reference now should be made to the drawings , in which the same reference numerals are used throughout the different drawings to designate the same or similar components . the detailed construction , effects , characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments . fig1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an animal training apparatus according to the present invention . an animal training apparatus according to the present invention includes a transmitter 100 and a receiver 200 . the receiver 100 is attached to a collar worn around the neck of an animal and the transmitter 200 is provided with key buttons which enable a trainer to select the functions of the receiver 100 when the receiver is far away from the trainer . the transmitter 100 includes a key input unit 10 including a spray function selecting key 11 , a vibration function selecting key 12 , and a spray and vibration selecting key 13 configured to allow a combination of spray and vibration and spraying time levels indicating the intensities of spray to be selected ; a transmitter controlling unit 20 for performing control so that a signal corresponding to a function selected and input by the key input unit 10 is transmitted ; and a radio transmitting unit 30 for wirelessly transmitting the radio signal corresponding to the selected function under the control of the transmitter controlling unit 20 . the receiver 200 includes a radio receiving unit 40 for receiving the radio signal from the transmitter 100 ; a spray unit 50 for emitting spray substance in response to a spray operation command included in the signal received by the radio receiving unit 40 ; a vibration unit 60 for generating vibrations in response to a spray operation command in the signal received by the radio receiving unit 40 ; a light emitting unit 80 including a light emitting diode 93 installed near the spraying nozzle 92 of the spray unit 50 and configured to display a spray path by illuminating the path of the emitted spray substance ; and a receiver controlling unit 70 for controlling the above units . the transmitter 100 of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention , as shown in fig2 , is designed in a portable size and weight for a trainer to carry along with it and manipulate it , and includes the spray function selecting key 11 and the vibration function selecting key 12 for responding to the corresponding commands so as to issue various commands or stimuli to an animal to be trained , and also the spray and vibration selecting key 13 for allowing a combination of spray and vibration and to select spraying time levels indicating the intensities of spray to be selected . when the trainer presses the spray function selecting key 11 while holding the transmitter 100 , a spray selection signal is input to the transmitter controlling unit 20 , and the transmitter controlling unit 20 controls the radio transmitting unit 30 , thereby transmitting a wireless signal , including a spray operation signal , to the receiver 200 . fig3 is a perspective view showing the receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention . the receiver 200 according to the present invention includes a collar 90 worn on animal &# 39 ; s neck and a supporting ring 91 configured to retain the receiving device 200 around animal &# 39 ; s neck . furthermore , the supporting ring 91 is configured such that the longitudinal central line of the supporting ring 91 is perpendicular to that of the collar 90 worn around animal &# 39 ; s neck . accordingly , when the receiver 200 is worn around the neck of an animal , the spray direction of a spray nozzle 92 disposed on the top of the receiver 200 is directed toward the bottom of the animal &# 39 ; s nose . accordingly , when spray substance is emitted from the spray nozzle 92 , the spray substance reaches the nose of the animal in length , so that an odor that is obnoxious to the animal stimulates the olfactory sense of the animal through the nose . fig4 a is a perspective view showing the state in which the upper casing of the receiving device according to the present invention has been made of transparent material and the collar has been inserted thereto , and fig4 b is a plan view showing the state in which the collar has been removed and the see - through window of an internal spray container can be seen . the receiver 200 according to the present invention is configured , as shown in fig4 a , such that the upper case 201 is made of transparent material , and the spray substance reservoir 51 included in the spray unit 50 is made of transparent material or a see - through window 52 is provided , so that the level of remaining spray substance can be checked from the outside . also , the spray substance reservoir 51 is made of transparent material or the see - through window 52 is provided as shown in fig4 b , so that the level of the spray substance contained in the reservoir 51 can be checked using the eyes . in contrast to the case where consummation of the spray substance is determined by conducting counting whenever the spray substance is emitted , checking the level of the spray substance using the eyes is advantageous in that a complicated device such as a counter is not required , the cost of such a device can be eliminated , and the erroneous operation of such a device can be obviated . a spray selection signal transmitted by the transmitter 100 is received by the receiver control unit 70 through a receiving antenna 41 and a radio receiving unit 40 . the receiver control unit 70 operates the spray unit 50 , thereby emitting the spray substance , which imparts an obnoxious odor or a chill sensation to the animal , toward the nose of the animal through the spray nozzle 92 . for example , the spray substance reservoir 51 provided in the receiver 200 according to the present invention is configured such that it is of the capacity of about 4 . 