3-quinolyl-substituted dihydropyridines, and their use in medicaments
This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/230,286, filed on Apr. 20, 1994, U.S. Pat. No. 5,504,210. 
    
    
     The invention relates to new 3-quinolyl-substituted dihydropyridines, processes for their preparation and their use in medicaments, in particular in agents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. 
     It is already known that 1,4-dihydropyridines have vasodilating properties and can be used as coronary agents and antihypertensives. It is furthermore known that 1,4-dihydropyridines cause inhibition of the contractility of smooth and cardiac muscles and can be employed for the treatment of coronary and vascular diseases. 
     Furthermore, 4-quinolyl-dihydropyridines having a positively inotropic action are already known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,100,900. 
     The present invention relates to new 3-quinolyl-substituted dihydropyridines of the general formula (I) ##STR2## in which R 1  and R 4  are identical or different and represent hydrogen, amino, cyano, formyl or trifluoromethyl, or represent straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by hydroxyl or by a group of the formula --NR 6  R 7 , --O--CO--R 8 , --O--(CH 2 ) a  --OR 8&#39;  or --O--(CH 2 ) b  --NR 9  R 10 , wherein 
     R 6 , R 7 , R 9  and R 10  are identical or different and denote hydrogen, phenyl or straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 6 carbon atoms, 
     R 8  and R 8&#39;  are identical or different and denote straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 6 carbon atoms, and 
     a and b are identical or different and denote the number 2, 3, 4 or 5, 
     R 2  represents a group of the formula --CO--NR 11  R 12  or --CO--A--R 13 , wherein 
     R 11  and R 12  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by halogen, hydroxyl or cyano or by aryl, aryloxy or arylthio having in each case 6 to 10 carbon atoms or by a 5- to 7-memhered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, or 
     denote aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which are optionally substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, or 
     R 11  and R 12 , together and including the nitrogen atom, form a 3- to 8-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which can optionally be interrupted by an oxygen atom or by a radical of the formula S(O) d&#39;  --CO-- or --NR 15 , wherein 
     d denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
     R 15  denotes hydrogen or aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkoxycarbonyl having in each case up to 8 carbon atoms or halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, or 
     denotes a cyclic, straight-chain or branched saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by hydroxyl or halogen or by aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, 
     and the heterocyclic radical is optionally substituted by straight-chain or branched alkoxy or alkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O or by straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, which in turn can be substituted by aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, 
     A denotes a direct bond or an oxygen atom, 
     R 13  denotes hydrogen or aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, the cyclic radicals optionally being substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, or denotes a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 10 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by oxygen or by --CO--, --CO--NH--, --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --NH--CO--, --SO 2  --NH--, --NH--SO 2  --, --S(O) e  -- or --NH 16  --, wherein 
     e has the abovementioned meaning of d and is identical to or different from this, 
     R 16  has the abovementioned meaning of R 15  and is identical to or different from this, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally interrupted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by arylidene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or heterocyclic radicals of the formulae ##STR3##  wherein f and g are identical or different and denote the number 1 or 2, 
     and wherein arylidene can be substituted by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, 
     and the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, --O--NO 2 , or straight-chain or branched alkylthio, alkoxy or acyloxy having in each case up to 8 carbon atoms or by aryl, aryloxy or arylthio having in each case 6 to 10 carbon atoms or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by halogen or cyano or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  --R 17 , --CONR 18  R 19 , --NR 20  R 21 , NH--SO 2  --X and/or --NR 22  --CO 2  R 23 , wherein 
     R 17  has the abovementioned meaning of R 15  and is identical to or different from this and 
     R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , R 21 , R 22  and R 23  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, and 
     X denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by methyl, 
     R 3  represents cyano, nitro or formyl, or 
     R 3  and R 4  together form a radical of the formula ##STR4##  wherein E denotes an oxygen or sulphur atom or the --CH 2  -- group, 
     R 5  represents a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 12 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted up to twice in an identical or different manner by oxygen or sulphur, 
     and which is optionally substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, straight-chain or branched acyloxy having up to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, nitro, cyano or hydroxyl or by aryl, aryloxy or arylthio having in each case 6 to 10 carbon atoms or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated optionally fused heterocyclic radical having up to 5 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by halogen, cyano, nitro or hydroxyl or by straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkoxy having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy or trifluoromethylthio or by a group of the formula --NR 24  R 25 , wherein 
     R 24  and R 25  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  --R 26 , --CONR 27  R 28 , --NR 29  R 30 , --NR 31  --CO 2  R 32  or --NR 33  --SO 2  R 34 , wherein 
     R 26  has the abovementioned meaning of R 15  and is identical to or different from this and 
     R 27 , R 28 , R 29 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 , R 33  and R 34  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, or 
     R 5  represents a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 4 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which is optionally substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by halogen, amino, cyano or nitro or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms or by C 1  -C 4  -mono- or -dialkylamino, or 
     R 5  represents a group of the formula D--R 35 , wherein 
     D denotes the CO or --S(O) h  group or an oxygen atom, wherein 
     h denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, and 
     R 35  denotes aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which is optionally substituted up to 3 times in an identical or different manner by halogen, amino, cyano or nitro or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms or by C 1  -C 4  -mono- or -dialkylamino, or 
     R 35  denotes hydrogen or a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur, 
     and which is optionally substituted by halogen or aryl, aryloxy or arylthio having in each case 6 to 10 carbon atoms or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted by halogen, trifluoromethyl, methyl, methoxy, nitro or methylthio, or is substituted by a group of the formula --NR 36  R 37  wherein 
     R 36  and R 37  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, 
      and salts thereof, 
     with the proviso that R 5  may not represent optionally halogen-substituted pyridyl or thienyl. 
