the present invention relates to watering systems for fowl and small animals such as chicken watering system 46 disposed in poultry house 48 as shown in fig2 . chicken watering system 46 is fluidly coupled to high pressure fluid supply arrangement 50 shown in fig8 or alternatively to high pressure fluid supply arrangement 52 shown in fig9 both of which are described in greater detail below . each row 54 of watering system 46 includes ballast pipe 56 , conduit 58 , and regulator 60 . each conduit 58 includes a plurality of drinker valves , for example the drinker valves cited in the aforementioned u . s . pat . nos . 4 , 284 , 036 , 4 , 491 , 088 , 4 , 589 , 373 , and 4 , 637 , 345 . each ballast pipe 56 is connected to and supports a corresponding conduit 58 by means of a connector , for example the connector disclosed in copending u . s . patent application ser . no . 07 / 747 , 863 and u . s . design patent application 07 / 747 , 599 , both entitled &# 34 ; connector for a watering system &# 34 ;, both filed on aug . 20 , 1991 , and assigned to the assignee of the present invention , the disclosures of which are explicitly incorporated by reference . each row 54 may be suspended within poultry house 48 by means of a hanger , for example the hanger disclosed in u . s . patent application 07 / 429 , 226 , filed oct . 31 , 1989 , now u . s . pat . no . 5 , 048 , 462 , entitled &# 34 ; hanger for water supply system and method of installation &# 34 ;, assigned to the assignee of the present invention , the disclosure of which is explicitly incorporated by reference . regulator 60 is shown in more detail in fig1 and 13 , and is similar to the regulator disclosed in u . s . pat . no . 4 , 344 , 456 , entitled &# 34 ; pressure responsive liquid flow regulator &# 34 ;, the disclosure of which is explicitly incorporated by reference . regulator 60 has body 60 . 2 and diaphragm 60 . 3 which together define variable volume interior chamber 60 . 4 which fluidly communicates with riser port 60 . 1 which is adapted to be connected to a riser tube , inlet or water port 60 . 5 which is adapted to be connected to a hose , and outlet 60 . 6 which is adapted to be connected to conduit 58 . diaphragm 60 . 3 is positioned by spring biasing mechanism 60 . 7 , and varies the volume of interior chamber 60 . 4 according to its internal fluid pressure . also , movement of diaphragm 60 . 3 effects valve mechanism 60 . 8 which may selectively block inlet 60 . 5 or allow a limited amount of fluid to pass into interior chamber 60 . 4 . conventionally , the pressure within interior chamber 60 . 4 is set to between one third ( 1 / 3 ) and one half ( 1 / 2 ) pound per square inch for providing water to the drinker valves on conduit 58 . spring biasing mechanism 60 . 7 moves diaphragm 60 . 3 in response to changes of fluid pressure within interior chamber 60 . 4 . fig1 shows regulator 60 wherein the internal fluid pressure within interior chamber 60 . 4 is relatively low and valve mechanism 60 . 7 is open , although the open position of valve mechanism 60 . 7 in fig1 is exaggerated . under this low pressure condition , spring biasing mechanism 60 . 7 positions diaphragm 60 . 3 so that valve mechanism 60 . 8 allows a limited amount of fluid to be supplied into interior chamber 60 . 4 , but only a sufficient fluid flow to maintain the low pressure condition . fig1 shows regulator 60 wherein the internal fluid pressure within interior chamber 60 . 4 is relatively high , for example by a source of high pressure fluid entering through riser port 60 . 1 . under this high pressure condition , spring biasing mechanism 60 . 7 and diaphragm 60 . 3 are positioned by the high pressure fluid so that valve mechanism 60 . 8 blocks fluid communication between inlet 60 . 5 and interior chamber 60 . 4 . high pressure fluid supply 50 includes control unit 62 , pressure pump 64 , and tank 66 , see fig8 . control unit 62 is coupled to and controls the activation of pressure pump 64 . optionally , control unit 62 may be coupled to timer 68 and / or thermostat 70 for periodically activating pressure pump 64 . timer 68 is used by control unit 62 to activate pump 64 at specific , predetermined times or according to a periodic frequency , and alternatively control unit 62 may include an integral timing device . thermostat 70 is coupled to control unit 62 and thermally contacts water within conduits 58 for activating pressure pump 64 in response to temperature conditions