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spec: US exports to South Africa are composed of high value-added items and commodities . More than 20 million dollars in LEAF grants have been awarded since the program began in 1984 . This capacity was aimed at addressing broad questions related to relative changes in climate in different parts of new Zealand and the sensitivity of different agricultural crops to those changes . The goal of this program is to establish a process for inducing directed , localized , and controlled materials properties in any arbitrary location and pattern to achieve revolutionary capability in high value-added components . Kim - we did a bit of that at the beginning Tanja ... Many ofthese vertically integrated oil companies had diversified during the 1970s and early 1980s into petrochemicals , and the rapidly growing / high value-added markets for thermoplastics and agricultural fertilizers . Now , with the marriage so soon in ruins , all bets are off , and all the skeletons are emerging - some of them with curiously 80s haircuts . In Asian countries which wish to be involved in some of the high value-added and key industries of the next few decades ( microelectronics , biotechnology , the new materials science industries , civil aviation , telecommunications , robotics plus machine tools , computers and software ) , much needs to be done in the fields of education and training . With better education and opportunities for retraining , young people can avoid the nitty-gritty of the tradable sector and make their careers in high value-added , nontradable services . AssessmentOne written report of up to 5000 words ( not including appendices , diagrams , tables , computations and computer output ) due at the end of semester ; to pass the subject , the project work on which the report is based must be of a satisfactory standard .