Process for preparing aminoalkylcarbamic esters of eseroline
This is a Division of application Ser. No. 08/079,921, filed Jun. 23, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,302,593. 
    
    
     PRIOR ART 
     Several memory dysfunctions, and in particular the senile dementia of Alzheimer&#39;s type, are characterized by a reduction in the acetylcholine neurotransmitter levels in some areas of brain. In these cases, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine, is therapeutically effective. 
     As known, physostigmine is a potent natural inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase which, as demonstrated by several clinical tests, has beneficial effects on patients affected by mental diseases. However, its unfavourable pharmacokinetic properties and side effects make its clinical use scarcely advisable. 
     As also known, heptastigmine, or heptylcarbamic ester of eseroline, is a less potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor than physostigmine, but shows better pharmacokinetic properties and reduced side effects. Heptastigmine gave good results in a clinical pilot test on patients affected by Alzheimer&#39;s disease. However, it caused neutropenia phenomena in some, though very few, patients. 
     Further derivatives of eseroline were synthesized in recent times. For example, a compound consisting of eseroline carbamic ester with morpholine was disclosed in Example 30 of EPA 0253372 by Hoechst-Roussel. However, said compound produced a low acetylcholinesterase activity depression and was not further developed. 
     SUMMARY 
     It has now been surprisingly found that the compounds as per formula (I) have none of the disadvantages of the compounds already known and exhibit a high inhibition of cholinesterase activity. 
     The present invention relates to aminoalkylcarbamic esters of eseroline as per general formula (I) ##STR3## where n is an integer from 2 to 20; R1 may be H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl; and R is an amine selected out of the group consisting of ##STR4## where R2 is linear or branched C 1  -C 4  alkyl, or acyl or benzyl; R3 and R4 are linear or branched C 1  -C 4  alkyls, or benzyl or methoxyethyl, methoxypropyl, methoxybutyl. 
     The raw material used for the preparation of the esters according to the present invention is eseroline (II) ##STR5## hereinafter also referred to as ESOH. The relative preparation process is characterized by the following steps: 
     a) heterocyclic compound RH, where R is as defined above, is caused to react with Ω-haloalkylphthalimide as per formula (III) ##STR6##  where X is selected out of the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I; b) the phthalic group of the obtained compound is removed by hydrazinolysis to form a primary amino derivative as per formula (IV) 
     
         R(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH.sub.2                                 (IV) 
    
     c) carbonyl diimidazole is caused to react first with eseroline and then with the aforesaid amino derivative according to the following reactions: ##STR7##  Compound (I), where R1=H, is thus obtained. For the preparation of compound (I), where R1=alkyl group, before proceeding to step c), the amino derivative (IV) is alkylated to form the corresponding secondary amino derivative. 
     Compounds as per general formula (I) and their pharmacologically acceptable salts exhibit a higher cholinesterase activity depression and reduced side effects if compared with the compounds mentioned in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention also contemplates the use of compounds as per general formula (I) and of their pharmacologically acceptable salts in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions suitable for therapeutic use because of their inhibiting acetylcholinesterase action. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The characteristics of and the advantages offered by the aminoalkylcarbamic esters of eseroline suitable for use as cholinesterase activity inhibitors and the relative preparation process according to the present invention are going to be illustrated in more detail. 
     In the present patent the term eseroline indicates (3aS,8aR)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydro-1,3a,8-trimethylpyrrol[2,3-b]indol-5-ol. Said compounds have the following general formula (I) ##STR8## where n is an integer from 2 to 20; R1 may be H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, and isopropyl; and R is an amine selected out of the group consisting of ##STR9## where R2 is linear or branched C 1  -C 4  alkyl, or acyl or benzyl; R3 and R4 are linear or branched C 1  -C 4  alkyls, or benzyl or methoxyethyl, methoxypropyl, methoxybutyl. 
     Compounds as per general formula (I) are prepared according to the following process: 
     a) heterocyclic compound RH, where R is as defined above, is caused to react with Ω-haloalkylphthalimide as per formula (III) ##STR10##  where X is selected out of the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent selected among ethyl ether, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran, at room temperature, and with a molar Patio of RH to (III) ranging from 3:1 to 1:1. The following compound is obtained: ##STR11## b) the compound obtained under a) is treated with hydrazine aqueous solution in order to remove the phthalic group. 
     The reaction is carried out in methanol and the mixture is heated to reflux. Solvents are removed by evaporation under reduced pressure and the product is purified by chromatography. 
     A primary amino derivative as per formula (IV) 
     
         R(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH.sub.2                                 (IV) 
    
     is obtained; 
     c) carbonyl diimidazole is caused to react with eseroline (ESOH) according to the following raction: ##STR12## 
     The reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent selected among methylene chloride, toluene, benzene, xylene, DMF at room temperature, and with a molar ratio of carbonyl diimidazole to eseroline ranging from 3:1 to 1:1. 
     The reaction mixture is added with compound (IV) to promote the following reaction ##STR13## 
     The reaction is carried out at room temperature with an initial molar ratio of (IV) to carbonyl diimidazole ranging from 2:1 to 1:1. The solvent is removed by evaporation under reduced pressure and the product is purified by chromatography. 
     Compounds (I) with R1=H are obtained with the process described hereinabove. For the preparation of compounds (I), where R1=methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl, compound (IV), before being used in step c), is alkylated to form the corresponding secondary amino derivative. This can be obtained by treatment of compound (IV) with dimethylphosphate or with ethyl or propyl or isopropyl halides or by monobenzylation with benzyl bromide followed by treatment with alkyl halide and subsequent debenzylation by hydrogenolysis. 
