referring now to fig1 there is shown a natural lumbar vertebra 5 comprising a natural vertebral body 10 , a pair of natural pedicles 15 extending from natural vertebral body 10 , a natural lamina 20 extending from natural pedicles 15 , a pair of natural superior facets 25 extending from natural pedicles 15 and natural lamina 20 , a pair of natural inferior facets 30 extending from natural lamina 20 , a natural spinous process 35 extending from natural lamina 20 , and a pair of natural transverse processes 40 extending from natural pedicles 15 . looking next at fig2 and 3 , there is shown a novel prosthesis 100 which is adapted to replace the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 . to this end , prosthesis 100 comprises a pair of prosthetic mounts 115 , a prosthetic lamina 120 extending from prosthetic mounts 115 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 125 extending from prosthetic mounts 115 and prosthetic lamina 120 , a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 130 extending from prosthetic lamina 120 , a prosthetic spinous process 135 extending from prosthetic lamina 120 , and a pair of prosthetic transverse processes 140 extending from prosthetic mounts 115 . in the use of prosthesis 100 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at its natural pedicles 15 so as to remove the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a pair of pedicle end surfaces 41 ( fig4 ). then the prosthesis 100 may be attached to the natural pedicles 15 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic mounts 115 against pedicle surfaces 41 and then passing screws 145 through screw holes 147 and into natural pedicles 15 , as shown in fig5 - 7 . as seen in the drawings , the relative size , shape and positioning of the prosthetic lamina 120 , the two prosthetic superior facets 125 , the two prosthetic inferior facets 130 , the prosthetic spinous process 135 , and the two prosthetic transverse processes 140 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . if desired , holes 150 may be provided in the prosthetic spinous process 135 and / or the two prosthetic transverse processes 140 so as to facilitate re - attaching soft tissue to these structures . looking next at fig8 there is shown a novel prosthesis 200 which is adapted to replace natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and natural spinous process 35 . to this end , prosthesis 200 comprises a pair of prosthetic mounts 215 , a prosthetic lamina 220 extending from prosthetic mounts 215 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 225 extending from prosthetic mounts 215 and prosthetic lamina 220 , a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 230 extending from prosthetic lamina 220 , and a prosthetic spinous process 235 extending from prosthetic lamina 220 . in the use of prosthesis 200 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at its natural pedicles 15 so as to remove the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the spinous process 35 and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a pair of pedicle surfaces 41 ( fig4 ). then the prosthesis 200 may be attached to the natural pedicles 15 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic mounts 215 against pedicle surfaces 41 and then passing screws 145 through holes 247 and into natural pedicles 15 . as seen in the drawing , the relative size , shape and positioning of prosthetic lamina 220 , the two prosthetic superior facets 225 , the two prosthetic inferior facets 230 , and the prosthetic spinous process 235 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the natural spinous process 35 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . if desired , holes 150 may be provided in the prosthetic spinous process 235 so as to facilitate re - attaching soft tissue to this structure . looking next at fig9 there is shown a novel prosthesis 300 which is adapted to replace the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 . to this end , prosthesis 300 comprises a pair of prosthetic mounts 315 , a prosthetic lamina 320 extending from prosthetic mounts 315 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 325 extending from prosthetic mounts 315 and prosthetic lamina 320 , a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 330 extending from prosthetic lamina 320 , and a pair of prosthetic transverse processes 340 extending from prosthetic mounts 315 . in the use of prosthesis 300 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at natural pedicles 15 so as to remove natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a pair of pedicle surfaces 41 ( fig4 ). then the prosthesis 300 may be attached to the natural pedicles 15 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic mounts 315 against pedicle surfaces 41 and then passing screws 145 through holes 347 and into natural pedicles 15 . as seen in the drawing , the relative size , shape and positioning of the prosthetic lamina 320 , the two prosthetic superior facets 325 , the two prosthetic inferior facets 330 , and the two prosthetic transverse processes 340 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . if desired , holes 150 may be provided in the two prosthetic transverse processes 340 so as to facilitate re - attaching soft tissue to these structures . looking next at fig1 , there is shown a novel prosthesis 400 which is adapted to replace the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , and the two natural inferior facets 30 . to this end , prosthesis 400 comprises a pair of prosthetic mounts 415 , a prosthetic lamina 420 extending from prosthetic mounts 415 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 425 extending from prosthetic mounts 415 and prosthetic lamina 420 , and a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 430 extending from prosthetic lamina 420 . in the use of prosthesis 400 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at pedicles 15 so as to remove the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a pair of pedicle surfaces 41 ( fig4 ). then the prosthesis 400 may be attached to the natural pedicles 15 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic mounts 415 against pedicle surfaces 41 and then passing screws 145 through holes 447 and into natural pedicles 15 . as seen in the drawing , the relative size , shape and positioning of prosthetic lamina 420 , the two prosthetic superior facets 425 , and the two prosthetic inferior facets 430 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 and the two natural inferior facets 30 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . looking next at fig1 - 13 , there is shown a novel prosthesis 500 which is adapted to replace a pair of natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 . to this end , prosthesis 500 comprises a pair of prosthetic pedicles 515 , a prosthetic lamina 520 extending from prosthetic pedicles 515 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 525 extending from prosthetic pedicles 515 and prosthetic lamina 520 , a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 530 extending from prosthetic lamina 520 , a prosthetic spinous process 535 extending