referring now to the drawings , fig1 shows one embodiment of a typical milking system in which the present invention is designed to be incorporated . where necessary , pan numbers will be printed , double - primed , etc ., to designate identical but separate pans . the milking unit includes a milking claw 21 , short milk tubes ( 7 , 7 &# 39 ;, 7 &# 34 ;, 7 &# 39 ;&# 34 ;), which are attached to inflations 15 , which in turn are attached to the teats 13 of the utter 3 of the cow 1 . one end of the long milk hose 17 is connected to the milking claw 21 and the other end is connected to the milk line 10 . fig2 is an enlarged view of the milking claw 21 in the milking orientation . the short air tubes ( 23 , 23 &# 39 ;, 23 &# 34 ;, 23 &# 34 ;&# 39 ;) lead from the pulsation chambers in the teatcup assembly to an airfork 25 on the claw 21 . the long air hose 29 is connected to the airfork 25 and to a source of alternating ( ambient to system vacuum ) impulses to induce and maintain proper milk flow . the milk claw 21 includes a plurality of ferrules 37 and a rigid milk outlet 30 . the ferrules 37 are positioned in the body 22 of the claw 21 and operatively connected to the main chamber 27 and to the short milk tubes 7 . fig3 shows the milking claw in the washing or sanitizing orientation . in this orientation , washing and sanitizing solutions can be circulated through wash cups 32 which are attached to the teatcup assemblies 33 , through the inflations 15 and the short milk tubes 7 to clean the insides of the assembly . solutions continue to flow through the milk entry port 30 in the milking claw 27 into the long milk hose 17 . in some systems , the circulation process occurs in the reverse of the aforementioned sequence . fig4 , and 6 show side , rear , and top views , respectively , of a commercially available milking claw , without any tubes attached , and modified in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention . more specifically , the modification involves forming an aperture 45 , 45 &# 39 ;, 45 &# 34 ;, 45 &# 34 ;&# 39 ; in each of the ferrules 37 , 37 &# 39 ;, 37 &# 34 ;, 37 &# 34 ;&# 39 ;. fig7 and 8 show a milking claw ferrule 37 separated from the milking claw 21 . the ferrule 37 is made of a cylindrical tube 41 , and a first end 31 which is attachable to the housing 22 of the claw 21 . the ferrule 37 is fixed to the milking claw by welding . a second end 39 has an outlet opening 47 being defined by an edge 48 at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis 38 so that a portion of the wall 52 faces the inlet opening 47 . note that wall portion 52 is part of tube 41 . the wall portion 52 has at least one aperture 45 , which faces the outlet opening 47 . the short milk tubes 7 are applied over the outside of the second end 39 and forced along the outside length of the ferrule until a prescribed placement is reached . fig8 shows the same ferrule as shown in fig7 but fig8 is a view looking down on the ferrule and into the opening 47 . the aperture 45 and wall portion 52 can be seen through the opening 47 . fig9 shows a side view of a milking claw in a milking orientation . two of the four ferrules 37 and 37 &# 34 ;&# 39 ; are shown . one ferrule 33 is encased in the sectioned end of a short milk tube 7 . fig1 shows a close - up view of an outwardly and upwardly disposed branch unit 33 made up of a ferrule 37 and short milk tube 7 ( cross - sectional ). the milking claw 21 of the milking unit in a milking orientation . when the milking claw is disposed in the milking orientation , the ferrules 37 extend upwardly . the second end 39 of the ferrule fits snugly within the lumen 42 of the short milk tube 7 . milk flow proceeds from the inflations ( not shown ), through a pressure area p2 in the tube and through the ferrule opening 47 to a lower pressure area p1 in the ferrule 37 and milking claw 21 . in the milking orientation , the short milk tube forms a bend as indicated by the reference numeral 53 . the region of the short milk tube around the ferrule outer tip 40 is severely angularly strained and distorted because the tubes are holding the weight of the claw . this causes a separation and therefore a debris pocket 57 to form between the outer surface of the ferrule and the inner surface 51 of the short milk tube 7 . the debris pocket encircles the outer surface of the extended tip of the ferrule and opens into and communicates with the lumen of the tube through openings 66 and 67 , best shown in fig1 . fig1 shows a view looking into the ferrule opening 47 , with a cross - sectional cut of the short milk tube 7 to