Device for dispensing and dosing a product, such as a cosmetic product, contained in a receptacle
The invention relates to a device for dispensing and dosing a product, such as a cream, a gel or a milk, contained in a receptacle, such as a tube or a bag which can be relatively supple and having a product outlet aperture where the device is placed. 
     Today, various systems are known which serve to dispense or to dose one product or another, and this particularly in the field of household products or some more or less pasty food products. 
     But these existing systems have at least one of the following disadvantages: 
     if they are dispensers, these systems are not all dosers; and if they are dosers they do not necessarily provide a pumping of the product, from the receptacle towards the doser; 
     they are not necessarily provided with a non-return device preventing the product from returning into the receptacle when the dispensing system is operated, 
     when they are not associated with a receptacle under pressure, they are not generally usable the right way up and the wrong way up alike, 
     their leaktightness is often relative. Thus, the dispensing orifice often contains traces of product after use, 
     if they are dosers, these dispensers do not systematically permit practical restitution in full of the intended dose of product. 
     The invention aims in particular to remedy these disadvantages at least in part. 
     To this effect, according to a first feature of the invention, the device envisaged comprises: 
     a first valve to be disposed across the aperture of the product receptacle, and 
     a slide system associated with the said first valve so as, in a first movement of the said system, to develop a dosing chamber communicating with the said receptacle through the said valve, while allowing the product to pass from the receptacle to the dosing chamber, the said slide system occupying, at the end of the said first movement, a position closing off the access of the product contained in the chamber to a discharge passage connected to the outside of the said device, whereas at the time of a second movement of the said slide system which is the reverse of the first, the latter opens the access to the said discharge passage then allowing only the dispensing of the product to the outside by application of a pressure on the product contained in the said dosing chamber, thus forcing this product towards the said discharge passage, while prohibiting its return towards the receptacle by closure of the said first valve. 
     It will immediately be noted that such a device remedies practically all of the disadvantages noted above. 
     However, it will not necessarily offer a perfect pumping of the product from the receptacle to the dosing chamber. 
     That is why a second feature of the invention proposes, in order to reinforce the &#34;pump&#34; aspect of the device, to construct the latter so that it comprises: 
     a fixed part and a movable part forming the said slide system, the movable part penetrating locally into the fixed part so as to form therein a piston which is movable in the fixed part, this piston having passing through it the said passage for discharging the product to the outside, 
     means for activating the said movable part tending naturally to activate the piston in the direction of the said first movement, and 
     a second value associated with the said piston so as to open the communication between the dosing chamber and the outside (via the discharge passage) at the time of the said second movement of the piston and to close off this communication at the time of the said first reverse movement, thus creating, in the course of this first movement, a pumping effect, by suction towards the dosing chamber of the product contained in the receptacle. 
     Insofar as this product is capable of reacting on contact with the air, there is provided in the invention the possibility of adding a detachable cap comprising a stud adapted to blank off the product outlet end. 
     It will also be noted that, in order to prevent the filling of the dosing chamber with a dose of product too small to retain its properties for a long time without deterioration, it has also been envisaged that the slide system may have locally a bead for a forcible engagement of the abovementioned cap, driving and maintaining in second position (that is to say with a minimum chamber volume) the movable part of this same slide system. 
     The possibility is also provided of delivering a complete or partial dose of product. In addition, the principle of an axial or lateral dispensing has been taken into account. 
    
    
     Other features and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following description, given with reference to the accompanying drawings which are given solely as non-limitative examples, in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a central cross-section of a first embodiment of the dispensing and dosing device of the invention in place on a receptacle, 
     FIG. 2 is a face-on view of the valve used in the invention for the selective entry of the product into the dosing chamber of the device shown in FIG. 1, 
     FIG. 3 is a view of the central part of the movable part of the device, in the direction of arrow III of FIG. 1, with a partial cross-section of the fixed part which surrounds it, 
     FIG. 4 shows as two coupled external half-views, on the left, a view comparable with that of the device of FIG. 1 in the &#34;high&#34; position and, on the right, the same part in the &#34;low&#34; position retained in this position by a protective cap, 
     FIGS. 5 and 6 show, each in central cross-section, the principle of operation of the device of the preceding figures, 
     FIG. 7 is a central cross-section of a first variant embodiment of the dispensing-dosing device of the invention, 
     FIG. 8 gives the same view of another variant embodiment, 
     FIGS. 9 and 10 give, still with the same view in cross-section, two illustrations of the structure and of the principle of operation of a third variant embodiment of the device of the invention, 
     and FIG. 11 shows a modification of the device making it possible to dispense at will a complete or partial dose of product. 