from prosthetic lamina 520 , and a pair of prosthetic transverse processes 540 extending from prosthetic pedicles 515 . in the use of prosthesis 500 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at the bases of natural pedicles 15 so as to remove to two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lumina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a vertebral body end face 42 ( fig1 ). then the prosthesis 500 may be attached to the natural vertebral body 10 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic pedicles 515 against vertebral body end face 42 and then passing screws 145 through holes 547 and into natural vertebral body 10 , as shown in fig1 . as seen in the drawings , the relative size , shape and positioning of the two prosthetic pedicles 515 , the prosthetic lamina 520 , the two prosthetic superior facets 525 , the two prosthetic inferior facets 530 , the prosthetic spinous process 535 , and the two prosthetic transverse processes 540 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . if desired , holes 150 may be provided in prosthetic spinous process 535 and the two prosthetic transverse processes 540 so as to facilitate re - attaching soft tissue to these structures . looking next at fig1 , there is shown a novel prosthesis 600 which is adapted to replace the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the natural spinous process 35 . to this end , prosthesis 600 comprises a pair of prosthetic pedicles 615 , a prosthetic lamina 620 extending from prosthetic pedicles 615 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 625 extending from prosthetic pedicles 615 and prosthetic lamina 620 , a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 630 extending from prosthetic lamina 620 , and a prosthetic spinous process 635 extending from prosthetic lamina 620 . in the use of prosthesis 600 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at the bases of natural pedicles 15 so as to remove the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a vertebral body end face 42 ( fig1 ). then the prosthesis 600 may be attached to the natural vertebral body 10 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic pedicles 615 against vertebral body end face 42 and then passing screws 145 through holes 647 and into natural vertebral body 10 . as seen in the drawing , the relative size , shape and positioning of the two prosthetic pedicles 615 , the prosthetic lamina 620 , the two prosthetic superior facets 625 , the two prosthetic inferior facets 630 , and the prosthetic spinous process 635 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the natural spinous process 35 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . if desired , holes 150 may be provided in prosthetic spinous process 635 so as to facilitate re - attaching soft tissue to this structure . looking next at fig1 , there is shown a novel prosthesis 700 which is adapted to replace the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 . to this end , prosthesis 700 comprises a pair of prosthetic pedicles 715 , a prosthetic lamina 720 extending from prosthetic pedicles 715 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 725 extending from prosthetic pedicles 715 and prosthetic lamina 720 , a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 730 extending from prosthetic lamina 720 , and a pair of prosthetic transverse processes 740 extending from prosthetic in the use of prosthesis 700 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at the bases of natural pedicles 15 so as to remove the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a vertebral body end face 42 ( fig1 ). t hen the prosthesis 700 may be attached to the natural vertebral body 10 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic pedicles 715 against vertebral body end face 42 and then passing screws 145 through holes 747 and into vertebral body 10 . as seen in the drawing , the relative size , shape and positioning of the two prosthetic pedicle 715 , the prosthetic lamina 720 , the two prosthetic superior facets 725 , the two prosthetic inferior facets 730 , and the two prosthetic transverse processes 740 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . if desired , holes 150 may be provided in the two prosthetic transverse processes 740 so as to facilitate re - attaching soft tissue to these structures . looking next at fig1 , there is shown a novel prosthesis 800 which is adapted to replace the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , and the two natural inferior facets 30 . to this end , prosthesis 800 comprises a pair of prosthetic pedicles 815 , a prosthetic lamina 820 extending from prosthetic pedicles 815 , a pair of prosthetic superior facets 825 extending from prosthetic pedicles 815 and prosthetic lamina 820 , and a pair of prosthetic inferior facets 830 extending from prosthetic lamina 820 . in the use of prosthesis 800 , natural lumbar vertebra 5 is resected at the bases of natural pedicles 15 so as to remove the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , the two natural inferior facets 30 , the natural spinous process 35 , and the two natural transverse processes 40 , leaving a vertebral body end face 42 ( fig1 ). then the prosthesis 800 may be attached to natural vertebral body 10 , e . g ., by placing prosthetic pedicles 715 against vertebral body end face 42 and then passing screws 145 through holes 847 and into natural vertebral body 10 . as seen in the drawing , the relative size , shape and positioning of the two prosthetic pedicles 815 , the prosthetic lamina 820 , the two prosthetic superior facets 825 , and the two prosthetic inferior facets 830 essentially mimic the relative size , shape and positioning of the two natural pedicles 15 , the natural lamina 20 , the two natural superior facets 25 , and the two natural inferior facets 30 , whereby to effectively restore the vertebra . it should also be appreciated that prostheses 100 , 200 , 300 , 400 , 500 , 600 , 700 and 800 may be attached to natural vertebra 5 with apparatus other than the screws 145 discussed above . thus , for example , prostheses 100 , 200 , 300 , 400 , 500 , 600 , 700 and 800 may be attached to natural vertebra 5 with rods or posts , etc . see , for example , fig1 , where prosthesis 500 is shown attached to natural vertebra 5 with rods 146 which pass through , and snap into engagement with , prosthetic pedicles 515 . having thus described preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings , it is to be understood that the embodiments shown herein are provided by way of example only , and that various changes and modifications may be effected by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as defined in the claims .
a prosthetic replacement for a posterior element of a vertebra comprising portions that replace the natural lamina and the four natural facets . the prosthetic replacement may also include portions that replace one or more of the natural spinous process and the two natural transverse processes . if desired , the prosthesis replacement may also replace the natural pedicles . a method for replacing a posterior element of a vertebra is also provided .