preferred embodiments of the present invention are described hereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings . referring to fig1 to 10 , a wearable robot system for rehabilitation training of the upper limbs according to the present invention includes : station unit 200 disposed on a base 100 , which is fixed to the ground , and having an elevation bed 210 that can reciprocate up / down and a movable bed 220 that is disposed over the elevation bed 210 ; a robot unit 300 that is connected with the movable bed 220 of the station unit 200 , attachable / detachable to / from the upper limbs of a human body p by an attaching means , and has a plurality of shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 and an elbow joint driving unit 350 for extension / flexion of the elbow joint and the shoulder joint and abduction / adduction of the shoulder joint of the human body ; a sensing unit that is disposed in the robot unit 300 , detects motion of the upper limbs of the human body using sensors , and outputs the detected signals into an electric signal ; and a control unit 550 that controls the operation of the shoulder joint driving unit and the elbow joint driving unit 350 in response to the signal output from the sensing unit . in detail , in the robot unit 300 , connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 , 362 , 364 are disposed between the shoulder joint driving unit and the elbow joint driving unit 350 and rotatably connected with each other , such that each of the driving units are rotatably connected through the connecting links . further , the shoulder joint driving unit of the robot unit 300 is composed of first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 that can each rotate by the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 such that it has four degrees of freedom using redundant . that is , the shoulder joint driving unit is additionally provided with a redundant operation driving portion , in addition to a three - degree of freedom operation of extension / flexion , abduction / adduction , and internal / external rotation , such that smooth motion of three degrees of freedom is possible by four driving units having four degrees of freedom . the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 and the elbow joint driving unit 350 respectively include known motors 312 , 322 , 332 , 323 , 352 each having a motor shaft that operates in response to an electrical signal applied from the outside and provided to supply rotational force to the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 , and a power transmitting unit that transmits the driving force of the motors to the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 . the motor is a flat motor , which is known in the art . further , each of the shoulder joint driving units are disposed at different angles such that the human body does not interfere with the robot unit 300 through the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 , which is for preventing interference between the shoulder joint driving units that are in operation and the human body . an upper link arm that is divided to adjust the length in the up - down direction by a connecting means is disposed between the fourth shoulder joint driving unit 340 and the elbow joint driving unit 350 to correspond to the upper arm a 1 of the human body , while a lower link arm that is divided into first and second lower link arms 372 , 374 is disposed at the end of the elbow joint driving unit 350 to rotatably correspond to the lower arm a 2 . the upper link arm is divided into first and second upper link arms 362 , 364 and the connecting means is composed of a connecting bolt ( not shown ) and a connecting nut ( not shown ) which each have a connection hole at the end where the first and second upper link arms 362 , 364 overlap each other and fixes the first and second upper link arm 362 , 364 using fastening force . in more detail , the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 are designed to surround the shoulder of the human body and arranged such that the centers of the motor shafts cross the center axis c of the shoulder joint of the human body . this configuration is designed such that the motor shafts of the shoulder joint driving units cross the central axis c of the human body and make appropriate motions , on the assumption that the shoulder joint of the human body moves like a ball - socket joint . the power transmitting unit operates to transmit the rotation of the motor shafts of the motors to the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 , in which a known harmonic drive 305 and a plurality of bearings 304 for preventing eccentricity is disposed in a plurality of divided cases 302 , which is a well - known structure in the related art and detailed description is not provided . the control unit 550 may be a controller equipped in a well - known computer in the related art and needs an operating unit that outputs signals for controlling the operation of the driving units of the robot unit 300 and the operation of the station unit 200 . the operating unit may be operated by a remote control switch that a user directly operates or a keyboard that a manager operates . it is preferable to further provide a selecting means for selecting a voluntary motion mode or a continuous passive motion mode for the operation of the robot unit 300 , depending on the selection of the user . the selecting means allows the control unit 550 to control each of the shoulder joint driving unit and the elbow joint driving unit 350 , in response to a signal transmitted from a selection switch 530 for selecting the voluntary motion mode or the continuous passive motion ( cpm ) mode . the voluntary motion mode is a motion mode that is assisted by the robot unit 300 according to the motion intent when a user voluntarily applies force to the elbow or shoulder joint , while the continuous passive motion mode is a motion mode that forcibly moves the user &# 39 ; s upper arm along a predetermined path set by programming . the station unit 200 is disposed on the base 100 and includes the elevation bed 210 that is expanded / contracted up / down by a well - known linear actuator and a movable bed 220 that is disposed over the elevation bed 210 and moves the robot unit 300 to the left and right such that rotational center of the shoulder meets the rotational center of the robot to maximize wearing comfort when the first shoulder joint driving unit 310 of the robot unit 300 is put on the human body by the linear actuator . the movable bed 220 can move left / right along a rail provided at the upper portion and has a movable frame 230 where the first shoulder joint driving unit is integrally fixed . the sensing unit includes a first load cell 510 that is a sensor detecting the movement of the elbow joint and a second load cell 520 that is a sensor detecting the movement of the shoulder joint . the first and second load cells 510 , 520 that detect the movement of the elbow joint or the shoulder joint in motion intent signals are spaced apart from each other to correspond to the upper arm and the lower arm of the human body . the first load cell 510 is disposed where the