Small Aircraft
Flight Crew Commercial; Flight Crew Flight Instructor; Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Multiengine
Flight Crew Last 90 Days 56; Flight Crew Total 540; Flight Crew Type 212
Confusion; Distraction; Fatigue; Human-Machine Interface; Situational Awareness; Time Pressure; Workload
Deviation - Altitude Excursion From Assigned Altitude; Deviation - Track / Heading All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy; Inflight Event / Encounter Weather / Turbulence
Air Traffic Control Issued New Clearance; Air Traffic Control Provided Assistance; Flight Crew Became Reoriented; Flight Crew Diverted; Flight Crew Executed Go Around / Missed Approach; Flight Crew Landed As Precaution; Flight Crew Overcame Equipment Problem; Flight Crew Requested ATC Assistance / Clarification; Flight Crew Returned To Clearance
Aircraft; Human Factors; Weather
This was my third flight for the day IFR training. The third plane for the day. The weather minimums and visibility were within limits for the flight. The first part of the flight was a ILS approach into ZZZ1; using SID departure procedures.Upon departure from ZZZ; the active runway was Runway XX; we used the SID; heading 165 to intercept the 256 radial to ZZZ2; then radar vectors to intercept the Localizer and Glide Slope to ZZZ1 Runway XXR. The flight was uneventful; the flight ended with a full stop and taxi back to runway for an IFR departure to pick up the LOC-D back into ZZZ; the IFR request was granted; upon departure; heading was 270; with radar vectors to pick up the Localizer into ZZZ; altitude initially was 5;000 MSL.We were cleared for the approach; the student under my supervision flew the approach; when we descended to 1;500; the heading indicator and attitude indicator showed slight precession and tilting; we did not have the runway in site; we were returned to ATC control and returned to try it again. This happened twice for the student; upon the missed; I took the controls; and I tried the approach. The attitude indicator; in my opinion was having a problem; so I treated it as a partial panel; I covered the attitude indicator; so it would not distract me. I did not have the runway in sight; so I was returned to ATC; I was returned to intercept the Localizer. During all this the weather progressively got worse; the flight was supposed to be short; but with the many attempts; and with the weather getting worse. I was asked by ATC if I would like to divert to ZZZ1; I preceded to initiate a climb; but the heading indicator was precessing; and I ended up being 180 degree off course. ATC helped me get back on course; but I was having issues with maintaining heading and altitude; ATC asked me if I was having an issue; and I told them I having a problem with my attitude and heading; then ATC diverted traffic to assist me. I was give turn by turn heading and I lost altitude and once I recovered; I was asked if I could use GPS to direct to fixes; I confirmed that I could; I maintained heading and altitude; and vectored to intercept the glide slope and localizer to ZZZ1; and landed there.I have reviewed this flight to the best of my memory; when I checked the weather prior to the flight; apparently I made an error; I will review my weather minimums before attempting another flight in the future under the same conditions.
Flight instructor reported that failure of the attitude and heading indicators in IMC resulted in heading and altitude deviations.