     Compounds as per formula (I) can be salified with pharmacologically acceptable acids selected out of the group consisting of HCl, HBr, H 2  SO 4 , H 3  PO 4 , HClO 4 , citric acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, salicylic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, and oxalic acid. Salification is obtained by dissolving the compound as per formula (I) in an organic solvent, such as ethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, diisopropyl ether, and causing the obtained solution to react with the selected acid dissolved in one of the aforesaid solvents. 
     For salification, the preferred solvent-reagents ratios range from 5 to 25 ml solvent/g compound (I) and from 5 to 35 ml solvent/g acid. The salt obtained is purified by the usual techniques: solvent extraction, chromatography and organic compounds crystallization. 
    
    
     The following examples, which are concerned with the preparation of the claimed compounds, are conveyed by way of indication, not of limitation. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLETHYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 2-morpholinylethylphthalimide 
     2-Bromoethylphthalimide (508 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 30 hours approx. The reaction was discontinued by solvent evaporation under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (CH 2  Cl 2  /MeOH 95:5) yielding 271 mg of pure product. 
     Yield 52%. Analysis: calcd. C 64.60; H 6.20: N 10.76 found C 64.51; H 6.25; N 10.98 
     b) Preparation of 2-morpholinylethylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 2-morpholinylethylphthalimide (208 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. After one hour, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure; the obtained product was taken up with CHCl 3  and the collected precipitate was filtered. CHCl 3  was evaporated under reduced pressure yielding a solid (115 mg). The product was purified by silica gel chromatography with gradient, eluting with CHCl 3  /MeOH/H 2  O, 65:35:5, to remove the products migrating almost at the eluent front, followed by eluting with CHCl 3  /MeOH/NH 4  OH, 65:35:2, to isolate the desired product of very intense colour by ninhydrin and iodine reactions. 
     65 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 62%. Analysis: calcd. C 55.36; H 10.84; N 21.51 found C 55.51; H 10.55; N 21.98. 
     c) Preparation of N-morpholinylethylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5  ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then added with 2-morpholinylethylamine (43 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml). Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 2-morpholinylethylamine. The reaction course was controlled by TLC (CHCl 3  /MeOH 87:13). At the end of the reaction, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure yielding an oil (50 mg), which was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with acetone/MeOH 8:2. 
     8 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 20%.  1  H-NMR (200 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ6.60 (m, 2H); 6.35 (d, 1H); 5.45 (s broad, 1H); 4.16 (s, 1H); 3.70 (m, 4H); 3.37 (m, 2H); 2.93 (s, 3H); 2.55 (s, 3H); 2.60-2.45 (m, 8H); 1.98 (m, 2H); 1.43 (s, 3H). Analysis: calcd. C 64.15; H 8.08; N 14.95 found C 64.52; H 8.25; N 14.98 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLPROPYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 3-morpholinylpropylphthalimide 
     3-Bromopropylphthalimide (536 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     291 mg of pure product were thus obtained. Yield 53%. Analysis: calcd. C 65.68; H 6.61; N 10.21 found C 65.61; H 6.75; N 10.18 
     b) Preparation of 3-morpholinylpropylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 3-morpholinylpropylphthalimide (219 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     75 mg of pure product were obtained, Yield 65%. Analysis: calcd. C 58.30; H 11.18; N 19.42 found C 58.00; H 11.25; N 19.88, 
     c) Preparation of N-morpholinylpropylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml) . The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 3-morpholinylpropylamine (48 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 3-morpholinylpropylamine. Reaction process as per Example 1. 
     16 mg of product were obtained. Yield 38%.  1  H-NMR (200 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ6.85 (m, 2H); 6.50 (d, 1H); 6.27 (s broad, 1H); 4.70 (s, 1H); 3.78 (t, 4H); 3.38 (m, 2H); 3.02 (s, 3H); 2.65 (s, 3H); 2.70-2.30 (m, 8H); 2.15 (m, 2H); 1.77 (m, 2H); 1.55 (s, 3H). Analysis: calcd. C 64.93; H 8.30; N 14.41 found C 64.81; H 8.15; N 14.70 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLBUTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 4-morpholinylbutylphthalimide 
     4-Bromobutylphthalimide (564 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     317 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 55%. Analysis: calcd. C 66.65; H 6.99; N 9.71 found C 66.41; H 6.77; N 9.99 
     b) Preparation of 4-morpholinylbutylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 4-morpholinylbutylphthalimide (231 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     86 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 68%. Analysis: calcd. C 60.73; H 11.47; N 17.70 found C 60.53; H 11.27; N 17.45. 
     c) Preparation of N-morpholinylbutylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbamoyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 4-morpholinylbutylamine (52 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 4-morpholinylbutylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     14 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 32%.  1  H-NMR (200 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ6.80 (m, 2H); 6.34 (d, 1H); 5.92 (s broad, 1H); 4.15 (s, 1H); 3.73 (t, 4H); 3.25 (m, 2H); 2.88 (s, 3H); 2.55 (s, 3H); 2.80-2.33 (m, 8H); 1.95 (m, 2H) 1.75 (m, 2H); 1.58 (m, 2H); 1.45 (s, 3H). Analysis: calcd. C 65.65; H 8.51; N 13.91 found C 65.55; H 8.33; N 14.00 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLPENTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 5-bromopentylphthalimide 
     Potassium phthalimide (5.4 mmoles) was added to a solution of 1,5-dibromopentane (3.72 g; 16.2 mmoles) in dimethylformamide (8 ml) and heated to 80° C. approx. under stirring. After 2 hours, water was added and the solution was repeatedly extracted with ether. The collected organic phases were washed with water, dried on Na 2  SO 4  and evaporated under reduced pressure to give a solid (4.50 g), which was purified by chromatography on silica gel (Etp/Et 2  O 8:2) yielding 2.38 g of a white solid. Yield 68%. 
