cooperative opening 19 can be provided, as shown, in cap 1 so that walls 16-16A can be moved into and out of chamber 2 as hereinafter described. The top edges of walls 16-16A can be connected to cooperative flap 18 pivotably connected to cap 1 so that sidewalls 16, 16A move into and out of chamber 2 wih movement of cap 18. 
     Within the scope of the present invention, the volume of material received in and dispensed from chamber 2 can be selectively varied. In the example shown, a flap 17 is pivotably connected to flap 18 by means of a turned down leg 17A and is disposed to extend into chamber 2. Advantageously, flap 17 extends through the depth of chamber 2 from adjacent cap 1 to endwall 4 and carries a laterally extending leg 17B to engage endwall 4 so that a chamber 2A (FIG. 2) is defined with flap 17 as an endwall. Flap 17 can be selectively positioned in chamber 2 to selectively vary the volume of chamber 2A as desired. Advantageously, protrusions 20 can be provided on wall 3A or 3 or both to extend into chamber 2 to retain flap 17 at selected locations in chamber 2 when the edge of flap 17 comes to rest between adjacent protrusions 20. 
     FIG. 3 shows operation of an arrangement 22 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in place in an inverted container 21 which can include granular free flowing material (not shown). 
     The arrangement shown illustrates the cap in full line in firs position to receive material as indicated by arrow 23 through opening 6A into chamber 2A, that is, flap 8 is closed against cap 1 so that, when container 21 is inverted, the fluid material in container 21 fills chamber 2A. 
     Flap 8 is then opened to the position shown in dotted lines and as also shown in FIG. 2, so that material indicated by arrow 24 flows out of chamber 2A. 
     As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and previously described, flap 18 is provided to cover opening 19 in cap 1 where opening 19 is advantageously provided to permit access to chamber 2 for positioning flap 17. 
     Specifically, in the example shown, flap 17 can be positioned in chamber 2 by opening flaps 8 and 18 and moving flap 17 to the desired position where the position is secured by means of protrusions 20 as previously described. 
     It is to be understood that the foregoing is but one example of an arrangement within the scope of the present invention and that various other arrangements within the scope of the present invention as claimed hereinafter will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosures set forth hereinbefore.