     Physiologically acceptable salts can be salts of the compounds according to the invention with inorganic or organic acids. Preferred salts are those with inorganic acids, such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid or sulphuric acid, or salts with organic carboxylic or sulphonic acids, such as, for example, acetic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid or methanesulphonic acid, ethanesulphonic acid, phenylsulphonic acid, toluenesulphonic acid or naphthalenedisulphonic acid. 
     The compounds according to the invention exist in stereoisomeric forms which either behave as mirror images (enantiomers) or do not behave as mirror images (diastereomers). The invention relates both to antipodes and to racemic forms, as well as to the diastereomer mixtures. The racemic forms, like the diastereomers, can be separated into the stereoisomerically uniform constituents in a known manner (compare E. L. Eliel, Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds, McGraw Hill, 1962). 
     Preferred compounds of the general formula (I) are those in which 
     R 1  and R 4  are identical or different and represent hydrogen, amino, cyano, formyl or trifluoromethyl or represent straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by hydroxyl or by a group of the formula --NR 6  R 7 , --O--CO--R 8 , --O--(CH 2 ) a  --OR 8&#39;  or --O--(CH 2 ) b&#39;  --NR 9  R 10 , wherein 
     R 6 , R 7 , R 9  and R 10  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, 
     R 8  and R 8&#39;  are identical or different and denote straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, and 
     a and b are identical or different and denote the number 2, 3, 4 or 5, 
     R 2  represents a group of the formula --CO--NR 11  R 12  or --CO--A--R 13 , wherein 
     R 11  and R 12  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, hydroxyl, phenyl or pyridyl, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted by fluorine or chlorine or by alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkoxycarbonyl having in each case up to 2 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or 
     denote phenyl or pyridyl, which are optionally substituted by fluorine or chlorine or by alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkoxycarbonyl having in each case up to 2 carbon atoms, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or 
     R 11  and R 12 , together and including the nitrogen atom, form a 3- to 8-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which can optionally be interrupted by an oxygen atom or by a radical of the formula S(O) d , --CO-- or --NR 15 , wherein 
     d denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, 
     R 15  denotes hydrogen or phenyl, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or denotes a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 4 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by chlorine, fluorine or phenyl or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hereto atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, 
     A denotes a direct bond or an oxygen atom, 
     R 13  denotes hydrogen, phenyl or pyridyl, which are optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or 
     denotes a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted up to twice in an identical or different manner by oxygen or by --CO--, --CO--NH--, --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --NH--CO--, --SO 2  --NH--, --NH--SO 2  --, --S(O) e  -- or --NR 16  --, wherein 
     e has the abovementioned meaning of d and is identical to or different from this, 
     R 16  has the abovementioned meaning of R 15  and is identical to or different from this, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally interrupted up to twice in an identical or different manner by arylidene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or heterocyclic radicals of the formulae ##STR5##  wherein f and g are identical or different and denote the number 1 or 2, 
     the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, fluorine, chlorine, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, --O--NO 2  or straight-chain or branched alkylthio, alkoxy or acyloxy having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms or by phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio or pyridyl, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, cyano, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or 
     the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  --R 17 , --CONR 18  R 19 , --NR 20  R 21 , --NH--SO 2  --X and/or --NR 22  --CO 2  R 23 , wherein 
     R 17  has the abovementioned meaning of R 15  and is identical to or different from this and 
     R 18 , R 19 , R 20 , R 21 , R 22  and R 23  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, and 
     X denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by methyl, 
     R 3  represents cyano, nitro or formyl, or 
     R 3  and R 4  together form a radical of the formula ##STR6##  wherein E denotes an oxygen or sulphur atom or the --CH 2  -- group, 
     R 5  represents a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 10 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur, 
     and which is optionally substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, acyloxy having up to 2 carbon atoms, cyano or hydroxyl or by phenyl, phenyloxy or phenylthio or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the phenyl and the heterocyclic radicals in turn to be substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy or trifluoromethylthio or by a group of the formula --NR 24  R 25 , wherein 
     R 24  and R 25  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  --R 26 , --CONR 27  R 28 , --NR 29  R 30 , --NR 31  --CO 2  R 32  or --NR 33  --SO 2  R 34  wherein 
     R 26  has the abovementioned meaning of R 15  and is identical to or different from this and 
     R 27 , R 28 , R 29 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 , R 33  and R 34  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, or 
     R 5  represents a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 4 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which is optionally substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano or nitro or by alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 2 carbon atoms or amino or by C 1  -C 4  -mono- or -dialkylamino, or 
     R 5  represents a group of the formula D--R 35 , wherein 
     D denotes the CO or --S(O) h  group or an oxygen atom, wherein 
     h denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, and 
     R 35  denotes phenyl or a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 3 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which are optionally substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano or nitro or by straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio having in each case up to 4 carbon atoms or amino or by C 1  -C 4  -mono- or -dialkylamino, or 
     R 35  denotes hydrogen or a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur, and which can optionally be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylthio, or is substituted by a group of the formula --NR 36  R 37 , wherein 
     R 36  and R 37  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, 
      and salts thereof, 
     with the proviso that R 5  may not represent optionally halogen-substituted pyridyl or thienyl. 
