What is the preferable way to share data? Suppose there is data that you as an author of a journal article wants to share with the readership of the article (e.g. raw experimental data, code, gold standard / ground truth data).

What would be the best way to do this? Possibilities include:


Add a footnote that data is available upon request by e-mail.
Make the data available for download on an institutional webpage. 
Make the data available for download on your personal webpage.
Make the data available through the article's publisher.
Something else...
The most common and sustainable thing to do is to deposit the data in a research data repository. Depending on which one you choose, the data will get a persistent identifier, e.g. a DOI, can be cited properly in publications, might be reused by other researchers, ...

You can find a list of available data repositories at re3data, the registry of research data repositories. The number of repositories is still growing. Even your institution/university might offer an institutional data repository.