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ÙˆØ®Ø±Ø§ÙØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¹ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù… Ø§Ù„Ù…ØªÙˆØ§Ø²ÙŠØ© Ùˆ"Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø¯ÙŠÙ„Ø©" ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù…Ø¨Ø¯Ø£ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ù†Ø«Ø±ÙˆØ¨ÙŠ!	,ÙØ§Ø¦Ø¯Ø©: ÙÙŠ Ø­ØªÙ…ÙŠØ© ØªØ±ØªØ¨ Ø£Ø­Ø¯Ø§Ø« Ø§Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙ† ÙƒÙ„Ù‡Ø§ Ø¹Ù„Ù‰ ÙˆÙÙ‚ Ø¥Ø±Ø§Ø¯Ø© Ø®Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ù‡.	,Ø£Ù†Ø·ÙˆÙ„ÙˆØ¬ÙŠØ§ ÙˆÙ…ÙŠØªØ§ÙØ²ÙŠÙ‚Ø§ Ø§Ù„Ø²Ù…ÙƒØ§Ù† Ø¹Ù†Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠÙŠÙ†: Ù…Ø§ ÙˆØ±Ø§Ø¡ Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù‚Ù„ ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù„ØºØ©!	,ÙÙ„Ø³ÙØ© Ø§Ù„Ù†Ø³Ø¨ÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø§Ù…Ø© ÙˆÙ…Ø§Ù‡ÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù† ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù…ÙƒØ§Ù†.	,ØªØ¨Ø±Ø¦Ø© Ø¹Ù„Ù… Ø§Ù„Ø±ÙŠØ§Ø¶ÙŠØ§Øª Ù…Ù† Ø¶Ù„Ø§Ù„Ø§Øª Ø§Ù„Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠÙŠÙ†.	,Ø«Ø§Ù†ÙŠØ§: Ø­Ù‚ÙŠØ¨Ø© Ø£Ø¯ÙˆØ§Øª Ù…Ø§ÙŠÙƒÙ„ Ø´ÙŠØ±Ù…Ø± Ù„ÙƒØ´Ù Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¬Ù„!	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø£ÙˆÙ„: Ù…Ø§ Ù…Ø¯Ù‰ ØµÙ„Ø§Ø­ÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ù…ØµØ¯Ø± Ø§Ù„Ø°ÙŠ ØªØ£ØªÙŠ Ù…Ù†Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ Source Reliability ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø«Ø§Ù†ÙŠ: Ù‡Ù„ ÙŠÙƒØ«Ø± ØµØ¯ÙˆØ± Ø£Ù…Ø«Ø§Ù„ ØªÙ„Ùƒ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹Ø§ÙˆÙ‰ Ù…Ù† Ø°Ù„Ùƒ Ø§Ù„Ù…ØµØ¯Ø± Ù†ÙØ³Ù‡ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø¬Ù…Ø§Ø¹ ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù„ÙˆÙ… Ø§Ù„ØªØ¬Ø±ÙŠØ¨ÙŠØ©.	,Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø¬Ù…Ø§Ø¹ ÙˆÙ†Ù…Ø· Ø§Ù„Ù†Ù…Ùˆ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¹Ø±ÙÙŠ ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù„Ù… Ø§Ù„ØªØ¬Ø±ÙŠØ¨ÙŠ ÙˆØ§Ù„Ø¹Ù„Ù… Ø§Ù„Ø´Ø±Ø¹ÙŠ.	