     Particularly preferred compounds of the general formula (I) are those in which 
     R 1  and R 4  are identical or different and represent hydrogen, amino, trifluoromethyl, methyl or ethyl, 
     R 2  represents a group of the formula --CO--NR 11  R 12  or --CO--A--R 13  wherein 
     R 11  and R 12  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, or denote phenyl, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or methoxy, 
     A denotes a direct bond or an oxygen atom, 
     R 13  denotes hydrogen or a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur or by --CO--NH--, --O--CO--, --CO--O--, --NH--CO--, --SO 2  --NH--, --NH--SO 2  -- or --NR 16 , wherein 
     R 16  denotes hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is interrupted by heterocyclic radicals of the formulae ##STR7##  in which f and g are identical or different and denote the number 1 or 2, 
     and the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, fluorine, chlorine, nitro, cyano or hydroxyl or by phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio or pyridyl, which can in turn be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or 
     the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  R 17 , --CONR 18  R 19 , --NR 20  R 21 , --NH--SO 2  --X and/or --NR 22  --CO 2  R 23 , wherein 
     R 20  and R 21  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, pyridyl or phenyl, which can in turn be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or methoxy, or 
     denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or methoxy, or 
     R 20  and R 21 , together and including the nitrogen atom, form a 5- to 6-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical, which can optionally contain up to 2 further hereto atoms from the series comprising S, N and O and which is optionally also substituted by straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or phenyl, 
     X denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by methyl, 
     R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , R 22  and R 23  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 6 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by phenyl, or 
     denote phenyl which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine, 
     R 3  represents cyano, nitro or formyl, or 
     R 3  and R 4  together form a radical of the formula ##STR8##  wherein E denotes an oxygen or sulphur atom or the --CH 2  -- group, 
     R 5  represents a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur, 
     and which is optionally substituted by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, fluorine, chlorine, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl or by phenyl, phenyloxy or phenylthio or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 2 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the phenyl rings and heterocyclic radicals in turn to be substituted up to twice in an identical or different manner by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy or by a group of the formula --NR 24  R 25 , wherein 
     R 24  and R 25  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  --R 26 , --CONR 27  R 28 , --NR 29  R 30 , --NR 31  --CO 2  R 32  or --NR 33  --SO 2  R 34 , wherein 
     R 26  denotes alkyl having 1-4 C atoms or phenyl, and 
     R 27 , R 28 , R 29 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 , R 33  and R 34  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, or 
     R 5  represents a 5- to 6-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 2 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio or trifluoromethyl, or 
     R 5  represents a group of the formula D--R 35 , wherein 
     D denotes the --S(O) h  group or an oxygen atom, wherein 
     h denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, and 
     R 35  denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or amino or by C 1  -C 2  -mono- or -dialkylamino, or 
     R 35  denotes hydrogen or a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur, and which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine or phenyl, or is substituted by a group of the formula --NR 36  R 37 , wherein 
     R 36  and R 37  have the abovementioned meaning of R 11  and R 12  and are identical to or different from these, 
      and salts thereof, 
     with the proviso that R 5  may not represent optionally halogen-substituted pyridyl or thienyl. 
     Especially preferred compounds of the general formula (I) are those in which 
     R 1  represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl or amino, 
     R 4  represents hydrogen, methyl or amino, 
     R 2  represents a group of the formula --CO--NR 11  R 12  or --CO--A--R 13 , wherein 
     R 11  and R 12  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, 
     A denotes a direct bond or an oxygen atom, 
     R 13  denotes hydrogen or a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 8 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur or by --O--CO--, --CO--O-- or --NR 16 , wherein 
     R 16  denotes hydrogen or methyl 
     and the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, fluorine, chlorine, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, --O--NO 2  or by phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio or pyridyl, which can in turn be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy, or 
     the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --CO 2  --R 17 , --NH--SO 2  --X and/or --NR 20  R 21  wherein 
     R 17  denotes hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, 
     R 20  and R 21  are identical or different and denote hydrogen or a straight-chain, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 5 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by phenyl, which in turn can be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl or methoxy, or 
     R 20  and R 21 , together and including the nitrogen atom, form a piperidine or piperazine ring, which can optionally be substituted by methyl, ethyl, phenyl or benzyl, 
     X denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by methyl, 
     R 3  represents cyano or nitro, or 
     R 3  and R 4  together form a radical of the formula ##STR9##  wherein E denotes an oxygen or sulphur atom or the --CH 2  -- group, 
     R 5  represents a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulphur, 
     and which is optionally substituted by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, fluorine, chlorine, cyano or hydroxyl or by phenyl, phenyloxy or phenylthio or by a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 2 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, it being possible for the cyclic radicals in turn to be substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy or by a group of the formula --NR 24  R 25 , wherein 
     R 24  and R 25  denote hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl or straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atom, 
     or the hydrocarbon radical is optionally substituted by a group of the formula --NR 29  R 30 , wherein 
     R 29  and R 30  are identical or different and denote hydrogen, phenyl or straight-chain or branched alkyl having up to 4 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by phenyl, or 
     R 5  represents a 5- to 6-membered, saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical having up to 2 hetero atoms from the series comprising S, N and O, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio or trifluoromethyl, or 
     R 5  represents a group of the formula D--R 35 , wherein 
     D denotes an oxygen or sulphur atom, and 
     R 35  denotes phenyl, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, methylthio, trifluoromethyl or amino or by C 1  -C 2  -mono- or -dialkylamino, or 
     R 35  denotes hydrogen or a cyclic, straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having up to 6 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted by fluorine, chlorine or phenyl, 
      and salts thereof, 
     with the proviso that R 5  may not represent optionally halogen-substituted pyridyl or thienyl. 