show the distortions and short milk tube - ferrule separation that causes openings 66 and 67 to form debris pocket 57 . note that the pocket 57 could be continuous from one side 66 , around the bottom or back of the ferrule , to the other side 67 . contamination can enter the pocket 57 through the pocket openings 66 and 67 . when the aperture 45 is not formed in the wall of the ferrule , stale milk and other debris accumulate on the outer surface 51 of the ferrule 37 . the area of major accumulation is shown as stippled in fig2 , 21 , and 22 . this area approximates the part of the ferrule wall that defines the debris pocket 57 . the presence of an aperture 45 of the present invention causes milk flow through the pocket and essentially eliminates accumulation in the debris pocket . fig1 is similar to fig9 in that the milking claw 21 is in the milking orientation . however , fig1 represents the orientation in which the teatcup assembly 15 is removed from the cow and fie teatcup and the short milk tube 7 are allowed to hang down over the ferrule 37 . as shown in more detail in fig1 , the weight of the teatcup assembly and the short milk tube 7 , and the shape of the short milk tube 7 open up the pocket so that the pocket becomes an open crevice . this crevice provides an additional means by which sediment and milk residue can enter and remain in the pocket , but this accumulation is avoided by the presence of the aperture . in the preferred embodiment design , the aperture is positioned so that , when the short milk tube is in this position , the inside wall of the short milk tube seals the aperture , thus maintaining the reduced pressure inside the claw . fig1 shows the milk claw 21 upside down with the short milk tube 7 hanging down . the aperture 45 of the present invention forms a passageway between the debris pocket 57 and the interior of the ferrule 37 . this is the orientation of the milking claw when it is flushed out with washing and sanitizing solutions . as the washing and sanitizing solutions flow through the short milk tube 7 and through the ferrule , the flow is automatically diverted through the aperture and pocket , thereby constantly washing the debris from the pocket . fig1 and 17 show the same ferrule as in fig7 and 8 , but with a variation in the orientation of the aperture 145 . whereas long axis of the orientation in fig7 and 8 is lateral ( perpendicular to the ferrule axis ), the long axis in fig1 and 17 is longitudinal ( parallel to the ferrule axis ). fig1 and 19 show the same ferrule as in fig7 and 8 , but with a variation in the design of aperture 245 and 246 . the ferrule apertures 245 and 246 are similar in position to the aperture 45 except that they are separated by a bridge 250 . the bridge 250 provides structural reinforcement of the ferrule for situations where a slot - type aperture , like aperture 45 , may unacceptably weaken the ferrule . this weakening of the ferrule is primarily of concern if the claw falls off the animal and is stepped on by the animal . the pocket cleaning effects of the eddy currents caused by the apertures are not significantly reduced by the bridge 250 . the action by which the aperture 45 substantially eliminates accumulation of debris in the pocket 57 occurs throughout the milking and cleaning process . during the milking process , the flow of milk through the openings 66 and 67 , pocket 57 and the aperture 45 , and turbulence of eddy current around those structures , constantly flushes out accumulation with fresh milk . this eliminates the long residence time that debris spends in the pocket and thereby eliminates build up of debris in the pocket which , in turn , results in little or no bacteria multiplication . this same flushing effect allows the washing and sanitizing solutions of the normal cleaning cycle to effectively clean out debris from the pocket far more effectively than can be accomplished without the aperture 45 . finally , when the milking claw is in the milking orientation with the short milk tube 7 hanging down , the aperture 45 tends to neutralize physical forces that might draw milk up into the pocket 45 , thereby reducing potential accumulations in the pocket . further modifications of the invention herein disclosed will occur to persons skilled in the art and all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims .
a modified milking machine claw having ferrules or connectors with an aperture in the surface of each ferrule to allow complete sanitation of milk lines and removal of debris from pockets between the ferrule and the tube lumen of short milk tubes .