the description of the practice of the present technology will be generally described with regard one particular format of playing card shuffling device that described in u . s . pat . no . 6 , 889 , 979 , which has been incorporated by reference herein . even though the descriptions and examples focus on that particular construction , as noted above , the technology originally described herein is useful in any playing card shuffling device where cards are to be moved from one stack of cards into a card moving system . in fig1 , a carousel format shuffling storage means 2 ′ is situated on a console formed of two legs 9 ( only one is viewed because of the side view ) which are arranged on a base plate 1 , which shuffling means is formed by a rotatably held drum 2 . the drum or carousel or wheel 2 is shown connected via spacers 62 ( fig6 ) with two disks 3 . the drum may be a unified , single piece molded article , however . the flanges 2 ″ of the drum 2 are provided with or form compartment - like slots 69 which are provided for receiving one or more cards 13 . the disks 3 are each shown in fig1 . each disk 3 is provided with a circular toothing 70 that serves as a pinion gear . the shuffling storage means 2 ′ can be driven via a gear 4 mounted to shaft 5 or any other driving mechanism , ( such as pulleys , magnetic gearing and the like ). the gear 4 is , in turn belt driven via a continuous belt 6 , by a rotational shaft 7 driven by motor 8 . gear 4 and motor 8 are jointly held rotatably inside a housing , one side of which is shown as a plate or bar 25 . the motor 8 may be driven via a random - check generator and optionally moves the shuffling storage means 2 ′ in mutually opposite directions ( e . g ., clockwise and counterclockwise ), so that an oscillating movement of the shuffling storage means 2 ′ can occur and a shortest route to a next selected compartment for insertion of cards can be achieved . although specific structures , features and components are discussed , as previously noted , these are merely specific examples within a disclosure of a generic concept . a prior art system for input of cards ( according to the teachings of u . s . pat . no . 6 , 889 , 979 ) is shown with its playing card storage container or playing card input compartment 10 for the playing cards to be randomized , shuffled or sorted ( e . g ., played cards ) 13 . this card input compartment 10 is provided as part of a playing card input apparatus 106 . it comprises a wedge 11 which rolls by way of a roller 12 which is arranged rotatably in the same on an inclined floor 107 of the storage container 10 against two elastic rollers 14 ( fig2 ). the two rollers 14 ( again , only a single roller can be seen because of the side view ) are held rotatably on a common shaft 28 between the two plate bars 25 that form sides of the housing and the rollers 14 can be driven jointly with the rollers 15 via two pulleys 26 ( and fig2 ), a toothed belt 29 ( fig2 ) as well as a pulley 27 ( fig2 ) via a motor 17 . two rollers 16 touch the two rollers 15 at their circumferences , so that they are co - rotated by surface friction . in fig2 , two bridges 104 each form with the floor 107 of the playing card input storage container 10 a gap - like draw - in zone which is substantially the thickness ( yet still greater than the actual thickness ) of a playing card 13 to guarantee that only one card at a time is conveyed to the shuffling storage means 2 ′ and to prevent jamming or misalignment of cards within the input compartment 10 . a position or optical reading ( camera ) sensor 24 may be provided as a preferably optical sensor for recognizing the presence or rank / suit of respectively moved card 13 . each card which is moved from the playing card storage container 10 to the shuffling storage means 2 ′ must therefore first pass a gap - like draw - in zone one after the other and then the sensor 24 , with the sensor 24 being covered or triggered at first by the playing card 13 entering the sensor zone and being uncovered again after the passage of the card 13 . an electronic controller , preferably a microprocessor , which is provided downstream of the sensor , may therefore register the change from covered to uncovered sensor as a passing playing card 13 , as long as the electronic control does not recognize a jam in the card path . the electronic control advances the cards 13 so that they are inserted one by one into the individual compartments 69 of the shuffling storage means 2 ′ and stores the information in an electronic register and then the electronic control subtracts the cards 13 taken from individual compartments according to their number from the electronic register with the goal of keeping a continual inventory on the playing cards 13 situated in the device 2 ′. a jam in the card path is recognized when the rollers 14 , 15 or 19 are stopped and thus the motors 17 and 20 show an increased current consumption . alternatively , a jam can be recognized when the playing card 13 covers the sensor 24 for a longer period than that time which corresponds to the conveying speed of rollers 14 and 15 with respect to the conveyance of a playing card 13 or when the sensor remains uncovered for a longer period than is standard for an active shuffling mode for the device while the electronic control triggers the drive of the rollers 14 and 15 and the playing cards 13 are located in the storage container 10 . this jamming event or fact can also be verified through a sensor ( not shown ) in floor 107 . the roller pair 19 and the