     Analysis: calcd. C 72.20; H 6.53; N 6.47 found C 72.01; H 6.55; N 6.32. 
     b) Preparation of 5-morpholinylpentylphthalimide 
     5-Bromopentylphthalimide (432 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     326 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 54%. Analysis: calcd. C 67.53; H 7.33; N 9.26 found C 67.51; H 7.25; N 9.28 
     c) Preparation of 5-morpholinylpentylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 5-morpholinylpentylphthalimide (242 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     81 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 59% Analysis: calcd. C 62.75; H 11.70; N 16.25 found C 62.87; H 11.83; N 16.38. 
     d) Preparation of N-morpholinylpentylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbamoyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 8-morpholinyloctylamine (57 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-morpholinyloctylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     27 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 60%. Analysis: calcd. C 66.32; H 8.71; N 13.44 found C 66.31; H 8.88; N 13.44. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLHEXYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 6-bromohexylphthalimide 
     Potassium phthalimide (5.4 mmoles) was added to a solution of 1,6-dibromohexane (3.95 g; 16.2 mmoles) in dimethylformamide (8 ml) and heated to 80° C. approx. under stirring. Reaction times and process as per Example 4. 
     2.46 g of pure product were obtained. Yield 66%. Analysis: calcd. C 73.02; H 7.00; N 6.08 found C 72.83; H 7.25; N 5.98. 
     b) Preparation of 6-morpholinylhexylphthalimide 
     6-Bromohexylphthalimide (633 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 mg; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     342 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 54%. Analysis: calcd. C 68.33; H 7.65; N 8.85 found C 68.22; H 7.75; N 8.99 
     c) Preparation of 6-morpholinylhexylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 6-morpholinylhexylphthalimide (253 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     94 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 63%. Analysis: calcd. C 64.48; H 11.90; N 15.03 found C 64.52; H 12.01; N 14.97. 
     d) Preparation of N-morpholinylhexylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbamoyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 6-morpholinylhexylamine (61 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 6- morpholinylhexylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     24 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 51%. Analysis: calcd. C 66.95; H 8.90; N 13.01 found C 67.02; H 8.99; N 13.21. 
     EXAMPLE 6 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLHEPTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 7-bromoheptylphthalimide 
     Potassium phthalimide (5.4 mmoles) was added to a solution of 1,7-dibromoheptane (4.18 g; 16.2 mmoles) in dimethylformamide (8 ml) and heated to 80° C. approx. under stirring. Reaction times and process as per Example 4. 
     2.73 g of pure product were obtained. Yield 69%. Analysis: calcd. C 73.74; H 7.43; N 5.73 found C 73.70; H 7.24; N 5.77. 
     b) Preparation of 7-morpholinylheptylphthalimide 
     7-Bromoheptylphthalimide (489 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     324 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 49%. Analysis: calcd. C 69.01; H 7.93; N 8.47 found C 68.91; H 8.06; N 8.57 
     c) Preparation of 7-morpholinylheptylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 7-morpholinylheptylphthalimide (264 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     99 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 62%. Analysis: calcd. C 65.96; H 12.08; N 13.98 found C 66.13; H 11.89; N 13.98. 
     d) Preparation of N-morpholinylheptylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous toluene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 8-morpholinyloctylamine (66 mg: 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous toluene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-morpholinyloctylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     24 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 51%. Analysis: calcd. C 67.54; H 9.07; N 12.60 found C 67.51; H 9.15; N 12.97. 
     EXAMPLE 7 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLOCTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 8-bromooctylphthalimide 
     Potassium phthalimide (5.4 mmoles) was added to a solution of 1,8-dibromooctane (4.41 g; 16.2 mmoles) in dimethylformamide (8 ml) and heated to 80° C. approx. under stirring. Reaction times and process as per Example 4. 
     2.8 g of pure product were obtained. Yield 67%. Analysis: calcd. C 74.39; H 7.80; N 5.42 found C 74.54; H 7.78; N 5.08. 
     b) Preparation of 8-morpholinyloctylphthalimide 
     8-Bromooctylphthalimide (676 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     331 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 48%. Analysis: calcd. C 69.74; H 8.19; N 8.13 found C 70.05; H 8.25; N 8.00 
     c) Preparation of 8-morpholinyloctylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 8-morpholinyloctylphthalimide (275 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     102 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 60%. Analysis: calcd. C 67.27; H 12.23; N 13.06 found C 67.02; H 12.25; N 13.08. 
     d) Preparation of N-morpholinyloctylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg: 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous toluene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 8-morpholinyloctylamine (70 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous toluene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-morpholinyloctylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     36 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 72%.  1  H-NMR (200 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ6.78 (m, 2H); 6.32 (d, 1H); 4.92 (s broad, 1H); 4.18 (s, 1H); 3.72 (m, 4H); 3.20 (m, 2H); 2.91 (s, 3H); 2.55 (s, 3H); 2.48-2.23 (m, 8H); 1.92 (m, 4H); 1.45 (s, 3H); 1.31 (m, 12H). Analysis: calcd. C 68.09; H 9.23; N 12.21 found C 68.00; H 9.00; N 12.22. 
