Small Transport; Low Wing; 2 Turboprop Eng
Flight Crew Multiengine; Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP)
Flight Crew Last 90 Days 72; Flight Crew Total 1895; Flight Crew Type 1030
Situational Awareness
Airspace Violation All Types; Deviation - Track / Heading All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy
Air Traffic Control Provided Assistance; Flight Crew Became Reoriented; Flight Crew Exited Penetrated Airspace
Human Factors
On departure from MUGM; we inadvertently entered Cuban Territorial Waters/Airspace between GPS Waypoints DANYL and EASTP. Standard departure routing is to fly VFR direct DANYL - EASTP - BYGON. At BYGON; aircraft pick up their IFR clearance with MIAMI CENTER. Deviation was caused by the aircrew failing to load the GPS Waypoint EASTP into the Flight Management System. The route of flight in the FMS was double checked prior to taxi by the both the First Pilot and the Captain. Both failed to recognize the missing waypoint. We took off from MUGM and the Aircrew recognized that the initial waypoint was missing; corrected the discrepancy; checked the remainder of the route and continued. The aircraft was on Autopilot; receiving course commands from the GPS NAV computer. We checked in with HAVANA CENTER over DANYL passing 9;000 feet MSL. HAVANA CENTER issued a squawk code; made radar contact; instructed that we fly direct DANYL; EASTP; BYGON with no left deviation unless prior coordinated; and then advised us to remain outside territorial waters. This is standard phraseology with HAVANA CENTER. HAVANA CENTER later contacted us and advised we remain outside territorial waters two additional times. We responded in the affirmative each time. At approximately XA:15 local the supervisor came on the radio and advised us that they were 6 nm inside the CUBAN ADIZ and had violated CUBAN TERRITORIAL WATERS. The pilot flying immediately executed a turn back on course and I began verifying the flight route in the FMS. Both myself; and my pilot realized that an additional waypoint was missing from the route of flight and corrected the discrepancy.
A military flight crew penetrated restricted airspace due to FMS programming.