the inventors have found that serms , such as fispemifene , antagonize the estrogen effect in the prostate and may thus be used to prevent or treat chronic nonbacterial prostatitis . similarly , lowering of estrogen concentration in the body by using aromatase inhibitors , or by using anti - estrogens , can be used to treat this condition . to show the influence of increased estrogen to testosterone ratio on chronic nonbacterial prostatitis , a first group of noble rats were treated for 6 weeks with testosterone ( t ) ( 240 ug / day ) and estradiol ( e2 ) ( 70 ug / day ), to produce a profile in the animals of normal t / high e2 . ( ratio of t / e2 was 30 in the test group compared to 150 in controls ; t concentration was 0 . 8 ng / ml compared to 1 . 5 in control ; e2 concentration 30 pg / ml compared to 10 pg / ml in controls .) the animals exhibited nonbacterial prostatitis in the absence of obstructed voiding , and normal size prostate . to show the effects of a higher ratio of estradiol , in a low testosterone milieu , noble rats were treated for 13 weeks with t ( 240 ug / d ) and e2 ( 70 ug / d ), exhibiting a profile of low t / high e2 . ( ratio of t / e2 was 1 to 10 in the test group , compared to 150 in controls ; testosterone concentration was 100 pg / ml compared to 1 . 5 ng / ml in control ; estradiol concentration was 40 - 80 pg / ml compared to 10 pg / ml in the controls .) the animals in this group exhibited chronic nonbacterial prostatitis , without significant urodynamic changes , and again in the absence of obstructed voiding . the animals exhibited small prostate , but with stromal overgrowth similar to benign prostatic hyperplasia in men . to demonstrate the effects of an elevated estradiol - to - testosterone ratio in the context of a high testosterone milieu , a third group of noble rats was treated for 13 weeks with t ( 800 ug / d ) and e2 ( 70 ug / d ). the ratio of t / e2 was 75 in the test group compared to 150 in controls . testosterone concentration was 4 . 5 ng / ml in the test group compared to 1 . 5 ng / ml in controls . the estradiol concentration was 60 pg / ml compared to 10 pg / ml in the controls ). the prostate in these animals was larger than normal , exhibiting chronic prostatitis and precancerous lesions and ductal carcinomas of the prostate , suggestive of a trend toward development of bph and prostate cancer . to demonstrate the use of an estrogen antagonist to treat chronic nonbacterial prostatitis , a fourth group of rats was treated for 3 weeks with t ( 240 ug / day ) and e2 ( 70 ug / day ), and thereafter administered 2 doses of a pure estrogen antagonist fulvestrant ( 5 mg / kg ) on the third week . fulvestrant significantly reduced the prostatitis compared to the control group treated with t and e2 only . as prostatitis can be reversed by administering an antiestrogen , the condition is seen to be estrogen dependent . to demonstrate the estrogen antagonist effect of fispemifene in the prostate , a fifth group of noble rats was castrated and treated for three weeks with fispemifene at doses of 3 , 10 and 30 mg / kg , with and without concomitant estradiol administration ( 70 ug / day ). it was observed that fispemifene was an estrogen antagonist in the prostate , and dose dependently inhibited the effect of estradiol on the prostate , measured by fra2 or pr expression , which are sensitive markers of estrogen effect . it is believed that doses of 0 . 1 to 100 mg / kg of fispemifene ( or other serm ) administered to human males by various routes including , without limitation , oral , topical , transdermal , or subcutaneous routes , will have an estrogen antagonist effect in the prostate to treat chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and / or prevent the development of bph and prostate cancer . a preferred dosage range is about 0 . 1 to about 10 . 0 mg / kg , with expected daily dosages expected to be in the range of about 100 mg to about 300 mg per person . it is believed the oral administration route is the most preferable . suitable preparation forms include for example tablets , capsules , granules , powders , suspensions , and syrups .
a method for treatment or prevention of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis in individuals without urethral sphincter dysfunction , comprises administering an effective amount of a selective estrogen receptor modulator having estrogen antagonist effect in the prostate , an aromatase inhibitor , and / or an antiestrogen .