referring now more particularly to the drawings , reference numerals will be used to denote like parts or structural features in the different views . the numeral 10 denotes generally a modular panel which forms the front boundary of two half stalls . the individual modular panel is best seen by reference to fig1 . the modular panel 10 has a fairly broad lower portion 12 with vertical sides 17 . above the lower portion 12 is a large indentation 13 at each side of modular panel 10 . above indentation 13 is a top portion 15 which is wider than the portion of modular panel 10 between indentations 13 and narrower than lower portion 12 . top portion 15 has generally vertical sides . indentation 13 has horizontal bottom 19 , vertical side 20 and a sloping top 21 . panel 10 may be assembled from several separate pieces , but fusing all of the parts into a single module eliminates gaps between the component parts which could trap dirt and disease organisms . the simplest panel construction is obtained by locating the break between modules at the center of each stall where the barrier forming the front boundary of the stall is lowest . various materials may be employed in manufacture of modular panel 10 . the panels may be formed entirely of an organic polymeric material such as plastic or plastic filled with fiberglass or other material as shown in fig8 and 9 , or of an organic polymeric material such as plastic or plastic material 50 reinforced with fiberglass or other reinforcing fibers or reinforcing material overlaid over a rigid plastic foam core 51 , as shown in fig3 and 4 , or a rigid wood core 52 ( fig1 ) which may be solid or a laminated material such as plywood . when a modular panel 10 is made without a core , rigidity may be achieved by forming ribs 54 in the panel 10 . such ribs 54 have a larger cross section as shown in fig9 than the remainder of the panel 10 and permit a thinner section over the balance of the panel . when two or more modular panels 10 ( a plurality ) are placed together side to side as shown in fig6 the adjacent vertical sides 17 of the lower portions 12 abut flush one to the other so that the lower portions 12 of the two panels 10 , or of however many are aligned side by side in a straight row , form a continuous unbroken barrier . above the barrier formed by lower portions 12 , at each juncture between two panels 10 , the adjacent indentations 13 are in register forming a large opening 14 . this opening 14 is topped by a vertical slot 16 open at its top and continuous at its bottom with the large opening 14 . the slot 16 is formed because the top portions 15 of panels 10 are not as wide as lower portions 12 so that a gap remains between adjacent top portions when the lower portions 12 are in contact . the sides of lower portions 12 need not be vertical and may be slanted or interlock tongue and groove fashion but the sides of lower portions 12 must mate together in close contact with no gaps . the large opening may be eliminated so that the slot is of generally uniform width from top to bottom . at the left in fig6 may be seen a special modular end panel 40 which is similar to half a standard modular panel 10 . this end panel 40 has a vertical side 41 for joining to a side wall or partition , and may be as wide as half a standard panel 10 or a little wider . a complete row of panels 10 would have an end panel 40 at each end of the row as shown in fig6 . in fig6 the center line 25 of the first standard or whole panel 10 is shown . the center line 25 and side wall 80 are generally the boundaries of one stall . it may be seen that a stall 30 will be formed at the juncture between any two panels 10 or between a panel 10 and an end panel 40 . the large opening 14 and slot 16 will keep a cow &# 39 ; s head in one location and generally adjacent cows will maintain separation of bodies . thus , modular panels 10 may be arranged linearly like a low wall made up of individual panels 10 and with large openings 14 and slots 16 at the juncture of any two panels 10 . slot 16 , being open at the top , allows a cow to walk up to it and lower its head into and through slot 16 into large opening 14 . once in this position the sides of opening 14 allow a cow to feed in a certain range along a feed trough 35 in front of the row of panels 10 . normally a cow will lay down upon the barn floor and edge forward toward the food in front of the stall , pushing against the lower portions of the panels in front of it which form a continuous lower barrier in front of the cow . since the front limbs of the cow are under it , the joints of these limbs will come into contact with the lower barrier formed by the panels and rub against it when the cow moves . the smooth surface of this barrier prevents abrasions to the limbs of the cow thereby eliminating open sores , damage and possible associated disease , all of which would reduce milk production and health of the cows . it may be desirable to maintain more complete separation between cows . this may be achieved by providing a separator 70 between stalls 30 . fig1 shows a top view of a row of stalls 30 . between each stall 30 is a separator 70 which may be a solid side panel constructed of the same materials as the modular panels forming the front of the stalls , or a metal tube 72 . a solid panel would have its lower end embedded in or affixed to the barn floor 60 . fig1 shows a metal tube 72 used as a separator 70 . one end of metal tube 72 is attached to the center line 25 of panel 10 and has the other end embedded or attached to the barn floor 60 . in the configuration shown , the metal tube 72 has a horizontal section 73 and a downwardly extending section 74 . the downwardly extending section 74 may be sloped as shown or vertical . a feed trough 35 is shown in fig1 and 12 which may be better utilized than a flat floor for containing cattle feed . an offal trough 36 is also shown . as is shown in fig4 the modular panel 10 may be installed by pouring a concrete floor about it so as to embed the lower few inches of it within the finished barn floor 60 . short sections of rod 53 , which may be steel reinforcing bar ( rebar ) or other rod material , may be molded into the lower few inches of modular panel 10 so as to project outward from its surface to provide a stronger connection with concrete barn floor 60 . the modular panel 10 may also be affixed to an existing barn floor 60 with standard mounting hardware such as bolts . the outer surface of modular panel 10 is smooth and free of holes or porosity such as that of wood so that it does not collect dirt and is easily cleaned . the installation of the modular panels may be accomplished all in one operation which goes very quickly . conventional stall installation by contrast requires the installers to go to the job site more than once . as noted previously , metal tube structures tend to corrode at the floor line where moisture and acids collect . to lengthen the life of metal tube and other metal components , most metal parts are mounted to a raised concrete curb . the curb must be poured and allowed to harden for two to three days before the metal parts may be fully assembled necessitating a return trip . even when so raised off the floor , corrosion occurs since moisture and acids collect on the curb itself . thus , the modular panel structure results in quicker and less expensive installation as well as superior durability compared to metal structures . if the modular panel 10 is made without a reinforcing wood core 52 or foam core 51 , it may most economically be formed with reinforcing ribs 54 projecting perpendicular to its surface . also , thickened mounting portions 55 may be added for securing of hardware . such mounting portions 55 are suited for attaching separators 70 such as metal tube 72 . additionally hardware such as tie hardware 75 which may be a snap ring may be mounted upon a panel 10 to secure a cow within a stall 30 . in use , the cow stall so formed by modular panels 10 , with or without metal tubes 72 or solid side panels 71 , serves as an efficient and sturdy stall construction . it is readily cleansed and aired . the barrier between stalls formed by the modular panels 10 serves to regulate the quantity of food allotted to each cow in the space or trough ahead . the construction is simple to manufacture and very easy to install in dairy barns by merely embedding the lower end in concrete . the invention accordingly economically and effectively carries out the aforementioned objectives .
a modular cattle stall structure which is set into or affixed to the floor of a barn or similar building to define spaces for the cattle and provide separation between them . the modules are arranged in a linear array so that one module is between the space for two cattle and each module defines one boundary for the cattle on each side of it . half modules are provided for the end stall and the unitary structure has no crevices or places to retain dirt so that maintenance of a sanitary condition is simplified .