fig1 a first embodiment of the present invention , is a cleaning machine 10 having a mounting member 12 . the mounting member 12 may be any size or shape depending upon the application , including either cylindrical or disk - shaped . mounting member 12 supports a plurality of cleaning elements 14 and wear measuring elements 16 . mounting member 12 is surrounded by vacuum shoe 18 to assist suction of dirt and other debris dislodged from a surface by cleaning elements 14 during rotation of mounting member 12 about its central axis . suction through vacuum hose 20 carries the dislodged dirt and other debris to a collection reservoir in housing 22 . housing 22 may also contain a reservoir for a liquid cleaning agent which may be applied to the surface in wet cleaning applications to assist the removal of dirt and other debris by cleaning elements 14 . the length and diameter of mounting member 12 depends upon the particular application for the cleaning machine 10 . the length of mounting member 12 ranges from about 1 to about 6 feet . the diameter of mounting member 12 ranges from about 1 to about 14 inches . cleaning elements 14 are desirably brushes with each brush being composed of a plurality of bristles . the bristles may be composed of a number of different types of materials including synthetic fibers , such as polyethylene ( for cleaning hard surfaces ) and nylon ( for cleaning soft surfaces ), and natural fibers . the length of cleaning elements 14 depends on the application and configuration of mounting member 12 . for a cylindrical mounting member 12 of the type shown in fig2 - 5 that is used for wet cleaning applications , the length of cleaning elements 14 is at least about 3 / 4 inches . for a cylindrical mounting member 12 of the type shown in fig2 - 5 that is used for dry cleaning applications , the length of cleaning elements 14 is at least about two and three - quarter inches . for a disk - shaped mounting member 12 of the type shown in fig7 and 8 that is used for wet cleaning applications , the length of cleaning elements 14 is at least about one and three - quarter inches . for a disk - shaped mounting member 12 of the type shown in fig7 and 8 that is used for dry cleaning applications , the length of cleaning elements 14 is at least about 5 inches . the number and concentration of cleaning elements 14 on mounting member 12 is also application - specific . desirably , each mounting member 12 supports from about 30 to about 1000 cleaning elements . the placement of cleaning elements 14 on mounting member 12 depends upon the cleaning element pattern on mounting member 12 desired for a particular application . in one configuration of the first invention , fig2 and 3 depict a first cleaning element pattern on mounting member 12 for use in wet and dry cleaning of hard and soft surfaces . in the first cleaning element pattern , cleaning elements 14 are located in a plurality of rows located substantially uniformly over the face of mounting member 12 . in another configuration , fig5 and 6 depict a second cleaning element pattern for use in wet and dry cleaning of hard and soft surfaces . in the second cleaning element pattern , known as a herring - bone pattern , cleaning elements 14 are located in discrete ribbons in a herring - bone pattern on the face of mounting member 12 . as will be appreciated , other cleaning element patterns may be used , including discrete ribbons of cleaning elements 14 in a spiral pattern on the face of mounting member 12 . wear measuring elements 16 have a length corresponding to a predetermined wear length for cleaning elements 14 . the difference between the length of cleaning elements 14 and wear measuring elements 16 at any point in time is directly related to the amount of remaining wear associated with ( and remaining useful life for ) cleaning elements 14 . when the lengths of cleaning elements 14 decrease through wear to a length approximating the length of wear measuring element 16 , it is desirable to replace cleaning elements 14 and / or mounting member 12 , as appropriate . the wear measuring elements 16 have a longitudinal extent substantially less than the longitudinal extent of the mounting member 12 . in one embodiment of the present invention , the minimum desired length for cleaning elements 14 is roughly equal to the lengths of wear measuring elements 16 . the minimum desired length for cleaning elements 14 depends upon the minimum desired cleaning efficiency for the cleaning - elements 14 on mounting member 12 . the cleaning efficiency for cleaning elements 14 depends upon the relationship between the stiffness and length of cleaning elements 14 . as will be appreciated , a cleaning element &# 39 ; s stiffness generally increases as its length decreases . the increased stiffness will in turn adversely influence the ability of a cleaning element 14 to remove dirt and other debris from the desired surface . the minimum desired cleaning efficiency of cleaning elements 14 is related to the application for and configuration of mounting member 12 . for a cylindrical mounting member 12 of the type shown in fig2 - 6 that is used for wet cleaning applications , the length of wear measuring elements 16 is at least about 3 / 8 inches , or about 50 % of the original ( unworn ) length of cleaning elements 14 . for a cylindrical mounting member 12 that is used for dry cleaning applications , the length of wear measuring elements 16 is at least about 3 / 4 inch , or about 25 % of the original print ( unworn ) length of cleaning elements 14 . for a disk - shaped mounting member 12 of the type shown in fig7 - 8 that is used for wet cleaning applications , the length of wear measuring elements 16 is at least about 1 / 2 inch , or about 25 % of the original print ( unworn ) length of cleaning elements 14 . for a disk - shaped mounting member 12 that is used for dry cleaning applications , the length of wear measuring elements 16 is at least about 3 / 4 inch , or about 10 to 15 % of the original print ( unworn ) length of cleaning elements 14 . in another embodiment of the present invention , wear measuring elements 16 have the same composition as cleaning elements 14 . by way of example , cleaning elements 14 and wear measuring elements 16 are both preferably brushes whose bristles have the same composition . in this manner , when the lengths of cleaning elements 14 are worn to the length of wear measuring elements 16 , mounting member 12 may continue to be operated without damage to the surface being cleaned from wear measuring elements 16 or adverse impact by wear measuring elements 16 on the cleaning efficiency of cleaning elements 14 . in this manner , the replacement of cleaning elements 14 may be done at the time of the next periodic inspection of cleaning elements 14 . the number of wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 depends upon the number and desired cleaning efficiency of cleaning elements 14 , the size and shape of mounting member 12 , and the visibility to the user of wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 . as shown in fig2 cleaning elements 14 are located along adjacent first and second paths extending along the longitudinal extent of the mounting member 12 . the wear measuring elements 16 are located within an area bounded by the first and second paths and the number of wear measuring elements in this area is less than 25 % of the number of cleaning elements located along the first and second paths . as will be appreciated , wear measuring elements 16 , being shorter than cleaning elements 14 , do not normally contribute to the cleaning efficiency of mounting member 12 . accordingly , it is desired that as few as possible wear measuring elements 16 be utilized . preferably , cleaning elements 14 outnumber wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 . the placement of wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 is a function of factors including the visibility of wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 , the location of other wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 , the shape of mounting member 12 , the wear patterns of cleaning elements 14 on mounting member 12 , and the locations of cleaning elements 14 on mounting member 12 . wear measuring elements 16 are desirably placed only in those portions of mounting member 12 that are conveniently viewable by the user , since in most applications the wear pattern of cleaning elements 14 is substantially uniform along the face of the mounting member 12 . concerning the visibility of wear measuring elements 16 , there are three primary techniques in cleaning machines to view mounting member 12 . first , in some cleaning machines vacuum shoe 18 tilts or lifts up or out to reveal mounting member 12 . in this case , the entire length of mounting member 12 is typically visible . second , in some cleaning machines vacuum shoe 18 has an access door to reveal a portion of mounting member 12 . in this case , a portion of mounting member 12 is typically not easily viewable . finally , cleaning machine 10 may be tilted to rest on the handles to reveal mounting member 12 . in this case , the entire length of mounting member 12 is typically visible . various aspects of the present invention exist based upon the visibility of wear measuring elements 16 . in a first aspect of the present invention shown in fig5 and 6 , mounting member 12 is substantially cylindrical and preferably has at least three wear measuring elements 16 substantially uniformly distributed around the circumference of mounting member 12 . in one configuration , each end of mounting member 12 has at least three wear measuring elements 16 substantially uniformly distributed around the circumference of mounting member 12 . in a second configuration , wear measuring elements 16 are in a middle portion of mounting member 12 between first and second outer portions with the first and second outer portions being substantially free of wear measuring elements 16 . the middle portion is about one - third to two - thirds the length of mounting member 12 . the first aspect is preferably employed where mounting member 12 is to be used to wet or dry clean a surface . in a second aspect of the present invention , mounting member 12 is substantially cylindrical and preferably has at least one wear measuring element in each quadrant of the substantially circular cross - section of mounting member 12 . wear measuring elements 16 may be placed anywhere along the length of mounting member 12 , depending upon visibility of the wear measuring elements to the user . the second aspect is preferably employed where cleaning elements are substantially uniformly distributed around the circumference of mounting member 12 and only one portion of mounting member 12 is conveniently viewable by the user . in a third aspect of the present invention shown in fig1 and 2 , mounting member 12 is substantially cylindrical and has a first and second outer portion at each end of mounting member 