fig1 shows a 3d view of a first embodiment of the space holder of the invention with a cylindrical body 1 having provision for two connecting rings 2 at the ends of the cylindrical body 1 for connecting the space holder to the adjacent body parts , e . g . bones or cartilage in , for example , the human body . cylindrical body 1 is made as a solid cylinder from an elastic polymer , such as high molecular polyethylene or medical grade silicone , with cylinder - shaped body 1 being made up of two parts , namely a cylindrical core 8 and a cylinder pipe - shaped sleeve or cover 7 , which is arranged coaxially around core 8 . due to the two - component structure of core 8 and sleeve 7 , different materials having different properties , such as strength , elasticity etc , can be used for optimally adjusting the mechanical properties of cylinder - shaped body 1 to requirements . connecting rings 2 , which are arranged at the ends of cylinder - shaped body 1 , have identical shapes in the sample embodiment shown , but may also have different shapes . connecting rings 2 possess an inner diameter that roughly corresponds to the outer diameter of cylinder - shaped body 1 such that they can be pushed over the ends of cylinder - shaped body 1 . the outer diameter of cylinder - shaped body 1 can be made somewhat larger than the inner diameter of connecting ring 2 in order that tensioning of the cylinder - shaped body 1 and / or connecting ring 2 may cause the connecting ring to sit firmly by non - positive means on cylinder - shaped body 1 . in this selected variant , connecting rings 2 project by a thickness d 1 , which corresponds to the wall thickness of connecting ring 2 , over the body surface of cylinder - shaped body 1 . furthermore , connecting rings 2 are arranged on cylindrical body 1 such that they project by a height h 1 in the axial direction beyond the ends of cylinder - shaped body 1 . it is thus possible for serrations 3 provided for at the side ends of connecting rings 2 to engage with adjacent body tissue at the site of the implantation . connecting rings 2 in the embodiment shown in fig1 are formed such that triangular cavities 5 at the two ends of connecting ring 2 create trapezoidal serrations 3 , provision for which is made at the side opposite cylinder - shaped body 1 for engaging with and clinging onto adjacent body tissue . in addition , connecting ring 2 has diamond - shaped cavities 4 , provision for which is made such that they are adjacent to each other around the entire ring . as a result , connecting ring 2 is formed again to itself by a number of diamond - shaped interconnected fillets 6 , with the tips of the diamonds formed by fillets 6 cut - off so that trapezoidal serrations 3 are formed . since connecting ring 2 in the sample embodiment shown projects over cylindrical body 1 approximately from the centre of the diamonds 4 , each diamond - shaped cavity 4 in the ring 2 shown in the lower part of fig1 has an upper region 10 in which only a recess as far as the cylindrical body 1 is formed due to diamond - shaped cavity 4 , whereas provision is made in lower region 11 for a fully open aperture ( correspondingly in upper ring 2 ). both recess 10 and aperture 11 enable the space holder to grow into and knit together with the body tissue . aside from the force fit or snug fit of the connecting rings on cylindrical body 1 , there are other ways of effecting a permanent and especially non - twisting connection between connecting rings 2 and cylindrical body 1 . for example it is possible to make provision for protrusions ( not shown ) on the inside of connecting rings 2 and to also mould , for example , the connecting rings 2 or the protrusions during the manufacture of cylinder - shaped body 1 by injection moulding into cylinder - shaped body 1 , in which case the projections would then be enveloped and occluded by the plastic compound of cylinder - shaped body 1 , as a way of effecting the permanent connection between cylinder - shaped body 1 and connecting rings 2 . in addition , however , a large number of other connecting means and techniques are conceivable . through forming the cylinder - shaped body 1 as a solid body and especially as a two component body with core 8 and sleeve 7 , optimum load distribution and load accommodation are possible , with , especially by forming core 8 and sleeve 7 differently as regards mechanical properties , a desired property profile capable of being set . for example , core 8 can be designed to be more rigid than jacket 7 such that , given flexural stress on the space holder about the radial axis 13 shown by way of example , the especially highly extended or compressed external areas of sleeve 7 exhibit extensive yielding capability , whereas core 8 , which only has to accommodate less extensive extension or compression , exhibits greater rigidity such that the space holder overall has the property of readily facilitating minor bending , while increasing bending is met with a disproportionate increase in resistance . but also axial