King Air C90 E90
Situational Awareness
Conflict Ground Conflict; Critical; Ground Event / Encounter Object; Ground Excursion Taxiway
Aircraft Aircraft Damaged; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action
Airport; Human Factors
We were taxing for departure. A Citation reported entering a right downwind and [the F/O (First Officer)] announced taxiing to the runway and that [we] would hold in the run-up area for the landing Citation. Upon reaching the run-up area I set the parking brake and proceeded to accomplish the pre-takeoff run-up checks. While parked well clear of the approach end of runway heard the Citation pilot announce right base. I commented that I did not see the Citation and [the F/O] indicated that he saw it just above the trees I looked in the general direction and saw the aircraft and commented to [the F/O] that it appeared to be slightly right of the centerline and he agreed. As the aircraft got closer it became readily apparent that the aircraft was lined up with the taxiway on which we were parked and was going to pass dangerously close if it continued on its current trajectory. [The F/O] admonished the Citation pilot to go around 3 times. The aircraft did not deviate. Fearing a collision I advanced the power levers; simultaneously released the parking brake and [as] the aircraft moved forward the left main gear exited the tarmac and the left prop struck an elevated reflector. The Citation passed overhead over the aft portion of the aircraft at what I estimated to be approximately 20-25 ft. above our aircraft and appeared to be initiating a go around. I heard the Citation pilot call 'Going around' and admonishing us for being on the runway at which point first [the F/O] and myself corrected him by telling him he had just overflown us on the taxiway he then apologized saying something about no runway lights. I taxied the aircraft to parking shut down; called Maintenance. A combination of inoperative runway edge lighting; the Citation pilot's decision to continue approach and attempt to land with inadequate lighting and failure to execute a go-around until prompted on the CTAF frequency. The damage to [our aircraft] was the direct result of rapid evasive maneuvering to avoid a possible collision with the Citation attempting to land on the taxiway.
BE-90 Captain reported he deliberately departed the taxiway to avoid a collision with a Citation that was lined up for landing on that taxiway.