How does peer review assess the validity of experiments carried out? In a research paper scientific experiments are carried out and their results recorded.  Anybody can just fabricate experiment data saying they did an experiment and these were the results. The only way you'd know if it was true is if other non related people repeated the experiments and found the same data.
Does the peer review process ensure experimental data being reported is accurate and how so?
Does the peer review process ensure experimental data being reported is accurate and how so?

At very least, the peer review process is not designed to catch intentional fabrication because reviewers are only asked to read the manuscripts.
That being said, intentional fabrications sometimes get caught during the review process if reviewer go above and beyond the call of duty.
The real check on fabrication is replication, which usually happen after publication.