    
    
     Firstly, we shall concern ourselves with FIG. 1 which shows, then, a device 1 intended to perform both the dispensing and the dosing of a product such as for example, a cosmetic cream or an after-shave balm contained in a receptacle 3 which may in particular be constituted by a bottle having a wall of relatively supple and deformable plastic material provided with a neck with an aperture 4. 
     One advantage of the device 1 is that it comprises a slide system associated with a first shutter or valve 7, so that, for a first movement of this slide system in the direction of the arrow 9, a movable part 11 uncovers a dosing chamber 13 which communicates with the inside of the receptacle 3 through its aperture 4, via the valve 7 which has a movable tongue, the reverse translation movement of the system, (in the direction of the arrow 15) producing on the other hand the application of a pressure on the dose of product (contained in the chamber 13) which then comes to flatten the valve in virtually leaktight manner against the periphery of the aperture 4, closing off the return towards the receptacle, the system simultaneously uncovering a passage for dispensing to the user the dose contained in the chamber whose volume at the end of movement is practically zero. 
     In the version shown, it will be noted that the slide system comprises a fixed part 19 having a tapping 21 for screwing the device onto the threaded neck of the receptacle 3, the wall which bears the tapping continuing beyond and as an upper part through a step 23 enabling the periphery of the first valve 7 to be tightly &#34;sandwiched&#34; between this step and the lip 25 of the neck. 
     It will further be noted that the movable part may be of a design comprising essentially a piston 27 movable in translation in the direction of arrows 9 and 15 with respect to the fixed part 19, between a first position where the piston totally disengages the volume of the chamber 13 and closes the passage 17, and a second position where this same piston reduces the volume of this same chamber 13 to the minimum, thus uncovering the said passage 17, while closing the first valve 7. 
     For its movement in translation, the piston 27 is guided by an internal wall 29 of the fixed part forming a slide penetrating more or less into an opening 31 of the movable part whose guiding is supplemented by a peripheral wall 33 of the same fixed part which extends in the general axial direction 35 of translation of the movable part, in sliding contact with the widest terminal part 37 of the latter. 
     Between this wall 33 and the internal wall which bears the tapping 21, the fixed part 19 may have an opening 39 adapted to receive a spring 41 bearing on one side against the bottom of the o en on the other against an internal annular surface 42 of the movable part 11, so as to ensure the return of the latter towards its &#34;first&#34; position where the chamber 13 offers its entire dosing volume. However, it will be noted that the use of such a return means is not essential. 
     For a dispensing deemed satisfactory during tests, provisions may be made for the passage 17 to consist of one or more channels formed inside the piston 27 and opening on one side to the outside for example through a single orifice 43 and communicating, on the other, with the chamber 13 through the intermediary of a series of orifices 45 made transversely with respect to the direction of translation 35 of the piston on the periphery of the latter close to its end which penetrates into the chamber. 
     At this end, the piston will moreover be shaped so as to terminate with a solid frontal wall 47 forming a second valve and may have a diameter slightly greater than that of the rest of the piston, so as to present a peripheral step 47a adapted to interact with a complementary transverse step 49 of the wall 29, forming a seating when the piston is in the first position, thus hiding the orifices 45. 
     In FIG. 3, it will be noted that the wall 47 which is here perpendicular to axis 35, may have peripherally a series of calibrated cut-outs 51 for the circulation of the product. 
     We shall concern ourselves now with FIG. 4 to note that a detachable packaging cap 53 may top the whole of the device, covering both the movable part 11 and the fixed part 19. 
     Provisions may be made for example for this cap 53 to be able to interact by a &#34;forcible&#34; engagement with a peripheral bead 55 formed at the base of the fixed part 19 so that the cap can bear against a step 57 formed at the base of the neck of the receptacle while driving (in the direction of the arrow 15 of FIG. 1) the movable part 11 towards its &#34;second&#34; position where the dosing chamber 13 has its minimum volume. 
     In FIG. 4, it will also be noted that the cap 53 may comprise an inner protective stud 59 adapted to blank off the open end of the channel 17. 
