before presenting the details of my invention , i would first make the following definition of terms : &# 34 ; footwear base &# 34 ; shall mean the ground - contacting part of a strap - on cleat frame , shoe , boot , etc ., of varying thickness whether or not hollow ; &# 34 ; encased &# 34 ; shall mean housed or substantially enclosed within ; and , &# 34 ; extend &# 34 ; and &# 34 ; project &# 34 ; root words shall have the same connotation irrespective of grammatical usage . referring now to fig1 the invention 10 is shown in plan , encased in a footwear base 12 , which is preferably cast but may consist in a covered frame of say , high density plastic or metal . i will not digress into means for making the footwear base since a great deal is already known in the art or / and incorporated by reference . locking and transmission subassemblies are situated predominantly in the heel portion of the base , the parts thereof being now disclosed sequentially beginning with the mechanism actuating knob 14 with integral collar 18 . the collar 18 is set on shaft 20 by means of screw 16 and passed through u bracket 22 , coil spring 23 , keeper plate 24 and backer plate 25 which is assembled with bolts 17 ( not clearly shown ) and nuts 19 . the aforesaid parts , items 17 and 19 - 25 comprise , for the most part , the bearing unit for the shaft 20 as well as the keeper mechanism for key 21 ( not shown ). this keeper - bearing mechanism is permanently fixed or set into the footwear base matrix or casting . shaft 20 exits the keeper - bearing assembly passing through bushing b1 ( not itemized ) into the rear portion of hollow inner cylinder 26 which , with its bushing cylinder 28 , that is also firmly fixed to or set in the footwear base comprises the critical dual cylinder or cylinder pair which is fundamental to the motion translation process that i use in my invention . as will be disclosed hereinafter , the cylinder pair 26 , 28 , with internal mechanisms , converts the rotary motion applied to the shaft 20 to a reciprocative motion effected by bolt 30 , which is inserted into the inner cylinder 26 . hereinafter , inner cylinder 26 will take on the nomenclature &# 34 ; slotted cylinder 26 &# 34 ; as discussion ensues as to the internal mechanisms of this dual cylinder apparatus . to this point , the plan view of fig1 has been addressed ; however , the reader is urged to consider fig2 an elevational view of the fig1 apparatus for the remainder of this discussion concerning the overall invention assembly 10 . the reciprocative motion or force effected by bolt 30 is coupled to link shaft 32 and immediately to the forwardmost spike mechanism by the link assembly la . the connection of the link shaft 32 to both bolt 30 and link assembly la is by way of link pins 39 , seen throughout this apparatus . from linking point la the motion and force transmission digresses to the apparatus contained in the heel and also forward in the footwear base to the sole portion . the first power take - off is at the forwardmost spike roller mechanism of the heel . reciprocative motion derived from the bolt 30 is transferred to a pivotally connected lever 36 and from there to a roller bar 38 in which the lever 36 is firmly fixed . the roller bar 38 rotates in sleeve bushing 40 , thus effecting a roller type fulcrum . proximate one of the ends of the forwardmost heel roller assembly is another lever 36 lying in the same plane as the aforementioned lever with respect to the roller bar 38 . this is the only roller bar on which two or more levers 36 are seen to appear . at this point , the remaining heel roller assembly typifies the remaining roller assembly found in the sole of the shoe : lever 36 is linked by link pin 39 to short shaft 35 which is , in turn , connected to another lever by a similar link pin 39 which motivates a second of the heel - disposed roller bar 38 . by concatenating lever 36 ends with succeeding short shafts 35 via link pins 39 , the aforementioned apparatus may be used to gang as many roller assemblies as required . this is clearly seen in fig1 and 2 in respect of the area forward of the heel portion , generally termed the sole portion . there , main shaft 34 duplicates the heel roller bar assembly in every respect . referring specifically to fig2 roller bars 38 residing in their tubular bushings 40 are seen in a sectional elevation taken at 2 -- 2 of fig1 . the reader will note that portions of the footwear base 12 are provided cut out ports 13 which , according to a manufacture &# 39 ; s desire , may be disposed as treads in the sole and heel of the base . as mentioned earlier , since the tubular bushings 40 are fixed to or in the footwear base , a small increment of the bushing length and arcuate surface must be opened to allow a depending spike 42 to translate between the positions shown in fig2 that is between the projected or extended position shown in solid illustration and the retracted , shown in phantom . this increment is denoted by i as seen in the spike apparatus ( also fig3 ). having described or defined , in fig1 and 2 , all visible features , i will now discuss the main parts of the spike assembly apparatus with reference to the exploded illustration of fig3 . as in fig1 the description in detail of fig3 begins at the rearmost portion of the spike assembly apparatus beginning with knob 14 secured to rotatable shaft 20 through the collar 18 securing mechanism 15 , 16 . the rectangular key 21 is secured to the shaft 20 by pin p1 . pin p2 seen at the left end of shaft 20 , rearward of slot g4 , is placed in the shaft before any further assembly . the functions of p2 and g4 will be explained later . using machine bolts 17 , u bracket 22 , biasing coil spring 23 , base plate 24 , retaining plate 25 and nuts 19 , the locking and rotational force application subassembly is assembled as shown and fixed in the matrix of the footwear base . bushing b1 is placed at the end of the shaft 20 which protrudes from the locking subassembly toward the left of the illustration ( which is the &# 34 ; forward &# 34 ; direction of apparatus appearance ). a motion translation ( conversion ) subassembly , consisting of a slotted 27 rotatable cylinder 26 is hollowed so that an essentially round bar 30 may slide therethrough . an outer cylinder , a bushing cylinder 28 , is fitted over the slotted