pair of rollers 18 which touches the other pair on their circumferences and which pairs 18 of rollers are each situated on a shaft 30 can be driven in the same manner by motor 23 as described above . two levers 21 are shown in fig1 as being used for fully pushing the respectively moved card 13 into a compartment 69 of the shuffling storage means 2 ′ and can be driven in an oscillating fashion via the rod 22 , which is swivelably connected with one of the levers 21 by the shaft 34 , through an eccentric disk 23 seated on a motor . any other injection means , including gravity and momentum from rollers ( e . g ., 18 and 19 ) may also be used to advance cards into compartments 69 . at least two variants of output storage means 42 , 42 ′ are provided for the shuffled cards 13 which output storage means can be fastened optionally on the base plate 1 and can be exchanged easily for each other . a card storage or card receiving means 42 comprising a support area such as u - shaped table 43 is provided which comprises two alignment pins 100 which are inserted into the base plate 1 and on which a card storage means 42 ( fig1 ), 42 ′ ( fig4 ) for the shuffled cards can be inserted onto the end of the shuffling device 2 ′, which card storage means is provided in the zone of its floor with respective bores 102 ( fig4 ). to fix or secure the respective card storage means 42 , 42 ′ a screw 101 may be provided which engages in a threaded bore 103 of the card storage means 42 , 42 ′. the output of the cards 13 from the compartments 69 to a card storage means 42 , 42 ′ may be effected or occurs by means of a pushing or ejection device , such as two swiveling arms 35 which are swivelably mounted on the two legs 9 and are oscillatingly drivable via lever 37 and via an eccentric disk 38 seated on a motor . pins , bars , shafts , plates , compressed air , rollers and other physical systems may also be used to remove cards from the slots 69 . the two swiveling arms 35 shown each carry at their upper end an inwardly projecting rail 36 ( fig3 ) which grasps the cards 13 situated in a compartment 69 and conveys them to a nip line of two clamping rollers 40 . the clamping rollers 40 are held in the sides of the housing or plate bars 45 and are simultaneously drivable by a motor 41 . the clamping or transporting nip rollers 40 convey the respectively moved cards 13 to the card storage tray means 42 as shown in fig1 for the shuffled or sorted cards for the purpose of a stack - wise removal of the cards 13 , or to a card storage means 42 ′ for a removal of shuffled cards 13 one after the other . a card storage means 42 is shown as formed substantially by a u - shaped table 43 in which the cards 13 are deposited in a stack 44 . the cards can be upwardly removed from said table 43 by the croupier in an optionally stack - wise manner . the card storage means 42 ′ according to fig4 and 4a is provided for removing cards 13 one by one . the cards 13 emerging from the nip line of the clamping rollers 40 enter the card storage means 42 ′ via a gap 50 , which card storage means is delimited by a downwardly extending oblique wall 49 and for example a spring - loaded block 47 . the cards 13 , which may also optionally be present within the card storage means 2 ′ several of them at the same time , are pushed between the block 47 and the wall 49 or the cards 13 already situated in the card storage means 42 ′, with the block 47 being pushed back against the force of the spring 48 . the block 47 slides over the inclined plane of an l - shaped basic body 46 . a gap 73 remains between the lower edge of the wall 49 and the l - shaped basic body 46 through which the cards 13 can be withdrawn one by one . as is shown in fig4 a , the inclined wall 49 is provided at its lower edge with a centrally arranged recess opening 72 which facilitates the withdrawal of individual cards 13 . the card storage means 42 ′ is delimited at the side by walls 50 . the shuffled cards 13 can be removed one by one by the croupier in such a way that the front one of the playing cards 13 is grasped by friction with the fingers through the recess 72 in wall 49 and a single card is pulled out through the gap 73 . as is shown in fig5 and 5a , springs 51 , 52 are arranged in the compartments 69 of the shuffling storage means 2 ′ which produce a clamping of the card ( s ) 13 pushed into the respective compartment 69 . a spring 52 is provided with a bend - off 55 which covers the radially outer openings of the compartments 69 and prevents cards 13 from being ejected outwardly through centrifugal force during the rotation of the shuffling storage means 2 ′. the springs 51 according to fig5 a are arranged as bent or offset leaf springs and are inserted in a slot 53 of the one wall of the compartment 69 and press against the respective opposite wall of the compartment 69 . the card pushed into the respective compartment 69 is therefore clamped between said spring 51 and the opposite wall of the compartment 69 and held in this way in the respective compartment 69 . the output of the cards 13 of a compartment 69 occurs in such a way that the card 13 or a package of up to nine cards 13 for example is ejected as a group . this occurs by means of the swiveling arms 35 and the rails 36 , as has already been described above . the springs 51 , 52 are deformed during the ejection of the card ( s ) 13 . as is shown in fig1 and 6 , the drum 2 rests with its axle journals 57 in receiving means of the legs 9 and can be removed or lifted off from the same easily . since the compartments 