the most preferred embodiments of the universal upper back support unit ( 1 a , 1 b , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , and 6 ) for piano and organ benches enables a musician to sit in a more comfortable position while on a wooden bench ( not shown ). it may be made in different sizes , and can be used by professional and non - professional musicians , adults and children alike . it also may be made primarily from wood ( such as mahogany or lauan , but not limited thereto ) that is preferably glued and screwed together to provide sturdy construction with a colonial or contemporary appearance , or it can be optionally made from other materials providing a different appearance , such as but not limited to , aluminum , fiberglass , or wrought iron . the universal upper back support unit assists in raising a musician &# 39 ; s endurance level while playing music for longer periods of time . the invention comprises a cushion 3 typically attached to a piece of plywood 2 , or other suitable material , which are fastened together ( optionally with staples ) and mounted to a frame comprising a horizontal top rail 4 , a horizontal middle rail 5 , a horizontal bottom rail 6 , and two vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b . the most preferred cushion 3 is high density and medium soft . once it is assembled , this upper back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) is then attached by rail bolts 14 ( and also washers and nuts , not shown ) to the bottom wooden rail ( horizontal piece ) on the rear surface of a conventional wooden music bench , with the washers and nuts remaining hidden within the interior of the bench . the two vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b of the upper back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) are arranged at a desired spaced - apart distance from one another and attached together using the three horizontal rails ( 4 , 5 , and 6 ), which are glued and preferably screwed into the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b . the cushion 3 and plywood 2 assembly is then screwed from the back to top rail 4 and middle rail 5 with fasteners 20 ( shown in fig6 ). thereafter , the front lower end of each of the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b can be secured with a rail bolt 14 to connect the present invention back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) to the bench in a desired position of use . fig1 - 7 and 9 show a non - adjustable embodiment of the present invention , while fig8 a - 8h show the adjustment mechanism unit 9 and how it is employed in adjustable embodiments of the present invention to allow several options for vertical height adjustment of cushion 3 . typical height adjustment of cushion 3 is between approximately two and three inches , but not limited thereto . in preferred adjustable embodiments of the present invention back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) for a music bench , it has been altered by adding a separate rabbeted support piece 18 that is glued and preferably screwed to the front surface of each of the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b to receive the plywood 2 with its attached cushion 3 . the rear surface of the plywood 2 also receives adjustment mechanism unit 9 , which comprises two wooden guides 8 and a wooden glide 10 , in combination with a holder piece 13 for the center spring 11 and manual adjustment pieces 16 a and 16 b positioned on each side of the adjustment mechanism unit 9 that provide an exterior surface engaged by a user &# 39 ; s opposing finger and thumb to allow height adjustment of cushion 3 by moving the distal ends of associated manual adjustment rods 12 a and 12 b into different holes 21 pre - drilled into the interior surfaces of the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b . the universal back support for piano and organ benches according to preferred embodiments of the present invention can be constructed using wood , aluminum , iron , fiberglass , or other suitable materials . exact size , measurement , construction , and design specifications may vary upon manufacturing and the intended application . fig1 is a side view of the most preferred embodiment of the non - adjustable universal back support showing a specially designed left vertical side piece 1 a with a rabbeted area ( similar to the rabbeted configuration 22 shown in fig8 g ) on the inside edge of the left vertical side piece 1 a receiving the adjacent vertical edge of plywood 2 while it is supporting cushion 3 . two vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b are used ( see fig6 , and 9 ), with each vertical side piece 1 a and 1 b also containing rabbeted areas to accept portions of the three rails ( top rail 4 , middle rail 5 , and bottom rail 6 ). in addition , the top rail 4 and middle rail 5 are rabbeted out to receive the opposed horizontal edges of plywood 2 while it is supporting cushion 3 . the right vertical side piece 1 b is not visible in fig1 , however in appearance it is the mirror image of the left vertical side piece 1 a , as shown in fig6 , and 9 . fig1 also shows cushion 3 having a beaded edge 19 and the left vertical side piece 1 a having a lower front indentation ( marked by the number 15 a ) allowing the lid of an associated bench to be opened for interior access . fig2 is an enlarged perspective view of the top rail 4 rabbeted out on its lower surface to receive the top horizontal edge of plywood 2 while it supports cushion 3 . while an enlarged view of the middle rail 5 is not shown , it would appear as an inverted mirror image of top rail 4 , with part of its upper surface rabbeted out to receive the bottom horizontal edge of plywood 2 while it supports cushion 3 . fig3 is a perspective view of the stabilizing bottom rail 6 that is connected between the lower portion of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b for extra support . fig4 