Flight Crew Multiengine; Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP)
Flight Crew Last 90 Days 170.1; Flight Crew Total 17006.6; Flight Crew Type 6767.5
Distraction; Situational Awareness; Time Pressure
ATC Issue All Types; Conflict Airborne Conflict
Air Traffic Control Issued Advisory / Alert; Flight Crew FLC complied w / Automation / Advisory; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action
Environment - Non Weather Related; Procedure
We were being vectored for a visual at ZZZ following a go-around. ATC instructed us to descend to 4;000 [feet]. I started a V/S descent; at about 4;600 feet; ATC advised 'Stop descent; traffic alert 11 o'clock; 1 mile altitude indicates 3;700 [feet]' I clicked off the autopilot and leveled off at 4;500 feet. About the same time; TCAS issued a 'traffic traffic' call. We sighted the VFR aircraft; which appeared to be close off our left; and maintained visual separation as instructed by ATC.  Our recommended procedure of selecting TA on simultaneous parallel approaches (ZZZ 10-7) sets us up for not having TCAS RAs available following a go-around. We aren't trained; nor did I ever think about; going back to TA/RA after our Tower instructed go-around. It wasn't until we heard 'traffic traffic' that I remembered we were still in TA.  This incident followed a go-around; and we were extremely busy setting up for a new approach to a different runway.  We were never closer than 500 feet from the VFR aircraft to the best of my recollection but was still surprised by the proximity of the VFR aircraft.  Shortly after ATC advised us to descend to 4;000 feet. then cleared us for the visual approach [Runway] XXL.  I contacted the [Chief Pilot] to report the incident shortly after we landed.
A320 Captain reported after an ATC requested go-around; they encountered TA while on the return visual approach.