     It will further be noted that externally the movable part 11 will advantageously have a peripheral swelling or transverse step 61 of relatively gentle curvature which enables it to be grasped in the user&#39;s hand and support his fingers with a view to its operation. 
     With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the principle of operation of the device which has just been described will now be briefly set forth. 
     As a preliminary, it will be noted, however, that the inside of the piston 27 (which constitutes a chamber 63) is shaped differently in these two figures and in FIG. 1 where the passage 17 is constituted by a simple channel of small volume. 
     Be this as it may, the operation of the device is as follows: the movable part 11 will be assumed to be in the &#34;high&#34; position (FIG. 5) with its piston 27 in the &#34;first&#34; position disengaging totally the dosing chamber 13 and hiding the orifices 45 behind the terminal upper part 29a of the peripheral wall 29 of this chamber. 
     If the receptacle 3 is pressed &#34;by squeezing it&#34; for example as indicated by the arrows 65, a certain quantity of product is made to pass towards the chamber 13, by raising the valve tongue in passing. (It will be noted that if the device were not provided with any return spring 41, the piston starting from its &#34;low&#34; position would naturally be pushed towards its &#34;high&#34; position of FIG. 5 by the pressure of the product entering the chamber 13). 
     Once the chamber 13 is filled, in order to obtain the restitution of the dosed quantity of product, it is then sufficient (see FIG. 6) to press on the push 11 (arrow 67) in order for the piston to be driven here downwards, into its second position, and to cause, by pressure on the product, the leaktight bearing of the tongue of the valve 7 against its seating, while simultaneously uncovering the orifices 45, this producing the delivery of the product through the dispensing orifice 43 (arrow 69). 
     For a new dispensing action, it is sufficient to release the movable part 11 which either is returned to the first high position under the effect of the return spring 41, or (in the absence of a spring) remains in the low position, a new pressure on the receptacle 3 then driving it back up by refilling the chamber 13. 
     The version in FIG. 7 differs from that of the preceding figures particularly in that here the movable part 11 1  comprises three parts: a stepped ring-shaped part 75 whose widened base forms a piston slidably mounted along the axis 35 1  in the dosing chamber 13 1 , which is limited externally by the upper cylindrical axial wall 29 1  of the fixed part 19 1  ; the swollen outer push 61 1  which is extended locally and internally, in the axis 35 1 , in the direction of the part 75 by a hollow cylindrical part 73. The part 73 is open at its inner free end 73 1  so as to guide externally the less wide upper part 75 1  of the piston which is driven internally in its axial translation movements through the intermediary of a central third part, 77, elongate in the direction of the axis 35 1  of movement of the piston through whose central orifice 76 it passes, being capable of sliding therein. The control part 77 has an upper part 77 1  fixed (for example screwed) around the central delivery orifice 43 1  of the push and a lower part 77 2  offering a solid transverse wall 79 forming a second valve so as to blank off the central orifice 76 of the piston from the start to the finish of the first movement for refilling the dosing chamber (arrow 9 1 ), while allowing, during the second movement of this same piston (in the direction of the arrow 15 1 ), a passage of product from the dosing chamber to the outside, through the same orifice 76. 
     In order to guide the product to the outside, the part 77 may be connected to an axial tube open at the upper part onto the orifice 43 1 , but closed at the lower part by the wall of value 79, which advantageously will have, so as to perform its valve function, a peripheral step capable of bearing, on the side of the chamber 13 1 , against a step forming a seating 81 of the piston, which at this place will have a clearance having a truncated conical wall 82. 
     Just behind value wall 79, the tube 77 may have, as in the case of the preceding figures, communication orifices 45 1  which are transverse to the axis 35 1  and communicating on one side with the inside of the tube for the passage of the product and, on the other, with the chamber 13 1 , (when the wall forming the valve 79 is not bearing against the seating). 
     For leaktightness, seals 83, 85 are provided on the one hand at the place of the sliding connection between the piston and the guiding wall 29 1  which surrounds it and, on the other hand, between the upper part 75 1  of this same piston and the periphery of the tube 77, just above the orifices 45 1  in FIG. 7. 
     In this same Figure, it will be noted that a clearance J 1  has been left, in the axis 35 1 , between the push (and more particularly its internal extension part 73) and the said piston, so that at the start of the first and second movements, the piston is driven solely after the clearance J 1  has been taken up, this by axial movement of the push to which the piston is thus mechanically linked although the latter is structurally separate therefrom. 
