Is it acceptable to ask a university professor to add his/her name to a paper? Is it acceptable/normal to ask a professor to add his/her name to a paper to increase the opportunity to publish the article in high-impact journals?
No, it's not okay to do that, it is academic misconduct to have authors on a paper who have not made a contribution rising to the level of authorship.
There is no single central set of authorship guidelines, but you'll find them from various discipline-specific societies, universities, publishers, etc. Some examples:
http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html

The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria:


Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
Final approval of the version to be published; AND
Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

https://provost.yale.edu/policies/academic-integrity/guidance-authorship-scholarly-or-scientific-publications

Under no circumstance should individuals be added as co-authors based on the individual’s stature as an attempt to increase the likelihood of publication or credibility of the work.

https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/653883/Authorship-factsheet-March-2019.pdf
Under the category &quot;should not be an author&quot;:

Guest’ authors, who make no
discernible contributions, but are
listed to help increase the chances of
publication;

All of these would ban the practice you are suggesting.