TBM 700/TBM 850
Flight Crew Multiengine; Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Commercial
Flight Crew Last 90 Days 75; Flight Crew Total 1550; Flight Crew Type 175
Confusion
ATC Issue All Types; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Clearance; Ground Incursion Runway
Runway hold short line incursion occurred as I was taxiing to Runway 5 for flight from DSM.After we landed I noticed the construction ongoing at the airport and had previously read the NOTAM regarding the closure of Runway 13/31. I declared unfamiliar with airport ground control and was provided very helpful turn by turn directions into the FBO.After fueling we called ground again and were cleared 'Left on Bravo; Right on Romeo; Hold Short Runway 5 on Delta'. I wrote down the clearance and read it back correctly. I informed Ground that we were unfamiliar; and once again was told we would be provided a progressive taxi guidance. Ground provided real time guidance for the left turn out onto Bravo; and then also for the sharp right onto Romeo. Approaching the end of Romeo we were confronted with the construction barriers to the front and right of the aircraft. Taxiway Delta is also wider than most of the runways I operate from normally. I slowed the aircraft expecting further progressive instructions from ground and was concerned that we had proceeded too far and were facing construction on Runway 13/31.Since we were no longer getting the real time turn by turn guidance from Ground Control I should have called them and confirmed the turn but instead I consulted the Jeppesen airport diagram on the MFD and assured that we were actually correctly on Romeo at Delta and turned left towards Runway 5. I glanced down again at the MFD to double check that we were in fact turning onto Delta and upon looking up saw the hold short line. I was surprised at how little distance there was from the 90 degree turn to the hold short line. This distance from the left turn off Romeo to the hold short line was described by the Supervisor at DSM as 'Very short'. I found that it left little time in a moving aircraft to recognize the approaching hold short line after the turn.I stopped the aircraft but we had broken the hold short line and were straddling it. No operational hazard existed to the aircraft rolling out after landing on Runway 5 as we were 'over the line' but were stationary. In 22 years of flying I've never had a violation of any kind; particularly a hold short line. I've given quite a bit of thought to this and worked through the chain of events.[Contributing Factors:]- Incorrect expectation that turn by turn progressive taxi instructions would continue after Taxiway Romeo and assumption that ground control was watching me carefully after declaring 'unfamiliar'.- 'Heads Down' time required to watch the MFD airport diagram.- Relying on the MFD rather than calling Ground to confirm when I was unsure.- Construction at DSM airport necessitates the crossing of 2 runways to use Runway 5; including crossing the active to get to the active.- Unusually short distance from the left turn Romeo to Delta and the Runway 5 hold short line.- Focus on construction activities and barriers straight ahead distracted me from the proximity of the hold short line off to the left of the aircraft which I was about to turn towards.Human Factors:- The fact that the hold short line configurations at DSM are noted as an incursion 'Hot Spot' on the airport diagram leads me to believe that a fair number of perfectly competent pilots are getting caught out by the short distances from the taxiway turns at DSM to the hold short lines.- Procedurally I would suggest that aircraft who request progressive taxi guidance; and are known by DSM ground control to be unfamiliar with the airport; are held short of Delta on Romeo rather than turned the very short distance on Delta to the hold short line. This would entirely eliminate the incursion risk with no operational penalty at all.- As a pilot who is unfamiliar with a complex airport under construction; it is very seductive to over rely on turn by turn guidance from ground control when you are getting it because it reduces you workload and you can be 'Heads Up'. This can create a falsesense of security in thinking that ground controller is providing you full time guidance and doesn't have other workload to attend to. Conversely; as an ATC Ground Controller; if you are providing real time; turn by turn guidance to an unfamiliar aircraft and then stop giving that guidance before a 90 degree turn right into a hold short line; you have set that aircraft up perfectly for a runway incursion.- From a ground control phraseology perspective I would suggest that at least while the construction at DSM is ongoing; and ATC wants aircraft to make the left turn onto Delta; the following should be added by ground control for aircraft who declare that they are unfamiliar coming out of [FBO] 'Left on Bravo; Sharp Right onto Romeo; Left on Delta; Hold short of Runway 5 on Delta. Use caution; the hold short line is right after that last turn onto Taxiway Delta and it is a hot spot for runway incursions'
TBM 850 pilot reports a runway incursion at the intersection of Taxiway D and Runway 5 at DSM. The reporter had requested progressive taxi instructions which ceased at the intersection of taxiways D and R due construction barriers allowing only a left turn from Taxiway R. The hold line for Runway 5 was very close to Taxiway R and was crossed before it was noticed.