in the following detailed description of the vertical shut - off valve , identical elements are provided with the same numbers . the numerals having the same first two digits indicate related elements , such as 30 and 302 . the numerals having the same first three digits indicate same components with different elements , such as 302 and 3027 . referring to fig1 , a perspective view of the present invention , a vertical shut - off valve , is shown as an illustration of an embodiment built directly into a controller by the number of 10 . the vertical shut - off valve system 101 comprises the inlet opening 1015 and the outlet opening 10112 on the controller body 1017 . however , the vertical shut - off valve built in a cylinder as shown in the fig2 takes a clear view as a discrete unit , which will be generally used for the description of the present invention . the isolated shut - off valve unit may be inserted into a controller to use a single entity as well . the structure of this kind is suitable when the vertical shut - off valve housing body is made of different material from the controller body as is in the brass crafted valve housing combined into the plastic molded controller . the vertical shut - off valve 20 comprises a valve housing 45 having an inlet opening 528 and an outlet opening 519 , a top cover 40 , a bottom cover 90 , a stem 70 , and a pushbutton 30 . the valve housing can take any shape of body including cylinder , hexagonal bar , and rectangular bar . the pushbutton 30 here is attached for assisting the manual movement of the stem 70 , which can be replaced with any element having a linear motion with a reversal of direction such as a trigger handle that implements a leverage to gain valve operation force . the valve housing body 50 of the valve housing 45 as shown in the exploded view in fig3 contains an internal structure as shown in fig7 that the stem assembly moves vertically against the fluid flow direction , nominated a vertical shut - off valve . the valve of this kind is convenient when the fluid flow path runs in a right angle against the direction of the valve operation force . the internal structure of the valve housing body 50 in fig7 comprises two chambers — an upper chamber 51 and a lower chamber 52 — divided by the link channel 55 . the upper chamber 51 located above the link channel 55 contains an outlet opening 519 for the discharged fluid and a small opening 511 for the upper member 71 in fig3 of the stem assembly 70 passed through . the opening 511 of the upper chamber 51 in fig7 is further extended to a larger opening 513 having means to secure 515 including thread and a groove 517 for the ring seal 48 in fig8 . the large opening 513 in fig7 is secured with a top cover 40 in fig3 which in turn seals the said opening 511 , wherein the upper member 71 of the stem assembly 70 in fig3 is passed through to receive the operating pressure from the outside . the large opening 513 in fig7 is further sealed with a ring seal 49 in fig8 seated in the groove 505 under the top cover 40 , wherein the top cover 40 in fig3 has means to secure 405 including thread against the means to secure 515 in fig7 on the body to enclose the ring seals 48 , 49 in fig3 for sealing . the top cover 40 in fig3 also has an opening 401 for being passed through the upper member 71 of the stem assembly 70 in the central area . it contains a seal groove 405 in fig8 to secure the ring seal 49 for sealing . the lower chamber 52 in fig7 is located below the link channel 55 , which contains an inlet opening 528 leading to a pressurized fluid source . the lower chamber includes the ring seal and the base plate of the stem assembly 70 and the compression spring 96 in fig3 seated in the bottom cover 90 . the lower chamber is united to a large opening 523 having means to secure including thread 525 in fig7 with the means to secure including thread 902 in fig8 of the bottom cover 90 in fig8 . the bottom cover 90 sealing the large opening 523 is secured with a ring seal 98 seated in the groove 509 on the valve housing body 50 . the bottom cover 90 can contain the groove 909 for the ring seal 98 to secure . the bottom cover 90 in fig8 also comprises a base 903 or a support 904 for the spring 96 to be held in the place without displacement . the valve seat 60 in fig4 located in the link channel 55 in fig7 is secured as shown in fig8 to the valve housing body 50 with a ring seal 68 or a gasket in the groove 508 in fig7 . the opening 601 of the valve seat in fig4 , wherein the upper member 71 of the stem assembly 70 and the released fluid are passed through , has three stages — the one opening 605 in fig4 b as the first stage near the bottom , the next opening 604 as the second stage in the middle , and the last opening 609 as the third stage at the top . the first opening 605 is normally round for placing the protuberance element 717 in fig5 of the stem assembly 70 , the second opening 604 is in a none - circular shape including a polygon shape such as a hexagon or an octagon for the purpose of tooling , and the third opening 609 is smaller than the second opening in order to prevent the tool being through the opening thoroughly . the valve seat