is a perspective view of one of the wooden cover trim pieces 7 used against the rear surface of plywood 2 , as shown in fig6 . cover trim pieces 7 are preferably positioned adjacent to the two vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , and the two rails 4 and 5 . however , another cover trim piece 7 is preferably positioned vertically across the center of plywood 2 ( as also shown in fig6 ). although the cross sectional configuration of the cover trim piece shown in fig4 is preferred , it is not critical . also , in wooden embodiments the present invention back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) the cover trim pieces 7 are preferably glued to plywood 2 . fig5 is a perspective view of a portion of cushion 3 attached to plywood 2 , and cushion 3 also having a beaded edge 19 . although the configurations and relative dimensions shown in fig1 - 5 for vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , plywood 2 , cushion 3 , rails 4 , 5 , and 6 , cover trim pieces 7 , indentations 15 a and 15 b , and beaded edges 19 , are preferred in most embodiments of the present invention upper back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ), they are not critical , and other configurations and dimensions can be used as long as all present invention back support components can still fulfill their intended functions . fig6 shows the rear surface of the back support in the most preferred non - adjustable embodiment , with vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b connected to horizontal railings 4 , 5 , and 6 . the plywood 2 with its attached cushion 3 ( which is not visible in fig6 ) has been placed in the rabbeted area defined by rabbeted out portions of the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , top rail 4 , and middle rail 5 . fig6 also shows the cover trim pieces 7 applied to plywood 2 adjacent to the visible interior edges of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , top rail 4 , and middle rail 5 , as well as vertically in the center of plywood 2 . although not limited thereto , cover trim pieces 7 are typically glued to plywood 2 . fig6 also shows preferred locations of fasteners 20 securing plywood 3 to top rail 4 and bottom rail 5 . fig7 is the front view of the back support in the most preferred non - adjustable embodiment of the present invention with the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , and the top rail 4 , the middle rail 5 and the bottom rail 6 all in an assembled configuration . cushion 3 is visible in fig7 ( but not its attached plywood 2 ) and the cushion unit ( 2 , 3 ) has been placed in the rabbeted area defined by the rabbeted bottom surface of top rail 4 , the rabbeted top surface of middle rail 5 , and the two opposed rabbeted interior surfaces of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b . lower front indentations 15 a and 15 b are also respectively visible in fig7 on vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b which allow for the lid of an attached bench to be raised for interior access . fig8 a - 8h show manual adjustment mechanism components that can be used in the alternative to create an adjustable embodiment of the present invention back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) that allows height adjustment of its cushion 3 , typically a distance of approximately two to three inches , although not limited thereto in all applications . fig8 a is rear view of the plywood 2 showing attached wooden guides 8 used as a part of the most preferred adjustable embodiment of the present invention to receive the adjustment mechanism unit 9 , a spring holder 13 , a center spring 11 , a wooden glide 10 , and two manual adjustment rods 12 a and 12 b . as shown in fig8 a , but not in fig8 c , spring holder 13 is located in the center of adjustment mechanism unit 9 , and holds the spring 11 in its usable position . fig8 b is an enlarged perspective view of spring holder 13 , while fig8 d provides an enlarged view of center spring 11 . the numbers 16 a and 16 b in fig8 a represent the manual adjustment pieces used to contain the ends of the center spring 11 during its compression and extension while inserted through the central bore of spring holder 13 . see fig8 e for an enlarged view of one of the substantially rectangular manual adjustment pieces 16 a . although not shown in a separate enlarged illustration , the second manual adjustment piece 16 b is identical in structure to manual adjustment piece 16 a . it is these manual adjustment pieces 16 a and 16 b that a user compresses and releases with an opposed finger and thumb to cause compression or expansion of center spring 11 to release the distal ends of manual adjustment rods 12 a and 12 b from pre - drilled holes 21 and allow height adjustment of cushion 3 before the user &# 39 ; s finger and thumb grip on manual adjustment pieces 16 a and 16 b is released , allowing the distal ends of manual adjustment rods 12 a and 12 b to become inserted in newly selected pre - drilled holes 21 in the interior surfaces of the left and right vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b . fig8 c shows an enlarged end view of the adjustment mechanism unit 9 components previously shown in fig8 a , including wooden glide 10 , manual adjustment rods 12 a and 12 b , and the rabbeted wooden guides 8 used to hold wooden glide 10 adjacent to the rear surface of plywood 2 . although not shown in the accompanying illustrations , in adjustable embodiments of the present invention the manual adjustment mechanism 9 components are typically hidden from view behind an unadorned and easily removable cover member . fig8 f - h show the preferred configuration of a rabbeted support piece 18 , one of which is attached to the front surface of each of the opposed vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b and used for securing the adjustment mechanism unit 9 into its desired position of use in adjustable