Small Aircraft
Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Flight Instructor; Flight Crew Commercial
Situational Awareness
Airspace Violation All Types; Conflict NMAC; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy
Flight Crew Exited Penetrated Airspace; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action
Airspace Structure
My student and I were on a discovery flight; we were on the west side of Key Biscayne about 1.5 miles west of the island flying south bound at 1;200 ft. MSL. We had been actively searching for traffic; and noticed another aircraft about 500 ft. lower than our altitude flying south bound as well. However; that aircraft then made a climbing 180 degree turn; then flying directly towards us; my student advised me that the aircraft was getting closer and continued climbing in our direction. I did not have visual of the aircraft and for a moment my student also lost sight of the aircraft. At that moment I then decided to take evasive action and immediately began to climb to stay safe and to evade a near miss or a mid air collision. When my student caught sight of the aircraft again it was flying west bound in a direction that put him right below us. I was able to finally see the aircraft flying west bound about 200 to 300 ft. below us and continuing to fly away from us. At that moment I leveled off the aircraft to notice that I had violated the MIA class B airspace that starts at 1;500 ft. MSL . I'm not sure if we climbed up to 1;700 ft. MSL but I do know that I had climbed to at least 1;600 hft. I immediately descended below the MIA B airspace. As I acknowledge that I had violated the B airspace. This was not done on purpose; simply done to maintain the safety of the flight and evade another aircraft.
Flight Instructor reported violating Class B airspace after evading an NMAC.