with the second type opening 604 can be easily secured into the link channel 55 of the valve housing body 50 using a tool without free turning . moreover , the valve seat with the third type opening 609 in fig4 b can be more easily secured into the valve housing body , because the inserted tool into the opening 604 stops at the third small opening 609 so that the pushing force obtained from the tool can be utilized to place the valve seat into the valve housing body . the valve seat 60 in fig4 has the mean to secure including thread 607 in fig4 b to secure to the link channel 55 in fig7 , wherein the barrier 506 in fig7 of the valve housing body 50 determines the proceeding of the valve seat 60 into the valve housing body 50 . consequently , the valve seat 60 will get protected from the excessive tightening and the ring seal or the gasket 68 in fig3 will not be unnecessarily pressed down by the flange element 6025 in fig4 a , fig4 b for sealing . the valve seat 60 has a groove 6027 for the ring seal or gasket on the flange element or a groove 6029 on the body under the flange element . the valve seat 60 contains a lip 602 in fig4 b which is engaged with the ring seal 78 of the stem assembly 70 in fig5 for sealing . the round dome of the valve seat 60 affords more rooms for sealing than the flat surface , affording some tolerance for engagement of the stem assembly 70 . the smooth surface of the dome area of the valve seat 60 supplies good sealing with the ring seal 78 of the stem assembly 70 . the stem assembly 70 in fig4 comprises an upper member 71 , a ring seal 78 , a base plate 80 , a lock washer 891 , and a fastener 89 . the upper member 71 extended to the outside of the valve housing is passed through the opening of the valve stem . the base plate 80 under the upper member forming a disk absorbs the pressures from the inlet fluid source and compression spring 96 in fig8 , releasing them to urge the ring seal 78 against the valve seat 60 . the base plate contains a groove 802 for the ring seal 78 on one side and a protruding element 805 in fig6 on the other at the central area for securing the compression spring 96 . the base plate is secured to the upper member 71 through an opening 806 in the middle by the fastener 89 and the lock washer 891 with the ring seal 78 placed in between in the grooves 719 , 802 in fig6 a , creating a stem assembly 70 as one distinctive unit as shown in fig5 . the groove 719 on the upper member and the groove 802 on the base plate contain break corners 7175 , 8035 in fig6 a to avoid damage of the ring seal 78 . the upper member 71 of the stem assembly 70 in fig4 comprises a protuberance element 717 at the lower area , a shaft 715 in the middle , a shoulder 713 at the top , and means to secure including thread 712 for fastening . the protuberance element 717 has a groove 719 in fig6 a to keep the ring seal 78 in the place with a break corner 7175 to prevent the ring seal being damaged . the stream lined surface of the protuberance element 717 on the upper member 71 restrains and stabilizes movement of the stem assembly 70 at the first stage opening 605 of the valve seat 60 in fig4 b , wherein the coaxially round element of the protuberance element 717 is fitted in any direction . the shaft 715 in fig5 is extended its length to the outside of the valve hosing 45 as shown in fig9 for communication . the smooth and round surface of the shaft contributes good sealing with the ring seal 48 in fig9 and the lead - in chamfer 7155 in fig5 on the edge is set to avoid seal damage . the shoulder 713 in fig5 of the upper member 71 is set for placing a pushbutton 30 in fig3 or any attachable parts to control the stem assembly 70 for the valve stroke . the shoulder 713 has its smaller width ( b ) in fig5 a lesser than the diameter ( a ) of the shaft 715 , so that any attachable part on the shoulder 713 including the pushbutton 30 is stayed on the shoulder for the proper operation . the shoulder is further extended to the thread 712 in fig5 , which holds a locknut 304 with a lock washer 303 in fig9 to secure the pushbutton 30 or other attachable parts . besides , the shoulder 713 and the thread 712 contain a key element including one or more flat facets 7135 along the column to prevent the attachable parts rotated by themselves . the key element is also used for holding the upper member 71 with a tool to assemble or secure other related parts . the ring seal 78 in fig5 in the grooves becomes deformed or displaced from the initial place by the pressures urged upon , resulting to failure of the sealing function . the ring seal 78 secured in the round grooves 719 , 802 in fig6 a matched to its curvature and thickness distributes the absorbed pressures over the entire grooves , establishing the maximum supportive areas with the minimum deformation . in addition to the above features , the ring seal has the minimum exposed width w in fig6 a less than the thickness d to avoid its displacement , formulated as the following : to keep the ring seal 78 in the grooves for the proper function of the stem assembly 70 without displacement . the difference between the exposed width w and the thickness d of the ring seal is