69 are provided with springs 51 , 52 , the cards 13 remain in their compartments when the drum 2 is removed . the drum 2 can be placed in a security container 63 ( fig7 ) and can be transported with the same , with the container 63 being closeable by a lid 64 . for this purpose , flanges 65 , 66 are fastened to the container 63 and the lid 64 . this allows connecting and locking the container 63 with the lid 64 in a manipulation - proof way . in order to continually check the number of cards 13 situated in the shuffling storage means 2 ′, it is necessary to detect the number of all cards 13 which were placed in the compartments 69 of the shuffling storage means 2 ′. at the same time it is necessary to detect the number of cards 13 which were removed from the compartments 69 . for this purpose it must be ensured at first that the cards 13 are inserted into the compartments 69 one by one . it is provided for this purpose in accordance with one embodiment of the invention that the cards 13 are guided through a gap - like drawn - in zone 105 ( see fig1 ) of defined thickness , with the thickness corresponding substantially to the thickness of a card 13 . the gap - like draw - in zone 105 is defined in the present embodiment by two bridges 104 that project inwardly from the side walls 108 of the storage container 10 and are separated from the floor 107 of the storage container 10 a distance substantially equal to the thickness of a card 13 . it is understood that instead of the two bridges 104 it is also possible to provide a continuous bridge which connects the two side walls 108 of the storage container 10 . after the card 13 has passed said draw - in zone 105 ( again see fig1 ), a sensor 24 , preferably an optical sensor , is provided which detects the passage of a card 13 . after the passage of a card 13 an internal register of an electronic memory of the electronic control is increased by the value of one . at the same time the electronic control system stores the number of the compartment 69 in which the card 13 was inserted . the allocation of numbers to individual compartments 69 also occurs by the electronic control system upon activating the card shuffler . when cards 13 are removed from the compartments 69 of the shuffling storage means 2 ′, this occurs via the withdrawing apparatus 35 , 37 , 38 , as described above . in the present embodiment , a compartment 69 can only be emptied completely . since the electronic control system is informed at all times about the number of cards 13 per compartment ( card value ) it is thus easy to determine how many cards are taken from the shuffling storage means 2 ′. a sensor detects actuation of the withdrawing apparatus 35 , 37 that ejects all cards from a compartment as a group . an internal sensor facing the front side of playing cards ( not shown ) may be positioned within the device where cards are stationary or where cards are moving to read the rank and suit of cards so that such rank and / or suit information may be passed to a processor that can use that information for various legitimate purposes within the venue of a casino . the sum total of the cards 13 situated in the shuffling storage means 2 ′ is thus obtained in a simple manner by the addition of the cards 13 inserted in the shuffling storage means 2 ′ and the subtraction of the cards 13 removed therefrom . it is understood that the method can also be applied to a card shuffler which allows the removal of individual cards 13 from the shuffling storage means 2 ′, i . e . an entire compartment 69 is therefore not completely emptied . in this case it is not necessary that the electronic control system stores the number of cards 13 per compartment 69 , because after the removal of the individual cards 13 from the shuffling storage means 2 ′ the same can be moved past a sensor again . as a result , the electronic control system is informed at all times about the cards 13 individually supplied to and removed from the shuffling storage means 2 ′, as a result of which the sum total of the cards 13 situated in the shuffling storage means 2 ′ is always known . fig8 shows a side view of a novel gravity feed section 200 of a shuffler playing card input compartment 10 . a base plate 201 for the input compartment 10 is shown , with two pick - off rollers 202 shown extending through the base plate 201 to contact the bottom of playing cards 13 a 13 b in the playing card input compartment 10 . a slight separation 203 is shown for illustrative purposes between the bottom - most cards 13 b and the support plate 201 . there is a critical angle { acute over ( ø )} 203 a that exists with respect the support plate 201 and the horizon . that angle must be steep enough for the effects of gravity to significantly balance or overcome static friction between the playing cards and the support plate 201 and gradual enough so that cards are not forced too strongly down an incline over the support plate 201 . even though the frictional forces could be controlled by modifying the surface properties of the support plate , the angle has been found to be more important , as the surface of the plate 201 will change over time with usage . that critical angle has been found to be circumscribed around 17 °, as between 12 °- 21 °, preferably between 13 °- 20 °, and more preferably between 15 °- 19 ° slope . as shown in fig8 , the ends 214 of lower cards 13 b are stopped by extending and recessing pins ( which may be provided as fingers passing through or under the wall 218 ) or plate 204 while the ends 216 of upper