Optical disk device
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to an optical disk device, and in particular to a construction thereof for preventing penetration of dust into the optical disk mounting space and temperature rise in that space. 
     Heretofore there is known a device of this kind disclosed in JP-A-2-71487. For the device described above, although attention is paid to prevention of penetration of dust into the optical disk mounting portion, attention is not paid satisfactorily to the fact that temperature of an optical pickup rises, which shortens the life of a laser diode and that vibration is transmitted to the optical disk mounting portion, which gives rise to tracking errors and destruction of the optical disk. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The object of the present invention is to provide an optical disk device capable of being used even at a dusty place, suppressing temperature rise of the optical pickup as far as possible, and further having a vibration proof structure. 
     In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, the driving portion including the optical pickup and the optical disk portion is shielded from the exterior and sealed and in addition the driving portion is supported by elastic bodies as a measure to prevent vibration. Furthermore it is shielded also from heat producing sources in order to reduce temperature rise. 
     Since a mechanical cover covering the optical pickup portion serves as a shielding member to prevent penetration of dust and heat within a chassis and a door closes the insertion hole after insertion of an optical disk so as to seal it, dust penetrates hardly thereinto. In this way the optical lenses disposed in the device are contaminated scarcely by dust. Further, since the sealed driving portion is supported by elastic bodies, vibration of the pickup due to external vibration is prevented. In this way tracking errors are prevented and at the same time damage of the optical disk due to contact there of with a cartridge can be prevented. Furthermore, since the laser diode is hardly heated, neither erroneous operations nor shortening of the life take place. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention viewed from a side; 
     FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the embodiment, the top cover thereof being partly broken to show the interior; 
     FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the principal part of the device indicated in FIG. 2A. 
     FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an operation state of the device indicated in FIG. 1 at the insertion of a cartridge; 
     FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view along a line I--I in FIG. 2A; 
     FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment illustrating the internal structure; 
     FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of another embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an internal structure, in the case where the elastic bodies are disposed outside of the mechanical cover 7; 
     FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another internal structure, in the case where the elastic bodies are disposed outside of the mechanical cover 7; and 
     FIG. 10 is a scheme indicating the dust proof effect of the present invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinbelow the present invention will be explained, referring to the embodiments indicated in FIGS. 1 to 10. 
     In FIGS. 1 and 2A, the main body of the optical disk device consists of a chassis 15, a front panel 14 mounted on the front of this chassis 15 and a top cover 21 mounted thereon. 
     Inside the main body is mounted a mechanical cover 7. The mechanical cover 7 is composed of two parts, the upper part 8 and the lower part 9, which are jointed with each other by means of a nail 10. 
     Inside of the mechanical cover 7 a mechanical chassis 5 is mounted on the mechanical cover 7 through elastic members 6. In FIGS. 3-5, a rotating driving portion 22 which holds an optical disk 1 to rotate it, an optical pickup portion 2 which reads out signals recorded on the optical disk using a light beam, and a forwarding mechanical portion 4 which forwards a disk cartridge 3 incorporating the optical disk 1 from the exterior to the disk rotating portion 22 and load the disk cartridge 3 on the disk rotating portion 22, are mounted on this mechanical chassis 5. 
     The mechanical chassis 5 is secured to the mechanical cover 7 by means of screws through gum cushions, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 3, or elastic bodies such as springs, as indicated in FIGS. 6 and 7, so that vibrations are not transmitted from the exterior thereto. When the elastic bodies 6 are disposed inside of the mechanical cover 7, as indicated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the vibration proof effect is greater than when they are disposed outside of the mechanical cover 7, as indicated in FIGS. 8 and 9, since in FIG. 8 a vibration due to an external shock, transmits to the optical disk and since in FIG. 9 a vibration due to a touch of a person to the door transmits to the optical disk. The transmission of the vibration to the optical disk gives damage to the optical disk and reading errors. 
     The mechanical cover is closed apart from a hole 12 as small as possible for taking out a controlling line member 11 for the optical pickup portion 2 and a disk cartridge insertion hole portion 17. In the embodiments indicated in FIGS. 1, 3 and 7, the front of the mechanical cover 7 is brought into contact with the front panel 14. A wiring board 16, on which electric parts, etc. are mounted to form a controlling circuit and which is secured to the chassis 15, is disposed between the mechanical cover 7 and the chassis 15. The construction of the mechanical cover 7 is not restricted to that described above, but it may be so constructed that a door 18 is brought into contact with the front of the mechanical cover, as indicated in FIG. 6. Further, although the door 18 is disposed outside of the front panel 14, as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 3, it may be disposed inside thereof, as indicated in FIG. 7. 