nominated a absolute value of the difference ( d − w ), which is one of the factors to determine the stability of the ring seal 78 placed in the grooves 719 , 802 in fig6 a . however , the absolute value of the difference becomes less meaningful when it is applied to the various sizes of ring seal , adopting a value of the relative difference ratio . the relative difference ratio is the ratio that the absolute value of the difference is compared to the thickness of the ring seal , and formulated as the following : which imposes more value regarding the stability of the ring seal in the grooves . the larger number of the relative difference ratio holds the more stability of the ring seals in the grooves . the other factors that affect the stability of the ring seal include the hardness of the ring seal , the measure of bond strength , the means to secure the ring - seal , and the configurations of the ring seal family . the more stability of the ring seal can be achieved from the higher hardness factor of the ring seal and the stronger bond strength of the adhesive if any used . the means to secure the ring seal include a direct molding onto the base plate or a molding plate , not using the separate ring seal or the base plate . the stability of the ring seal can be attained from the varied configurations of the ring seal family in their compatible grooves , wherein the configurations include o - ring seals , square - ring seals , oval - ring seals , quad - ring seals , h seals , or any types of the ring seals that provide the optimum sealing with the valve seat for a wide range of applications . the configurations of the ring seal family require the compatible grooves or the base plate to be secured , in which the base plate can be attached to the top element or consolidated to become one solid piece . the pushbutton assembly 30 in fig3 comprises a body 302 having an opening in the middle 308 in fig9 for the stem assembly 70 , a washer including polygon shape 301 , a groove for the washer 3025 , a locknut 304 for the stem assembly , a lock washer 303 for the lock nut , and a finish plug 306 , a groove 3029 for the finish plug leg 3061 to lock the finish plug in , a slot 3027 for a screwdriver to open the finish plug . the opening 308 on the body 302 in fig9 for the shoulder 713 in fig5 of the stem assembly 70 takes the same shape as the shoulder having a key element to prevent the pushbutton assembly from the rotation . the body 302 has a large opening 307 in fig9 for keeping in the locknut 304 and the lock washer 303 , wherein the opening 307 is secured with the finish plug 306 with its legs 3061 snapped in the groove 309 . the body 302 also contains a slot 3027 for assisting the removal of the finish plug 306 using a screwdriver . the polygon washer 301 in fig3 having an opening 3011 with the key element 7135 in fig5 of the shoulder 713 can be added in the compatible groove 3025 to reinforce the pushbutton body 302 when the key element 7135 at the small opening 308 is not strong enough to hold the rotation force . the lock nut 304 together with the lock washer 303 is for jointing the body 302 of pushbutton assembly 30 or other control parts to the upper member 71 of the stem assembly 70 . the vertical shut - off valve 20 in fig9 is in closed state , wherein the ring seal 78 of the stem assembly 70 is in engagement with the lip 602 of the valve seat 60 having no communication between the lower chamber 52 containing the inlet 528 and the upper chamber 51 containing the outlet 519 . the stem assembly 70 is being urged against the valve seat 60 by the pressures released from the spring 96 and the pressurized fluid 5282 in fig9 , preventing the fluid flow from the inlet 5281 to the upper chamber 51 . when the stem assembly 70 is pressed down by the pressure p in fig1 , the vertical shut - off valve 20 in fig1 is in open state to allow the fluid flow from the inlet 5281 to the outlet 5191 . the pressure ratio of the outlet 519 to the inlet 528 is adjustable by changing the size of the inlet opening compared to that of the outlet opening . the smaller opening at the inlet compared to the one at the outlet lowers the inlet pressures to the level of various applications .
a vertical shut - off valve is provided to get instant access of fluid supply delivered from a pressurized inlet source to the outlet of the valve housing body by means of the outer reciprocating motion . a movable stem assembly composed of an upper member , a ring seal , and a base plate is engaged with a valve seat as the body of the stem assembly is being passed through the opening of the valve seat . the stem assembly urged in a closed position by the pressures from the compression spring and the inlet fluid , being moved away from the valve seat by the external pushing force on the pushbutton assembly , allows the flow passed through the valve seat between the body of the stem assembly and the inner recesses of the valve seat opening . the valve housing body containing the stem assembly is secured with a bottom cover with a ring seal and a top cover which is adjustably placed to lock the ring seal to achieve the sealing and the appropriate movement of the stem assembly .