     A process has furthermore been found for the preparation of the compounds of the general formula (I) according to the invention, characterized in that in the case where R 3  represents cyano, nitro or formyl, 
     [A] compounds of the general formula (II) ##STR10##  in which R 5  has the abovementioned meaning, 
      are first reacted with acyl compounds of the general formula (III) 
     
         R.sup.3 --CO--CH.sub.2 --R.sup.4                           (III) 
    
      in which 
     R 3  and R 4  have the abovementioned meaning, 
     if appropriate with isolation of the ylidene compounds of the general formula (IV) ##STR11##  in which R 3 , R 4  and R 5  have the abovementioned meaning, 
      and the products are then reacted with compounds of the formula (V) ##STR12##  in which R 1  and R 2  have the abovementioned meaning, 
      and a reactive ammonium compound, for example ammonium acetate, or directly with enamino compounds of the general formula (VI) ##STR13##  in which R 1  and R 2  have the abovementioned meaning, 
      in inert solvents, or 
     [B] compounds of the general formula (II) are first reacted with compounds of the general formula (V), if appropriate with isolation of the ylidene compounds of the general formula (VII) ##STR14##  in which R 1 , R 2  and R 5  have the abovementioned meaning, 
      and the products are then reacted either with compounds of the general formula (III) in the presence of ammonium compounds or directly with compounds of the general formula (VIII) 
      in which ##STR15## R 3  and R 4  have the abovementioned meaning, or [C] in the case where R 3  and R 4  together form a radical of the formula ##STR16##  wherein E&#39; represents an oxygen or sulphur atom, 
      compounds of the general formula (IX) ##STR17##  in which R 1 , R 1  and R 5  have the abovementioned meaning, 
     L represents C 1  -C 4  -alkyl and 
     T represents C 1  -C 4  -acyloxy or acylthio, 
      are first prepared by the methods described under [A] and [B] and basic or acid cyclization is then carried out by known methods, or 
     [D] in that, in the case where E represents the --CH 2  -- group, 
     compounds of the general formula (II) are first reacted with acyl compounds of the general formula (X) 
     
         L--CO--CH.sub.2 --R.sup.2                                  (X) 
    
      in which 
     R 2  has the abovementioned meaning and 
     L has the abovementioned meaning of R 1 , and in the case of the hydroxyl and/or amino functions, these are optionally present in protected form, 
     if appropriate with isolation of the ylidene compounds of the general formula (XI) ##STR18##  in which R 2 , R 5  and L have the abovementioned meaning, 
      and the products are then reacted with a compound of the formula (XII) ##STR19##  and a reactive ammonium compound, for example ammonium acetate, if appropriate with isolation of the intermediate products of the general formula (XIII) ##STR20##  in which R 2 , R 3  and L have the abovementioned meaning, 
      in inert solvents, 
     and water is subsequently separated off in a last step, if appropriate in the presence of an auxiliary. 
     The processes according to the invention can be illustrated by way of example by the following equation: ##STR21## 
     Suitable solvents here are all the inert organic solvents which do not change under the reaction conditions. These include, preferably, alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol, or ethers, such as diethyl ether, dixoane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, acetonitrile or amides, such as hexamethylphosphoric, acid triamide or dimethylformamide, or acetic acid or halogenated hydrocarbons, such as methylene chloride or carbon tetrachloride, or hydrocarbons, such as benzene or toluene. It is also possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. 
     Preferred solvents are methanol, isopropanol, ethanol and n-propanol, acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran, depending on the particular process variant [A], [B], [C] and [D]. 
     The reaction temperatures can be varied within a relatively wide range. The reaction is in general carried out at between +10° C. and +150° C., preferably between +20° C. and +100° C., in particular at the boiling point of the particular solvent. 
     The reaction can be carried out under normal pressure, but also under incrcased or reduced pressure (for example 0.5 to 3 bar). It is in general carried out under normal pressure. 
     Suitable chiral ester radicals are all the esters of enantiomerically pure alcohols such as, for example, 2-butanol, 1-phenylethanol, lactic acid, lactic acid esters, mandelic acid, mandelic acid esters, 2-amino alcohols, sugar derivatives, hydroxy amino acid derivatives and many other enantiomerically pure alcohols. 
     The diastereomers are in general separated either by fractional crystallization, by column chromatography or by Craig partition. The optimum process must be decided upon from case to case, and it is sometimes also expedient to use combinations of the individual processes. Separation by crystallization or Craig partition or a combination of the two processes is particularly suitable. 
     The compounds of the general formula (II) are new and can preferably be obtained by a process analogous to known processes, by a procedure in which 4-amino-3-hydroxyphthalide of the formula (XIV) ##STR22## is cyclized, either after isolation or directly in situ after hydrogenation of 4-nitro-3-hydroxyphthalide of the formula (XV) ##STR23## with compounds of the general formula (XVI) 
     
         R.sup.5 --CH.sub.2 --CHO                                   (XVI) 
    
     to give compounds of the general formula (XVII) ##STR24## these are then converted with the customary reducing agents, such as, for example, lithium aluminium hydride, or via a mixed anhydride with sodium borohydride, into the alcohols of the general formula (XVIII) ##STR25## and these are then oxidized, either after isolation or directly in situ, with oxidizing agents, such as, for example, manganese dioxide, to give compounds of the general formula (II), wherein 
     R 5  in each case has the abovementioned meaning. 
     The process can be illustrated by the following equation: ##STR26## 
     The acyl compounds of the general formula (III) and (X) are known or can be prepared by customary methods. 
     The compounds of the general formulae (V), (VI), (VIII) and (XII) are known. 
     The ylidene compounds (IV), (VII) and (XI) are new, but can be prepared by customary methods. 
