referring to the drawings for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiment and not for limiting same , fig1 illustrates a flexible fish landing net 10 for landing fish from a elevated fishing station , such as a pier or bridge wherein the weight and size of the fish is potentially greater than the strength of the fishing tackle . as such , the net is distinguished from regular fishing nets used by sports fisherman and typically ranges in size from two to three feet or larger . the landing net 10 comprises a flexible retaining hoop 12 having a generally circular configuration in the illustrated open position , a netting 14 having top loops 16 periodically peripherally threaded over the retaining hoop 12 and depending therebelow , and a lifting rigging 18 attached at three circumferentially spaced locations to the hoop 12 and operable for lowering and raising the net 10 from the fishing station . during the raising of the net 10 , with a larger fish carried in the netting , the load and the lifting rigging 18 are operative to cause the retaining hoop 12 to flex inwardly at three reversely bent lobes 19 to a closed position of restricted opening during raising movement , as shown in fig2 to securely retain the fish within the netting 14 and stabilizing the lifting load . referring to fig9 through 11 , for storage and transportation , the retaining hoop 12 in the open position of fig9 may be diametrically twisted into a “ figure - 8 ” position , as shown in fig1 , and inwardly collapsed to form a series of concentric subhoops 20 as shown in fig1 , thereby establishing a compact storage position . more particularly , the retaining hoop 12 is formed of an elastic material and establishes a prestressed circular condition in the open position sufficient for maintaining the continuous open profile while being insufficiently stressed or strong to resist locally inward deflection of the nodes 19 toward the closed positions shown in fig2 in the presence of a sufficiently large fish . as described in greater detail below , the retaining hoop is annealed at the inner surface by reverse bending at the attachment locations to reduce the inward loading required for establishing the nodes 19 and facilitate the inward deflection . referring to fig3 the retaining hoop 12 may be formed from an elongated single strip 30 of planar material . the strip 30 has a rectangular cross section of moderate to high aspect ratio for preventing vertical flexing about the transverse section axis while permitting the aforementioned inward deflection about the longitudinal section axis in the presence of threshold loading . an aspect ratio of height to thickness of at least 2 : 1 is satisfactory , an aspect ration in the range of 3 : 1 to 6 : 1 desirable , and an aspect ratio of about 4 : 1 preferred . a preferred material is plastic such a nylon . the strip 30 is provided with a plurality of through holes for use in assembly and rigging . a pair of fastener holes 32 are formed at each end of the strip 30 . for assembly the ends are overlapped and suitable fasteners 34 , such as nuts and bolts , are inserted through the fastener holes and tightened to fixedly establish a circular shape for the retaining hoop by flexing the strip and establishing a stressed outer skin condition therein . three evenly circumferentially and closely spaced sets of rigging holes 40 are formed along the length of the strip 30 . the rigging holes 40 in the assembled hoop are equally circumferentially spaced 120 ° apart . consistent with the above , a retaining hoop formed of nylon with a ¾ by { fraction ( 3 / 16 )} inch cross section , is effective for a 30 inch diameter hoop . the netting 14 may be formed of any suitable , commercially available material and is configured to provide a closed lower end and an open upper end 52 terminating with the end loops 16 . the end loops 16 are threaded onto the strip 30 prior to assembly and thereafter uniformly circumferentially spaced thereabout . the length of the netting is sufficient to provide ample volume for retaining targeted species and sizes of fish . the rigging 16 comprises a three - point rigging at a lower section 70 and an upper section 72 interconnected by a middle coupling section 74 . referring to fig6 through 8 , the lower section 70 includes three arms 76 . each arm 76 terminates with outwardly diverging end 77 establishing circumferentially spaced loadings at the attachment locations . the arm is sequentially threaded inwardly under the hoop along a first run , through one of the holes 40 , along the inner periphery of the hoop , and outwardly through the other hole . the free end is then knotted to establish the lengths of the ends . in the preferred embodiment , the ropes are a tubular braided polyethylene . the distal end is heat terminated and inserted into the tubular core to fix the attachment . the upper ends of the rope arms 76 are gathered and knotted to form a lifting loop at the coupling section 74 . the lower end of the upper section 72 , preferably a single strand of roping , is attached at the lifting loop with a non - slipping marine knot . under loading conditions , it bas been found as shown in fig5 that an inclination of the arms at about 45 ° to 60 ° with respect to vertical provides preferable results . under sufficient loading at the net , the inwardly directed loading forces at the lower section of the rigging will overcome the prestressing and inwardly reversely flex the hoop at the nodes 19 at the attachment locations . the nodes 19 converging toward the center of the deformed hoop , causing the hoop to assume a progressively closed position under loading conditions that exceed the threshold prestressed value . thus smaller fish raised by the landing net may be insufficient to close the net , but may nonetheless be securely upwardly raised under stable , balanced conditions . larger fish , more prone to activity , will be prevented from escape , by the flexing closure of the hoop . the flexing characteristics of the hoop are enhanced by locally annealing the hoop sections adjacent the attachment sections surrounding the holes sufficient to lower the compressive strength thereat and accommodate the reverse deflection . for the preferred nylon hoop material , the hoop sections may be annealed by reverse flexure as shown by the arrows in fig8 . such annealing has been determined to significantly reduce the net closing forces required to effect the collapse of the hoop as shown in fig2 . the nodal tendencies are also increased by the circumferentially spaced points , and by the ends 77 engaging the lower surface of the hoop and exerting further inward and upward force vectors for overcoming the residual annealed compressive strength at the inner surface and promoting the nodal buckling . the annealing of the strip may be performed either before hoop formation of after assembly , by manual or mechanical bending . a limited number of moderate bends are generally sufficient . in use , when the user has hooked a fish and desires to utilize the landing net 10 for securing and landing a fish from the elevated fishing station , the collapsed landing net is removed from the carrying container and the subhoops reversely rotated allowing the prestressing to expand the hoop 12 to the open position . the expanded net is lowered into the water and maneuvered below the fish . the rigging 18 is manually raised to capture the fish within the netting 14 in the confines of the hoop . as the net is raised above water level , the increasing loading on the rope arms 76 , in the presence of a sufficiently large fish , will inwardly deflect the hoop 12 at the node 19 narrowing the top opening and thereby securing the fish therewithin . when the fish is landed at the elevated station , the loading is released allowing the hoop to assume the open position and faciliatating safe removal of the landed fish . having thus described a presently preferred embodiment of the present invention , it will now be appreciated that the objects of the invention have been fully achieved , and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes in construction and widely differing embodiments and applications of the invention will suggest themselves without departing from the sprit and scope of the present invention . the disclosures and description herein are intended to be illustrative and are not in any sense limiting of the invention , which is defined solely in accordance with the following claims .
a fish landing net for landing heavy fish from an elevated location includes a flexible retaining hoop having a normal open position . a netting has an open end carried at the hoop periphery and a depending closed end providing an enclosure for securing and carrying the fish . a lifting rigging is attached by three outwardly and downwardly extending rope sections to the hoop for raising and lowering said hoop member at the elevated location . the hoop has an initial prestressing establishing the open position and is locally anneals at the attachment sites for permitting inwardly deforming of the periphery under loading conditions of the fish in the netting thereby resulting in an inward constricting of the hoop opening during landing of the fish .