     EXAMPLE 8 
     PREPARATION OF MORPHOLINYLDODECYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 12-bromododecylphthalimide 
     Potassium phthalimide (1 g; 5.4 mmoles) was added to a solution of 1,8-dibromododecane (5.31 g; 16.2 mmoles) in dimethylformamide (8 ml) and heated to 80° C. approx. under stirring. Reaction times and process as per Example 4. 
     3.46 g of pure product were obtained. Yield 68%. Analysis: calcd. C 76.40; H 8.98; N 4.45 found C 76.51; H 9.12; N 4.06. 
     b) Preparation of 12-morpholinyldodecylphthalimide 
     12-Bromododecytphthalimide (623 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and morpholine (0.35 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     392 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 49%. Analysis: calcd. C 71.97; H 9.06; N 6.99 found C 72.07; H 8.94; N 7.17. 
     c) Preparation of 12-morpholinyldodecylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 12-morpholinyldodecylphthalimide (320 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     147 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 68%. Analysis: calcd. C 71.06; H 12.67; N 10.35 found C 70.89; H 12.33; N 10.43. 
     d) Preparation of N-morpholinyldodecylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 12-morpholinyldodecylamine (89 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl2 (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 12-morpholinyldodecylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     27 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 48%. Analysis: calcd. C 70.00; H 9.79; N 10.88 found C 70.01; H 9.99; N 10.98. 
     EXAMPLE 9 
     PREPARATION OF N-METHYLPIPERAZINYLETHYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 2-(N-methylpiperazinyl) ethylphthalimide 
     2-Bromoethylphthalimide (508 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and N-methylpiperazine (0.44 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     272 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 50%. Analysis: calcd. C 66.16; H 6.66; N 15.42 found C 65.97; H 6.65; N 15.55. 
     b) Preparation of 2-(N-methylpiperazinyl)ethylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 2-(N-methylpiperazinyl)ethylphthalimide (218 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     73 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 64%. Analysis: calcd. C 58.71; H 11.97; N 29.33 found C 58.91; H 12.00; N 29.35. 
     c) Preparation of N-(N-methylpiperazinylethyl)carbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 2-(N-methylpiperazinyl)ethylamine (47 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 2-(N-methylpiperazinyl)ethylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     18 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 45%. Analysis: calcd. C 65.09; H 8.58; N 18.06 found C 65.12; H 8.73; N 18.22. 
     EXAMPLE 10 
     PREPARATION OF N-METHYLPIPERAZINYLPROPYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)propylphthalimide 
     3-Bromopropylphthalimide (536 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and N-methylpiperazine (0.44 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     292 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 51%. Analysis: calcd. C 67.12; H 7.04; N 14.67 found C 66.99; H 7.00; N 14.87. 
     b) Preparation of 3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)propylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)propylphthalimide (229 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     80 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 64%. Analysis: calcd. C 61.11; H 12.18; N 26.71 found C 61.01; H 12.35; N 27.02. 
     c) Preparation of N-(N-methylpiperazinylpropyl)carbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)propylamine (52 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 3-(N-methylpiperazinyl)propylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     8 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 19%. Analysis: calcd. C 65.81; H 8.79; N 17.43  found C 65.51; H 9.05; N 17.77. 
     EXAMPLE 11 
     PREPARATION OF N-METHYLPIPERAZINYLBUTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 4-(N-methylpiperazinyl)butylphthalimide 
     4-Bromoethylphthalimide (564 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and N-methylpiperazine (0.44 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     288 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 48%. Analysis: calcd. C 67.98; H 7.38; N 13.98 found C 68.14; H 7.57; N 14.07. 
     b) Preparation of 4-(N-methylpiperazinyl)butylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 4-(N-methylpiperazinyl)butylphthalimide (240 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     90 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 66%. Analysis: calcd. C 63.12; H 12.36; N 24.52 found C 63.31; H 12.56; N 24.44. 
     c) Preparation of N-(N-methylpiperazinylbutyl)carbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 4-(N-methylpiperazinyl)butylamine (56 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 4-(N-methylpiperazinyl)butylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     20 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 44%. Analysis: calcd. C 66.48; H 8.98; N 16.85 found C 66.33; H 9.02; N 17.00. 
     EXAMPLE 12 
     PREPARATION OF N-METHYLPIPERAZINYLHEXYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 6-(N-methylpiperazinyl)hexylphthalimide 
     6-Bromohexylphthalimide (460 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and N-methylpiperazine (0.44 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     302 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 46%. Analysis: calcd. C 69.49; H 7.98; N 12.98 found C 69.25; H 8.13; N 13.08. 
     b) Preparation of 6-(N-methylpiperazinyl)hexylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 6-(N-methylpiperazinyl)hexylphthalimide (263 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     112 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 70%. Analysis: calcd. C 66.29; H 12.64; N 21.07 found C 66.07; H 12.77; N 20.99. 
     c) Preparation of N-(N-methylpiperazinythexyl)carbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 6-(N-methylpiperazinyl)hexylamine (66 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 6-(N-methylpiperazinyl)hexylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     30 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 60%. Analysis: calcd. C 67.69; H 9.32; N 15.78 found C 68.00; H 9.33; N 15.97. 