     The compounds of the general formula (IX) are new, but can be prepared by known methods, for example by reacting benzylidene compounds of the general formula (IV) with chloroacetic acid esters and ammonium compounds. 
     The compounds of the general formula (XIII) are new and can be prepared as described above. 
     The above preparation processes are given merely for illustration. The preparation of the compounds of the formula (I) is not limited to these processes, but any modification of these processes can be used in the same manner for preparation of the compounds according to the invention. 
     The compounds according to the invention display an unforeseeable, valuable pharmacological action spectrum. They influence the contractility of the heart and the tone of the smooth muscle, and in particular they display positively inotropic actions. 
     They can therefore be employed in medicaments for influencing pathologically altered blood pressure, as coronary therapeutics and for the treatment of cardiac insufficiency. They can furthermore be used for the treatment of disturbances in cardiac rhythm, for lowering blood sugar, for detumescence of mucosa and for influencing the salt and fluid balance. 
     The cardiac and vascular actions were found on the isolated perfused hearts of guinea-pigs. The hearts of guinea-pigs weighing 250 to 350 g are used for this. The animals are sacrificed by a blow to the head, the thorax is opened and a metal cannula is inserted into the exposed aorta. The heart is removed with the lungs from the thorax and connected to the perfusion apparatus, with perfusion running, via an aortic cannula. The lungs are removed at the lung roots and the perfusion medium used is a Krebs-Henseleit solution (118.5 mmol/l of NaCl, 4.75 mmol/l of KCl, 1.19 mmol/l of KH 2  PO 4 , 1.19 mmol/l of MgSO 4 , 25 mmol/l of NaHCO 3 , 0.013 mmol/l of Na 2  EDTA), the CaCl 2  content of which is 1.2 mmol/l. 10 mmol/l of glucose are added as energy-supplying substrate, and the solution is filtered particle-free before the perfusion. The solution is gassed with carbogen (95% O 2 , 5% CO 2 ) to maintain the pH at 7.4. The hearts are perfused with a constant flow rate (10 ml/minute) at 32° C. by means of a roller squeezing pump. 
     To measure the cardiac function, a latex balloon which is filled with liquid and connected to a pressure transducer via a column of liquid is inserted through the left auricle into the left ventricle and the isovolumetric contractions are recorded on a high-speed recorder. The perfusion pressure is recorded by means of a pressure transducer connected to the perfusion system before the heart. Under these conditions, a reduction in the perfusion pressure indicates coronary dilation and an increase or decrease in the left ventricular contraction amplitude indicates a reduction or, respectively, an increase in cardiac contractility. The compounds according to the invention are perfused into the perfusion system in suitable dilutions shortly before the isolated heart. 
     The new active compounds can be converted in a known manner into the customary formulations, such as tablets, coated tablets, pills, granules, aerosols, syrups, emulsions, suspensions and solutions, using inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients or solvents. The therapeutically active compound should in each case be present here in a concentration of about 0.5 to 90% by weight of the total mixture, that is to say in amounts which are sufficient to achieve the stated dosage range. 
     The formulations are prepared, for example, by extending the active compounds with solvents and/or excipients, if appropriate using emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents, and, for example, in the case where water is used as the diluent, organic solvents can be used as auxiliary solvents if appropriate. 
     Administration is effected in the customary manner, preferably orally or parenterally, in particular perlingually or intravenously. 
     In general, it has proved advantageous in the case of intravenous administration to administer amounts of about 0.001 to 1 mg/kg, preferably about 0.01 to 0.5 mg/kg of body weight in order to achieve effective results, and in the case of oral administration the dosage is about 0.01 to 20 mg/kg, preferably 0.1 to 10 mg/kg of body weight. 
     Nevertheless, it may at times be necessary to deviate from the mounts mentioned, and in particular as a function of the body weight or of the nature of the administration route, of the behaviour of the individual towards the medicament, of the nature of the formulation thereof and of the time or interval at which administration takes place. Thus in some cases it may suffice to manage with less than the abovementioned minimum amount, while in other cases the upper limit mentioned must be exceeded. Where relatively large amounts are administered, it may be advisable to divide these into several individual doses over the course of the day. 
     Starting compounds 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Ethyl 4-acetoxy-2-(3-phenoxy-quinolin-5-ylidene)-3-oxobutyrate ##STR27## 
     2.49 g (10 mmol) of 3-phenoxyquinoline-5-aldehyde are heated under reflux in 30 ml of methylene chloride with 2.07 g (11 mmol) of ethyl 4-acetoxyacetate, 0.05 ml of acetic acid and 0.1 ml of piperidine overnight, using a water separator. The mixture is cooled, washed twice with water and concentrated. 4.2 g of a yellowish oil are obtained. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Phenylthioacetaldehyde ##STR28## 
     23 g (1 mol) of sodium are dissolved in 400 ml of ethanol. After cooling, 110 g (1 mol) of thiophenol are added. 197 g (1 mol) of bromoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal are added dropwise to this mixture. The mixture is heated under reflux for 24 hours and cooled and the salt which has precipitated out is filtered off with suction. The filtrate is concentrated, water is added to the evaporation residue and the mixture is extracted 3 times with ether. The combined ether phases are washed with 1N sodium hydroxide solution and water, dried and concentrated. The evaporation residue obtained is dissolved in 1.2 l of tetrahydrofuran, 1 l of dilute hydrochloric acid is added and the mixture is heated under reflux for 3 hours. It is cooled, diluted with water and extracted 3 times with ether, and the combined ether phases are washed with water, sodium bicarbonate solution and water again, dried and concentrated. 150 g of crude oil are obtained, which is reacted without further purification. 
