the problems in the state of the art are preferably solved by the present invention to the effect that it is possible to set the ability for expansion of the hardening cement paste by variation in the admixture of strontium salts . in tests , as shown in the examples , it is namely shown that the ability for expansion of the cement mixture , the main phase of which is the magnesium ammonium phosphate in the hardened state , decreases with increasing weight portion of strontium salts in the total powder mixture . consequently , with this invention a material for endodontology may be provided , which also has an expandable property in addition to adequate mechanically loadable stability . an object of this invention is to provide a material for bone replacement , for bone augmentation and bone regeneration , which may be resorbed in a limited time and the resistance to pressure of which may decrease adapted to the regeneration requirements of the body . another object of the invention to provide a material that may be created , prepared and modeled under normal temperature conditions , preferably body temperature , in other words a cement . it is characteristic of the material provided , that it may additionally be adjusted by the intensity of the degree of sintering of the mg 3 ( po 4 ) 2 introduced in its processing time , in particular at room temperature , wherein the rate of solubility on the surface of these particles is controlled by the degree of sintering and the density of the mg 3 ( po 4 ) 2 used resulting therefrom , so that the precipitation of the ca / mg / phosphate compound settling out necessary for solidification may be controlled . furthermore , it is the object of this invention to provide a phosphate cement having partial solubility , preferably due to the slow solubility of the magnesium ammonium phosphate apatite structure ( cement ). furthermore , it is the object of the present invention to describe a reaction process , which leads to the formation of a magnesium ammonium phosphate cement from a number of individual components and which hardens in a clinically acceptable time at room and / or body temperature . furthermore , it is the object of the present invention to provide a material which becomes adequately hard and stable in a clinically acceptable time and which has a strong ability for adhesion to mineralized surfaces . furthermore , the object of the invention is the material disclosed according to the invention which is characterized by a strong ability for adhesion to metallic surfaces . furthermore , it is the object of the present invention to provide a resorbable cement , which can be injected in the form of a mixed paste . one aspect of this invention is that the end product consists of a powder mixture having a molar ca / p ratio in the range from 1 . 00 to 1 . 50 . ( p represents orthophosphate ). in addition , it is essential that the molar ratio mg / p ratio of this powder mixture includes the range from 0 to 1 . 00 . in order to mix and to shape a cement paste , which hardens within an acceptable time , these powder mixtures must be adequately reactive . in order to achieve this , a further aspect of this invention is to mix the powder mixtures with suitable quantities of slightly basic ( 7 & lt ; ph & lt ; 12 ), aqueous solutions of soluble ionic constituents , such as for example : na 3 po 4 , k 2 co 3 and / or na 2 co 3 in combination with ( nh 4 ) 2 hpo 4 . a further feature of this invention is that granular but granular solids which are thus slightly soluble in the bodily fluid are admixed to the hardening cement paste , so that after settling - out thereof , a microporous to macroporous pore system results . a further aspect of this invention is that these cements reach their maximum solidity within a few hours . a further feature of this invention lies in the ability for expansion of the cement during setting . the expansivity is determined or adjusted by the relative proportion of an admixed strontium salt . a further feature of this invention is that the hardened cement consists of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate . a further feature of this invention is that the initial hardening time of the cement may be set at 1 to 40 minutes and the final hardening time at 2 . 5 to 60 minutes . ( according to astm c266 - 89 ) a further feature of this invention is that the cement may reach a maximum compressive strength of over 50 mpa . a further feature of this invention is that the cement paste can be injected before reaching the initial hardening time . a further feature of this invention is that the cement paste may serve as excipient for other materials which are not ca , mg and / or phosphate . for example zno , pharmaceutical active ingredients ( antibiotics , cytostatic agents , growth factors ) or other bioactive substances . further features and advantages of the invention can be seen from the description of exemplary embodiments . p = powder mixture l = liquid up = liquid / powder ratio in ml / g t i = initial hardening time ( according to astm standard c266 - 89 , gilmoore needle ) t f = final ( end ) hardening time ( according to astm standard c266 - 89 , gilmoore needle ) d ( x h )= compressive strength in mpa after x hours storage in 0 . 9 % strength nacl solution at 37 ° c . production : after weighing out all constituents , the powder mixture is homogenized in a ball mill for about 20 minutes . 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 6 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 5 g mgso 4 • 7h 2 o 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 14 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 2 g mg ( oh ) 2 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 16 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 3 g na ( po 4 ) 3 • 12h 2 o 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 14 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 2 g zno 45 g cahpo 4 • 2 h 2 o + 14 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 6 g mg ( oh ) 2 45 g cahpo 4 • 2 h 2 o + 14 g caco 3 + 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 16 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 5 g β - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 16 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 5 g β - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 16 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 5 g β - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 0 . 8 g srco 3 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 8 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 2 g ( nh 4 ) 2 so 4 + 2 g kh 2 po 4 + 3 . 5 g srco 3 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 8 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 4 g ( nh 4 ) h 2 po 4 + 1 g srco 3 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 17 . 4 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 7 g ( nh 4 ) 2 so 4 + 1 . 7 g srco 3 60 g α - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 20 g cahpo 4 + 8 g caco3 + 1 g 60 g β - ca 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 17 . 4 g mghpo 4 • 3h 2 o + 1 . 7 g srco 3 60 g α - tcp + 34 . 8 g mghpo 4 × 3h 2 o + 13 . 2 g ( nh 4 ) so 4 60 g α - tcp + 16 g mghpo 4 × 3h 2 o + 5 g β - tcp + 20 g nacl p = 60 g α - tcp + 6 g mg 3 ( po 4 ) 2 + 10 g kh 2 po 4 + 5 g β - tcp while the above is a complete description of the preferred embodiments of the invention , various alternatives , modifications , and equivalents may be used . therefore , the above description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention which is defined by the appended claims .
this invention relates to a cement , which comprises in its main phase of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate and nanoapatite after hardening and thus at the same time has considerable strength . the material is biologically degradable and is suitable for application in tooth cements , as bone replacement , as bone filler , as bone cement or as bone adhesive .