12 and a middle portion between the first and second outer portions with the middle portion having a length that is between about one - third and one - fourth of the length of mounting member 12 . preferably , the first and second outer portions contain wear measuring elements 16 with the middle portion being substantially free of wear measuring elements 16 . more preferably , each of the first and second outer portions of mounting member 12 have more wear measuring elements 16 than the middle portion . most preferably , the first and second outer portions each have at least one wear measuring element in each quadrant of the substantially circular cross - section of mounting member 12 . the third aspect is preferably employed where cleaning elements 14 are substantially uniformly distributed around the circumference of mounting member 12 and the first and second outer portions , but not the middle portion , of mounting member 12 is conveniently viewable by the user . in a fourth aspect of the present invention illustrated in fig1 and 12 , mounting member 12 is substantially cylindrical and has a first and second outer portion at each end of mounting member 12 and a middle portion between the first and second outer portions with the middle portion having a length that is between about one - third and one - fourth of the length of mounting member 12 . preferably , the first and second outer portions and middle portion each contain wear measuring elements 16 . more preferably , the first and second outer portions and middle portion together have at least one wear measuring element 16 in each quadrant of the substantially circular cross - section of mounting member 12 . most preferably , each portion has at least one wear measuring element in each quadrant of the substantially circular cross - section of mounting member 12 . the fourth aspect is preferably employed where cleaning elements 14 are substantially uniformly distributed around the circumference of mounting member 12 and when the first and second outer portions and middle portion of mounting member 12 are each conveniently viewable by the user . in a fifth aspect of the present invention illustrated in fig1 and 14 , mounting member 12 is substantially cylindrical and has first and second outer portions and a middle portion therebetween having a length that is between about one - third and one - fourth of the length of mounting member 12 . preferably , the middle portion contains wear measuring elements 16 and the first and second outer portions are substantially free of wear measuring elements 16 . more preferably , the middle portion of mounting member 12 has more wear measuring elements 16 than each of the first and second outer portions . most preferably , the middle portion has at least one wear measuring element 16 per quadrant of the substantially circular cross - section of mounting member 12 . the fifth aspect is preferred when cleaning elements 14 are substantially uniformly distributed around the circumference of mounting member 12 and only the middle portion is conveniently viewable by the user . as will be appreciated , other configurations of wear measuring elements 16 on mounting member 12 are possible depending upon the parts of mounting member 12 that are conveniently viewable by the user . by way of example , if multiple parts of mounting member 12 are conveniently viewable , wear measuring elements 16 may be placed in different quadrants of the substantially circular cross - section of mounting member 12 along the length of mounting member 12 . accordingly , if the first and second outer portions and middle portion of mounting member 12 are conveniently viewable , wear measuring elements 16 could be placed in different quadrants of the cross - section in each portion , such that no more than one wear measuring element 16 is located in any quadrant along the entire length of mounting member 12 . also by way of example , wear elements 16 may be placed in either the first or second outer portions of mounting member 12 if the first and second outer portions are the only part of mounting member 12 that is conveniently viewable to the user . in that event , the other portions would preferably be substantially free of wear measuring elements 16 , or , more preferably , have fewer wear measuring elements 16 than the conveniently viewable portion of mounting member 12 . to facilitate the visibility of wear measuring elements 16 , one embodiment of the present invention uses wear measuring elements 16 having a different color than cleaning elements 14 . advantageously , the color difference may be highlighted by choosing contrasting colors . for example , cleaning elements 14 may be a dark color and wear measuring elements 16 may be a bright color or vice versa . notwithstanding the visibility of wear measuring elements 16 , certain relationships regarding wear measuring element 16 placement are preferred . preferably , a majority of wear measuring elements 16 is located adjacent to at least one cleaning element 14 . more preferably a majority of wear measuring elements 16 are separated by at least one cleaning element 14 . most preferably , at least a majority of wear measuring elements 16 are not adjacent to another wear measuring element 16 . fig7 and 8 depict another embodiment of the present invention . the primary distinction between the embodiment in fig2 - 6 and this embodiment is that the former embodiment has a mounting member 12 that is substantially cylindrical and this embodiment