Flight Crew Air Transport Pilot (ATP); Flight Crew Instrument; Flight Crew Multiengine
Confusion; Distraction; Situational Awareness; Troubleshooting
ATC Issue All Types; Conflict Airborne Conflict; Deviation / Discrepancy - Procedural Published Material / Policy
Air Traffic Control Issued New Clearance; Flight Crew Returned To Clearance
Airport; Aircraft; Environment - Non Weather Related; Weather; Human Factors; Procedure
The flight was cleared to line up and wait on Runway XL while Aircraft Y was on short final to [Runway] XR. A short time after stopping in position on the runway; the flight was cleared for takeoff.  Takeoff was normal and the flight proceeded to climb to 500 feet and I was just about to initiate the right turn to 060 degrees as required by the ZZZZZ X departure. As I looked to my right; I could see Aircraft Y; on a go-around and apparently flying the runway heading; overtaking us at our altitude and in a position that was; in my opinion; much too close and a very real threat.  Just as this was happening; the tower instructed us in an urgent tone to turn left to heading 360 degrees.  I immediately initiated the turn; hand flying; as the Captain dialed it in with the heading selector. With that action the threat was over; our flight turned away to the left as the Aircraft Y overtook us in both distance and altitude.  The Captain and I learned through the ensuing communication between the Tower and Aircraft Y flight that it had gone around due to a strong wind gust.I have had a considerable amount of experience flying in and out of ZZZ over the years while I was employed by with another company.  It has always been customary that Tower controllers stagger the takeoffs on Runway XL with the landings on XR.  I have noticed that takeoffs usually are cleared as the parallel runway aircraft are either actually landing or rolling out.  This is just what I have noticed through the years and I do not have actual knowledge of Tower procedures at ZZZ.  Because our flight was lined up on Runway XL; I could not see the landing traffic.  When our flight was cleared for takeoff; I made the assumption that the parallel traffic was landing and not going to be a factor.  However; when Aircraft Y went around; it quickly began to overtake us and could have been a real threat to our flight.  With the excellent visibility at the time; I am certain that the Aircraft Y pilots could see us; but it was still very concerning that our two flights got so close.  I am concerned that there was possible loss of situational awareness on the part of the Tower Controller or a deviation from standard ATC procedures.  When Aircraft Y aircraft unexpectedly went around; an unsafe condition could have quickly developed.  This is especially concerning because the SID procedure requires a turn across the parallel runway's extended centerline.I have some concerns that during this COVID pandemic and the resulting slowdown in air traffic; that both flight crews and ATC are no longer operating at the highest levels of attention and situational awareness.  This reinforces in my own mind that absolute adherence to standard operating procedures is so very important and is a major barrier to safety of flight events when unexpected actions occur.  I cannot say for sure; but I believe that our flight was cleared for takeoff too early and when Aircraft Y landing on the parallel runway went around; the situation developed quickly into an unanticipated loss of separation.  I hope that procedures at ZZZ Tower are reviewed and adjusted so that this situation does not develop again.
Air carrier First Officer reported an aircraft went around due to winds; while they were departing a parallel runway causing an airborne conflict.