referring now to the drawings and to fig1 in particular , there is shown a reclining chair 10 having a seat 12 , a backrest 14 , and side supports 16 . the chair is moveable between an upright position ( shown ), a fully reclined position ( fig7 ) and intermediate positions there - between . a leg rest 109 is provided beneath the seat 12 . a headrest 122 is mounted above the backrest 14 . referring to fig2 and 3 , a 4 - bar linkage mechanism in each of the side supports 16 connects the seat and backrest together for reclining functions and supports the same on the side supports 16 . for purposes of simplicity , only one linkage mechanism has been shown . the 4 - bar linkage comprises a seat support bracket 30 , a backrest bracket 34 , a side support bracket 18 and a coupler link 40 . as shown in fig3 and 4 , each side support bracket 18 comprises an outwardly extending horizontal flange 20 having openings 22 adapted to receive conventional screws 24 to secure the side support bracket 18 to a plate 25 secured to the side support 16 . a downwardly depending vertical flange portion 26 is provided at the inner edge of horizontal flange 20 and is adapted to receive a pivot pin 28 pivotably mounting a seat support bracket 30 and to receive a pivot pin 32 pivotably mounting a backrest bracket 34 . each backrest bracket 34 includes a rearwardly extending plate 36 adapted to receive a pivot pin 38 pivotably mounting a coupler link 40 and to receive a pivot pin 32 pivotably connecting the backrest bracket 34 to the side support bracket 18 . each backrest bracket 34 further includes an inwardly - extending flange portion 42 having openings 44 therein adapted to receive screws 46 to rigidly affix the backrest 14 to a plate 47 secured to the backrest bracket 34 . each coupler link 40 comprises an elongated link being pivotably mounted at one end at a pivot pin 38 to the backrest bracket 34 and being pivotably mounted at another end at a pivot pin 48 to the seat support bracket 30 . the seat support bracket 30 comprises an elongated cross - member 50 having openings 52 therein . the cross - member 50 is adapted to support the seat 12 and the openings 52 are adapted to receive screws 54 to secure the seat 12 to the seat support bracket 30 . upwardly extending vertical flanges 56 are provided at opposing ends of the cross - member 50 and are adapted to receive a pivot pin 48 pivotably mounting the coupler link 40 to the upward flange 56 and to receive a pivot pin 28 pivotably mounting the seat support bracket 30 to the side support flange 26 . the linkages provided betweer the pivot pins 28 , 32 , 38 and 48 thereby form a 4 - bar linkage comprising the coupler link 40 , the backrest bracket 34 , the side support bracket 18 and the seat support bracket 30 . the linkages are configured and arranged so that the center of gravity of the occupant moves horizontally as the chair is moved from an upright position to a reclined position or an intermediate position there - between , or vice versa . this movement is illustrated in fig8 in which the reclining position of the chair is illustrated in phantom lines . the movement of center of gravity of the occupant is illustrated in fig8 by the phantom lines between the x -- x . in this manner , a minimum of effort is required to move the chair from the upright to recline position and vice versa . further , the linkages are configured and arranged so that the axis of rotation of chair 10 passes approximately through the hips of a chair occupant . in this manner , relative movement of backrest 14 with respect to seat 12 approximates the relative movement of the occupant &# 39 ; s back with respect to the occupant &# 39 ; s thighs . this approximate correspondence is achieved by means of the location of the axis of rotation of backrest 14 at or near the occupant &# 39 ; s hips . as a result , the shear between the chair occupant &# 39 ; s back and backrest 14 is minimized . referring now to fig2 and 7 , the seat support bracket 30 further comprises a forwardly - extending central portion 58 extending from cross - member 50 to support a leg rest mechanism 60 . downwardly - extending vertical flanges 68 depend from opposing edges of the forwardly - extending central portion 58 to receive the leg rest mechanism 60 . the downwardly - extending flanges 68 are adapted to receive a pin 72 adapted to mount a rear rocker arm 74 and a pivot pin 76 adapted to mount a front rocker arm 78 . rear rocker arm 74 comprises an elongated link adapted to receive pivot pin 72 at the upper end thereof and also adapted to receive a pivot pin 86 at the opposite end thereof pivotably mounting a coupler arm 88 to the rear rocker arm 74 . the front rocker arm 78 comprises an elongated link having a forwardly - extending portion 90 at the lower portion thereof . the front rocker arm 78 is adapted to receive pivot pin 76 and is also adapted to receive a pivot pin 96 to mount the front rocker arm 76 to a pair of rotation couplers 98 . the front rocker arm 78 is also adapted to receive a pivot pin 102 at the upper portion of the forwardly - extending portion 90 to pivotably mount the front rocker arm 78 to a coupler arm 88 . each coupler arm 88 comprises a first portion 104 extending between the lower opening ( not shown ) of rear rocker arm 74 and intermediate opening ( not shown ) of front rocker arm 78 . each coupler arm 88 further comprises a second portion 106 extending forwardly and upwardly from intermediate opening ( not shown ) of front rocker arm 78 . a forward end of second portion 106 of coupler arm 88 is pivotably mounted to a leg rest support bracket 108 . each rotation coupler 98 comprises an elongated link pivotably mounted at one end to front rocker arm 78 by means of pivot pin 96 and being pivotably mounted at an opposite end to leg rest support bracket 108 . an actuator arm 110 comprises an elongated link being pivotably mounted at one end thereof to rear rocker arm 74 and being pivotably mounted at an opposite end thereof to a lower portion of backrest 14 . as shown in fig9 and 10 , a leg rest 109 is slidably mounted to leg rest support bracket 108 by means of a u - shaped track 107 