has a mounting member 12 that is substantially circular or disk - shaped . more particularly , mounting member 12 in this embodiment has a substantially circular face that supports cleaning elements 14 and wear measuring elements 16 , the cleaning elements 14 simultaneously contacting a surface to be cleaned during cleaning . cleaning elements 14 are located along adjacent first and second curved closed paths on an outer peripheral portion of the disk - shaped mounting member as shown in fig8 . this embodiment is primarily used for wet and dry cleaning applications . wear measuring elements 16 are located in a peripheral portion of mounting member 12 with each quadrant of the substantially circular face of mounting member 12 having at least one wear measuring element 16 . the number of wear measuring elements 16 is less than 25 % of the number of cleaning elements 14 along the first and second curved paths . the inner portion of mounting member 12 is substantially free of wear measuring elements 16 . more preferably , a majority of wear measuring elements 16 are located in the peripheral portion and most preferably at a majority of wear measuring elements 16 are located in the peripheral portion . in another embodiment of the present invention , wear measuring elements 16 have different lengths corresponding to different degrees of wear for cleaning elements 14 . the number of different lengths of the wear measuring elements and the magnitudes of the lengths depend upon the magnitude of the difference between the original ( unworn ) length of cleaning elements 14 and the predetermined wear length for cleaning elements 14 . in one configuration shown in fig9 mounting member 12 has wear measuring elements 16a , 16b , 16c , and 16d , with wear measuring element 16a being longer than wear measuring element 16b , wear measuring element 16b being longer than wear measuring element 16c , and wear measuring element 16c being longer than wear measuring element 16d . preferably , for cleaning elements having an original ( unworn ) length of at least about 3 inches and a predetermined wear length of no more than about 1 inch , wear measuring element 16a has a length corresponding to about 75 % of the difference between the original length of cleaning element 14 and the predetermined wear length , 16b to about 50 % of the difference and 16c to about 25 % of the difference . wear measuring element 16d preferably has a length corresponding to the predetermined wear length . in another configuration , for cleaning elements having an original ( unworn ) length between about 1 . 25 inches and 3 inches and a predetermined wear length of no more than about 3 / 4 inches , some wear measuring elements have lengths corresponding to about 50 % of the difference between the original length of cleaning elements 14 and the predetermined wear length and other wear measuring elements have lengths corresponding to the predetermined wear length . in another configuration which may be used with either of the above configurations , the wear measuring elements 16 have a different color for each of the different wear measuring element lengths . for example , wear measuring elements 16a , 16b , 16c , and 16d in fig9 are each of a different color . as will be appreciated , other configurations of the present invention that incorporate the teachings of this embodiment are possible . in one such configuration shown in fig1 , portions of each wear measuring element are of different lengths and / or colors with each length and / or color corresponding to a different degree of cleaning element wear . wear measuring element 16 has , for example , three portions , 17a , 17b , and 17c . wear measuring element portion 17c corresponds to a first degree of cleaning element wear and is longer than wear measuring element portion 17b , wear measuring element portion 17b corresponds to a second degree of cleaning element wear and is longer than wear measuring element portion 17a , and wear measuring element portion 17a corresponds to a third degree of cleaning element wear . such wear measuring elements 16 may accurately indicate the approximate degree of cleaning element wear at various points during the life of the cleaning element 14 . in operation , mounting member 12 is periodically viewed by the user during operation to ascertain the relative lengths of cleaning elements 14 and wear measuring elements 16 . as mounting member 12 is operated , the lengths of cleaning elements 14 will become progressively shorter . when the relative lengths are approximately equal , mounting member 12 and / or cleaning elements 14 are replaced . while various embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail , it is apparent that modifications and adaptations of those embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art . however , it is to be expressly understood that such modifications and adaptations are within the scope of the present invention , as set forth in the following claims .
the present invention discloses the use of wear measuring elements to monitor the wear of cleaning elements on cleaning devices , such as cleaning machines and vacuum cleaners . the wear measuring elements are located adjacent to cleaning elements and have a length corresponding to a minimum desired length for the cleaning elements . when the length of the cleaning elements decreases due to usage to the length of the wear measuring elements , the user will realize that the cleaning elements need replacement .