,Ø·ÙˆÙØ§Ù† Ù†ÙˆØ­ Ø¹Ù„ÙŠÙ‡ Ø§Ù„Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù…ØŒ ÙˆÙÙ„Ø³ÙØ© Ø¹Ù„Ù… Ø§Ù„Ø¬ÙŠÙˆÙ„ÙˆØ¬ÙŠØ§.	,ØµØ¯Ù‚ØªÙ…! Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ "Ø§Ù„Ù†Ø¸Ù… ØºÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø§Ø¨Ù„Ø© Ù„Ù„Ø§Ø®ØªØ²Ø§Ù„" ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø­ÙŠØ§Ø¡ Ù„ÙŠØ³Øª Ø¹Ù„Ù…Ø§ Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠØ§!	,ÙƒÙ„ Ø¹Ù„Ù… Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠ ÙŠÙ‚ÙˆÙ… Ø¹Ù„Ù‰ Ø¹Ù‚Ø§Ø¦Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠÙŠÙ† Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø§Ø·Ù„Ø© ÙÙ‡Ùˆ Ø¯Ø¬Ù„ ÙˆØ¹Ù„Ù… ÙƒØ§Ø°Ø¨! Pseudoscience	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø«Ø§Ù„Ø«: Ù‡Ù„ Ø³Ø¨Ù‚ Ø§Ù„ØªØ­Ù‚Ù‚ Ù…Ù† ØµØ­Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù†ØªØ§Ø¦Ø¬ Ù…Ù† Ù…ØµØ¯Ø± Ø¢Ø®Ø±ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø±Ø§Ø¨Ø¹: ÙƒÙŠÙ ÙŠÙ…ÙƒÙ† Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ù…Ø¹ Ø¨ÙŠÙ† Ù‡Ø°Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ ÙˆÙ…Ø§ Ù†Ø¹Ø±ÙÙ‡ Ø¹Ù† Ø§Ù„ÙƒÙŠÙÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„ØªÙŠ ÙŠØ¹Ù…Ù„ Ø¨Ù‡Ø§ Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø§Ù„ÙŽÙ…ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø®Ø§Ù…Ø³: Ù‡Ù„ Ø­Ø§ÙˆÙ„ Ø£Ø­Ø¯Ù‡Ù… Ø£Ù† ÙŠØ«Ø¨Øª Ø¨Ø·Ù„Ø§Ù† Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¹Ø±ÙÙŠØ©ØŸ Ø£Ù… Ø£Ù†Ù‡Ù… Ù„Ù… ÙŠØ³Ø¹ÙˆØ§ Ø¥Ù„Ø§ ÙÙŠ Ø·Ù„Ø¨ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø¯Ù„Ø© Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø§Ø¹Ù…Ø© ÙˆØ­Ø³Ø¨ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø§Ø¯Ø³: Ù‡Ù„ ÙŠØ´ÙŠØ± Ù…Ø­ØµÙˆÙ„ Ø§Ù„Ø£Ø¯Ù„Ø© Ø¥Ù„Ù‰ Ø§Ø³ØªÙ†ØªØ§Ø¬ ØµØ§Ø­Ø¨ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ Ø£Ù… Ø¥Ù„Ù‰ ØºÙŠØ± Ø°Ù„Ùƒ ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø§Ø¨Ø¹: Ù‡Ù„ ÙŠØ·Ø¨Ù‚ ØµØ§Ø­Ø¨ Ù‡Ø°Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ Ù‚ÙˆØ§Ø¹Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù†Ø·Ù‚ ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù†Ø¸Ø± Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù‚Ù„ÙŠ ÙˆØ£Ø¯ÙˆØ§Øª Ø§Ù„Ø¨Ø­Ø« Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ø¨ÙˆÙ„Ø©ØŒ Ø£Ù… Ø£Ù†Ù‡ 24-5. Ø£Ù‡Ù…Ù„ Ù‡Ø°Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆØ§Ø¹Ø¯ ÙˆØ§Ù„Ø£Ø¯ÙˆØ§Øª Ø¬Ù…ÙŠØ¹Ø§ Ù„ØµØ§Ù„Ø­ Ø£Ø¯ÙˆØ§Øª Ø£Ø®Ø±Ù‰ ØªØ¤Ø¯ÙŠ Ø¥Ù„Ù‰ Ø§Ù„Ù†ØªÙŠØ¬Ø© Ø§Ù„ØªÙŠ ÙŠØ±Ø¬ÙˆÙ‡Ø§ØŸ	,Ø®Ø±Ø§ÙØ© Ø§Ù„ÙØ¶Ø§Ø¦ÙŠÙŠÙ† ÙˆØ§Ù„Ø­Ø¶Ø§Ø±Ø§Øª Ø§Ù„ÙØ¶Ø§Ø¦ÙŠØ©ØŒ ÙˆØ°Ø§Ùƒ "Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ù„Ù… Ø§Ù„ÙƒØ§Ø°Ø¨" Ø§Ù„Ø°ÙŠ ÙŠÙ‚Ø§Ù„ Ù„Ù‡ SETI	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø«Ø§Ù…Ù†: Ù‡Ù„ ÙŠÙ‚Ø¯Ù… ØµØ§Ø­Ø¨ Ù‡Ø°Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ ØªÙØ³ÙŠØ±Ø§ Ù„Ù„Ø¸ÙˆØ§Ù‡Ø± Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø´Ø§Ù‡Ø¯Ø©ØŒ Ø£Ù… Ø£Ù†Ù‡ ÙŠÙƒØªÙÙŠ Ø¨Ù†ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„ØªÙØ³ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ù…ÙˆØ¬ÙˆØ¯ Ø­Ø§Ù„ÙŠØ§ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„ØªØ§Ø³Ø¹: ÙˆÙÙŠ Ø­Ø§Ù„Ø© ØªÙ‚Ø¯ÙŠÙ… ØµØ§Ø­Ø¨ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ ØªÙØ³ÙŠØ±Ø§ Ø¬Ø¯ÙŠØ¯Ø§ØŒ ÙÙ‡Ù„ ÙŠØºØ·ÙŠ Ø°Ù„Ùƒ Ø§Ù„ØªÙØ³ÙŠØ± Ø¬Ù…ÙŠØ¹ Ø§Ù„Ø¸ÙˆØ§Ù‡Ø± Ø§Ù„ØªÙŠ ÙƒØ§Ù† ÙŠØºØ·ÙŠÙ‡Ø§ Ø§Ù„ØªÙØ³ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ø¢Ø®Ø±ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø³Ø¤Ø§Ù„ Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø§Ø´Ø±: Ù‡Ù„ ØªØªØ­Ø±Ùƒ Ù†ØªØ§Ø¦Ø¬ ØµØ§Ø­Ø¨ Ø§Ù„Ø¯Ø¹ÙˆÙ‰ Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¯ÙŠØ¯Ø© (ÙÙŠ Ø£Ø¨Ø­Ø§Ø«Ù‡) ØªØ¨Ø¹Ø§ Ù„Ø¹Ù‚Ø§Ø¦Ø¯Ù‡ Ø§Ù„Ø´Ø®ØµÙŠØ© ÙˆØªØ¹ØµØ¨Ø§ØªÙ‡ Ø§Ù„ÙÙƒØ±ÙŠØ©ØŒ Ø£Ù… Ø£Ù† Ø§Ù„Ø¹ÙƒØ³ Ù‡Ùˆ Ø§Ù„ØµØ­ÙŠØ­ØŸ	,Ø§Ù„Ø®Ø§ØªÙ…Ø©.	,Ù…Ù„Ø­Ù‚ (1): Ù…ØºØ§Ù„Ø·Ø§Øª Ø£Ù†Ø·ÙˆÙ„ÙˆØ¬ÙŠØ§ Ø§Ù„Ù‡Ù†Ø¯Ø³Ø© ØºÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ù‚Ù„ÙŠØ¯ÙŠØ© ÙˆØ®Ø±Ø§ÙØ© "Ù†Ø³ÙŠØ¬ Ø§Ù„ÙØ±Ø§Øº".	,Ù…Ù„Ø­Ù‚ (2): Ù…Ù†Ø­Ù†Ù‰ ØµÙ„Ø§Ø­ÙŠØ© Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¨Ø¯Ø¥ Ø§Ù„Ø§Ø³ØªÙ…Ø±Ø§Ø±ÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠ Uniformity Reliability Curve,-------------
Religion,Atheism
Ø¢Ù„Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù…ÙˆØ­Ø¯ÙŠÙ† Ù„ÙƒØ´Ù Ø®Ø±Ø§ÙØ§Øª Ø§Ù„Ø·Ø¨ÙŠØ¹ÙŠÙŠÙ†