fig1 shows , seen in perspective the components of the self - watering system according to the present invention . the individual components are shown as cylindrical bodies , but in principle the components can equally well be angular , such as polygon , etc . fig1 and 2 show a self - watering system 1 comprising a liquid container 2 and an insert 3 for use with a flowerpot 4 . the liquid container 2 has a bottom 5 and an opposite open end 6 , for receiving the insert 3 . the insert has a lower part 7 , which , via a circular shoulder 8 extends into a tapered upper part 9 with a wedge 10 to hold a wick 11 . the wick 11 extends , in the case outlined along both the upper 9 &# 39 ; s circular wall 12 and the lower part 7 &# 39 ; s circular wall 13 , where the wick 11 has a length that is sufficient to be immersed in a volume of liquid ( not shown ) in the liquid container 2 to obtain a capillary effect . the circular shoulder 8 of the insert has a total of four against the upper part 9 upwardly pointing distance elements 14 a , 14 b , 14 c , 14 d , on which the flowerpot 4 bottom 15 rests , when placed in the use position . the lower portion 7 of the insert 3 has a free edge 16 with a continuous liquid opening 17 a , 17 b for liquid passage during use , when the insert 3 is located on the bottom 5 of the liquid container 2 . the number of distance elements 14 and liquid openings 17 are shown as an example and more or fewer may be adopted within the scope of the present invention . the actual pot 4 is a traditional flower pot with a bottom 15 and an open end 18 to receive a potted plant . the bottom 15 has a bottom opening 19 which is sufficiently large to be placed over the tapered upper part 9 , while there is a gap between the perimeter 20 of the pot 4 &# 39 ; s bottom opening 19 and the upper part 9 &# 39 ; s circular outer wall 12 and a space between the pot 4 &# 39 ; s bottom 15 and the circular shoulder 8 so that the capillary effect can proceed completely unobstructed without constriction of the wick 11 as shown in the following fig3 , where the self - watering system 1 is assembled and planted with a potted plant . fig3 shows the insert 3 from fig1 in enlarged view , so that it is more clearly seen how the wick 11 is attached to the insert 3 , where the mid region of the wick 11 is loosely held by the wedge 10 , while the two ends of the wick 11 extend from the wedge 11 over the circular shoulder 8 and down to the bottom 16 of the insert 3 . fig4 shows the self - watering system 1 from fig2 in a section through line iv - iv and with the addition of a growth medium 21 , a plant 22 and liquid 23 . the liquid 23 in the liquid container 2 only partially covers the lower part 7 of the insert so that liquid 23 does not have direct contact with the bottom 15 of the pot 4 . fig4 clearly show how the wick 11 , which is loosely kept in the wedge 10 , extends externally downwards the upper part &# 39 ; s 9 outer wall 12 and further through the space between the circular shoulder 8 and the pot 4 &# 39 ; s bottom 15 and along the lower part 7 &# 39 ; s external wall 13 towards the bottom 5 of the liquid container 2 , so that the wick 11 can transport liquid 23 to the growth medium 21 in the pot 4 . since the cut through the line iv - iv in fig2 is along the wedge 10 , the wedge is not seen in fig4 . since the section also passes through the wick 11 , the upwardly pointing distance elements 14 a , 14 b are not part of the cut , but still included in fig4 to clarify how they ensure that there is a gap 24 between the circular shoulder 8 and the pot &# 39 ; s 4 bottom 15 , since the bottom 15 rests on the distance elements 14 a , 14 b . fig5 shows an alternative embodiment of the insert 25 according to the invention in which the wick 11 extends from the wedge 10 and extends externally along the upper 26 &# 39 ; s outer wall 27 and along the base 28 . in the use position with liquid container 2 ( not shown ) and a pot 4 ( not shown ) the base 28 stands on the bottom 15 of the liquid container 2 so that the wick 11 can transport liquid 23 ( not shown ) from the bottom 15 . the upwardly pointing distance elements 29 a , 29 b , 29 c , 29 d has a sufficient height so that when a flowerpot 4 ( not shown ) during operation rests on the upwardly pointing distance elements 29 a , 29 b , 29 c , 29 d , there is room for enough liquid 23 ( not shown ) in the liquid container 2 without the liquid 23 is in contact with the pot 4 &# 39 ; s bottom 15 , while the tapered end of the insert 25 &# 39 ; s upper portion 26 extends partially into the inner of the pot 4 in the same way as the embodiment shown in fig1 - 4 . at the base 28 the insert 25 has a liquid opening 17 with the same function as the embodiment shown in fig1 - 4 . fig6 shows yet another alternative embodiment of the insert 30 according to the invention , where the difference in comparison with the insert 3 in fig1 - 4 is that the insert &# 39 ; s 30 upper part 31 is designed as a pyramid stump with one at the top designed wedge 32 to loosely retain the wick 11 . this design of the upper part 31 is particularly advantageous for use with flower pots with circular openings in their bottom , as previously mentioned . fig7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the insert 33 according to the invention , where the difference in comparison with 3 in fig1 - 4 is that the insert 33 is designed with a number of radial distance elements ( fig7 shows two radial distance elements 34 a , 34 b ), which most preferably are symmetrical about the insert 33 &# 39 ; s central axis . the means for loosely holding the at least one wick may be provided by supplying the top of the upper part with a top notch / wedge or e . g . two essentially perpendicular serrations / wedges . fig8 shows an embodiment of the present invention , wherein the liquid container and the insert are integrated . the liquid container is integrated with the insert ( here a hollow mandrel ) in its center . the insert is