cards 13 a pass over the pins or plate 204 to rest against the wall 218 of the input chamber 10 . the pin or plate 204 prevents lower cards ( such as 13 b ) from continuing downward into the exit slot or screening slot 210 where they would then contact advancing nip rollers 206 , 208 . the number of cards passing through slot 210 is at least partially controlled by the size of slot 210 which is determined by the gap between the lower plate 210 and the lowest point 212 of end wall 218 . also shown is a nub or glide element 220 that is affixed to the inside of the back wall 222 of the playing card input compartment 10 . the glide element 220 assists in allowing cards to slide down into the input chamber 10 and giving cards a slight push forward , down the slope , in the input chamber 10 . the guide 220 may be constructed of a heard material such as metal or hard plastic or a softer material such as rubber or a softer plastic . fig8 a , 8 b , 8 c and 8 d show variations on blocking elements for a gravity feed system or for any other slot feed system . fig8 a shows a “ finger ” blocking element 204 a in a blocking position . the end of the finger element 204 a extends far enough to block the slot 210 , preventing any playing cards ( not shown ) from entering the slot 210 . the blocking element 204 a may unblock by rotating about pin or pivot point 230 . fig8 b shows a blocking plate or panel 204 b that can be moved vertically to block the slot 210 . fig8 c shows a vertically transposing blocking element 204 c that has two arms 242 that move down and up ( see arrow 242 a ) to block and unblock , respectively , the slot 210 . fig8 d shows an angled pin or plate 204 d that moves at an angle through the wall 218 to extend downward to block the slot 210 , and would be retracted upwardly to clear the slot 210 . fig9 shows a top view of the gravity feed section 300 of a shuffler with the playing card support plate removed to expose the pick - off rollers 302 and 306 . the pins 304 can be seen extending into the card receiving well 310 . the pins 304 do not have to be very large to prevent playing cards from advancing against the slot ( not shown ) and may be flat , rounded , sloped or even form a continuous bar or plate a sufficient portion of or across the slot so as to prevent card entry . although the pins 304 are shown here as extending approximately horizontally or at a slight downward slope ( in fig8 ) to block the slot , a plate , pins , a bar , or other blocking surface may move in a more vertical direction to block the slot and then retract to expose the slot a slope or guide 320 on the rearward side of the system is present to assist in guiding playing cards into the gravity feed section 300 . fig1 is a top view of the playing card input compartment 10 with a support plate removed , the pick - off roller 340 and transportation rollers 302 , 304 exposed , and part of the levers 204 for a blocking element shown . a slide 330 for directing cards into the input area 10 is also shown fig1 shows a side view of a playing card input compartment 10 with blocking fingers 204 a in an unblocking position . one format for operation of the blocking fingers 204 a is for a motor 258 a to drive arm 256 via cam 256 a up and down , by engaging guide or roller 258 with a slot 258 a in the arm 256 . this causes a second arm portion 259 to articulate or rotate about pin 260 , which in turns drives the blocking element 204 a against an axel 262 on forward drive wheel 264 , causing the blocking element 204 a to rotate clockwise towards the slot 210 and block the slot 210 as shown in fig8 a . fig1 shows a bottom exposed view of the playing card input compartment ( not shown , as this is a bottom view ) with the levers 204 with fingers shown in an unblocking position . pick - off roller 340 is also shown . fig1 shows a top view of the playing card input compartment 10 with the fingers 204 exposed . the fingers 204 are shown in an unblocking position adjacent the playing card - moving rollers 262 . the use of a gravity feed system , without sliding weights and without mechanical springs , glides or other forwarding moving or downward pressing weights and devices simplifies the manufacture and operation of the movement of playing cards within and out of the playing card input compartment . the use of slides , glides , rollers , weights and other mechanical devices also provides a basis for complications in the initial movement of cards out of the playing card input compartment by way of jamming or forcing multiple cards into or through the exit slot from the compartment . the sloped angle has been found to be important and even critical within the narrow defined range for the operation of the gravity feed system . as repeatedly noted herein , although specific examples are shown for illustrative purposes , these specific examples are not intended to be limiting in the definition of the technology and inventions described herein , but are merely representative of specifics within the generic scope of the technology described .
a card feed system for feeding cards into a card handling system is disclosed . the system includes a card input department with a playing card support surface , a front wall , a rear wall and two side walls . the playing card support surface slopes towards the front wall at an angle between 12 and 22 degrees . a slot is provided in the front wall to allow single cards to pass into the card handling system . the card feed system also includes a card moving system to advance cards through the slot .