Guidance apparatus for bicycle training
BACKGROUND--FIELD OF INVENTION. 
     This invention relates to bicycles, specifically a device for assisting in the training of bicycle riding. 
     BACKGROUND--DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART. 
     Riding a bicycle involves a learning process. Children often start this process by riding on a tricycle which provides them with the first notion of pedaling and steering. The next step usually involves the experience of riding a bicycle with training wheels. The intended purpose of training wheels is to give the child the perception of safety while learning to control his/her balance when riding on two wheels. 
     Many people believe that the training wheels may have an adverse effect on the learning curve of riding a bicycle. The child often tends to rely on the training wheels and leans to one side of the bicycle, thus acquiring the habit of riding the bicycle without learning to balance. Therefore, it is a common practice to remove the training wheels of the bicycle and train the child to ride on two wheels while holding on to the bicycle seat. The grip of the bicycle seat is usually an uncomfortable position for the supervising adult and provides limited control of the bicycle. This method of training can sometimes compromise the safety of the child. 
     We have conducted an extensive research of training devices for bicycle riding. Our finding is that the only devise is training wheels. Several tricycle guiders have been proposed- for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 2,816,775 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,336,048. These patents are related to tricycles only and are comprised of a guidance apparatus which connects to the front handlebars of the tricycle. The main objective of these patents is to control the steering of the tricycle. The objective and functionality of the above mentioned patents differ from our invention and therefore, to the best of our knowledge, cannot be considered as competitive inventions. 
     OBJECTS AND ADVANTAGES. 
     Our invention, explained in detailed in Section (g), is a bicycle riding training device which consists of a guidance apparatus in the form of a handle equipped with a hand-brake(optional) and connects to the rear portion of the bicycle. This handle allows the supervising adult to control the child&#39;s bicycle while the child learns how to balance him/herself when riding on two wheels. 
     Several objects and advantages of our invention are: 
     1. To provide with a comfortable grip of the bicycle by using elevated handle. 
     2. To provide with full control of the bicycle by connecting close to the center of gravity of the bicycle. 
     3. To provide an immediate response to correct an abrupt tilt of the bicycle. 
     4. To provide a safety feature to control the bicycle when going downhill or to stop the bicycle in case of emergency. 
     5. To allow the child to build up his/her riding skills gradually without the need to disconnect the device from the bicycle. 
    
    
     DRAWING FIGURES 
     FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the guidance apparatus mounted on a bicycle. 
     FIG. 2 shows exploded views of the connections of the guidance apparatus to the seat tube and to the brake bridge of a bicycle. 
    
    
     REFERENCE NUMERICAL IN DRAWINGS 
     10--Elongated tubular shaft. 
     11--Plastic cap 
     12--Rubber layer 
     15--Handle 
     20--U-shaped bolts 
     21--U-shaped brackets 
     22--Lock nuts 
     23--Lock nut 
     25--Eye bolt 
     26--Bolt 
     30--Seat tube 
     31--Brake bridge 
     40--Standard bicycle hand-brake system 
     DESCRIPTION--STRUCTURE OF INVENTION 
     A typical embodiment of the guidance apparatus is illustrated in FIG. 1 (perspective view). 
     The guidance apparatus consists of an elongated tubular shaft 10 fixedly secured at the lower end to the bicycle&#39;s seat tube 30 and to the brake bridge 31 and equipped with a handle 15 at the upper end. A standard bicycle hand-brake system 40 (optional) can be connected to the shaft as illustrated in FIG. 1. 
     Typical connections and the parts of the guidance apparatus are depicted in FIG. 2 (exploded view). 
     The connection of the shaft to the bicycle&#39;s seat tube 30 is with two U-shaped bolts 20 which couple the lower end of the shaft 10 to the seat tube using two U-shaped brackets 21 secured by two lock nuts 22. The lower end of the shaft 10 is coated with thin layer of rubber 12 and equipped with plastic cap 11 at the bottom. The connection of the shaft 10 to the bicycle brake bridge 31 is with a single Eye bolt 25 inserted and fixedly secured with a lock nut 23 to the shaft 10, on one end, and fixedly secured with a bolt 26 to the bicycle brake bridge 31, on the other end. The same bolt 26 can also be used to connect standard bicycle hand-brake system 40 (optional) to the bicycle brake bridge 31. 
     DESCRIPTION--OPERATION OF INVENTION 
     Once the guidance apparatus is mounted to the bicycle, the supervising adults holds on to the handle 15 and helps the child to balance him/herself while riding the bicycle. The guidance apparatus allows the supervising adult to correct an abrupt tilt of the bicycle by controlling the balance of the child with lateral movement of the handle 15. In case of emergency the supervising adult can slow down or stop the bicycle by pulling the handle 15 back or by using standard bicycle hand-brake system 40 (optional). 
     SUMMARY, RAMIFICATIONS, AND SCOPE 
     Accordingly, the guidance apparatus provides new means for training children in bicycle riding. It provides the child with the right notion of riding a bicycle on two wheels, provides the child with the sense of safety while learning to balance him/herself, allows the supervising adult with comfortable grip and full control of the bicycle, provides with safety measure to stop the bicycle in case of emergency and overall reduces the time require to learn how to ride a bicycle.