Does taking an academic job in Asia or Africa make it difficult to get a job in the US or Europe later? Many in this community know of the struggle of finding a job in tertiary education after completing a PhD. 
However, there are many options available for people who are willing to work overseas in exotic locations in Asia, Africa, and the other developing areas of the world.

I am wondering if working overseas would be detrimental to someone's career. Is it hard to get back into the States/Europe after spending a few years teaching and writing in the developing world? How do search committees view someone who has been away in order to find employment? Let's say the person asking has a PhD in education.
It's not a career killer, but it can make things more difficult.  If you are looking for research-oriented jobs, and are doing high-quality research, it should not make a difference (except in cases where your area is only popular in other countries).  What the other answers fail to mention, is that it can be a significant disadvantage applying to smaller/more teaching-oriented schools (e.g., most liberal arts colleges) from overseas.  Here are a few reasons:


Flying you in for interviews is more expensive.
Being able to teach well in the US system is important, and overseas applications tend to provide less evidence for this.
Many schools want to find candidates who specifically want to be at that institution, or at least are not likely to leave.  International applicants need to convince committees not just they want to move to the US, but would be happy at that specific school.
At least in my field, we are over-saturated with good domestic candidates, so search committees can afford to throw out applications for small concerns, like ones I mentioned above.


This is not to say it's impossible, it's just a somewhat harder.  In my field, where postdocs are common, my general advice to people who want permanent jobs in the US is to try to do their last postdoc in the US (or at least apply to US postdocs as a backup when applying for tenure-track positions).