extension or compression along longitudinal axis 12 is optimally effected by the elastic solid cylinder 1 of the embodiment shown in fig1 . fig2 shows a second embodiment of a space holder of the object of the invention in an illustration corresponding to fig1 . therein , the same or similar components with identical references are shown so that , with the exception of the differences described below , the considerations above also apply here . in the embodiment of fig2 , cylindrical body 1 is also made from an elastic polymer , with the exception that it is a single - piece body made from one component , i . e . cylinder - shaped body 1 is made from a single material in a single piece . however , the ends of cylinder - shaped body 1 have a reduced diameter for a limited length of the longitudinal axis 12 of cylinder - shaped body 1 such that a shoulder 9 is formed . the diameter is thereby reduced by twice the thickness d 2 , which corresponds to the wall thickness of connecting ring 2 , such that connecting ring 2 arranged at shoulder 9 is flush with the body surface of cylinder - shaped body 1 . in this embodiment , also , the connecting rings 2 are formed such that , in the arrangement in shoulder 9 of cylinder - shaped body 1 , they project over the ends of cylinder - shaped body 1 by a height h 2 in order again to give the spikes 3 formed at the ends the possibility of engaging with adjacent body tissue at the site of implantation . the embodiment shown in fig2 also differs from the embodiment shown in fig1 as regards the shape of connecting rings 2 . the connecting rings 2 used here are notable for the fact that they have a wave - like or a zigzag shaped arrangement of fillets 6 , such that triangular cavities 5 are formed between the fillets 6 at the ends and trapezoidal spikes 3 are again present between triangular cavities 5 . by virtue of the arrangement of connecting rings 2 in shoulders 9 of cylinder - shaped body 1 , the triangular grooves 5 on the side facing cylinder - shaped body 1 form recesses 10 with cylinder - shaped body 1 that again enable the space holder to grow into the body tissue . on the upper connecting ring 2 of fig2 is shown by way of example the manner in which , for example , a connection may be effected between connecting rings 2 and cylinder - shaped body 1 by rods 15 projecting radially inward . in this regard and also by way of example is shown in connecting ring 2 aperture 14 , through or into which rod 15 can be pushed or screwed such that it projects radially inward inside connecting ring 2 . rod 15 can be fixed to connecting ring 2 by suitable means of attachment , such as thread and counter - nut . connecting rings 2 prepared in this way can , for example , then be inserted into an injection mould so that cylinder - shaped body 1 can then be moulded from a bio - compatible polymer . radially inwardly projecting rods 15 of connecting rings 2 are then occluded in cylinder - shaped body 1 and produce a permanent , especially also a non - twisting connection between connecting rings 2 and cylinder - shaped body 1 . admittedly , it is also conceivable to produce cylinder - shaped body 1 beforehand , to push connecting rings 2 onto shoulders 9 and and then to press rods 15 through apertures 14 into cylinder - shaped body 1 or into the polymer material of cylinder - shaped body 1 or to guide them into corresponding holes and then to secure rod 15 in a suitable way , e . g . via screw connections on connecting ring 2 . in addition to the connecting possibilities described explicitly here for connecting connecting rings 2 and cylinder - shaped body 1 , numerous other suitable connecting techniques are conceivable . fig3 shows a side view of an alternative connecting ring 2 with several rows of diamond - shaped cavities that are offset to each other in the axial direction by a half diamond . as indicated by the dashed line 14 in fig3 , a connecting ring 2 designed in this way can be shortened to the corresponding desired length by cutting along cutting line 14 of connecting ring 2 such that spikes 3 are again formed at the point of separation by diamond - shaped connected fillets 6 . fig4 and 5 are schematic cross - sectional diagrams of the different cross - sectional shapes of cylinder - like body 1 , with fig4 showing an oval cross - sectional shape and fig5 a pea - shaped cross - section .
the present invention concerns a space holder , especially for vertebrae or intervertebral discs for implantation into human or animal organisms , having a cylinder - like body and , at the ends of the cylinder - like body , means provided for connecting to adjacent body parts , said cylinder - like body essentially being formed as a solid cylinder from at least one material that is elastically deformable under the conditions of use , such that the space holder is compressible and extensible in the axial direction and , with reference to means provided at the ends for connecting the space holder to adjacent body parts , can bend about a radial axis of rotation .