     EXAMPLE 13 
     PREPARATION OF N-METHYLPIPERAZINYLOCTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 8-(N-methylpiperazinyl)octylphthalimide 
     8-Bromooctylphthalimide (516 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and N-methylpiperazine (0.44 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     356 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 50%. Analysis: calcd. C 70.76; H 8.48; N 11.78 found C 70.80; H 8.53; N 11.83. 
     b) Preparation of 8-(N-methylpiperazinyl)octylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 8-(N-methylpiperazinyl)octylphthalimide (285 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     118 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 65%. Analysis: calcd. C 68.67; H 12.86; N 18.47 found C 68.50; H 12.66; N 18.54. 
     c) Preparation of N-(N-methylpiperazinyloctyl)carbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 8-(N-methylpiperazinyl)octylamine (75 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-(N-methylpiperazinyl)octylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     30 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 57%. Analysis: calcd. C 68.76; H 9.62: N 14.84 found C 68.43; H 9.48; N 14.88. 
     EXAMPLE 14 
     PREPARATION OF PYRROLIDINYLOCTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 8-pyrrolidinyloctylphthalimide 
     8-Bromooctylphthalimide (517 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and pyrrolidine (0.33 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     348 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 53%. Analysis: calcd. C 73.14; H 8.59; N 8.53 found C 73.11; H 8.75; N 8.54. 
     b) Preparation of 8-pyrrolidinyloctylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 8-pyrrolidinyloctylphthalimide (263 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     105 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 66%. Analysis: calcd. C 72.67; H 13.21; N 14.12 found C 72.72; H 13.25; N 14.07. 
     c) Preparation of N-pyrrolidinyloctylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 8-pyrrolidinyloctylamine (65 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-pyrrolidinyloctylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     24 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 48%. Analysis: calcd. C 70.55; H 9.56; N 12.65 found C 70.51; H 9.55; N 12.74. 
     EXAMPLE 15 
     PREPARATION OF PIPERIDINYLOCTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 8-piperidinyloctylphthalimide 8-Bromooctylphthalimide (517 mg; 2.0 mmoles) and piperazine (0.40 ml; 4.0 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous ethyl ether (5 ml). Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     431 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 63%. Analysis: calcd. C 73.65; H 8.83; N 8.18  found C 73.55; H 8.95; N 8.08. 
     b) Preparation of 8-piperidinyloctylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (0.15 ml; 1.6 mmoles) was added to 8-piperidinyloctylphthalimide (274 mg; 0.8 mmoles) in methanol (5 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     119 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 70%. Analysis: calcd. C 73.53; H 13.29; N 13.18 found C 73.51; H 13.25; N 13.08. 
     c) Preparation of N-piperidinyloctylcarbamoyleseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then 8-piperidinyloctylamine (70 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-piperidinyloctylamine. Reaction times and process as per Example 1. 
     27 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 54%. Analysis: calcd. C 71.02; H 9.71; N 12.26 found C 71.01; H 9.99; N 12.06. 
     EXAMPLE 16 
     PREPARATION OF N-(MORPHOLINYLOCTYL),N-METHYLCARBAMOYL ESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of N-(morpholinyloctyl),N-methylamine Dimethylsulphate (832 mg; 0.66 mmoles) was slowly added to 8-morpholinooctylamine (141 mg; 0.66 mmoles) under stirring, the temperature being kept below 70° C. throughout the addition. Stirring was continued overnight. Then the mixture was treated with sodium hydroxide solution (880 mg) in water (15 ml) and heated to boiling. After two hours, the mixture was cooled to room temperature. An oil was separated which was combined with the water layer benzene extracts: the mixture obtained was dried on Na 2  SO 4  and evaporated under reduced pressure. The collected residue was; purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with CHCl 3  /MeOH/NH 4  OH, 65:35:2, to separate the desired product of very intense colour by ninhydrin and iodine reactions. 
     75 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 50%. Analysis: calcd. C 68.37; H 12.36; N 12.26 found C 68.33; H 12.35; N 12.28. 
     b) Preparation of N-(morpholinyloctyl),N-methyl carbamoyl eseroline Carbonyl diimidazole (36 mg; 0.22 mmoles) was added to a degassed solution of eseroline (25 mg; 0.11 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (5 ml). The solution was was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then N-(morpholinyloctyl),N-methylamine (75 mg; 0.33 mmoles) in anhydrous CH 2  Cl 2  (10 ml) was added. Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of N-(morpholinyloctyl),N-methylamine. Reaction process as per Example 1. 
     36 mg of pure product were obtained. Yield 68%. Analysis: calcd. C 68.61; H 9.38; N 11.85 found C 68.52; H 9.28; N 11.87. 
     EXAMPLE 17 
     PREPARATION OF 8-(cis-2,6-DIMETHYL)MORPHOLINYLOCTYLCARBAMOYLESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 8-(cis/trans-2,6-dimethyl)morpholinyloctyl phthalimide 
     8-Bromooctylphthalimide (9 g; 26.60 mmoles) and 2,6-dimethyl morpholine (cis-trans isomers mix) (9.8 ml; 79.5 mmoles) were dissolved in anhydrous acetonitrile (50 ml). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 18 hours approx. The reaction was discontinued by solvent evaporation under reduced pressure. The collected residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (CH 2  Cl 2  /MeOH 95:5). The first product isolated (Rf=0.7) is a light yellow oil (A trans) (2.04 g) , the second (Rf=0.4) is a yellow oil (B cis) (3.4 g). Total yield 54.8%. 