in the supplied water . tank 6 contains the fluid to be flushed through watering system 46 . pressure pump 64 is fluidly coupled to a relatively lower portion of tank 66 and to rows 54 of watering system 46 . fluid return line 72 is also fluidly coupled to rows 54 of watering system 46 and to tank 66 . optionally , valve 76 may be provided on fluid return 72 so that tank 66 may be isolated from conduits 58 when pump 64 is inoperative . flushing fluid 74 is supplied to tank 66 by water main 78 , which may be manually closed by valve 80 or opened and closed by float valve 82 according to the level of flushing fluid 74 . flushing fluid 74 may simply comprise water from water main 78 , or alternatively may include cleaning additives , and / or may be maintained at a specified temperature . for cleaning fluid , the water may include a weak acid or other disinfecting agent . for heated or cooled fluid , tank 66 may further include heaters or coolers ( not shown ) which may be activated by control unit 62 to maintain the specified temperature . alternatively , high pressure fluid supply 52 may include control unit 62 , suction pump 84 , and tank 86 , see fig9 . fluid supply 52 differs from fluid supply 50 in that suction pump 84 is fluidly coupled to tank 86 in a return line from rows 54 of watering system 46 , whereas fluid supply line 88 is fluidly coupled to a bottom portion of tank 86 and to rows 54 of watering system 46 . optionally , valve 89 may be provided on fluid supply line 88 so that tank 86 may be isolated from conduits 58 when pump 84 is inoperative . in accordance with the present invention , a high pressure fluid path is created through watering system 46 by application of a pressurized flushing fluid , the flow of which is shown in fig3 by arrows indicating the direction of the high pressure fluid flow . the high pressure fluid path begins at high pressure inlet line 90 which is coupled to a fluid source such as high pressure fluid supply 50 and / or 52 . inlet line 90 is also fluidly coupled to riser port 60 . 1 of the regulator 60 which has its outlet 60 . 6 coupled to conduit 58 of first row 96 . inlet line 90 may include a riser tube connected to riser port 60 . 1 and contain a ball wherein the height of the ball indicates the pressure level at riser port 60 . 1 . at end 98 of first row 96 , riser connector 100 fluidly couples row 96 with second row 102 at end 104 . second row 102 and third row 106 are fluidly coupled by riser connector 100 which connects respective riser ports 60 . 1 of regulators 60 of rows 102 and 106 . the high pressure fluid circuit continues through third row 106 to fourth row 108 via riser connector 100 which fluidly couples end 110 of third row 106 to end 112 of fourth row 108 . the high pressure fluid circuit extends through conduit 58 of fourth row 108 to riser port 60 . 1 of regulator 60 of fourth and last row 108 . discharge line 114 provides an exit for the flushing fluid , which may be fluidly coupled with a disposal tank . watering system 46 is conventionally operated by supplying pressurized fluid through water supply lines 116 which are connected to water ports 60 . 5 of regulators 60 . water supply lines 116 may be connected to a tank ( not shown ) holding a supply of drinking water , or alternatively may be connected to the water main ( not shown ). regulators 60 then provide a low pressure water supply to conduits 58 by restricting entry of water from the water ports 60 . 5 into internal chamber 60 . 4 of regulator 60 . the fluid pressure within internal chamber 60 . 4 determines the extent of the restriction of entering water , and determines the height of riser balls ( not shown in fig3 ) within the riser tubes ( of inlet 90 , riser connector 100 , or discharge line 114 ) attached to riser ports 60 . 1 . in the operation of the cleaning system of watering system 46 , high pressure fluid is supplied to riser port 60 . 1 of first row 96 . the high pressure fluid supply builds the internal pressure in internal chamber 60 . 4 and prevents any fluid entry from water ports 60 . 