How to efficiently proofread my own mathematical paper? The main purpose of this question is to collect some advices to efficiently proofread my own mathematical paper (when there are two authors or more, it is easier since one is supposed to read what the others write). When we write mathematics, there are a lot 
of not so minor mistakes we can make:


We omit to introduce a notation.  
Non-uniform notations. 
A sum should stop at n+1, not at n but the last term is not important.
Etc...


Of course, we would like to limit the number of such mistakes in order to save the reader's (and referee's) time. 


One possibility is to wait a long period of time in order to "forget"  and read what is written, and not what we have in mind. Although "hurry for publishing" is very bad, we cannot always wait a lot of time (thesis defense, applying for post-doc/permanent position) and we would like to make the process fast.  
An other possibility is to send a draft of the paper to a colleague. But he may be busy and not read too much into details. Anyway, when we are alone to write a paper, we would like to send to the colleague a document without too much typos and mistakes mentioned in the beginning of the question.
A general technique, applicable not only to mathematical papers, is to list common mistakes, such as the one you noted. Then, you do a revision of your paper for each item on the list: reading only to look at uniformity, reading only to look if you introduce all notations, etc.
I've picked up this tip in the following book and it has worked well so far.
The book also suggest to reduce the familiarity with your text, so you might be able to read it as a &quot;new&quot; reader and thus find mistakes or parts that are not clear. You could do that by putting away the manuscript for a few days/weeks, printing it, changing the font, etc.