     The front panel 14 has the disk cartridge insertion hole 17 and it is mounted on the chassis 15 so that the whole device has an almost closely sealed structure owing to the chassis 15. Further the door 18 is brought into close contact with the outer surface of the front of the chassis 15 so as to close the insertion hole 17. Furthermore the door 18 is supported pivotably at the side parts of the mechanical cover by bearings on the inner side of the front panel 14 and energized by two springs 19 in the direction, where it is brought into close contact with the insertion hole 17, as indicated in FIGS. 2A and 2B. The optical pickup portion 2 reads out signals by using a laser diode (not shown in the figure), optical lenses, etc. In particular, an objective lens 20 is disposed on a surface thereof opposite to the optical disk 1. The top cover 21 is a cover covering the upper part of the device, which is brought into close contact with the chassis 15 and the front panel 14. 
     Next the operation of the device will be explained. When the door 18 is opened manually and the disk cartridge 3 is inserted, it is pulled-in in the horizontal direction by the forwarding mechanical portion 4 (since this portion doesn&#39;t relate particularly to the present invention, the operation thereof will not be described) and thereafter lowered so that the disk cartridge 3 is located in position by the forwarding mechanical portion 4 and the mechanical chassis 5 and further the optical disk is mounted on the rotating portion 22 in a manner that the optical disk 1 does not come in contact with the inner surface of the disk cartridge 3. At this time the door 18 is automatically closed owing to the force of the springs 19 indicated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, so as to be brought into close contact with the chassis so that the optical pickup portion 2 is closely shielded from the exterior. Further the optical pickup portion 2 is shielded by the mechanical cover 7 from heat producing sources inside of the chassis 15 such as the wiring board 16 including electric parts generating heat at the operation, a power supplying transformer not shown in the figure, etc. Since, in addition, the optical pickup is shielded from dust coming from the exterior, it is prevented that the level of the optical signals outputted by the optical pickup 2 is lowered by dirt of the lenses. FIG. 10 indicates experimentally the effect of the present invention. That is, it shows variations in the output level of signals read out by the optical pickup, in the case where an optical disk device, in which the closely shielding cover according to the present invention is used, and another optical disk device, in which it is not used, are located in a space having a predetermiend volume and sand dust, etc. are sprayed periodically in this space. As clearly seen from FIG. 10, it is understood that the optical pickup is protected against dust from the exterior according to the present invention. Further it is shielded by the mechanical cover from heat generated in the wiring board 16 so that the heat is not transmitted to the laser diode in the optical pickup 2. 
     Furthermore, according to the present invention, the optical disk rotating driving portion 22, the optical pickup portion 2 and the forwarding mechanical portion 4 for forwarding and holding the disk cartridge 3 are mounted on the mechanical chassis 5 so that they are constructed in one body. Since this construction in one body is held by the mechanical cover 7 through the elastic members 6, the optical disk 1, the disk cartridge 3 surrounded it and the mechanism for driving and holding them are arranged relatively in a predetermined correct positional relation and therefore they are so constructed that they are hardly influenced by vibrations from the exterior. 
     Further, in the prevent invention, it is easy to dispose a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the objective lens by means of a brush in the disk forwarding mechanical portion or the optical pickup portion. 
     According to the present invention, since it is possible to shield the optical pickup from the exterior by means of the mechanical cover and the door, penetration of dirty atmosphere into the objective lens portion in the optical pickup is reduced and the objective lens doesn&#39;t become dirty. In this way the optical signal level is not lowered and the figure of merit is improved several times with respect to the prior art technique. In this way the device can be used for a long time without cleaning. Thus an effect can be obtained that reliability is increased such that no reading errors take place, etc. 
     Further neither convection of air nor radiation takes place owing to the fact that the optical pickup is shielded by the mechanical cover from heat generating parts and heat is transmitted hardly to the laser diode. Thus an effect is obtained that temperature rise of the laser diode is reduced and that the life is scarcely shortened.