     EXAMPLE III 
     3-Phenylthio-quinoline-5-carboxylic acid ##STR29## 
     100 g (0.512 mol) of 3-hydroxy-4-nitro-phthalide are hydrogenated in 500 ml of ethanol, after addition of 10 g of Pd/barium sulphate, under 3.5 bar, during which the temperature may rise to 50° C. The mixture is filtered while hot with suction. 75 g (0.5 mol) of the compound from Example II are introduced into the filtrate and the mixture is heated under reflux overnight. After cooling, the product which has precipitated out is filtered off with suction and washed with ethanol. 35 g of a virtually colourless compound of melting point 287°-289° C. are obtained. 
     EXAMPLE IV 
     5-Hydroxymethyl-3-phenylthio-quinoline ##STR30## 
     28.1 g (0.1 mol) of the compound from Example III are dissolved in 800 ml of dry tetrahydrofuran, and 200 ml of a 1 molar solution of lithium aluminium hydride in tetrahydrofuran are added dropwise at 20°-30° C. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. 8 ml of water and 24 ml of dilute potassium hydroxide solution are added dropwise in succession, while cooling with ice. The mixture is subsequently stirred for 1 hour and filtered with suction over Celite, and the residue is rinsed with tetrahydrofuran. After the filtrate has been concentrated, 27 g of crude product are obtained, which is reacted further without purification. 
     EXAMPLE V 
     3-Phenylthio-quinoline-5-aldehyde ##STR31## 
     27 g of the compound from Example IV are dissolved in a mixture of 500 ml of dimethoxyethane and 500 ml of methylene chloride, and 165 g of manganese dioxide are added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and filtered with suction over Celite, and the residue is washed with methylene chloride. After the filtrate has been concentrated, the evaporation residue obtained is purified by flash chromatography with toluene/ethyl acetate mixtures. 13.7 g of virtually colourless crystals of melting point 46°-47° C. are obtained. 
     EXAMPLE VI 
     3-Cyclohexyl-quinoline-5-carboxylic acid ##STR32## 
     A mixture of 50 g of 4-nitro-3-hydroxyphthalide in 200 ml of isopropanol is hydrogenated with 5 g of Pd/barium sulphate under 3.5 bar, during which the temperature rises to 55° C. When the hydrogenation has ended (about 30 minutes), the catalyst is filtered off hot with suction. 33 g (260 mmol) of cyclohexylacetaldehyde are added to the filtrate and, after addition of a catalytic amount of sodium methylate, the mixture is heated under reflux for 20 hours. After cooling, the crystals which have precipitated out are filtered off with suction and washed with isopropanol. 15 g of virtually colourless product with a melting point of over 280° C. are obtained. 
     EXAMPLE VII 
     3-Cyclohexyl-5-hydroxymethyl-quinoline ##STR33## 
     33.6 g (131.7 mmol) of the compound from Example VI are dissolved in 320 ml of dimethoxyethane and the solution is stirred with 197.6 mmol (27.6 ml) of triethylamine. After 30 minutes, 19.75 ml (197.5 mmol) of ethyl chlorocarbonate are added dropwise at 20°-30° C. The mixture is subsequently stirred for 30 minutes and the salt is filtered off with suction and washed with dimethoxyethane. The filtrate is concentrated end the residue is dissolved in a mixture of 320 ml of ethanol and 160 ml of water, and a solution of 9.25 g of sodium borohydride in 54 ml of water is added dropwise at 15°-18° C. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and the salt is filtered off with suction and washed with ethanol and water. The filtrate is concentrated to one third, methylene chloride and water are added and the phases are separated. The organic phase is washed 3 times with water, dried and concentrated. 26 g of a pale brown oil are obtained, which is employed without further purification. 
     EXAMPLE VIII 
     3-Cyclohexyl-quinoline-5-aldehyde ##STR34## 
     150 g of manganese dioxide are added to 26 g of the compound VII in 260 ml of methylene chloride. The mixture is stirred for 1 hour and the precipitate is filtered off with suction and washed with methylene chloride. The filtrate is concentrated. 20 g of a crystalline compound which has a melting point of 94°-95° C. after recrystallization from acetonitrile are obtained. 
     Preparation examples 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Isopropyl 3-cyano-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-benzylquinolin-5-yl)-pyridine-5-carboxylate ##STR35## 
     0.72 g of isopropyl acetoacetate, 0.025 ml of acetic acid and 0.05 ml of piperidine are added to 1.24 g (5 mmol) of 3-benzylquinoline-5-aldehyde in 20 ml of methylene chloride and the mixture is heated at the boiling point overnight. It is cooled, diluted with methylene chloride, extracted twice by shaking with water, dried and concentrated. The resulting intermediate product is suspended in 15 ml of isopropanol, 0.41 g (5 mmol) of 3-aminocrotononitrile are added and the mixture is stirred at 80° C. for 20 hours. It is concentrated and the residue is purified by flash chromatography with toluene/ethyl acetate mixtures. After crystallization from ethanol/ether 1:1, 1.0 g of colourless crystals of melting point 188°-190° C. is obtained. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Ethyl 2-methyl-4-(3-phenoxy-quinolin-5-yl)-5-oxo-1,4,5,7-tetrahydrofuran[3,4-b]pyridine-3-carboxylate ##STR36## a) Preparation of the starting compound Diethyl 2-acetoxy-6-methyl-4-(3-phenoxy-quinolin-5-yl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate ##STR37## 
     4.2 g (10 mmol) of the compound from Example 1 are boiled under reflux in 50 ml of isopropanol with 1.4 g (11 mmol) of ethyl 3-aminocrotonate for 20 hours and the mixture is concentrated. 5.4 g of a brown oil are obtained. 