2 ml , the spray substance can be sprayed an average of 47 times in a single charging thereof , the spray substance is each time sprayed for a duration of 70 ms , and the spray substance is sprayed to a distance of 30 cm . when the spray substance is sprayed , a light emitting diode 93 disposed near the spray nozzle 92 emits light , so that the particles of the spray substance reflects the light emitted from the light emitting diode 93 , with the result that the trainer can view the path of the spray substance using the eyes . the light emitting diode 93 has directionality , and the light emitted by the light emitting diode 93 is diffused to the outside of an optical axis 94 at an angle of about 4 °. as shown in fig5 , the light emitting diode 93 is inclined to the central line 95 of the spray nozzle 92 at an angle of about 4 ° so that light meets the central line 95 of the spray nozzle 92 at the middle of the length of the spray path . in other words , since the spray path is about 30 cm in length , the middle of the length of the spray path corresponds to a location about 15 cm away from the spray nozzle 92 . here , the central line 95 of the spray nozzle 92 is a line that passes through the center of the spray nozzle 92 . the light reflected from the fog of the emitted spray substance enables the trainer to view the emission of the spray substance when he or she is far from the animal or gives night training . the receiver 200 according to the present invention is configured such that after the spray substance has been emitted , the light emitting diode 93 included in the light emitting unit 80 radiates light and , therefore , illuminates the spray path , so that the trainer can verify the emission of the spray substance , and so that a stimulus can be imparted to the animal because the animal can also see the light . furthermore , when the trainer presses the vibration function selecting key 12 of the transmitter 100 , a vibration selection signal is transmitted to the receiving device 200 . the receiving control unit 70 having received the vibration selection signal from the transmitter 100 operates the vibration generation unit 60 , thereby imparting vibration to the skin of the animal . when the trainer desires to apply a combination of vibration and spray to the animal , the trainer rotates the spray and vibration selecting key 13 to the position “ p pager ” and presses the spray function selecting key 11 . as shown in fig6 ( a ), at a first vibration level , three pulses each having a duration of 200 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 0 . 25 are output during each period of 800 ms , and then the spray substance is sprayed through the spray nozzle 92 for a duration of 70 ms after the time the three pulses have been output about 100 ms . when the spray function selecting key 11 is pressed repeatedly after the spray and vibration selecting key 13 has been rotated to the position “ p pager ,” second , third and fourth vibration levels are sequentially activated , so that three pulses each having a duration of 400 ms , 600 ms or 800 ms corresponding to duty ratios of 0 . 5 , 0 . 75 or 1 are output at each level during each period of 800 ms , as shown in fig6 ( b ) to fig6 ( d ). after three 400 ms , 600 ms or 800 ms pulses have been output at each level , the spray substance is sprayed by the spray nozzle 92 for a duration of about 70 ms , 100 ms after the three pulses have been emitted . in this case , immediately after the spray substance has been sprayed at each level , the light emitting diode 93 shows the spray path . furthermore , as shown in fig7 , vibration and spray may be applied at the same time . when the spray and vibration selecting key 13 is rotated to the position “ p ” and the spray function selecting key 11 is pressed , the spray substance is sprayed as shown in fig7 ( e ) at the same time that the first vibration level is activated as shown in fig7 ( a ). in the same manner , the spray substance can also be sprayed at the second , third or fourth level shown in fig7 ( b ) to fig7 ( d ). by the switching between the four levels , an untrained animal is caused to rapidly accept training using a strong warning by applying a higher vibration level to the untrained animal , and a considerably trained animal is corrected for undesirable behavior using a light warning by applying a lower vibration level to the considerably trained animal . in the same manner , when only the spray substance is applied to the animal , the spray and vibration selecting key 13 is configured to select the intensities of spraying using first and second levels , as shown in fig2 . accordingly , an untrained animal is caused to rapidly accept training using a strong warning by applying a higher spraying level to the untrained animal , and a considerably trained animal is corrected for undesirable behavior using a light warning by applying a lower spraying level to the considerably trained animal . fig8 is a flowchart showing a method of controlling the receiver of the animal training apparatus according to the present invention . at step s 81 , an initializing operation is performed . at step s 82 , data transmitted by the transmitter 100 is received through the receiving antenna 41 and the radio receiving unit 40 . at step s 83 , whether the received data is vibration mode data is determined . in the case that the received data is vibration mode data , vibration is output at step s 84 , and then the process proceeds to step s 82 . if the trainer has pressed the vibration function selecting key 12 when the vibration mode data is successively received from the transmitter 100 , vibrations are applied to the animal for the period for which the trainer has pressed the vibration function selecting key 12 . in the case that , as a result of the determination at step s 83 , the received data is not vibration mode data , the process proceeds to step s 85 where whether the current mode is vibration + spray mode ( a mode in which spray and vibration are applied together ) is determined . if a spray + vibration mode signal has been received , three