Understanding and treating alcoholic neuropathy
What is alcoholic neuropathy?
How does alcohol cause neuropathy?
Alcoholic neuropathy is a severe condition caused by excessive alcohol use. Damage to the nerves leads to unusual sensations in the limbs, reduced mobility, and loss of some bodily functions. Recognizing the symptoms and seeking treatment early can reduce the risk of permanent disability.
In this article, we look at what alcoholic neuropathy is, what causes it, and how it may feel. We also explore how the condition is diagnosed and treated.
The peripheral nerves can be damaged by drinking excessive amounts of alcohol.
A person who drinks alcohol in excess may start to feel a tingling sensation in their limbs. This happens when alcohol has damaged the peripheral nerves.
These nerves connect the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, limbs, and sensory organs. Through the peripheral nerves, the brain is able to control the body and receive sensory information.
When alcohol is responsible for damage to the peripheral nerves, a person has alcoholic neuropathy. People who drink heavily on a regular basis are at risk of developing this condition.
Some researchers estimate that 65 percent of people in the United States who have been diagnosed with alcohol use disorder also have alcoholic neuropathy.
Excessive, long-term consumption of alcohol can lead to malnutrition as well as nerve damage, and both contribute to the development of alcoholic neuropathy.
Alcohol can impede the processing, transportation, and absorption of essential nutrients. Some people with alcohol use disorder also have inadequate food intake. This can lead to deficiencies in:
vitamins B6 and B12
Deficiencies in these nutrients can harm overall health and stop nerves from functioning correctly.
The best thing a person with alcoholic neuropathy can do is to stop or significantly reduce their alcohol intake. It will likely be the first thing a doctor suggests. Some doctors may insist on it before testing or treatment continues.
An inpatient detox may be suggested when a person's alcohol use disorder is very severe. Others may opt for an outpatient rehab.
Community-based support is also available from organizations such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Self-Management and Recovery Training. A doctor may also recommend other options.
Alcoholic neuropathy can make daily life difficult, so it is essential to begin by managing the symptoms. Individuals have different needs, and a treatment plan may involve one or more of the following:
Vitamin supplements, involving vitamins E, B6, and B12, among others
Over-the-counter pain relief, for minor discomfort associated with alcoholic neuropathy
Prescription pain relief, such as capsaicin cream, tramadol, anticonvulsants, and gabapentin
Medicines for urinary problems, including duloxetine, imipramine, tolterodine, and solifenacin
Physical therapy, because gentle exercises and activities can help with muscle and balance problems
Orthopedic appliances to aid with mobility, including pull bars in the bathroom, stair lifts, and orthotic devices, such as raised heels in shoes
Other safety measures, including practical advice for people who experience a loss of sensation
If a person can benefit from exercise, a doctor can likely recommend a physiotherapist who specializes in neuropathy.
When significantly limiting or cutting off alcohol consumption, receiving ongoing support is essential.
Alcoholic neuropathy is a severe condition that can lead to chronic pain, loss of some bodily functions, and permanent disability. However, recognizing the symptoms and seeking medical attention early can minimize the impact of the condition.
A person can improve their outlook by significantly reducing or cutting off their alcohol intake and ensuring that they are receiving the right balance of nutrients. A wide range of support networks and medical treatments are available.
Individuals with alcoholic neuropathy often make a partial or full recovery, depending on the extent and duration of their alcohol consumption.
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