     5.4 g of the compound from Example 2a are dissolved in 60 ml of ethanol, 1.5 g of powdered potassium hydroxide are added and the mixture is heated under reflux for 1 hour. It is cooled, rendered neutral with 1N hydrochloric acid and concentrated. The evaporation residue is taken up in methylene chloride, washed with water, dried and concentrated. After crystallization with ethyl acetate, the product is filtered off with suction and washed with ethyl acetate. 1.1 g of a colourless compound of melting point 218°-219° C. are obtained. 
     The compounds listed in Tables 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are prepared analogously to the instructions of Example 1: 
     The compounds listed in Tables 2 and 4 are prepared analogously to the instructions of Example 2: 
     
                                           TABLE 1                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
 ##STR38##                                                                
Example                                   Melting                         
No.  R.sup.1                                                              
         R.sup.2        R.sup.3                                           
                            R.sup.4                                       
                                R.sup.5   point °C.                
__________________________________________________________________________
3    CH.sub.3                                                             
          ##STR39##     CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                   
                                          205                             
4    NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                   
                                          134-136                         
5    CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                   
                                          174                             
6    CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                               
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                   
                                          116                             
7    NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                   
                                          165                             
8    CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                   
                                          193                             
9    CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                         
                                          foam                            
10   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          188-189                         
11   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.2 CH.sub.3                               
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          221                             
12   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          foam                            
13   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          242                             
14   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.4 -p-Cl                    
                                          143-144                         
15   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.4 -p-Cl                    
                                          196                             
16   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.4 -p-Cl                    
                                          186                             
17   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.3                             
                        NO.sub.2                                          
                            CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          213                             
18   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                       
                        NO.sub.2                                          
                            CH.sub.3                                      
                                OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          172                             
19   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        NO.sub.2                                          
                            CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     270                                                                  
                                          (decomposition)                 
20   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     263-265                                                              
21   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     191                                                                  
22   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                                          120-121                         
23   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                                          164-166                         
24   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     228                                                                  
25   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     212                                                                  
                                          (decomposition)                 
26   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                                          160-161                         
27   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     170                                                                  
28   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
     238                                                                  
29   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                         
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                                          141-142                         
30   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                                          223-224                         
31   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                        
                                          172-173                         
32   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                SC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          207-208                         
33   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                SC.sub.6 H.sub.5                          
                                          160-162                         
34   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                         
                                          149-150                         
35   NH.sub.2                                                             
         CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                      
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                         
                                          217-218                         
36   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.4CN                                       
                        CN  CH.sub.3                                      
                                C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                         
                                          184-185                         
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
 ##STR40##                                                                
Example                        Melting                                    
No.   R.sup.1                                                             
          R.sup.2      R.sup.5 point °C.                           
__________________________________________________________________________
37    CH.sub.3                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                     
                       OC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   
                               198                                        
38    NH.sub.2                                                            
          CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                        
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
      192                                                                 
39    CH.sub.3                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                               
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
      from 262                                                            
                               (decomposition)                            
40    CH.sub.3                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                     
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
      from 150                                                            
41    NH.sub.2                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                     
c-C.sub.6 H.sub.11                                                        
      from 192                                                            
42    CH.sub.3                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                               
                       SC.sub.6 H.sub.5                                   
                               278-279                                    
43    CH.sub.3                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                               
                       CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                 
                               158-160                                    
44    NH.sub.2                                                            
          CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                               
                       CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                 
                               170-171                                    
45    CH.sub.3                                                            
          CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                        
                       CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                            
                               240                                        
46    CH.sub.3                                                            
          COCH.sub.3   CH.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.5                            
                               271                                        
47    CH.sub.3                                                            
          COO(CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.3                                    
                       C(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                  
                               195-196                                    
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
 ##STR41##                                                                
Example                                           Melting                 
No.  R.sup.1                                                              
          R.sup.2               R.sup.3                                   
                                    R.sup.4                               
                                        R.sup.5   point                   
__________________________________________________________________________
                                                  °C.              