secured within leg rest 109 . in fig9 and 10 , a foam cushion layer has been broken away to expose the supports and track 107 . the foam cushion layer is mounted to a curved plate 113 . the u - shaped track 107 is in turn mounted to the curved plate 113 . track 107 slidably engages an upper plate 111 which is secured to the leg rest support bracket 108 at the side thereof . leg rest 109 may thereby be moved with respect to leg rest support bracket 108 to a position suited to the individual chair occupant . a latchtype mechanism ( not shown ) can be utilized to control the location of leg rest 109 with respect to bracket 108 . a spring retracting mechanism ( not shown ) can also be utilized to return leg rest 109 to a retracted position with respect to bracket 108 automatically . as shown in fig2 , and 7 , a release mechanism 112 is provided to permit the reclining chair 10 to be secured in an upright , fully reclined , or intermediate position . the release mechanism 112 comprises a number of teeth 114 protruding from , and integral with , a forward portion of backrest bracket 34 . the teeth 114 are arranged in an arc - like arrangement . a release arm 116 is pivotably mounted to the side support 16 and includes a tooth - like projection 118 protruding therefrom and adapted to engage the teeth 114 . a handle 120 is secured to release arm 116 to allow the tooth - like projection 118 to be disengaged from the teeth 114 . the reclining chair 10 may thereby be moved between upright , recline or intermediate positions when the handle 120 is depressed so as to disengage the tooth - like projection 118 from the teeth 114 . the reclining chair 10 may not be moved between upright , recline or intermediate positions when the handle 120 is not depressed and the tooth - like projection 118 is engaged in the teeth 114 . alternatively , pneumatic positioner mechanisms or friction clutch mechanisms ( not shown ) can be utilized in place of the described release mechanism 112 . as shown in fig5 and 6 , a headrest 122 is mounted to the top of backrest 14 . the headrest 122 includes a downwardly - extending plate 124 at the rear portion thereof and a ramp surface 126 . a link 128 having a slot 130 at the lower end thereof is provided to mount headrest 122 to backrest 14 . link 128 is pivotably mounted at an upper end thereof to headrest 122 . the slot 130 in link 128 is engaged by a pin 132 secured to a lower portion of a cam 134 . the cam 134 has a slot 136 at the upper portion thereof . the cam 134 also comprises a ramp surface complementary to ramp surface 126 so that as headrest 122 is pulled forwardly and upwardly by a chair occupant , ramp surface 126 slides over ramp surface 138 until the bottom of plate 124 engages slot 136 in the upper portion of the cam 134 . as a result , the headrest 122 may be manually moved by the chair occupant from a first position adjacent to the backrest 14 to a second , inclined position and vice versa . this movement of headrest 122 adjusts both the relative inclination of the headrest . an extension mechanism ( not shown ) can be provided to adjust the relative height of headrest 122 with respect to backrest 14 . in use , a horizontal shift in the center of gravity of the chair occupant will cause the 4 - bar linkage comprising the seat support bracket 30 , backrest bracket 34 , coupler link 40 , and side support bracket 18 to rotate . this rotation causes the backrest 14 to rotate with respect to the seat 12 about an axis of rotation passing approximately through the hips of the chair occupant . this configuration maintains the position of the backrest 14 with relation to the seat 12 so as to avoid &# 34 ; pulling &# 34 ; of the chair occupant &# 39 ; s upper garment . this configuration is such that the chair may be moved from the upright to the fully reclined position , and vice versa , by a horizontal shift of the center of gravity of the chair occupant . because the center of gravity of the chair occupant need only be shifted horizontally , rather than vertically , a large force is not necessary to overcome the occupant &# 39 ; s body weight to initiate tilting . as the reclining chair 10 is moved , a second linkage comprising seat support bracket 30 , front rocker arm 78 , rear rocker arm 74 , and coupler arm 88 also rotates . leg rest mechanism 60 is thereby automatically actuated . movement of this second linkage causes the forward and upward movement of rotation coupler 98 and coupler arm 88 . leg rest 109 is thereby moved from a vertical position to a horizontal position . this footrest mechanism and the 4 - bar linkage comprising seat support bracket 30 , backrest bracket 34 , coupler link 40 and side support bracket 18 share a common element in seat support bracket 30 . relative movement between those two positions of the invention is made by means of actuator arm 110 . the horizontal location of leg rest 109 may be adjusted by the chair occupant by sliding leg rest 109 forwardly or rearwardly with respect to leg rest support bracket 108 . the principles of the invention are not limited to the specific embodiment herein described . reasonable variations and modifications are possible within the scope of the foregoing disclosure without departing from the spirit of the invention .
a reclining chair having a seat , backrest , side supports and a reclining mechanism which includes a backrest bracket rigidly affixed to the backrest and pivotably mounted to a side support bracket , the side support bracket being rigidly affixed to a side support . a seat support bracket is rigidly affixed to the seat and pivotably mounted to a side support bracket . a coupler link has one end pivotably connected to the backrest bracket and a second end pivotably connected to the seat support bracket . the axis of rotation of the backrest is located so as to pass approximately through the hips of a chair occupant . further , the linkages are so selected and arranged that the reclining motion and return motion take place by a horizontal translation of the center of gravity of the occupant to minimize the effort required to operate the reclining mechanism through its range of movement .