B767-200
Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP)
Aircraft Equipment Problem Critical
Flight Crew Inflight Shutdown; Flight Crew Returned To Departure Airport; General Declared Emergency
Aircraft
We experienced compressor stalls climbing out after takeoff on the left engine. Accomplished appropriate checklists. Declared an emergency and returned to [departure airport].  On approach the same engine that compressor stalled failed. We accomplished a go-around in order to re-assess. We then returned for a single-engine ILS approach followed by an overweight landing.  We then taxied to the gate under aircraft power.
During the climb left engine started compressor stalling around FL230. I was the pilot monitoring. When this happened we experienced vibrations and burnt fumes [in] the cabin for a few seconds. We immediately assessed the situation. We followed the checklist and retarded the left throttle until the engine stabilized. The conditions stabilized with about one inch of forward throttle. In accordance with the QRH we left it there at a thrust level that was surge and stall free. All indications remained normal for the condition. The EGT gauge showed max exceedance of 627 which was momentary during the abnormal condition. This was confirmed by the cabin crew who reported flames had shot out the left engine. Upon arrival the weather was 1 mile visibility and 300 overcast IFR. We requested the longest available runway and an ILS approach. An emergency was declared and emergency equipment was summoned. On final approach the generators switched and the engine indications trended to a downward direction. With little time to assess the situation we secured and shut down the left engine. When all the electronics clicked over it turned off the autopilot and we decided the best course of action was to go missed and come back around for an uninterrupted approach. We came back around and performed a single engine approach to a landing. The landing was overweight at approximately 306;000 lbs. Autobrakes 4 was used. The touchdown and braking was smooth and normal. We exited the runway and the emergency equipment came out and inspected the aircraft for damage. No damage was noted. Aircraft taxied to the gate under the right engine power. Maintenance log entries were made for the engine abnormal and overweight landing.
B767-200 flight crew reported experiencing compressor stalls and subsequent engine failure shortly after takeoff. They declared an emergency and returned to departure airport.