suitable bioactive materials include triclosan , chlorhexidine , iodopropargyl butyl carbamate ( ipbc ), orthophenyl phenol , parachlorometaxylenol ( pcmx ), parachloro ortho benzyl phenol , tertiary amyl phenol , pine oil , mixed phenol disinfectants , mixed phenol and quats . suitable water soluble polymers for forming the polymer - surfactant complex in the matrix of the invention includes pvp , alkylated pvp copolymers , pva - vinyl acetate copolymers , and the like . suitable anionic sulfactants include sulfonic acid derivatives , such as sodium dodecyl sulfate , laureth sulfate , alkyl sulfonate , sarcosinate , alkyl phosphate ester , and the like . the presence of the water soluble pvp polymer in the matrix is essential for forming a polymer - surfactant complex which can dissolve the bioactive material even with low amounts of surfactant present in the composition . both the use of a low level of anionic surfactant and the complexing polymer like pvp provides a substantially irritant - free composition . the amount of sds to solubilize the active in water depends on the active to be solubilized and concentration of the active ingredient . the higher the active ingredient concentration , the higher the amount of sds to be added . for compositions of the polymer - surfactant - complex and hydrophobic bioactive materials the weight ratio of bioactive material to polymer suitably is 1 : 5 to 5 : 0 . 5 , preferably 1 : 0 . 2 to 1 : 2 . the weight ratio of bioactive material to surfactant suitably is 1 : 10 to 2 : 1 , preferably 1 : 3 to 1 : 5 . the use level of bioactive suitably is 10 ppm to 10 %, preferably 100 ppm to 5 %, and most preferably 0 . 05 % to 0 . 2 %. the rest is water . 3 % triclosan was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 3 % polyvinylpyrrolidone ( pvp k - 30 ) and 10 % sodium dodecyl sulfate ( sds ). the aqueous concentrate was diluted at 1 / 10 , 1 / 30 , 1 / 60 , and 1 / 120 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions . triclosan in these compositions were in the nano - particle range . compositions with lower than 10 % sds or with 10 % sds in the absence of pvp did not dissolve the triclosan . a use formulation containing , by weight , 3 % triclosan , 3 % pvp k - 30 and 10 . 5 % sds was diluted with water at a weight ratio of 1 / 450 to a final concentration of 66 ppm triclosan , 66 ppm pvp k - 30 and 230 ppm sds . the diluted sample remained clear without any precipitate . while the amount of sds at this dilution is below the cmc of sds itself , it was above the critical aggregation concentration of an insitu formed pvp - sds complex . thus , the disinfectant active triclosan ingredients were maintained soluble in water at this low surfactant content because it was present in the polymer - surfactant complex . 5 . 4 % 2 - phenylphenol was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 2 . 3 % pvp k - 30 and 16 . 6 % sds . the aqueous concentrate was diluted at 3 . 6 / 100 and 1 . 9 / 100 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions . 2 - phenylphenol in these compositions was in the nanoparticle range . 4 . 2 % triclosan was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 3 . 2 % pvp k - 30 and 17 % sds . the aqueous concentrate was diluted at 4 . 6 / 100 and 2 . 3 / 100 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions . triclosan in these compositions was in the nanoparticle range . 2 % triclosan was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 2 % pvp k - 30 and 7 % sds . the optically clear aqueous concentrate was diluted at 1 / 10 and 1 / 20 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions . triclosan in these compositions was in the nanoparticle range . 2 % triclosan was added to water containing , by weight , 2 % pvp k - 30 . triclosan remained undissolved in the aqueous concentrate . 2 % triclosan was added to water containing , by weight , 7 % sds . the sample was heated to 60 ° c . for 3 days . triclosan remained undissolved in the aqueous concentrate . 1 % ferulic acid was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 2 . 8 % pvp k - 30 and 6 . 3 % sds . the aqueous solution was optically clear and in the nanoparticle range . 5 . 4 % pcmx was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 16 . 5 % sds and 2 . 3 % pvp k - 30 . the aqueous concentrate was diluted at 1 / 10 , 1 / 20 , 1 / 40 , 1 / 100 , and 1 / 450 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions . pcmx in these compositions was found to be in nanoparticle range . 2 % pcmx was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 6 % sds and 1 % pvp k - 30 . the aqueous concentrate was diluted at 1 / 10 , 1 / 20 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions . pcmx in these compositions was found to be in nanoparticle range . the formulation described in example 10 was diluted in di water to contain 1000 ppm of pcmx . antimicrobial activity was demonostrated against pseudomonas aeruginosa ( atcc 10145 ) and bacillus subtilis ( atcc 27328 ). one hundred microliters of an overnight culture of each bacterial cell suspension were inoculated into the diluted sample to a final concentration of about 10 7 cfu / ml . the same bacterial suspension was also added to di water to serve as a control . after 5 minutes incubation time at room temperature , the samples were serially diluted in modified letheen broth and plated onto modified letheen agar . plates were incubated at 32 ° c . for 24 hours and bacterial growth enumerated . log reduction was calculated based on the log difference in bacterial counts between the control sample ( no pcmx ) and pcmx containing sample . the results are presented in the following table . 2 % pcmx was added to water containing , by weight , 2 % pvp k - 30 . pcmx remained undissolved in the aqueous concentrate . 4 . 9 % pcmx was dissolved in water containing , by weight , 13 . 8 % sds and 4 % pvp k - 30 . this clear aqueous concentrate was diluted at 1 / 10 , 1 / 20 to produce optically clear , ready - to - use disinfectant compositions at rt ( 18 ° c .). pcmx in these compositions was found to be in nanoparticle range . 4 . 9 % pcmx was added to water containing , by weight , 14 . 4 % sds . the sample was heated and cooled to rt ( 18 ° c .). pcmx remained undissolved in the aqueous concentrate . while the invention has been described with particular reference to certain embodiments thereof , it will be understood that changes and modifications may be made which are within the skill of the art .
a delivery system for delivering bioactive materials as an aqueous nanoparticle dispersion of a water soluble matrix of polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer and copolymers thereof , and an anionic surfactant .