the subject nucleic acids are of synthetic / non - natural sequences and / or are isolated , i . e . unaccompanied by at least some of the material with which it is associated in its natural state , preferably constituting at least about 0 . 5 %, preferably at least about 5 % by weight of total nucleic acid present in a given fraction , and usually recombinant , meaning they comprise a non - natural sequence or a natural sequence joined to nucleotide ( s ) other than that which it is joined to on a natural chromosome . nucleic acids comprising the nucleotide sequence of seq id no : 1 or fragments thereof , contain such sequence or fragment at a terminus , immediately flanked by a sequence other than that which it is joined to on a natural chromosome , or flanked by a native flanking region fewer than 10 kb , preferably fewer than 2 kb , which is at a terminus or is immediately flanked by a sequence other than that which it is joined to on a natural chromosome . while the nucleic acids are usually rna or dna , it is sometimes advantageous to use nucleic acids comprising other bases or nucleotide analogs to provide modified stability , etc . the subject nucleic acids find a wide variety of applications including use as hybridization probes , pcr primers , therapeutic nucleic acids , etc . ; use in detecting the presence of ucp2 genes and gene transcripts , in detecting or amplifying nucleic acids encoding additional ucp2 homologs and structural analogs , in gene therapy applications and in a variety of screening assays . in diagnosis , ucp2 - promoter specific hybridization probes find use in identifying wild - type and mutant ucp2 alleles in clinical and laboratory samples . mutant alleles are used to generate allele - specific oligonucleotide ( aso ) probes for high - throughput clinical diagnoses . in therapy , therapeutic ucp2 nucleic acids are used to modulate cellular expression or intracellular concentration or availability of active ucp2 . for example , ucp2 nucleic acids are used to modulate cellular expression or intracellular concentration or availability of active ucp2 protein . ucp2 inhibitory nucleic acids are typically antisense : single - stranded sequences comprising complements of the disclosed natural ucp2 transcript sequences , particularly the untranslated exon 1 . antisense modulation of the expression of a given ucp2 protein may employ antisense nucleic acids operably linked to gene regulatory sequences . cell are transfected with a vector comprising a ucp2 sequence with a promoter sequence oriented such that transcription of the gene yields an antisense transcript capable of binding to endogenous ucp2 encoding mrna . alternatively , single - stranded antisense nucleic acids that bind to genomic dna or mrna encoding ucp2 protein may be administered to the target cell , in or temporarily isolated from a host , at a concentration that results in a substantial reduction in expression of the targeted protein . an enhancement in ucp2 expression is effected by introducing into the targeted cell type ucp2 nucleic acids which increase the functional expression of the corresponding gene products . such nucleic acids may be ucp2 expression vectors , vectors which upregulate the functional expression of an endogenous allele , or replacement vectors for targeted correction of mutant alleles . techniques for introducing the nucleic acids into viable cells are known in the art and include retroviral - based transfection , viral coat protein - liposome mediated transfection , etc . the invention provides efficient methods of identifying pharmacological agents or lead compounds for agents active at the level of ucp2 gene transcription . the methods are amenable to automated , cost - effective high throughput screening of chemical libraries for lead compounds . a wide variety of assays for transcriptional regulators are provided including cell - based transcription assays , promoter - protein binding assays , etc . for example , the disclosed luciferase reporter constructs are used to transfect cells such as hela cells for cell - based transcription assays . specifically , hela cells are plated onto microtiter plates and used to screen libraries of candidate agents for lead compounds which modulate the transcriptional regulation of the ucp2 gene promoter , as monitored by luciferase expression . an exemplary promoter - protein binding assay is described below . the following examples , exemplary promoter deletion mutants and screening assays are offered by way of illustration and not by way of limitation . transient transfections were carried out using cultured hela cells by calcium phosphate precipitation . 