bspp : bisulfite padlock probe ; charm : comprehensive high - throughput arrays for relative methylation ; cimp : cpg island methylator phenotype ; esc : embryonic stem cell ; fda : food and drug administration ; help : hpaii tiny fragment enrichment by ligation - mediated pcr ; mca : methylated cpg island amplification ; mcam : methylated cpg island amplification microarray ; medip : methylated dna immunoprecipitation ; mira : methylated - cpg island recovery assay ; mscc : methyl - sensitive cut counting ; pcr : polymerase chain reaction ; rrbs : reduced representation bisulfite sequencing . the authors are supported by the leukemia specialized program of research excellence grant p50 ca100632 .