     For the relative operation of the push and of the piston, a helical spring 86 is disposed at the place of the volume reserved between the tube 77 and the wall 73, so that this spring bears on one side against the push and on the other against the top of the piston. In this manner, in the absence of any load, the clearance, J 1  will naturally be maintained and the valve wall 79 will be closed. 
     In other respects, the second variant embodiment of FIG. 7 is closely comparable with that of FIGS. 1 to 6. In this connection it will simply be noted that in this case, in FIG. 7, the return spring (referenced 41 in FIG. 1) of the push 61 1  has not been fitted. 
     Briefly, the operation of the device of this FIG. 7 is as follows: the push and the piston are in the first position, the high position as in FIG. 7. The dosing chamber 13 1  is assumed to be full. A pressure on the push in the direction of the arrow 15 1  causes firstly the taking up of the clearance J 1  with compression of the spring 86 and opening of the valve wall 79, thus disengaging the orifices 45 1 . As the movement continues, the piston is driven downwards by the lower end of the part 73 and by the step 87 of the tube 77, thus compressing the product contained in the dosing chamber. Since this product cannot return towards the receptacle because the first clack valve 7 1  is closed, it is thus forced, via the orifices 45 1  towards the inside of the tube 77 so as finally to emerge on the outside through the axial orifice 43 1  of the push. The descent of the piston terminates when it abuts by its periphery against the fixed part of the periphery of the valve 7 1  . 
     If it is desired for a dose of product then to have a tendency to be sucked from the receptacle 3 1  towards the dosing chamber, a spring would then have to be provided such as that 41 of FIG. 1, so that the push is activated in its upward movement in the direction of the arrow 9 1  and causes, by virtue of the closure of the valve 79 under the effect of the spring 86, the suction of the product with opening of the valve 7 1 . 
     If no spring such as 41 has been provided, the push 61 1  will conversely remain in the low position and it is only under the effect of a compression of the receptacle, for example in the direction of the arrows 89, that the pressure of the product will tend to push back the first valve 7 1 , thus producing a passage of product towards the dosing chamber by pushing the valve wall 79 and therefore the tube 77, thus driving the piston and the push in the direction in parallel manner of the arrow 9 1  far as the high position of FIG. 7. With such an operation (with no return spring of the push), the user can thus ascertain &#34;at sight&#34; whether the dosing chamber is full or empty and he will act accordingly. 
     In the figures described hitherto, it will have been noted that the product is dispensed axially. 
     However, it is possible to envisage a transverse or lateral dispensing action of the type used in shaving foam aerosols. 
     Such a variant embodiment has been devised in FIG. 8. 
     The sole difference with the version of FIG. 7 consists in the shape of the push here referenced 61 2  and in the shape and in the orientation of the product delivery passage 43 2  which passes through it. 
     In this case, the push 61 2  is swollen, with its outer step 91, over only part of its periphery so as to present on the opposite side a sloping upper wall 93. 
     In order to operate the push 61 2  which will still be movable in translation with the piston 75 2  in the axis 35 2  of the receptacle 3 2 , it will be possible to act on the transverse wall 93 or on the lateral step 91 alike, the product which leaves the guiding tube 77 2  being deflected laterally by the angled channel 43 2  so as to emerge on the side, as indicated by the arrow 95. 
     In FIG. 8, it will be further noted that inside the receptacle 3 2  has here been disposed a deformable bag 96 containing the product to be dispensed and for example constructed of polyethylene, the part 3 2  then forming only, an external packaging part. 
     The version in FIGS. 9 and 10 combines the principles of dispensing with dosing and pumping. 
     If it is compared with the preceding versions and more particularly with those of FIGS. 1 to 7, it will be noted that the movable part 11 3  now comprises two parts: the swollen external push 61 3  and an intermediate part forming at its base a piston, 75 3 , extended at the upper part by a substantially truncated conical flared driving part 75 4  retained in an annular clearance 31 3  inside the push by catches 97 formed on the internal extension 73 3  of the push, so as nevertheless to allow a slight axial travel J 2  between the push and the part 75 4  of the piston. 
     As regards to the fixed part 19 3 , this comprises, besides the detachable unit for attachment to the receptacle 3 3  with its upper extension walls 29 3  which limit the dosing chamber 13 3  externally and between which walls slides the piston 75 3 , a central foot 99 which rises, in the dosing chamber, and in the axis 35 3  of movement of the piston from a base plate 99 1  placed facing the aperture of the receptacle. 