cylinder 26 and fixed also in the footwear matrix to act as a bushing for the slotted cylinder . the bar 30 is fitted with pin p3 at its rearmost end such that the tips of pin p3 protrude from the surface of the bar to the extent that the ends will comfortably fit into the slots 27 of the inner slotted cylinder 26 . thus , as cylinder 26 is caused to rotate in its bushing 28 , the ends of pin p3 , being constrained to remain in a vertical position as shown , are drawn by the helical slots 27 of cylinder 26 in reciprocative fashion to the left or right ( forward or rearward ) as is apparent from the illustration . at this point , the reader must realize that the sizing of parts in all illustrations are not totally accurate , but rather presented as they are for the purposes of exposition and to impart ease of understanding . some of the minor parts and details are not herein enumerated , but will be discussed later during explanation of the remaining drawings . the leftmost portion of the fig3 illustration typifies the transmission network by which the reciprocating force resulting from movement of round bar 30 is conveyed via link shaft 32 to other link shafts , main shaft 34 and to the roller bar ( fulcrum ) assembly 38 , 40 via levers 36 and link pins 39 . finally , in the fig3 illustration , a single spike 42 is shown with its apparent disposition in roller bar 38 , a portion of which is exposed , as the increment i , through roller bushing 40 . a spike removal / insertion tool 50 is isometrically illustrated and is self explanatory . fig4 is an isometric , exploded illustration of the apparatus lying predominantly in the heel portion and is provided in order to explain the function of pin p2 and slot or groove g2 . as before , the reader is cautioned not to seek accuracy in the size and shape of the elements presented herein since they are presented for illustrative purposes only . forward of the locking and force application subassembly , rotational shaft 20 ( also termed &# 34 ; key shaft &# 34 ;) is slotted and pinned at its foremost end . the pin p2 has ends which protrude from the surface of the shaft 20 . cylinder 26 is either fitted with an adapting cylinder 26 &# 39 ; or , if suitable , its interior is longitudinally grooved g2 to receive the protruding ends of pin p2 . it is this pin and groove combination which allows rotational motion and force of shaft 20 to be transferred to the inner cylinder 26 . the purpose for slot g4 will be understood later during the discussion of fig8 . during the discussion of fig2 there was pointed out the two positions to which the spikes of the invention may be driven . fig5 a and 6b carry this disclosure a bit further and the reader may readily discern the placement of parts and sections of the spike rotation apparatus as formerly enumerated . moving to fig7 there is depicted an elevational view of key shaft 20 , bearing the rectangular key 21 device , pin p2 and with slot g4 and screw 16 -- receiving hole 15 &# 39 ;. whereas fig1 illustrated the components to which , and with which , the fig7 device was connected , fig8 a cross section of the dual cylinder motion translation subassembly , better illustrates the functional relationship between the shaft 20 and itself . in fig8 bushing cylinder 28 cylindrically envelopes slotted cylinder 26 . an adaptive cylinder 26 &# 39 ;, integral with slotted cylinder 26 provides grooving g2 and the necessary inner diameter to accept the left end of shaft 20 as shown in fig7 . the exposed ends of pin fitted in grooves g2 , are the primary guidance and force transfer mechanism between the shaft 20 and the inner slotted cylinder 26 ; the duo assure alignment between p4 / g4 . during locked modes of the invention , slot g4 of shaft 20 resides over and captures pin p4 , which bisects and is securely fixed in slotted cylinder 26 . thus , when in a locked mode , that is , shaft 20 bearing fixed key 21 spring biased forwardly so that key 21 resides in keeper aperture k , the locking assembly securely captures pin p4 and prevents any further movement of the slotted cylinder 26 . forward of the fig8 apparatus , the dual cylinder motion translation means is shown in cross section at fig9 . therein , bushing cylinder 28 cylindrically envelopes slotted cylinder 26 which contains therein bolt 30 . bolt 30 , transfixed by pin p3 is constrained from rotational movement by residence of pin p3 in the 0 °- 180 ° longitudinally disposed grooves g5 in bushing cylinder 28 . regressing somewhat to the locking assembly , fig1 , taken at 10 -- 10 of fig2 is a sectional elevation of the key and keeper device of the invention . the essential part , key 21 of shaft 20 is seen residing in keeper aperture k of keeper plate 24 . the pin depicted is p2 , which is superimposed illustratively over pin p1 . the reader will recall that pin p2 ( from fig7 ) is a most essential device in that its communication in groove g2 of the slotted cylinder apparatus 26 , 26 &# 39 ; is necessary to assure rotational motion force transfer from shaft 20 to the slotted cylinder 26 . although i have described my invention in a generalized footwear base , the routineer will recognize that its applications , namely the moving of a translational shaft by rotary motion is not restricted solely to the disclosed embodiments . it should also be realized that the footwear base may serve as a strap - on &# 34 ; ice walker &# 34 ; or &# 34 ; creeper &# 34 ;, as well as the sub - sole or ground - contacting sole of a shoe or boot . having defined in detail the working embodiment of my invention , i would now commend its usage to those in the field who would apply it within the spirit of the instant disclosure . such use is strongly encouraged by me consistent with the hereinafter appended claims .
a projectable - retractable spike assembly for use in combination with footwear . the heel and sole of a piece of footwear encase a rotatable shaft and lock subassembly , with a motion translation device which is used to drive a network of shafts , levers and rotatable roller bars . several spikes depend from the roller bars and thus , are motivated to alternately roll out and downward from or upward and into the heel and sole of the footwear . the assembly may be either fabricated for strap - on wear or encased within heel - sole portions of a shoe or boot .