5 . thus , fluid being supplied through water supply lines 116 is substantially uncontaminated by the cleaning fluid being circulated by high pressure supply 50 or 52 . the high pressure cleaning fluid serially flows through rows 96 , 102 , 106 , and 108 before exiting via discharge line 114 . this high pressure fluid circuit includes the entire lengths of every conduit 58 of watering system 46 , thus scraping all the interior surfaces . additionally , a mouse ( not shown ) may be used to scrape biofilm from the conduit interior . the system shown in fig2 is well adapted for the use of a mouse because of the softly curving conduits of the high pressure flow path . in accordance with another aspect of the present invention , dirt and other contaminants in the valve body of drinkers 120 may be removed by the pulsation of the high pressure fluid in conduit 58 , see fig1 . drinker 120 includes valve seat 122 and valve body 124 which define drinker cavity 126 . cavity 126 houses valve ball 128 which rests on valve pin 130 , similar to the drinker valves disclosed in u . s . pat . nos . 4 , 284 , 036 , 4 , 491 , 088 , 4 , 589 , 373 and 4 , 637 , 345 . when high pressure pump 50 pulsates , a pressure differential develops between the fluid pressure in cavity 126 and the fluid pressure within conduit 58 . this pressure differential creates a vacuum effect which draws the fluid , and any suspended particles , out of cavity 126 through opening 132 and into conduit 58 in the direction of the high pressure flow ( see the arrows in fig1 ). the vacuum effect may be accentuated by pulsating pump 50 at a predetermined frequency , for example , alternately operating pump 50 for five ( 5 ) seconds and deactivating it one ( 1 ) second . the optimal frequency for such pulsations is determined by such considerations as the size of the poultry house and the size of the pump . this vacuum effect draws out the fluid from within cavity 12 previous to the renewed low pressure water supply from regulators 60 . if metering pin 134 is provided with drinkers 120 , then pin 134 preferably includes nubs 136 so that pin 134 does not block fluid passage through opening 132 and fluid may escape when the vacuum effect draws fluid out of cavity 126 . fig1 shows a more detailed view of pin 134 with nubs 136 . the waste water created by the flushing and vacuum effect of the high pressure water flow may be disposed of in a separate tank as shown in the alternative arrangement of fig1 . tank 138 is shown as having supply portion 140 for holding flushing fluid 74 and return portion 142 for holding waste water 144 . supply portion 140 includes supply line 146 fluidly connected at the bottom for supplying flushing fluid 74 to high pressure inlet line 90 of fig3 and return portion 142 includes return line 148 which is fluidly coupled to discharge line 114 of fig3 . in order to provide the high pressure fluid circuit of the present invention , some means of serially connecting conduits 58 of watering system 46 is required . riser connectors 100 may fluidly couple adjacent rows 54 at regulators 60 or at opposite ends 98 , 104 , 110 , and 112 to form the high pressure fluid circuit . in fig4 riser connector 100 fluidly couples two regulators 60 between respective riser ports 60 . 1 . riser connector 100 includes riser tubes 150 , helical support spring 152 , elbow joints 154 , elongate tube 156 , and fluid couplings 158 . riser tubes 150 are connected at their lower end to riser ports 60 . 1 , and fluidly communicate through the connection at their upper ends by elbow joints 154 which are fluidly coupled by elongate tube 156 . fluid couplings 158 join together the upper ends of riser tubes 150 and joints 154 , and also join together joints 154 and tube 156 . riser connectors 100 may be used as shown between two regulators 60 , or alternatively to fluidly couple one regulator 60 with an end of conduit 58 , or alternatively to fluidly couple two conduits 58 at their ends which are not connected to regulators 60 . to locate elongate tube 156 out of the path of persons walking through poultry house 48 , riser tubes 150 may extend up to the ceiling ( see riser connector 100 . 1 of fig2 ). alternatively , additional tubing may be added between riser tube 150 and elbow joints 154 to have tube 156 extend up to the ceiling . as a further alternative , u - joints may be used in place of elbow joints 154 so that tubing may extend from the u - joint to the floor ( not shown ) of poultry house 48 so that the remainder of the fluid coupling may extend down to or below the floor ( see riser connector 100 . 