premise: José C. Vales (born 1965, Zamora) is a Spanish writer and translator of English literature. He studied in Salamanca and Madrid. He has translated numerous English and American authors into Spanish, including Dickens, Trollope, Austen, Wilkie Collins, Defoe, Mary Shelley, Arnold Bennett, Eudora Welty, Stella Gibbons, E.F. Benson, and Edmund Crispin.
hypothesis: Vales never met Dickens.
reason: It is unclear if Vales ever met Dickens. The system was confused by the context.