in describing preferred embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the drawings , specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity . however , the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected , and it is to be understood that each specific element includes all technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose . fig1 shows a liquid bird feeder 10 , which generally includes a liquid container 12 and a liquid tray 14 . tray 14 further includes a multiplicity of flower - like bird feeding ports 16 . fig2 shows a centrally located , cross section of bird feeder 10 including the same liquid container 12 , liquid tray 14 , and feeding ports 16 . fig2 further shows liquid container 12 to have a bottom opening 18 formed by a cylindrical extension 20 . container 12 is also shown to be otherwise closed . it should be noted that bottom opening 18 extends below an upper edge 22 of liquid tray 14 . this allows the gradual feeding of liquid from liquid container 12 into tray 14 when the liquid level within tray 14 is below the bottom opening 18 . whenever the liquid level in tray 14 is above bottom opening 18 , a vacuum created above the liquid located within liquid container 12 prevents further flow into tray 14 . this is a normal liquid level for enabling bird feeding . liquid tray 14 includes bottom port 30 which passes through liquid tray 14 and is vertically aligned with bottom opening 18 . port 30 is closed by a valve 32 , which is constructed to either allow the filling of liquid container 12 when feeder 10 is in an inverted position or to allow the normal flow of liquid into tray 14 when feeder is in an upright position . valve 32 closes port 30 by means of a seal 34 . also shown in fig2 is a cover 38 for liquid tray 14 that is located between liquid container 12 and tray 14 . feeding ports 16 are mounted in cover 38 and are shown to have lower ends 16 a which extend below bottom opening 18 and thus below the normal liquid level which would be maintained at or about bottom opening 18 . when feeder 10 is inverted for filling , cover 38 has sufficient volume to contain the liquid from tray 14 and thus spillage is prevented . in this inverted position , the ends 16 a normally extend above the normal liquid level to be expected . optionally , the top 38 a of cover 38 may include a seal of any suitable nature with which container 12 or top 38 a may be sealed during construction of feeder 10 to prevent any seepage . fig3 shows an exploded view of bird feeder 10 . liquid tray 14 also includes a cylindrical collar 40 , which forms the bottom port 30 ( fig2 ). cylindrical collar 40 includes female thread 42 adapted to mate with a male thread 44 located on cylindrical extension 20 . when tray 14 is attached to container 12 in this manner , tray cover 38 is squeezed therebetween . cylindrical collar 40 also includes a port 46 located in its side wall . valve 32 is also shown in fig3 with a cylindrical construction 47 having lateral port 49 . in reference to fig2 , when valve 32 closes port 30 , the alignment of ports 46 and 49 allows liquid to flow from liquid container 12 into liquid tray 14 . fig4 and 5 show bottom views of liquid tray 14 which differ in that valve 32 is located in respective opened and closed positions . tray 14 is shown to include a concave depression 52 which is adapted to work as a funnel for liquid being poured into feeder 10 . concave depression 52 is shown to fully contain a grip or handle 53 for valve 32 . in the open position of fig4 , a space 54 is provided between seal 34 and tray 14 . this allows liquid poured into depression 52 to flow into liquid container 12 . in fig5 , valve 32 is shown in a closed position with no similar space shown adjacent to seal 34 . the variation in the vertical position between tray 14 and valve 32 with the rotation of valve 32 can be caused by any suitable thread arrangement , such as thread follower 51 ( fig3 ) on valve 32 and a corresponding thread or channel ( not shown ) on the inside surface of cylindrical extension 40 . any suitable valve design may be used . functionally , container 12 is connected to tray 14 when valve 32 is closed , and container 12 is connected to port 30 and not tray 14 when valve 32 is open . fig6 shows a cross sectional view of an alternate valve or stopper 60 , being used to close the bottom of port 30 a . liquid tray 14 a is shown to include an additional cylindrical collar 62 , which is aligned with and extends into bottom opening 18 a of cylindrical extension 20 a . the outer diameter 62 a of cylindrical collar 62 is smaller than the inner diameter 20 b of cylindrical extension 20 a and bottom opening 18 a . stopper 60 is intended for complete removal from tray 14 a when liquid feed is poured through bottom port 30 a of tray 14 a . thus , liquid feed flows directly through cylindrical extension 20 a and it does not enter liquid tray 14 a . tray 14 a includes a concave depression 64 to act as a funnel . thus , when stopper 60 closes port 30 a , as shown in fig6 , and the feeder is turned upright , liquid is allowed to flow through extension 20 a , around the outside of cylindrical collar 62 and through port 46 a into tray 14 a . any suitable means may be used to secure stopper 60 in port 30 a against a washer 34 a , including a threaded engagement sufficient to maintain a liquid seal . thus , the present invention provides a liquid bird feeder which is well adapted for refilling , while minimizing spillage of residual liquid feed . it is now apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments , improvements , details , and uses can be made consistent with the letter and spirit of the foregoing disclosure and within the scope of this patent , which is limited only by the following claims , construed in accordance with the patent law , including the doctrine of equivalents .
a liquid bird feeder provides a liquid container having a bottom opening , a liquid tray adapted to attach to the liquid container and adapted to immerse the bottom opening in liquid . the liquid tray includes a bottom port passing through the liquid tray and vertically aligned with the bottom opening , and a valve mechanism adapted to selectively couple the bottom port of the liquid tray to the bottom opening for filling purposes , or to close the bottom port and couple the bottom opening to the liquid tray for supplying liquid from the liquid container to the liquid tray .