     Analysis: calcd. C 70.93; H 8.66; N 7.52 Compound A (trans isomer) found C 71.14; H 8.58; N 7.59 Compound B (cis isomer) found C 71.07; H 8.53; N 7.65 
     b) Preparation of 8-(cis-2,6-dimethyl)morpholinyloctylamine 
     Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (7 ml) was added to 8-(cis-2,6-dimethyl)morpholinyloctylphthalimide B (3.4 g; 9.12 mmoles) in methanol (25 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. After one hour, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, the obtained product was taken up with CHCl 3  and the collected precipitate was filtered. CHCl 3  was evaporated under reduced pressure yielding a light yellow oil (1.614 g). Yield 73%. Analysis: calcd. C 69.37; H 12.47; N 11.46 found C 69.50; H 12.45; N 11.63. 
     c) Preparation of 8-(cis-2,6-dimethylmorpholinyl)octylcarbamoyl eseroline 
     Carbonyl diimidazole (719 mg; 4.44 mmoles) was added to a solution of eseroline (484 mg; 2.22 mmoles) in benzene (5 ml). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then added with 8-(cis-2,6-dimethyl) morholinyloctylamine (1.614 mg; 6.66 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (2 ml). Stirring at room temperature was continued for additonal 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-(cis-2,6-dimethyl) morpholinyloctylamine. The reaction course was controlled by TLC (CHCl 3  /MeOH 9:1). At the reaction end, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure yielding an oil (2.7 g), which was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting first with CHCl 3  /MeOH, 9:1, and then with acetone/MeOH, 7:3. An orange coloured oil were obtained (1.6 g). Yield 55.5%. 
     Analysis: calcd. C 69.10; H 9.53; N 11.51 found C 69.23; H 9.47; N 11.59 
     EXAMPLE 18 
     PREPARATION OF 8-(TRANS-2,6-DIMETHYL)MORPHOLINYLOCTYLCARBAMOYL ESEROLINE 
     a) Preparation of 8-(trans-2,6-dimethyl)morpholinyloctylamine Hydrazine (aqueous solution at 35% by wt.) (5 ml) was added to 8-(trans-2,6-dimethyl) morpholinyloctylphthalimide A (2.04 g; 5.47 mmoles), obtained as per Example 17a, in methanol (20 ml) and the resulting solution was refluxed. After 1 hour, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure and the obtained product was taken up with CHCl 3  under reduced pressure. 
     976 mg of a light yellow oil were obtained. Yield 73%. Analysis: calcd. C 69.37; H 12.47; N 11.56 found C 69.50; H 12.45; N 11.63. 
     b) Preparation of 8-(trans-2,6-dimethyl)morpholinyloctylcarbamoyl eseroline 
     A solution of eseroline (293 mg; 1.34 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (5 ml) was added with carbonyl diimidazole (435 mg; 2.68 mmoles). The solution was allowed to stir at room temperature for 1 hour approx., then added with 8-(trans-2,6-dimethyl) morpholinyloctylamine (975 mg; 4.03 mmoles) in anhydrous benzene (2 ml). Stirring at room temperature was continued for additional 2 hours approx. after the addition of 8-(trans-2,6dimethyl)morpholinyloctylamine. The reaction course was controlled by TLC (CHCl 3  /MeOH 9:1). At the reaction end, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure yielding an oil (1.7 g), which was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with CHCl 3  /MeOH, 9:1, and then with acetone/MeOH, 7:3. An orange coloured oil was obtained (268 mg). Yield 44%. 
     Analysis: calcd. C 69.10; H 9.53; N 11.54 found C 69.31; H 9.61; N 11.45 
     Other compounds obtained according to the present invention are shown in Table 1. 
     
                                           TABLE 1                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
Further examples of compounds obtained according to the invention         
Structural formula                       Preparation                      
                                               Number                     
__________________________________________________________________________
 ##STR14##                               MF 233                           
                                               V                          
 ##STR15##                               MF 231                           
                                               VI                         
 ##STR16##                               MF 232                           
                                               VII                        
 ##STR17##                               MF 239                           
                                               VIII                       
 ##STR18##                               MF 265                           
                                               IX                         
 ##STR19##                               MF 252                           
                                               X                          
 ##STR20##                               MF 275                           
                                               XI                         
 ##STR21##                               MF 245                           
                                               XII                        
 ##STR22##                               MF 262                           
                                               XIII                       
 ##STR23##                               MF 261                           
                                               XIV                        
 ##STR24##                               MF 273                           
                                               XV                         
 ##STR25##                               MF 270                           
                                               XVI                        
 ##STR26##                               MF 237                           
                                               XVII                       
 ##STR27##                               MF 247                           
                                               XVIII                      
 ##STR28##                               MF 254                           
                                               XIX                        
 ##STR29##                               MF 266                           
                                               XX                         
 ##STR30##                               MF 229                           
                                               XXI                        
 ##STR31##                               MF 255                           
                                               XXII                       
 ##STR32##                               MF 246                           
                                               XXIII                      
 ##STR33##                               MF 240                           
                                               XXIV                       
 ##STR34##                               MF 269                           
                                               XXV                        
 ##STR35##                               MF 277                           
                                               XXVI                       
 ##STR36##                               MF 253                           
                                               XXVII                      
 ##STR37##                               MF 256                           
                                               XXVIII                     
 ##STR38##                               MF 257                           
                                               XXIX                       
 ##STR39##                               MF 258                           
                                               XXX                        
 ##STR40##                               MF 271                           
                                               XXXI                       
 ##STR41##                               MF 263                           
                                               XXXII                      
 ##STR42##                               MF 248                           
                                               XXXIII                     
 ##STR43##                               MF 249                           
                                               XXXIV                      
 ##STR44##                               MF 250                           
                                               XXXV                       
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     Pharmacological tests 
     The compounds prepared as per the Examples reported above and several other compounds under the present invention (Table 1) were pharmacologically tested with a view to determining their inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity. The used method had been developed by Ellman et al. (Ellman, G. L., Courtney, K. D., Andres, V., Featherstone, R. M.: &#34;A New and Rapid Colorimetric Determination of Acetylcholinesterase Activity&#34;, Biochem. Pharm. 7, 88, 1961). 