48   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR42##                        
                                                  144                     
49   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH.sub.3           CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR43##                        
                                                  128-29°          
50   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR44##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                        C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                 
                                                  188-89                  
51   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR45##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR46##                        
                                                  170-71                  
52   C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                      
          COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR47##                        
                                                  215-16                  
53   NH.sub.2                                                             
           ##STR48##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR49##                        
                                                  (-)-enantiomer          
54   CF.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR50##                        
                                                  218                     
55   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COO(CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.3                                    
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR51##                        
                                                  219                     
56   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR52##                        
                                                  182                     
57   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COO(CH.sub.2).sub.2CH.sub.3                                     
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR53##                        
                                                  191                     
58   CF.sub.3                                                             
          COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5    CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR54##                        
                                                  230                     
59   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH.sub.3           CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                        C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                 
                                                  174                     
60   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3                                    
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR55##                        
                                                  217                     
61   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.3                                     
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR56##                        
                                                  185                     
62   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH(CH.sub.3)COOCH.sub.3                                      
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR57##                        
                                                  191                     
63   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COO(CH.sub.2).sub.2CH.sub.3                                     
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR58##                        
                                                  209                     
64   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR59##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR60##                        
                                                  184                     
65   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR61##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                        C(CH.sub.3).sub.3                 
                                                  172                     
66   C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                      
          COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5    CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR62##                        
                                                  220                     
67   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR63##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR64##                        
                                                  228                     
68   NH.sub.2                                                             
           ##STR65##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR66##                        
                                                  (-)-enantiomer          
69   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3                                    
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR67##                        
                                                  174                     
70   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5    CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR68##                        
                                                  208                     
71   NH.sub.2                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.3                                    
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR69##                        
                                                  (-)-enantiomer          
72   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CN CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR70##                        
                                                  226                     
73   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR71##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR72##                        
                                                  154                     
74   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR73##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR74##                        
                                                  264-68                  
75   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CN CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR75##                        
                                                  186                     
76   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCOCH.sub.3                                  
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR76##                        
                                                  225                     
77   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR77##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR78##                        
                                                  218                     
78   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR79##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR80##                        
                                                  227-28                  
79   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COO(CH.sub.2).sub.3CH.sub.3                                     
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR81##                        
                                                  240-42                  
80   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR82##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR83##                        
                                                  197-98                  
81   CH.sub.3                                                             
          CONHCH.sub.3          CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR84##                        
                                                  173-74                  
82   CH.sub.3                                                             
          CONHCH.sub.3          CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR85##                        
                                                  209                     
83   CH.sub.3                                                             
          CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.2CH.sub.3                                    
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR86##                        
                                                  163                     
84   CH.sub.3                                                             
          CONHCH.sub.2CH.sub.3  CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR87##                        
                                                  147                     
85   CH.sub.3                                                             
          CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.2CH.sub.3                                    
                                CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR88##                        
                                                  158-60                  
86   CH.sub.3                                                             
          COOCH.sub.3           NO.sub.2                                  
                                    CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR89##                        
                                                  251-52                  
87   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR90##            NO.sub.2                                  
                                    CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR91##                        
                                                  263-64                  
88   CH.sub.3                                                             
           ##STR92##            CN  CH.sub.3                              
                                         ##STR93##                        
                                                  (-)-enantiomer 192-93   
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
                                           TABLE 4                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
 ##STR94##                                                                
Example                           Melting                                 
No.  R.sup.1                                                              
         R.sup.2        R.sup.5   Point °C.                        
__________________________________________________________________________
89   CH.sub.3                                                             
         COOCH.sub.3                                                      
                         ##STR95##                                        
                                  215-16                                  
90   NH.sub.2                                                             
         COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                            
                         ##STR96##                                        
                                  258                                     
91   CH.sub.3                                                             
         COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                            
                         ##STR97##                                        
                                  252                                     
92   NH.sub.2                                                             
         COOCH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                            
                         ##STR98##                                        
                                  228                                     
93   NH.sub.2                                                             
         COOC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                               
                         ##STR99##                                        
                                  166                                     
94   CH.sub.3                                                             
          ##STR100##                                                      
                         ##STR101##                                       
                                  158-60                                  
95   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CONHCH.sub.3                                                     
                         ##STR102##                                       
                                  208-10                                  
96   CH.sub.3                                                             
         CONHCH.sub.3                                                     
                         ##STR103##                                       
                                  263                                     
97   CH.sub.3                                                             
          ##STR104##                                                      
                         ##STR105##                                       
                                  190                                     
98   CH.sub.3                                                             
          ##STR106##                                                      
                         ##STR107##                                       
                                  218                                     
99   CH.sub.3                                                             
          ##STR108##                                                      
                         ##STR109##                                       
                                  235                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
                       TABLE 5                                                     
______________________________________                                    
 ##STR110##                                                               
Example                             Melting                               
No.     R.sup.1  R.sup.2            Point °C.                      
______________________________________                                    
100     CH.sub.3 CO.sub.2(CH.sub.2)OCOCH.sub.3                            
                                    138-40                                
101     CH.sub.3 CO.sub.2(CH.sub.2).sub.2OCH.sub.3                        
                                    160                                   
102     CH.sub.3                                                          
                  ##STR111##        105                                   
103     CH.sub.3                                                          
                  ##STR112##        191                                   
104     CH.sub.3 CONHC.sub.2 H.sub.5                                      
                                    167-169                               
105     NH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3  156                                   
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
                       TABLE 6                                                     
______________________________________                                    
 ##STR113##                                                               
Example                           Melting                                 
No.       R.sup.1   R.sup.2       Point °C.                        
______________________________________                                    
106       CH.sub.3                                                        
                     ##STR114##   215-217                                 
107       CH.sub.3  CO.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                            
                                  203-204                                 
108       CH.sub.3  CO.sub.2C.sub.2 H.sub.5                               
                                  148-150                                 
109       NH.sub.2  CO.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                            
                                  221-223                                 
110       NH.sub.2  CO.sub.2C.sub.2 H.sub.5                               
                                  148-149                                 
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     
                                           TABLE 7                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
 ##STR115##                                                               
Example                          Melting                                  
No.  R.sup.2             R.sup.3                                          
                             R.sup.4                                      
                                 Point °C.                         
__________________________________________________________________________
111                                                                       
      ##STR116##         NO.sub.2                                         
                             CH.sub.3                                     
                                 184                                      
112                                                                       
      ##STR117##         CN  H   198-200                                  
113                                                                       
      ##STR118##         CN  CH.sub.3                                     
                                 185-186                                  
114  CO.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2                                          
                         CN  CH.sub.3                                     
                                 148-150                                  
115  CO.sub.2 C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                             
                         CN  CH.sub.3                                     
                                 160-161                                  
116  CO.sub.2 CH.sub.3   CN  CH.sub.3                                     
                                 158-160                                  
117                                                                       
      ##STR119##         CN  CH.sub.3                                     
                                 250-254 R-Enantiomer [a].sub.589.sup.20  
                                 = 370.79 (C = 0.635 Dimethylformamide)   
__________________________________________________________________________