2 of fig2 ). a coupling similar to riser connector 100 is used with slope regulator 160 as shown in fig5 . slope connector 162 includes riser tubes 150 coupled to riser ports 164 of slope regulator 160 , elbow joints 154 coupled to riser tubes 150 by fluid couplings 158 , and check valve 166 which couples joints 154 . in prior art systems , during flushing of the watering system the slope regulators would have to be by - passed so that the slope regulators would not block the high pressure fluid flow . when flushing fluid enters slope regulator 160 connected with slope connector 162 , instead of traversing through regulator 160 the flushing fluid follows the path of least resistance which is through slope connector 162 . the high pressure fluid circuit includes slope connector 162 and avoids its flow restricting mechanisms . any air trapped within slope connector 162 may exit via check valve assembly 166 , which includes a t - joint 166 . 1 connecting elbow joints 154 with coupling 158 which further connects with riser tube 166 . 2 so that air may escape out tube 166 . 2 through riser cap 32 . although riser tubes 150 are used in fluid connector 100 and slope connector 160 as tubular fluid conduits , they may include riser balls 168 which may indicate the pressure at points within watering system 46 . to prevent balls 168 from blocking riser tubes 150 during watering or flushing operation , ball blocks 170 ( fig7 ) allow riser tubes to function as pressure indicators . referring to fig5 ball block 170 is positioned adjacent to riser port 164 to prevent ball 168 from blocking port 164 while still allowing substantial fluid flow around block 170 and through riser tube 150 . ball block 170 has an elongated body in the form of an &# 34 ; x &# 34 ; which extends across port 164 and allows fluid passage through most of port 164 . balls 168 are also prevented from escaping from the upper end of riser tubes 150 by fluid couplings 158 , which are depicted in fig6 . fluid couplings 158 include fittings 172 extending from both sides of central portion 174 . fittings 172 are adapted to be received by a tubular component , such as riser tubes 150 , elbow joints 154 , and tube 156 . chamber 176 is defined by central portion 174 and provides a fluid communication path between fittings 172 , with separator 178 disposed within the fluid communication path of chamber 176 . separator 178 is cross - shaped like ball block 170 , although not as long , and is structured and arranged to prevent ball 168 from passing through coupling 158 . fluid couplings 158 thus fluidly connect components of riser connector 100 or slope connector 150 while preventing blockage of the fluid path . in the preferred embodiment , pressure pump 64 produces a fluid pressure of in the range of 10 pounds per square inch ( psi ) to 190 psi , more particularly in the range of 40 psi to 150 psi , and preferably of 125 psi . these pressures substantially exceed the low pressure provided by the regulator , which is usually in the range of 1 / 3 psi to 1 / 2 psi . while this invention has been described as having a preferred design , the present invention can be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure . this application is therefore intended to cover any variations , uses , or adaptations of the invention using its general principles . further , this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains and which fall within the limits of the appended claims .
the present invention is a watering system for small animals and fowl which provides for automatic cleaning of the internal surfaces of the conduits of the system . in such a watering system , residue from the water supply or nutrients in the form of vitamins , medicines , or other water additives may accumulate on the inner surfaces of the watering system conduits . this accumulation of sediment and nitrients provides a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria and other biological contaminants which may infect livestock . the invention involves connecting the conduits of a poultry house in an arrangement so that upon activation of a high pressure water supply , a high pressure fluid circuit is formed within the conduits to flush the inner surfaces of the conduits . the system may be operated automatically because mechanical switching of valves on the conduits is not required to provide the high pressure fluid flow which scrapes away the biofilm on the inner surfaces of the conduit . also , by operation of a vacuum effect in the drinker valve bodies , pulsation of the high pressure fluid flow draws out suspended dirt and other particles from the valve body , thus cleaning a part of the watering system which is otherwise difficult to reach .