a specific embodiment of the present invention will now be described , by way of example only , with reference to the accompanying drawings , in which : fig1 shows a cut - away diagram of the apparatus used in accordance with the present invention ; fig2 is a photograph of a chopping blade arrangement used in the apparatus shown in fig1 ; and fig3 is a photograph of the interior of the apparatus showing two chopping blades as shown in fig2 . with reference to fig1 to 3 , there is shown a plough shear mixer 10 briefly comprising a generally cylindrical vessel 12 having a single horizontal shaft 14 which is rotatable ( in the direction indicated by arrow 116 in fig3 ) through the centre of the vessel . a number of plough shaped paddles 16 , extend outwardly from the shaft 14 , to a position close to the interior surface of the vessel 12 so that when the shaft rotates , the paddles run close to the interior surface and sweep across the majority of the whole inner surface of the vessel . the exterior surface of the vessel 12 is covered by a number of jackets 18 which are divided into different sections , through which fluids can flow so as to heat and cool the vessel during operation . the vessel 12 has a dust collector dome 20 extending vertically upright from a central location in the vessel . the dome 20 is formed as a cylindrical extension . the dome 20 terminates with a removable cover plate 22 and has an outlet 24 which can connect to a vacuum system and a dust handling system ( not shown ) for the processing of dust 28 and the dome 20 also accommodates inlet valves 26 for liquid constituents . the mixer 10 may also have a cooling tower ( or other arrangement ) ( not shown ) for removing condensate from the mixture . at the base of vessel 12 , there is provided a discharge valve 30 which is used to discharge of finished product from the vessel 12 . the shaft 14 is driven by a motor 32 . the rotation of the shaft 14 within the vessel 12 is facilitated by means of mechanical shaft seals 34 , 36 located within end caps 38 , 40 which are disposed at either end of the vessel 12 . the mechanical shaft seals 34 , 36 have water flowing through them under pressure , so as to cool and lubricate the seal faces . the seals are protected by temperature , pressure and may also include flow level switches if desired . the vessel 12 also has an additional solid constituent inlet 42 , extending vertically from the vessel , through which powdered and solid constituents 44 can be inserted into the vessel 12 . in use , the plough shear mixer 10 is used to produce a dried malted beverage product from the various constituents . generally speaking , bulk solids ( cocoa powder , skimmed milk powder / whey powder / dairy cream , salt and flavours ) are mixed together and fed into the vessel 12 , with bulk liquids ( water , malt extract , caramelised sugar syrup , flavours , soya lecithin ) are added to the vessel and mixed together so as to form a mixture . during addition , the motor 32 is used to rotate the shaft 14 and in doing so , the agitator paddles 16 thoroughly mix the constituents together . the vessel 12 is substantially sealed during mixing as it is sealed at both ends via the end caps 38 , 40 and the shaft 14 freely rotates within the mechanical face seals 34 , 36 . a sugar solution is then added to the vessel and mixed in with the mixture . during the mixing , the jackets 18 are heated with a hot fluid ( such as water or steam ) to a particular temperature so as to heat the mixture . the vapour forms in the dome 20 and the vapour 28 it is removed via the outlet 24 for further processing by means of the vapour handling system ( which will be described in greater detail below ). after granulation has occurred , the powder is cooled and discharged via the discharge valve 30 for further processing / storage / shipment . to facilitate cleaning and servicing , the cover plate 22 on the dome is removable so as to allow entry to the interior of the vessel 12 . the interior of the apparatus 10 also incorporates rotary chopping blade assemblies 100 which are shown in greater detail in the photograph in fig2 . the chopping blade assembly 100 briefly comprises a rotatable shaft 102 which defines a longitudinal axis , from which a number of blade elements 104 extend . the blade elements 104 are in a stacked arrangement and each element resembles a twin blade propeller having leading cutting edges 106 and non - cutting trailing edges 108 . each blade element 104 is stacked above on another on the shaft 102 such that the cutting edges 106 of adjacent elements do not overlap and the stack forms four rows of cutting edges extending in a perpendicular arrangement from the longitudinal axis . the shaft 102 runs through the centre of each blade element and is attached at one end to a blade motor 110 , whereas a nut 112 at secures the opposite end of the shaft secures the blade elements 114 thereto . in use , at the appropriate time , the blade motor 110 is turned on so as to rotate the chopper blades 104 in a clockwise direction 114 which acts to break lumps in the mixture and help to effect granulation and arrive at the correct bulk density in final product . the chopping blades 104 are only actuated after the liquid constituents are added to the mixture . the reactor 10 is an extremely effective and the incorporation of