fitted with a wick 11 in the top . means for holding the wick 11 may be a wedge to into which the wick may be clamped . the liquid container is filled with water 23 , after which the pot 4 is put into the container , thus pressing the top of the insert ( here mandrel ) into the center hole of the pot so that the wick 11 comes into contact with potting 21 . the wick can transport water up from the liquid container , whereby the potting soil absorbs the water transported by the wick ( due to capillary effect ), where the water is distributed mainly in the lower ⅔ parts of potting soil , in which most plant roots are located . the insert may within the scope of the present invention have a height that is less than the height of the liquid container , so that the insert and the at least one wick is not visible . for example , the internal height of the liquid container may be adjusted so that it is essentially equals the pot height when the pot is placed in the self - watering system of the present invention , whereby the liquid container acts as a plant pot that may have an outer surface that is particularly decorative . furthermore it achieves the advantage that less liquid evaporates from the liquid container when the air circulation around the liquid in the liquid container is reduced . fig9 shows , seen at the top , a tray - based self - watering system 1 a according to the present invention for self - watering pot plants , wherein cavities / liquid containers 2 a are provided with inserts 3 a each having a wick 11 a for use with a flowerpot 4 a ( not shown ). hence , in this embodiment the principles of the present invention are extended to commonly used flower trays as an alternative to the flower pots normally used . fig1 shows , seen in cross section , a section of the tray - based self - watering system 1 a in fig9 with cavities / liquid containers 2 a and inserts 3 a for use with a flowerpot 4 a . each liquid container 2 a has a bottom 5 a and an opposing open end 6 a to receive an insert 3 a . the inserts have a lower part 7 a which extends into a tapered upper part with a wedge 10 a to maintain a wick 11 a . the wick 11 extends , in the case outlined along both the upper part &# 39 ; s circular external wall and the lower part 7 a &# 39 ; s circular external wall , where wick 11 a has a length that is sufficient to be immersed in a volume of liquid in liquid container 2 a to obtain a capillary effect . in a preferred embodiment the lower part of the wick is adapted the liquid container so that the insert is centered therein . in practice this means that a pot with a center hole can be inserted in a simple workflow whilst inserts ( including wick ) are mounted into the pot . this is done without positioning / adjustment of the insert relative to the pot . direct contact between the growth medium and the liquid in the liquid container can cause the growth medium to absorb too much water or the growth medium to collapse , both with negative consequences for the plant . it is therefore important in the present invention that the lower part of the insert has a height adapted to the volume of liquid required in a given application with the self - watering system so that said direct contact is avoided . the insert may also be designed from a material that is dimensionally stable and resistant to external influences , such as plant fertilizer and similar chemicals . suitable materials for the wick include but are not limited to , for example polypropylene that is inexpensive and easily machined . if the insert is designed for multiple use , for example a transparent decorative water container made of glass , the wick may be made from glass , ceramic or metal . especially a hollow insert may be designed by a dimensionally stable material . the preferred number of wicks can be between 1 and 10 , more preferred between 1 and 7 and especially preferred between 1 and 4 . the capillary effect of the at least one wick works particularly effectively if the wick is made of , for example , polyamide , or other suitable synthetic / natural fabric . to ensure that the at least one wick is directed from the retention point on the upper part of the insert and essentially perpendicular to the liquid container bottom , the outer surface of the insert may be fitted with one or more gripping means which grips the wick and thus keeps it essentially outstretched . these measures will prevent that at least one wick trapped between the pot and the upwardly pointing distance elements or between the pot and the radial distance elements , which for example could occur if the at least one wick stretched diagonally along the insert &# 39 ; s exterior wall due to the handling of the insert and flowerpot . these means , such as hooks , may for example be located on the circular shoulder at the base of the upper part and / or at the base of the lower part . the insert is designed with an upper portion and a base , as illustrated in fig5 . in the use position the base may with advantage rest directly on the bottom of liquid container and the base may have an area which essentially corresponds to the internal area of the liquid container bottom so that the base rests stable . liquid is either filled into the container before the insert and the pot are put into the liquid container or subsequently through the space between the upper edge of the liquid container and the upper edge of the flowerpot .
the invention provides a self - watering system for a potted plant comprising a liquid container and an insert with an in use position against the potted plant pointing upper part , which extends at least partially through an opening in the pot bottom . the invention is primarily intended for use in watering of potted plants ready for sale from e . g . horticultural greenhouses , but can obviously also be used for both the subsequent watering during the rest of the plant &# 39 ; s life from end - users and for watering during the cultivation of a potted plant .