embodiments of the present invention back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ). fig8 f is a perspective view of the separate rabbeted support piece 18 attached to the front of right vertical side piece 1 b with several fasteners 20 . fig8 f also shows vertical side piece 1 b having a front indentation 15 b below rabbeted support piece 18 and similar caps 17 attached to the top and bottom ends of rabbeted support piece 18 . fig8 g is an enlarged perspective view from one end of a portion of the vertical edge of plywood 2 secured into its desired position of use within the rabbeted out area defined between the two opposed rabbeted configurations 22 of left and right support pieces 18 . fig8 h is an enlarged perspective view of one of the caps 17 shown in fig8 f attached to the top and bottom ends of rabbeted support piece 18 . the rabbeted support pieces 18 are glued and fastened ( preferably with screws , but not limited thereto ) to the front surface of the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b to define a rabbeted out area where the vertical edges of plywood 2 can fit while supporting cushion 3 on its front surface and the adjustment mechanism unit 9 on its opposed back surface . fig8 f shows the interior surface of vertical side piece 1 b having three pre - drilled holes 21 , each hole 21 sized to receive the distal end of one manual adjustment rod 12 b . also , although the use of three pre - drilled holes 21 is preferred , the number of pre - drilled holes 21 used as a part of the present invention adjustable upper back support unit ( 1 a - 6 ) may be higher or lower than the number shown in fig8 f . furthermore , although not shown in the accompanying illustrations , as long as manual adjustment rods 12 a and 12 b are aligned , vertical side piece 1 a will have the same number and positioning of pre - drilled holes 21 shown in fig8 f for vertical side piece 1 b . although the configurations and relative dimensions of present invention components shown in fig8 a - 8h are preferred in most embodiments of the present invention upper back support unit , they are not critical , and other configurations and dimensions can be used as long as all present invention back support components can still fulfill their intended functions . fig9 is a perspective view of the non - adjustable present invention back support previously shown in fig1 - 7 in an assembled condition . the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , the cushion 3 , the rails 4 , 5 , 6 , and the rail bolts 14 used to attach the assembled back support to a bench , are depicted . as is more clearly shown in fig1 , the front edges of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b adjacent to their respective middle portions and positioned above indentations 15 a and 15 b are each rearwardly inclined relative to the substantially vertically extending front edges of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b adjacent to their respective lower portions positioned below indentation 15 a ( and below the indentation 15 b , behind 15 a , that remains hidden in fig1 ), allowing the front surface of attached cushion 3 to have fixed rearward - inclined positioning relative to a piano bench connected to both of the lower portions of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b via the substantially vertically extending front edges of the lower portions . fig9 also shows indentations 15 a and 15 b respectively on the lower front surfaces of vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , below cushion 3 , which allow the lid of an associated bench to be raised for interior access , when present . in fig1 f , and 9 , the front - to - back width dimension of the lower portions of the vertical side pieces are shown to be greater than those of said middle portions , and lid - accommodating indentations 15 a and 15 b are shown to be rearwardly narrowing and asymmetrical . in addition , fig9 shows the preferred beaded edge 19 of cushion 3 . the rail bolts 14 shown in fig9 are attached to the rear surface of the bench frame with washers and nuts ( not shown ), which remain hidden within the bench interior . the broken lines around the cushion represent the preferred rabbeted areas on the vertical side pieces 1 a and 1 b , top rail 4 , and middle rail 5 , defining a rabbeted space or channel for insertion of the vertical edges of plywood 2 while attached to cushion 3 . while the written description of the invention herein is intended to enable one of ordinary skill to make and use its best mode , it should also be appreciated that the invention disclosure only provides examples of specific embodiments and methods , and many variations , combinations , and equivalents also exist which are not specifically mentioned . the present invention should therefore not be considered as limited to the above - described embodiments , methods , and examples , but instead encompassing all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed and defined in the accompanying claims .
a universal upper back support primarily for piano and organ benches has been created , and is easily attached to any wooden bench used for instrument playing . the back support contains a cushion which is positioned at the correct angle by two vertical side pieces for engagement with the musician &# 39 ; s upper back , and allows free movement of the arms , hips , and legs in any direction without any hindrances while the musician plays a selected instrument . the vertical side pieces may each optionally have a lower front indentation to allow easy opening of the hinged top seat of a music bench having an interior storage space , and the back support can be alternatively made with a manual adjustment mechanism that allows finger - activated vertical height adjustment of its cushion in selected pre - drilled holes . the back support can be provided with an installation template for ease of user installation .