The Influence of Cover-crop (Vicia tetrasperma) Cultivation on the Occurrence of Major Insect Pests and their Natural Enemies in Pepper, Capsicum annum
Han, Eun-Jung; Hong, Seong-Jun; Park, Jong-Ho; Cho, Jeong-Rae; Choi, Jae-Pil; Kim, Yong-Ki; Shim, Chang-Ki; Kim, Min-Jeong; Jee, Hyung-Jin;
BACKGROUND: In organic agriculture, various cover crops have been used to control weeds. In this study, we investigated the suppressive effects of Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schred (Eolchigi wandu) on the occurrence of major insect pests and their natural enemies in pepper. METHODS AND RESULTS: To estimate the effect of cover-crop on arthropod diversities and occurrences of insect pest in pepper. V. tetrasperma was sowed as cover-crop plot October, 2008 and 2009. Control plot was kept bare in winter season and mulched with black plastic-film before transplanting red pepper seedlings. Pepper seedlings, Capsicum annuum, were transplanted on the 19th of May, 2009 and on the 20th of May, 2010, respectively. Five Yellow sticky traps were set and changed at 7 days interval. Densities of aphids and thrips and damaged fruit rates by oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta, were counted. CONCLUSION(S): Populations of aphids, thrips and braconid wasps were maintained high on V. tatrasperma before transplanting pepper seedlings and in early season of pepper. However, the densities of aphids on pepper in the control plot were much higher than in the cover-crop plot in the early stage of pepper. Damaged fruit rates by both of thrips and oriental tobacco budworm were not significantly different between the two experimental plots.
Ives, A.R., Kareiva, P., Perry, R., 1993. Response of a predator to variation in prey density at three hierarchical scales: lady beetles feeding on aphids, Ecology 74, 1929-1938.
Jee, H.J., Han, E.J., Ahn, N.H., 2011. The concept of environment-friendly agriculture and its farming technologies, p. 17, Sam-mi, Korea.
Kim, C.G., Jeong, H.K., Moon, D.H., 2012. Production and consumption status and market prospects for environment-friendly agri-foods. KREI report P157.
Kim, D.I., Ko, S.J., Choi, D.S., Kang, B.R., Kim, S.G., Choi, K.J., Kim, S.S., Hwang, I.C., 2012. Management of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) with zoophytophagous predator Nesidiocoris tenuis (Heteroptera : Miridae) and EFAM in tomato production without pesticides, Korean J. Organic Agri. 20: 49-58.
Kim, D.S., Lee, J.H., Jeon, H.Y., Yiem, M.S., Kim, K.Y., 1995. Community structure of phytophagous arthropods and their natural enemies at different weed management systems in apple orchards, Korean J. appl. Entomol. 34: 256-265.
Kim, S.K., Jin, J.H., Lim, C.K., Hur, J.H., Cho, S., 2009. Evaluation of insecticidal efficacy of plant extracts against major insect pests, Korean J. Pestic. Sci. 13, 165-170.
Landis, D.A., Wratten, S.D., Gurr, G.M., 2000. Habitat management to conserve natural enemies of arthropod pests in agriculture, Annu. rev. of entomol. 45 : 175-201
Lee, S.H.,Lee J.B., Kim, S.M., Choi, H.S., Park, J.W., Lee, J.S., Lee, K.W., Moon, J.S., 2004. The incidence and distribution of viral diseases in pepper by cultivation types, Res. Plant Dis. 10, 231-240.
Luttikholt, L.W.M., 2007, Principles of organic agriculture as formulated by international Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements, NJAS-Wageningen J. Life Sci. 54, 347-360.
Park, J.H., Ryu, K.Y., Lee, B.M., Jee, H.J., 2008. Effect of COY (cooking oil and yolk mixture) on control of Tetranychus urticae, Korean J. Appl. Entomol.47, 249-254.
Pearsall, I.A., Myers, J.H., 2001. Spatial and temporal patterns of western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in nectarine orchards in british columbia, J. Econ. Entomol. 94, 831-843.
SAS Institute, 2006. SAS user's guide: statistics SAS institute, Cary, NC.
Smit, G., Parlevliet, J.E., 1990. Mature plant resistance of barley leaf rust, another type of resistance, Euphytica 50: 159-162.
Varchola, J.M., Dunn, J.P., 1999. Changes in ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in farming systems bordered by complex or simple roadside vegetation, Agri. Ecosys. Environ. 73, 41-49.
Whang, I.C., Kim, J., Kim, H.M., Kim, D.I., Kim, S.G., Kim, S.S., Jang, C., 2009. Evaluation of toxicity of plant extract made by neem and matrine against main pests and natural enemies, Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 48, 87-94.