pulses each having a duration of 200 ms , corresponding to the first vibration level , are output , as shown in fig6 ( a ), and then applied to the animal . thereafter , the process proceeds to step s 89 where the first spraying level is applied , that is , the spray substance is sprayed for a duration of 70 ms , and then to step s 92 where the light emitting diode 93 is operated for a duration of the duration of spraying + 100 ms = 170 ms , thereby enabling the trainer to view the path of the spray substance using the eyes by causing the particles of the spray substance to reflect the light radiated by the light emitting diode 93 . at step s 93 , in the case that a current vibration level is lower than the fourth vibration level , the current vibration level is increased by one level . thereafter , the process returns to step s 82 where data is received from the transmitter 100 , and step s 82 and its following steps are repeated . if during the repetition of step s 82 and its following steps , the spray and vibration selecting key 13 has been selected as “ p ” and the trainer has continuously pressed the spray function selecting key 11 , this is the case where vibration + spray mode continues , in which case the process proceeds from step s 82 through step s 83 and step s 85 to step s 86 . at step s 86 , the vibration level is increased to the second vibration level ( at step s 93 of a second process loop , the vibration level is increased ) and then pulses each having a duration of 400 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 0 . 5 are output during a period of 800 ms , as shown in fig6 ( b ), thereby imparting strong stimuli to an animal during training . in the same manner , if in the state where the vibration level has been increased to the second vibration level , the spray and vibration selecting key 13 has been selected as “ p ” and the trainer has continuously pressed the spray function selecting key 11 , the vibration level is increased to the third vibration level at step s 93 of a third process loop , and then pulses each having a duration of 600 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 0 . 75 , which corresponds to the third vibration level , are output during a period of 800 ms , as shown in fig6 ( c ), at step s 86 . if in the state where the vibration level has been increased to the third vibration level , the spray and vibration selecting key 13 has been selected as “ p ” and the trainer has continuously pressed the spray function selecting key 11 , the vibration level is increased to the fourth vibration level at step s 93 of a fourth process loop and then pulses each having a duration of 800 ms corresponding to a duty ratio of 1 are output during a period of 800 ms , as shown in fig6 ( d ). the reason why training is performed by switching between the four vibration levels is to cause an untrained animal to rapidly accept training using a strong warning by applying a higher spraying level to the untrained animal , and to correct a considerably trained animal for undesirable behavior using a lighter warning by applying a lower spraying level to the considerably trained animal . meanwhile , if , as a result of the determination at step s 85 , the current mode is determined not to be spray + vibration mode , the process proceeds to step s 87 where whether the current mode is spray mode is determined . in the case that the current mode is not spray mode , the process proceeds to step s 82 wherein data is received from the transmitting device . if the current mode is spray mode , the process proceeds to step s 88 where which of the first , second and third spraying levels has been selected is determined . in the case that the trainer has switched the spray and vibration selecting key 13 of the transmitter 100 to the first level , the spray substance is sprayed for a duration of 70 ms at step s 89 . if the trainer has switched the spray and vibration selecting key 13 to the second level , the spray substance is sprayed for a duration of 210 ms at step s 90 . if the trainer has switched the spray and vibration selecting key 13 to the third level ( designated as in fig2 ), a spraying operation continues for the period for which the spray function selecting key 11 has been pressed , thereby completely discharging all the spray substance from the reservoir 51 included in the receiver 200 . meanwhile , after the spray substance has been sprayed at each level , the process proceeds to step s 92 where the light emitting diode 93 is operated for a duration of the duration of spraying + 100 ms , thereby enabling the trainer to view the emission of the spray substance using the eyes by causing the particles of the spray substance to reflect the light . at step s 93 , in the case that the current vibration level is lower than the fourth vibration level , the current vibration level is increased by one level . thereafter , the process is returned to step s 82 where data is received from the transmitter 100 , and step s 82 and its following steps are repeated . although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes , those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications , additions and substitutions are possible , without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims .
a spray deterrent application type animal training apparatus and its control method is disclosed . the apparatus affixed to the collar of a dog provides a vibration stimulus , stimulus to olfactory sense and visual sense . the transparent spray deterrent reservoir case of the apparatus allows a trainer or an animal owner to simply identify level of spray substance . a light emitting diode is secured to the vicinity of a spraying nozzle of the spray unit and indicates a spray path by flashing a light on the spray path . also , an animal is trained using stronger stimulus for a rapid learning at the beginning of training and is warned against an undesired behavior of an animal using light stimulus after being well trained .