5 ug of promoter - luciferase plasmid dna were co - transfected with either 1 ug of pmsv expression vector or 1 ug of pmsv - tr expression vector . samples were co - precipitated with 2 ug of salmon sperm dna and 0 . 2 ug of a β - galactosidase internal control expression vector , then applied atop adherent hela cells in 6 well tissue culture plates . after 16 hr cells were washed in phosphate buffered saline and refed with fresh dmem / f12 culture medium supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum . after an additional 24 hr cells were harvested , lysed and assayed for luciferase and β - galactosidase enzymatic activity according to manufacturer &# 39 ; s recommendations ( promega ). genomic clones containing the promoter region , the first exon and the remaining 5 &# 39 ; untranslated region of the human ucp2 gene were obtained by hybridization screening of a bacteriophage 1 library using a pcr amplified probe derived from hucp2 encoding sequences . the clones were further confirmed by rehybridization using a pcr probe derived from 5 &# 39 ; untranslated region sequence , which were obtained from race pcr amplification using a primer u5r ( atcggatccgaatggtgcccatcacaccgcggta ) ( seq id no : 2 ). genomic clones were subcloned into pbluescript ksii ( stratagene ), and then sequenced using an applied biosystems dna sequencer . the dna sequence of human ucp2 exon i was identical to the first 100 bp of an est clone ( 184239 ). the promoter sequence was subjected to blast search on the ncbi server and found no homolog to any known sequence . the dna sequence of the first untranslated exon and upstream dna of the mouse ucp2 gene is shown in seq id no : 1 . the transcription start site is located at position 461 and exon i proceeds to position 565 . a number of transcription factor binding sites are present : gc / sp1 sites are found at positions 200 - 209 , 303 - 311 , 370 - 379 , 383 - 392 and 395 - 404 . a gh / tre site is found at positions 319 - 326 ; a pr / gr site at positions 546 - 554 ; an irbp site at positions 49 - 56 ; and an agp / ebp site at positions 98 - 104 . the promoter activity of the 5 &# 39 ; flanking region of human ucp2 gene and a variety of deletion mutants thereof are conveniently screened in a transient transfection assay using mammalian cell lines . an exemplary assay is the hela - cell based luciferase reporter assay of fig1 . selected promoter deletions are amplified by pcr using targeting primers . amplification primer pairs for exemplified deletions are as follows : the deletions may be recombined in any desired variation . for example internal deletions are readily prepared by amplifying both 5 &# 39 ; and 3 &# 39 ; deletions followed by ligation . alternatively , a ucp2 promoter deletion may be fused with non - ucp2 promoter element ( s ) to form heterohybrid promoters . internal deletions and heterohybrid constructs are exemplified as follows : the pcr fragments are restriction enzyme digested by mlui and hindiii , and then subcloned into mlui and hindiii sites of pgl - 2b or pgl - 2p ( promega ). transient transfections are carried out using cultued hela cells by calcium phosphate precitation method . after 40 hours , cells are harvested , lysed and assayed for luciferase activity . exemplary mutants are shown to a range of transcriptional activity ( fig1 ). blocking buffer : 5 % bsa , 0 . 5 % tween 20 in pbs ; 1 hr , rt . assay buffer : 100 mm kcl , 20 mm hepes ph 7 . 6 , 0 . 25 mm edta , 1 % glycerol , 0 . 5 % np - 40 , 50 mm bme , 1 mg / ml bsa , cocktail of protease inhibitors . 33 p tr 10 × stock : 10 - 6 - 10 - 8 m &# 34 ; cold &# 34 ; tr supplemented with 200 , 000 - 250 , 000 cpm of labeled tr ( beckman counter ). place in the 4 ° c . microfridge during screening . protease inhibitor cocktail ( 1000 ×): 10 mg trypsin inhibitor ( bmb # 109894 ), 10 mg aprotinin ( bmb # 236624 ), 25 mg benzamidine ( sigma # b - 6506 ), 25 mg leupeptin ( bmb # 1017128 ), 10 mg apmsf ( bmb # 917575 ), and 2 mm navo 3 ( sigma # s - 6508 ) in 10 ml of pbs . oligonucleotide stock : ( specific biotinylated ). biotinylated oligo at 17 pmole / μl , ucp2 gene promoter containing tre site : ( biotin )-( seq id no : 1 , bases 301 - 350 ). coat with 120 μl of stock n - avidin per well overnight at 4 ° c . add 10 μl 33 p - tr ( 20 , 000 - 25 , 000 cpm / 0 . 1 - 10 pmoles / well = 10 - 9 - 10 - 7 m final concentration ). add 40 μl oligo mixture ( 1 . 