first and second lower link arms 372 , 374 are connected , and detects movement of a muscle for extension / flexion , which is transmitted to the first and second lower link arms 372 , 374 , in one - axial movement of extension / flexion , converts the detected result into a motion intent signal and then outputs the signal to the control unit 550 . the second load cell 520 is disposed where the first and second upper link arms 362 , 364 are connected , and detects a two - axial movement according to the movement of a muscle of the upper arm a 1 for moving the shoulder joint , in a three - directional movement of x , y , z , and then outputs a motion intent signal to the control unit 550 . in the shoulder joint herein , the force x is force that is input in internal / external rotation and the force z is force that is input in extension / flexion . since the maximum rotational angle of the shoulder joint is 145 °, it is preferable to set a limit angle to 120 ° or less for a safe operation . further , because the allowable range of the shoulder joint of the human body is 0 to 180 ° for flexion , 0 to 50 ° for extension , 0 to 180 ° for abduction , 180 to 0 ° for adduction , 0 to 90 ° for internal rotation , and 90 to 0 ° for external rotation , it is preferable to limit the angle of the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 within the ranges . the attaching means are disposed apart from each other at a side of the robot unit 300 in a plurality of string shapes and composed of binding bands 400 of which both ends are attachable / detachable by hook and loop fastener ( e . g ., velcro ®) tapes . the operation having the above configuration of the present invention is described hereafter . the wearable robot system for rehabilitation training of the upper limbs according to the present invention moves up / down the elevation bed 210 of the station unit 200 such that the robot unit 300 is correspondingly positioned to the user &# 39 ; s shoulder , depending on the body conditions of the user . then , the first shoulder joint driving unit 310 fixed to the movable frame 230 is moved left / right to a desired position by moving left / right the movable frame 230 disposed on the rail of the movable bed 220 . thereafter , the user or the manager selects a desired mode from the voluntary motion mode or the continuous passive motion mode . when the user selects the voluntary motion mode , the first and second load cells 510 , 520 disposed to correspond to the user &# 39 ; s upper arm and lower arm detect minute movement of muscles of the user and output a motion intent signal to the control unit 550 , and the control unit 550 rotates the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 by driving the motors 312 , 322 , 332 , 342 of the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 in response to the motion intent signal transmitted from the first and second load cell 510 , 520 to help motion of the user &# 39 ; s limbs . the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 are each rotated within the limit angle of the shoulder joint , as can be seen from the graph shown in fig9 , and perform an operation of four degrees of freedom with movement of the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 , 362 , 364 . accordingly , since the operation of four degrees of freedom is made for a three - axial movement , a spare angle is provided for a rotational angle between the driving units . further , the first and second load cells 510 , 520 dispose where the lower / upper link arms divided up / down and detects one - directional movement of the muscle by detecting separation of the divided lower / upper links which is generated by movement of the muscle . the second load cell 520 detects a two - directional movement that is generated by abduction / adduction and then creates motion intent signals dx and dz by multiplying a coefficient k by force in the detected first and second directions . the motion intent signals dx and dz implement small change of each axis where an end - effector , which is created by analyzing the elements of magnitude and direction of the force signals detected by the first and second load cells 510 , 520 , intends to move . the end - effector is always positioned at a distance r from the rotational point x 0 , y 0 , z 0 of the shoulder joint , such that dy can be obtained from the small changes of the two axis and the following equation . r =√{ square root over ( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 )} y =√{ square root over ( r 2 −=( x 2 + z 2 ))} the final goal - position of the end - effector can be induced by adding up the small changes per hour dx , dy , dz in each axis that are obtained by the input force and coefficient k to the initial position of the end - effector before the robot is actuated . the coefficient k is variably set by the user &# 39 ; s muscular force , which is not described in detail herein . further , the coordinates of the goal - position of the end - effector induced as described above is used to estimate the motional angle of the robot unit by inverse kinematics , which is referred to as a 3d - joint motion animation , and the robot unit 300 performs an operation in an f - direction . as the angles of movements are calculated for the motion intent signals , the control unit 550 adjusts rotational force by outputting control signals to the motors of the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units and the elbow joint driving unit 350 . therefore , the movements of the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 perform an operation of four degrees of freedom while complementing each other , which can be seen from the graph shown in fig9 that is , the elbow joint driving unit 350 makes extension / flexion motion of the lower arm of the human body and the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 make movement of the shoulder joint ( extension / flexion , abduction / adduction , internal / external rotation , and redundant operation ) by rotating the connecting links 315 , 325 , 335 . further , when the user selects the continuous passive motion mode , the first , second , third , and fourth shoulder joint driving units 310 , 320 , 330 , 340 are operated along the programmed path , regardless of the user &# 39 ; s motion intent signal and the elbow joint driving unit 350 is operated , such that the user &# 39 ; s limbs are moved .
the present invention relates to a wearable robot system for rehabilitation training of the upper limbs that has an improved structure to reproduce in detail motion of a human body by selecting a wearing type structure such that robot links move correspondingly to the motion of the upper limbs while decreasing the volume of a rehabilitation and assistance device based on a robot for rehabilitation training of the upper limbs . according the present invention , it is possible to decrease the volume and increase the available space , in addition to creating smooth motion without interfering with the human body by creating a plurality of robot motion paths and selecting the best path from them , because an operation of four degrees of freedom can be achieved by an operation procedure using redundant .