     The tests were conducted on acetylcholinesterase from human erythrocyte and, respectively, from electric eel, and on butyrylcholinesterase from human serum, all produced by Sigma Chemical. 
     Table 2 shows the results obtained and, for purpose of comparison, the results obtained with the product of Example 30 of EPA 0253372, with physostigmine and heptastigmine. 
     
                                           TABLE 2                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
Cholinesterase Inhibition IC.sub.50 M                                     
Compound    t AChE E.eel                                                  
                     t AChE hRBC                                          
                              t AChE rat brain                            
                                        t BuChE hserum                    
__________________________________________________________________________
MF 215 SF-92-057                                                          
            10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       1.9 × 10.sup.-5                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          8.7 × 10.sup.-4           
Ex 30 (EPA0253372)   30&#39;                                                  
                       1.2 × 10.sup.-5                              
Hoechst-Roussel      60&#39;                                                  
                       1.6 × 10.sup.-5                              
MF 214      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       7.0 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          4.1 × 10.sup.-6           
Ex. 1                30&#39;                                                  
                       1.4 × 10.sup.-7                              
                     60&#39;                                                  
                       1.1 × 10.sup.-7                              
MF 218      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       3.8 × 10.sup.-6                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
Ex. 2                                                                     
MF 225      10&#39;                                                           
              3.3 × 10.sup.-4                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       7.6 × 10.sup.-6                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                5.0 × 10.sup.-4                     
                                        10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
Ex. 4                30&#39;                                                  
                       2.2 × 10.sup.- 6                             
MF 227      10&#39;                                                           
              1.2 × 10.sup.-5                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       9.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                8.2 × 10.sup.-6                     
                                        10&#39;                               
                                          1.0 × 10.sup.-7           
Ex. 5                30&#39;                                                  
                       3.8 × 10.sup.-7                              
MF 224      10&#39;                                                           
              1.6 × 10.sup.-6                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       3.8 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                4.1 × 10.sup.-6                     
                                        10&#39;                               
                                          3.0 × 10.sup.-7           
Ex. 6                30&#39;                                                  
                       1.7 × 10.sup.-7                              
MF 217      10&#39;                                                           
              3.3 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       1.0 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                8.8 × 10.sup.-7                     
                                        10&#39;                               
                                          1.7 × 10.sup.-7           
Ex. 7                30&#39;                                                  
                       7.6 × 10.sup.-8                              
                     60&#39;                                                  
                       6.3 × 10.sup.-8                              
MF 228      10&#39;                                                           
              7.0 × 10.sup.-8                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       7.0 × 10.sup.-8                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                3.8 × 10.sup.-7                     
                                        10&#39;                               
                                          1.0 × 10.sup.-7           
Ex. 8                30&#39;                                                  
                       6.0 × 10.sup.-8                              
                     60&#39;                                                  
                       3.0 × 10.sup.-8                              
MF 230      10&#39;                                                           
              2.0 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       3.0 × 10.sup.-8                              
Ex. 13      30&#39;                                                           
              8.0 × 10.sup.-8                                       
                     30&#39;                                                  
                       5.0 × 10.sup.-8                              
MF 201      10&#39;                                                           
              5.5 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       2.9 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          4.0 × 10.sup.-8           
Heptastigmine                                                             
            30&#39;                                                           
              4.1 × 10.sup.-7                                       
            60&#39;                                                           
              4.4 × 10.sup.-7                                       
ESERINE T. Fe-A-24A                                                       
            10&#39;                                                           
              1.5 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       4.7 × 10.sup.-8                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          7.2 × 10.sup.-8           
Physostigmine        30&#39;                                                  
                       2.9 × 10.sup.-8                              
                     60&#39;                                                  
                       0.4 × 10.sup.-8                              
MF 251      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.7 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
Ex. 14                                                                    
MF 241      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       1.0 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
Ex. 15                                                                    
MF 243      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       7.4 × 10.sup.-6                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
Ex. 16                                                                    
MF 268      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.7 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          1.8 × 10.sup.-7           
Ex. 17                                                                    
MF 276      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.7 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          2.5 × 10.sup.-7           
Ex. 18                                                                    
MF 233      10&#39;                                                           
              1.4 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       0.6 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
MF 231      10&#39;                                                           
              0.6 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       0.4 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
VI                                                                        
MF 232      10&#39;                                                           
              0.7 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       0.4 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
VII                                                                       
MP 245      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       5.5 × 10.sup.-6                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XII                                                                       
MF 229      10&#39;                                                           
              0.4 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       0.6 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXI                                                                       
MF 255      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D,                            
