as best seen in fig1 , commercially available surgical systems generally include surgical console 110 having attached , adjustable mayo tray 10 and handpiece 20 attached to console 110 by aspiration tubing 22 , irrigation tubing 24 and power cable 26 . power to handpiece 20 as well as the flows of irrigation and aspiration fluid is controlled by console 110 , which contains appropriate hardware and software , such as power supplies , pumps , pressure sensors , valves , all of which are well - known in the art . as best seen in fig2 and 3 , handpiece 30 of the present invention may be of construction similar to that of conventional handpiece 20 , except handpiece 30 contains enlarged portion 32 and movable restrictor 34 that is moved within enlarged portion 32 by linear actuator 39 , pins 36 and slots 37 . as best seen in fig4 and 5 , the shape of restrictor 34 and main flow channel 38 within handpiece 30 is such that regardless of the position of restrictor 34 , flow channel 38 remains rounded or oval . this is because a round or rounded geometry provides maximum flow per unit area with the least amount or parasitic fluidic losses . as best seen in fig2 , is a relaxed , or least restricted state , restrictor 34 is located near the bottom or enlarged portion 32 so that flow channel 38 has its widest cross - section area , thereby providing the least resistance to fluid flow . as best seen in fig3 , under circumstances directed by the user or pre - programmed into the software in console 110 , restrictor 34 can be elevated up into flow channel 38 by being moved linearly in both directions by linear actuator 39 , forcing slots 37 to ride up or down pins 36 , thereby restricting the cross - sectional area of flow channel 38 , as seen in fig5 , and increase the flow resistance in flow channel 38 . the movement of linear actuator 39 and the respective movement of restrictor 34 can be controlled in either direction via a feedback loop tied to pressure ( vacuum ) in flow channel 38 in an automated , pre - programmed manner , or to some other parameter under the control of the user of console 110 . alternatively , as seen in fig6 and 7 , linear movement of restrictor 34 by linear actuator 39 causes restrictor 34 it rotate eccentrically about pin 36 , thereby restricting the cross - sectional area of flow channel 38 . as best seen in fig8 and 9 , in a second embodiment of the present invention , handpiece 130 may contain flow channel 138 having enlarged portion 132 and flow restrictor 134 more in the shape of a paddle that rotates on shaft 136 . rotation of shaft 136 cause rotation of restrictor 134 from a first , position introducing little or no flow restriction in flow channel 138 , as seen in fig6 , to a position that introduces a varying amount of restriction within flow channel 138 , as seen in fig8 . the rotation of shaft 136 and the respective movement of restrictor 134 can be controlled via a feedback loop tied to pressure ( vacuum ) in flow channel 138 in an automated , pre - programmed manner , or to some other parameter under the control of the user of console 110 . this description is given for purposes of illustration and explanation . it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that changes and modifications may be made to the invention described above without departing from its scope or spirit . for example , it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the restrictor of the present invention may be placed anywhere along the aspiration fluid pathway , such as in the cassette formed as part of the console .
a surgical handpiece having an active flow restrictor responsive to a feedback loop that can vary the fluid flow resistance through the handpiece .