ingredients is accomplished in a shorter time when compared to conventional apparatus which requires separate mixing and processing vessels . a batch of the dried malted beverage was produced using a single plough shear mixer 10 . firstly , recipe quantities of the dry ingredients ( malt extract powder ; cocoa powder ; caramelised sugar solution ( css ) powder ; vitamin mix ; mineral mix ; ethyl vanillin ( ev ) powder ; and maltodextrin were mixed together so as to provide a powder mix . before inserting the powder mix into the plough shear mixer , hot water was circulated in the hot water jacket 18 . the jacket water temperature was at around 65 - 75 ° c . after the correct temperature of the jacket 18 was attained , the shaft 14 was rotated and the dry ingredients inserted through a solid constituent inlet 44 . a rotary chopping blade 100 inside the mixer was switch the vacuum pump was turned on and connected to the mixer . a vacuum in that range of 1 - 20 kpa was found to be sufficient for the process . the batch was mixed for about 10 minutes and the rpm of the shaft 14 maintained at about 60 - 70 . the recipe weight of sugar had previously been dissolved in the recipe amount of water so as to form a solution and liquid glucose also added to the sugar solution . the solution was then heated to between 105 ° c . and 125 ° c . and moisture content modified or maintained in the range of 5 % to 30 %. before the sugar solution was added to the plough shear mixer 10 , the vacuum was released ( to enable insertion of the solution into the vessel ) and the vessel charged with the sugar solution via the inlet valve 26 . however , recent tests have indicated that adding the sugar solution under a lowered pressure vacuum will also produce a satisfactory product . the hot solution was charged into the mixer while both the fan and the plough were running . this ensured that the solution was sprayed uniformly all over the batch . after the addition of the solution , the vacuum was once again connected and mixing continued for another 15 - 20 minutes . the vacuum was then released and the vacuum pump stopped . the chopper 100 and shaft 14 were stopped and the discharge valve 30 at the bottom of the vessel opened and the batch collected . the product was cooled to less than 30 ° c . before being packed . table 1 below shows the approximate ranges of dry weight of the final dried malted beverage composition . a beverage product was manufactured to a recipe comprising 65 % wt malt extract power , 20 % wt cocoa powder , traces % wt of ev powder , salt , vitamin mix , mineral mix , 2 % wt cs powder , 4 % wt maltodextrin and 8 % wt sugar solution . the resultant dried malted beverage had the same good taste and texture profiles when mixed with hot or cold water or milk as existing products and the use of a single plough shear mixer enabled production costs to be reduced . a number of benefits were obtained by using a sugar solution rather than crystalline sugar . the use of a sugar solution ensures that the moisture required for the optimal flavour , taste and uniform colour development is available — as opposed to a simple dry mix process , and the flavour is in the zone reasonably close to the traditional oven process . with at least one other ingredient being more hygroscopic than sugar ( example malt powder ), the sugar tends to crystallize fast enough and drive moisture away from sugar . the use of optimal temperature and pressure conditions results in very fast drying & amp ; granulation of the powder mix . it is believed that the moisture from the sugar solution acts as a binding agent for granulation and also supports development of ( a ) homogeneous colour and ( b ) flavour development . a further batch of the dried malted beverage was produced using the single plough shear mixer 10 in an almost identical protocol as described in example 1 . however , crystalline sugar was used in place of a liquid sugar and this crystalline sugar was included during the initial dry ingredient mixing stage . the resultant dried malted beverage had comparable taste and texture profiles when mixed with hot water or milk as existing products and the use of a single plough shear mixer enabled production costs to be greatly reduced . the foregoing embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection afforded by the claims , but rather to describe examples of how the invention may be put into practice .
a process for preparing a dried malted beverage product . the process comprises : a ) mixing together solid and liquid constituents of the beverage product in a single vessel so as to form a mixture ; b ) subjecting the mixture in the vessel to heat at a lowered pressure so as to effect drying and granulation of the mixture and form the dried malted beverage product ; and c ) discharging the dried malted beverage product from the vessel . the process is carried out in a single vessel for mixing , drying and granulation . suitable solid constituents include one or more selected from malt extract powder , maltodextrin , cocoa powder , milk powder / dairy creams , whey powder , salt , flavours , natural colours and mixtures thereof . suitable liquid constituents include one or more selected from water , malt extract , caramelised sugar syrup , natural colours , flavours , soya lecithin , maltodextrin , and mixtures thereof .