XXII                                                                      
MF 246      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       2.0 × 10.sup.-5                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXIII                                                                     
MF 240      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       2.4 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXIV                                                                      
MF 252      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       2.7 × 10.sup.-8                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
X                                                                         
MF 275      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XI                                                                        
MF 263      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXXII                                                                     
MF 266      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.7 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XX                                                                        
MF 262      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XIII                                                                      
MF 261      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.2 × 10.sup.-7                              
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XIV                                                                       
MF 269      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       1.2 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXV                                                                       
MF 270      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.6 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XVI                                                                       
MF 271      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXXI                                                                      
MF 27       10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XV                                                                        
MF 47       10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       1.7 × 10.sup.-8                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XVIII                                                                     
MF 250      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXXV                                                                      
MF 252      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXVII                                                                     
MF 248      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       1.9 × 10.sup.-8                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXXIII                                                                    
MF 249      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXXIV                                                                     
MF 239      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
VIII                                                                      
MF 237      10&#39;                                                           
              3.4 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     10&#39;                                                  
                       1.1 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XVII        30&#39;                                                           
              1.9 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     30&#39;                                                  
                       0.7 × 10.sup.-7                              
            60&#39;                                                           
              1.2 × 10.sup.-7                                       
                     60&#39;                                                  
                       0.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
MF 254      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.5 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XIX                                                                       
MF 256      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.8 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXVIII                                                                    
MF 257      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.3 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXIX                                                                      
MF 258      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       1.0 × 10.sup.-6                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
XXX                                                                       
MF 265      10&#39;                                                           
              N.D.   10&#39;                                                  
                       0.8 × 10.sup.-7                              
                              10&#39;                                         
                                N.D.    10&#39;                               
                                          N.D.                            
IX                                                                        
__________________________________________________________________________
    ps Legend:
 
    
     AChE E.eel: acetylcholinesterase from electric eel 
     AChE nRBC: acetylcholinesterase from human red blood cells 
     AChE rat brain: acetylcholinesterase from homogenate of in toto rat brain 
     BuChE hserum: butyrylcholinesterase from human serum 
     N.D.: not determined 
     t: contact time (minutes) 
     IC 50  M: median inhibitory molar concentration 
     The results reported in Table 2 demonstrate that the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity by the claimed products is high. Particularly active against human red blood cells acetylcholinesterase are the compounds where R stands for 
     morpholine where n ranges from 8 to 12 (Ex.7), (V), (VI) 
     2,6-dimethylmorpholine where n=8 (Ex.17), (Ex.18) 
     thiomorpholine where n=8 (VIII) 
     methylpiperazine where n=8 (Ex.13), n=10 (XXII), n=12 (XXI) 
     ethylpiperazine where n=8 (XIII) 
     propylpiperazine where n=8 (XIV) 
     butylpiperazine where n=8 (XV) 
     acetylpiperazine where n=10 (X) 
     benzylpiperazine where n=8 (XX) 
     piperidine where n=8 (Ex.15), n=10 (XXXIII), n=12 (XXXIV) 
     1,4-dioxa-8-azaspirodecane where n=8 (IX) 
     pyrrolidine where n=8 (Ex.14) and n=10 (XXVII) 
     diethylamine where n=8 (XVII), n=10 (XVIII), n=12 (XIX) 
     dipropylamine where n=8 (XXVIII), n=10 (XXIX) 
     methylbenzylamine where n=8 (XXXII) 
     bis(methoxy)ethylamine where n=8 (XXXI). 
     Compared with the compounds of this invention, the compound of Example 30 (EPA 0253372) exhibits a much lower activity. 
     In the tests with BuChE hserum, the compounds of the present invention gave slightly lower results than heptastigmine and physostigmine: this proves that the claimed products--especially compared with heptastigmine--are mope selective toward acetylcholinesterase. 
     Furthermore, the claimed compounds--compared with those already known--produce much lesser side effects, as proved by the tests conducted for their determination. Table 3 shows the results obtained by acute toxicity tests on rats. 
     The aforementioned properties make the claimed compounds, i.e. the compounds as per formula (I) and their salts with pharmacologically acceptable acids, suitable for the treatment of all diseases characterized by acetylcholine deficiency, such as for example the diseases connected with memory dysfunctions (Alzheimer&#39;s disease), or of ischaemic type brain diseases. 
     For that reason, pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds in efficacious quantities mixed with pharmacologically acceptable diluents and excipients were prepared. 
     The invention also contemplates the method of treatment of human diseases characterized by acetylcholine deficiency, consisting of the administration of a pharmachologically efficacious quantity of said compounds by opal or parenteral route. 
     The therapy envisages a daily dose of compound (I) of 5 to 150 mg for oral administration and of 2.5 to 75 mg for parenteral administration. 
     
                       TABLE 3                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Acute toxicity to rats                                                    
                 DL.sub.50 os (mg/kg)                                     
______________________________________                                    
ESERINE       --       4.5                                                
MF 239        VIII     23.8                                               
MF 231        VI       40                                                 
MF 230        Ex. 13   27.7                                               
MF 217        Ex. 7    23                                                 
MF 256        XXVIII   18.28                                              
MF 247        XVIII    14.1                                               
MF 248        XXXIII   15.3                                               
MF 268        Ex. 17   56                                                 
______________________________________