B737-800
Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP)
Situational Awareness; Workload; Time Pressure; Confusion; Communication Breakdown
Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Ground Incursion Runway
Air Traffic Control Issued Advisory / Alert; Flight Crew Became Reoriented; Flight Crew Took Evasive Action
Environment - Non Weather Related; Human Factors; Airport
My First Officer landed the aircraft on runway 12R at SJC; at approximately 60kts I took control of the aircraft and rolled out to taxiway 'Charlie'. Tower instructed us to hold short of runway 12L; which was acknowledged and previously briefed. Clearing the runway I looked up and turned off the landing lights as I heard the first officer say 'that's the Hold Short' I responded 'no it's not'; he replied 'yes it is Stop'. I immediately stop the aircraft; which came to rest with the nose beyond the 'Hold Short' line. The tower was immediately notified; and the aircraft which had landed 12L clear runway well prior to taxiway 'Charlie'. Possible factors that may have contributed to this event: Did not realize the 'hold short' was that close. Lack of situational awareness. Distracted with securing landing lights. Still mentally preoccupied with the last minute approach change. Still mentally preoccupied with last minute attempt from tower to change runways; which was refused; ironically; to try and minimize distraction or confusion. Night time. Please note: Neither pilot was heads down. Thanks to the First Officer's quick recognition and situational awareness; although an incursion event did result; his diligence brought me back in the loop and prevented a more serious incident. If I had responded appropriately to his first comment it's possible this event could have been prevented.
I think contributing factors of this runway incursion were that we had been really 'jerked around' by ATC with numerous last-minute and unexpected clearance changes during the STAR and IAP; we were too accommodating to ATC causing us to become task saturated; loss of situational awareness; fatigue caused by a delayed departure and landing at SJC an hour later than scheduled it was night/dark; the runways at SJC are very closely spaced; and we did not pre-brief that that fact.
Captain lost situational awareness after landing roll and incurred a closely spaced parallel runway.