     The plate 99 1  has passing through it orifices 101 for the passage towards the chamber 13 3  of the product contained in the receptacle. 
     The first valve disposed at the level of the outlet from the receptacle is here constituted by a series of tongues 103 articulated at the base of the foot 99, facing the orifices 101, so as to cover them or uncover them. 
     Around the foot 99, extends the piston 75 3  with such a clearance that it can slide along the foot allowing, during its descent (second movement in the direction of the arrow 15 3 ), the passage of the product between the foot and the piston (axial central orifice 75 5 ) 
     Beyond the piston, the foot 99 is then surrounded by a ring 105 forming a second valve and slidably mounted around the said foot, its translation towards the free end of the foot being limited by the upper peripheral step 107 of the foot. 
     In practice, the valve ring 105 will be able to slide along the foot between two extreme positions, an upper position (FIG. 9) and lower position (FIG. 10) respectively. 
     In the two FIGS. 9 and 10, the presence will further be noted of a spring 41 3  for returning the push towards its high position shown in FIG. 9, as well as the intended &#34;axial&#34; dispensing of the product, even though it would have been perfectly possible to envisage adapting to this version the lateral dispensing principle of FIG. 8. 
     The embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10 operates as follows: the piston is in the high position (FIG. 9). The dosing chamber is assumed to be full. A pressure on the push in the direction of the arrow 15 3  serves firstly to take up the axial clearance J 2  and then to drive the piston 75 3  in translation in the axis 35 3 . The descent of the piston compresses the product contained in the chamber 13 3  which cannot return towards the receptacle, the tongues 103 forming a screen. The product is therefore compelled to pass through the passage 75 5  so as to emerge onto the outlet 43 3  via the internal volume 74 which is limited externally by the annular wall 73 3  of the . push completely open at its base. This circulation of the product keeps the second valve ring 105 in the high position, blocked against the step 107 of the foot 99. 
     Once the travel of the piston is complete, the chamber 13 3  has released its dose of product. Since the product is no longer forced towards the outside, the valve ring 105 then descends naturally (supposing the receptacle is held substantially vertically the right way up) until it abuts against the top part of the piston 75 3  (see FIG. 10). Release of the push 61 3  then causes the 25 latter to rise in the direction of the arrow 9 3 , under the action of the return spring(s) 41 3 . Once the clearance J 2  has been taken up, the catches 97 drive the piston in their movement, via its driving extension 75 4 . The rising of the piston (the valve ring 105 being closed) then causes (if suitable dimensions have been respected) a pumping by suction of the product which may be contained in the receptacle 31 3 , this through opening of the tongues 103 of the first valve (see arrows 109 of FIG. 10). Thus, a new dose of product progressively fills, by suction, the dosing chamber. In the high position (FIG. 9), the travels of the piston and of the push are blocked in particular by the step 107 for stopping the valve ring 105 which still closes off the outlet of the passage 75 5 . A new dose of product is then ready to be dispensed. 
     In FIG. 10, it will be noted that the outlet orifice 43 3  has a truncated conical shape converging progressively towards the outside. 
     In this manner, and by virtue of the above-mentioned pumping effect, an effect of suction &#34;to the last drop&#34; will tend to be produced, at the level of the orifice 43 3  when the piston rises, as shown diagrammatically by the arrows 111. 
     It will again be noted that it is perfectly possible for the receptacle to be rigid and to constitute a simple packaging element for a deformable leaktight inner bag 113, for example of plastic material (P.E.) initially filled with product and whose volume would be diminished progressively as this product was dispensed. 
     FIG. 11 shows diagrammatically an embodiment of the fixed and movable parts of the device making it possible to dispense a complete or partial (for example half ) dose of the product, depending on the orientation in rotation in the axis 35 of the movable part which forms the stopper 11, with respect to the fixed part 19. For this, the stopper 11 has internally, as an overthickness of its lateral wall, two protuberances 115, elongated and parallel with the axis 35 and shaped so as to slide in interacting cutaways 117, made externally in part of the thickness of the lateral wall 29 of the fixed part. In this case, the cutaways 117 have a step defining upper stops 119a and lower stops 119b, limiting at two different levels the axial travel of the stopper 11. Thus, depending on whether the protuberances 115 are located facing the stops 119a or 119b, a dose or a partial dose of product can be dispensed.