0 pmoles / 40 ul in assay buffer with 1 ng of ss - dna ) all publications and patent applications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication or patent application were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference . although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity of understanding , it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the teachings of this invention that certain changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit or scope of the appended claims . __________________________________________________________________________sequence listing ( 1 ) general information :( iii ) number of sequences : 16 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 1 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 736 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 1 : gggtgggtagtttgcccagcgtaggggggctgggcccataaaagaggaagtgcacttaag60acacggccccgctggacgctgttagaaaccgtcctggctgggaaggcaagaggtgtgtga120ctggacaagacttgtttctggcggtcagtcttgccatcctcacagaggttggcggcccga180gagagtgtgaggcagaggcggggagtggcaagggagtgaccatctcggggaacgaaggag240taaacgcggtgatgggacgcacggaaacgggagtggagaaagtcatggagagaaccctag300gcggggcggtccccgcggaaaggcggctgctccagggtctccgcacccaagtaggagtgg360caggcccggccccgccccgcaggccccaccccgggccccgcccccgaggcttaagccgcg420ccgccgcctgcgcggagccccactgcgaagcccagctgcgcgcgccttgggattgactgt480ccacgctcgcccggctcgtccgacgcgccctccgccagccgacagacacagccgcacgca540ctgccgtgttctccctgcggctcggtgagcctggccccagccctgcgccctttgcgcccc600ccacgcttgttctgcgtgcgctgcccgctcttccatttaccttctctcccacccaagttt660gtactcttttctttctctcggttttattttttgtttttgtttgtttgtttgagacaggct720ttcgctctgtctccca736 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 2 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 34 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 2 : atcggatccgaatggtgcccatcacaccgcggta34 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 3 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 3 : actacgcgtgggtgggtagtttgcccagc29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 4 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 27 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 4 : actaagcttcgagccgcagggagaaca27 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 5 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 5 : actacgcgttgcacttaagacacggcccc29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 6 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 6 : actacgcgtggaaggcaagaggtgtgtga29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 7 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 28 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 7 : actacgcgttgccatcctcacagaggtt28 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 8 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 8 : actacgcgtgggagtggcaagggagtgac29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 9 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 9 : actacgcgtgatgggacgcacggaaacgg29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 10 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 10 : actacgcgtgcggggcggtccccgcggaa29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 11 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 11 : actacgcgtgtaggagtggcaggcccggc29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 12 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 12 : actacgcgtcccccgaggcttaagccgcg29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 13 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 13 : aacgaattcccgcgggggaccgccccgcg29 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 14 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 33 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 14 : aacgaattcctgctccagggtctccgcacccaa33 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 15 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 30 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 15 : aacgaattcccgggcctgccactcctactt30 ( 2 ) information for seq id no : 16 :( i ) sequence characteristics :( a ) length : 29 base pairs ( b ) type : nucleic acid ( c ) strandedness : double ( d ) topology : linear ( ii ) molecule type : cdna ( xi ) sequence description : seq id no : 16 : aacgaattccccccgaggcttaagccgcg29__________________________________________________________________________
the invention relates to regulators of ucp2 gene transcription , including novel ucp2 transcriptional promoters . ucp2 gene promoters are used in diagnosis and pharmaceutical development . in particular , transfected cells comprising ucp2 gene promoters operably linked to a reporter are used in high - throughput pharmaceutical screens .